Across
- 4. Bloodborne pathogen that causes a highly infectious disease that infects the liver; Hepatitis B Virus.
- 6. The removal of dirt, oil and/or pathogens from an object.
- 14. Using the same infection control procedures with all clients is called standard ___________.
- 15. Sub-microscopic particle (much smaller than bacteria) that causes familiar diseases like the common cold; requires living hosts to multiply; are not treatable with antibiotics.
- 16. Occurs when disease-causing bacteria or viruses enter the body and multiply to the point of interfering with the body's normal state; an insufficient number of antibodies are produced by the body's defense (immune) system to "fight" harmful bacteria.
- 18. ______ Transmission is the spread of infectious disease when an infected person touches or exchanges body fluids with someone else.
- 20. Type of infection that is located in a small, confined area; often indicated by a pus-filled boil, pimple or inflamed area.
- 21. Most common form of bacterial cells; bar- or rod-shaped cells that can produce a variety of diseases including tetanus, bacterial influenza, typhoid fever, tuberculosis and diphtheria.
- 22. Eternal _________ are organisms that live on or obtain their nutrients from another organism called a host; generally cause harm to the host; clients who have a disease caused by these should NOT be treated and should be referred to a physician; Ex. mosquitos.
- 24. The action of making an object or substance unclean or impure.
- 26. Spiraled, coiled, corkscrew-shaped bacterial cells; cause highly contagious diseases such as syphilis, cholera and lyme disease.
- 28. Produced by the immune system in response to any pathogen; can either destroy, kill or inactivate pathogens.
- 29. Disease-producing bacteria; cause infection and disease, and some produce toxins.
- 31. The stage of growth in bacteria when they reproduce and grow rapidly; usually takes place in dark, damp or dirty areas where a food source is available.
- 32. Hair-like projections which extend from the sides of the cell in Bacilli and Spirilla; give them the ability to move by themselves; produce a wave-like motion to easily propel the cell through a liquid.
- 33. The ability of the body to destroy infectious agents that enter the body.
- 34. ________ Transmission is when an infectious disease spreads through the air or contact with a contaminated object.
- 35. Type of infection that occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins to all parts of the body; also known as a systemic infection.
- 37. Non-disease-producing bacteria; harmless and can be very beneficial; approx. 70% of all bacteria.
- 38. Spherical (round-shaped) bacterial cells, which appear singularly or in groups.
Down
- 1. Special group or type of antibodies that render a toxic substance harmless; can neutralize a specific toxin.
- 2. Virus that can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS); interferes with the body's natural immune system and causes it to break down.
- 3. Bacterial cells that grow in pairs; cause of certain infections, including pneumonia.
- 5. One-celled micro-organisms sometimes called germs or microbes; can cause infections by invading the body through a break in the skin or through any of the body's natural openings; go through a growth cycle that consists of two stages: active & inactive.
- 7. A(n) ____________ carrier carries a disease-producing bacteria or virus with no recognizable symptoms.
- 8. A(n) __________ Infection is transmitted from one person to another, usually through touch or through the air.
- 9. Type of immunity that results when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease; takes time (usually several weeks) to develop; long-lasting and sometimes life-long.
- 10. The unintentional transfer or harmful bacteria from one person, object or surface to another with harmful effects.
- 11. Type of immunity provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through their own immune system; protection is immediate; lasts only for a few weeks or months.
- 12. Transmitted directly from one person to another, or by contact with articles that have come in contact with an infested person; usually accompanied by head scratching, redness and/or small bite marks on the scalp; easy to control by using a pediculicide.
- 13. Hair-like projections which extend form the sides of the cell in Bacilli and Spirilla; give them the ability to move by themselves; produce a rowing-like motion to easily propel the cell through a liquid.
- 17. Pus-forming bacterial cells; form in long chains and can cause septicemia (sometimes called blood poisoning), strep throat, rheumatic fever and other serious infections.
- 19. __________ Pathogens are disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the blood of body fluids; can be spread in the salon through haircutting, waxing, tweezing, nipping or anytime the skin is broken.
- 23. Spread to a new person frequently; cause no infection unless they actually enter the body.
- 25. Common viral infection that can lead to health problems such as genital warts, cervical changes and cervical cancer; often invisible and difficult to kill.
- 27. Parasite _____ are molds and yeasts that produce contagious diseases such as ringworm (tinea), ringworm of the scalp (tinea capitis) and noncontagious conditions such as dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis (stubborn dandruff).
- 30. Pus-forming bacterial cells; form as grape-like bunches or in clusters; present in abscesses, pustules and boils.
- 36. Stage of growth in bacteria when conditions are unfavorable; when the environment makes the bacteria's survival difficult, some bacteria enter this stage by creating spherical spores.