Across
- 3. arc - chain of volcanic islands created at oceanic convergent boundaries
- 6. Crust – less dense, thicker part of the lithosphere
- 8. Currents – transfer of energy where warmer, less dense material rises, and then later cools and sinks back down creating a cycle; driving force of crust movement (Figure 1)
- 10. Zone – an area on the Earth’s surface where seismic waves are absent
- 13. – shear waves created during an earthquake, are slower than P-waves, moveside to side (and up & down) and cannot go through liquids
- 14. – primary seismic waves created by an earthquake, they move through both solids and liquids and are faster than S-waves, compressional
- 17. – plates moving apart; create at rift zones and mid-ocean ridges; where new crust is created
- 18. – the layer of the Earth underneath the crust where convection occurs in a specialized semi-solid region called the asthenosphere
- 20. features - physical features that occur on earth - volcano, mountains, ridges and trenches
- 21. – point on the surface of the Earth above the location of an underground earthquake
- 22. Core – solid layer located in the center of the Earth; very high heat, pressure, and density;
- 23. the influence of gravity, occurs at convergent boundaries and creates trenches (ESRT p 5)
- 24. – made up of the crust and the rigid mantle; the outermost layer of the Earth; completely solid; continental lithosphere is thicker than oceanic lithosphere
- 26. – sudden movement of the Earth, creating seismic waves
- 27. Crust – the thinner, denser, basaltic bedrock beneath the Earth’s oceans
Down
- 1. Ridge – a surface feature created at divergent boundaries, where new igneous rock in being created on the ocean floor
- 2. – a volcanic area created when a tectonic plate moves over a location of rising magma within the Earth’s mantle; an example is the Hawaiian Islands
- 4. – coming together; two tectonic plates merge and the denser plate subducts
- 5. – a gap
- 7. mostly of iron and nickel; heat released from radioactive decay of elements here drives
- 9. – solid outermost part of the Earth; composed of continental and oceanic crust;
- 11. tectonics
- 12. – solid layer of the Earth beneath the lithosphere - where convection currents happen
- 15. Waves – energetic waves produced by an earthquake
- 16. - a mountain having a vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas can erupt out of.
- 19. Core – liquid layer of Earth surrounding the inner core, heavy metals (iron & nickel)
- 25. (to subduct) – process where the denser oceanic plate crust sinks back into the Earth