Across
- 3. Non-reviewable, official acts
- 4. The Dormant Commerce Clause prohibits states from discriminating against citizens of other states
- 7. Standing Requirement that must be actual or imminent, concrete and particularized
- 10. Supreme Court jurisdiction for cases involving public ministers
- 11. Case in which the fundamental rights are listed.
- 15. Congress is silent
- 16. Must match the scope of the Constitutional violation, according to Brown v. Board.
- 19. War power gives Congress the power to cure impacts of war, if the war is a direct and ____ cause.
- 20. Justiciability issue arising when an injury no longer exists
- 21. Congress cannot ______ thitstes.
- 22. Type of treaty requiring additional legislative action.
- 23. Method in which a state chooses to relinquish their sovereignty against suits brought by citizens
- 27. Amendment which gave slaves citizenship.
- 29. Petitioner in a case in which courts declared slaves are not affored due process.
- 33. Must show race neautral alternatives were considered before adopting a race based policy; fit for a suspect class.
- 35. Implied Field preemption occurs when a __________federal interest prevails.
- 36. The Chadda case illustrated that _______ override is not allowed after delegation.
- 44. Case from which the Presidential immunity analysis originates.
- 46. A tax on voting found unconsitutional- _____ _____
- 47. Congress goes beyond the scope the issue.
- 53. Interpretation method examining the relationships between different parts of the Constitution
- 54. The process by which the Bill of Rights is applied to the states (Except the 3rd, 5th, and 7th Amendments).
- 55. A tax on property that is apportioned
- 58. ____ apportionment is not required for one person, one vote reuirements.
- 60. The Privileges and Immunities clause requires _________to treat citizens of other states the same as their own citizens, protecting the fundamental rights of nonresidents
- 61. Presidential power is at its highest when congress says ___.
- 65. Presidential power is at its lowest when congress says ___.
- 70. When suing a state official the only relief that may be sough is ____.
- 71. Standing is relaxed for states under the principle of special _____.
- 73. The power to tax is the power to _________
- 75. Category regulated under the Commerce Clause relating to "tools" of manufaturing
- 76. Separate is ____ unequal.
- 77. The President recognizes countries through ________.
- 82. Suspect classes share an _________ characteristic.
- 83. Justification for laws being reviewd under Strict Scrutiny.
- 84. Which amendment reserves unenumerated powers to the states or people?
- 85. A tax on transactions that is uniform
- 86. Presidental power that may be constrained by Congress for Quasi-Legislative or Quasi-Judicial officials, or inferior officers.
- 87. A tax cannot be a ______
- 88. All racial classifications are inherently _______. (Bakke case)
- 92. Standard of review applied to a facially neutral policy that creates a disparate impact related to invidious intent.
- 93. Where is the Supremacy Clause?
- 97. Exception for mootness, Capable of ___
- 99. Preemption occurring when it is impossible to comply with both federal and state law OR when state law frustrates the purpose of federal law.
- 100. Which amendment prohibits citizens of one state from suing another state in federal court?
- 101. Court order compelling mandatory duty
- 102. Sibelius case adds this fifth factor to the Dole factors; Spending cannot be ___.
- 103. How many days is presumptively too short for the President to fill a vacancy?
- 104. Case which limited the Privileges or Immunities clause
Down
- 1. Relaxes the Cause and Redress requirements of standing; _____ Standing.
- 2. Non-suspect classes
- 5. An intent to racially discriminate.
- 6. if an action by one person is not regulated properly, it could have a domino effect on the production for the entire market
- 8. Category regulated under the Commerce Clause relating to transportation
- 9. A fundamental right recognized in Lochner, but has since been discarded; ____ Liberty.
- 12. Justiciability issue arising when an injury has not yet occurred
- 13. Under the Necessary and Proper Clause, Congress may take all actions necessary to carry out its _________ powers.
- 14. President gets no immunity for ____ conduct.
- 17. Exception for suing states; States are not immune when acting as a ___________.
- 18. Diversity in education is no longer a ____ interest.
- 24. Standing Requirement asking whether the court can cure the injury
- 25. When a state regulation includes ______ discrimination(aka, in its verbiage), courts apply strict scrutiny and presume the regulation is unconstitutional.
- 26. Gives congress the power to regulate "economic" activites among the states; Article 1, sec. 8
- 28. Overturned case in which "separate but equal" originated.
- 30. Exception for suing states; Citizens can instead sue a ________.
- 31. Factor from Sibelius focusing on a guilty mind
- 32. Case from which the factors for the Spending power originates
- 34. Case from which the third category of the Commerce Clause originates; Preexisting intrastate economic activities that, in the aggregate, substantially impact interstate commerce.
- 37. Factor from Sibelius focusing on the cost of the tax
- 38. __________ can fulfill state action requirements under the Fourtheenth Amendment. (Shelley v. Kraemer)
- 39. How many hours does the President have to report a deployment of troops to Congress?
- 40. Factor from Sibelius focusing on the enforcer of a tax
- 41. When an act directly preempts state action in its language.
- 42. says the Constitution, federal laws, and treaties are the "supreme Law of the Land
- 43. Equal Protection Amendment
- 45. Title for the President relating to his shared War power.
- 48. Is important for civil engagement, according to Brown v. Board.
- 49. Power shared between two branches regarding the formal ending of hostilities
- 50. Power shared between two branches regarding the deployment of troops
- 51. When a state regulation includes ______ (aka, pretextual), courts apply strict scrutiny and presume the regulation is unconstitutional.
- 52. In the Slaughterhouse cases, the Court determined there are no privileges or immunities of ____ citizenship.
- 56. Suspect classes have experienced _________ Discrimination.
- 57. What is required for the Supreme Court to hear a case?
- 59. Presdient gets _____ immunity for official acts.
- 62. When a state regulation only _______ impacts interstate commerce, courts balance a legitimate local interest with the burden on commerce.
- 63. Requirement in the 14th Amendment before a state may deprive any person of life, liberty, or property.
- 64. Congress doesn't fully address the issue.
- 66. Interpretation method considering only the language of the Constitution
- 67. How many days may the President extend deployment?
- 68. Says Congress controls federal land and anything on it.
- 69. Supreme Court jurisdiction for review lower court decisions
- 71. Clause from which Legislative immunity is derived.
- 72. Discretionary decisions of government actors for which the Constitution has no standard
- 74. Interpretation method looking at historical "public meaning"
- 78. When a party seeks an opinion on the Constitutionality of a Gov action, absent a case or controversy
- 79. Created by Article Three
- 80. President get presumptive immunity for criminal acts that are in the _____ of the President's duties.
- 81. A right that is fundamental to our history/nation.
- 89. Amendment protecting right to vote from race discrimination.
- 90. Standing requirement looking to the source of injury
- 91. restrained Appointment of US Officials requires advice and ___ of the Senate.
- 94. Segregating students based on race reinforces ____.
- 95. Presidents cannot make a _________ veto.
- 96. How many days after deployment does Congress have to authorize and declare war?
- 98. Balancing test for Dormant Commerce Clause, weighing the burden on commerce against a legitimate local interest