Across
- 1. intense heat from Earth's core and intense pressure of all of the layers of rock on top of it causes metamorphosis
- 3. wind and water naturally breaks up rocks into smaller pieces over geologic time
- 5. factor(s) that are affected by the independent variable; measurable (data)
- 8. the way the mineral reflects light; metallic or nonmetallic
- 9. when lava or magma loses heat and cools into igneous rocks
- 12. the series of natural processes that change one form of rock into another
- 14. factor changed by the experimenter to test the hypothesis
- 15. rock layers compact or squeeze rocks together, minerals react by gluing together particles
- 21. the color a mineral appears to the eye; the least reliable identification property
- 22. a substance that is not alive, was never alive, and was not made through a life process of a living thing
- 23. a testable prediction about what you think will happen in an experiment and why
- 24. an educated guess or explanation you make based on your observations
- 26. atoms must occur in specific ratios; has a chemical formula
- 28. formed from sediments that have been compacted and cemented together; the processes that recycle Earth's materials
- 29. a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms.
- 30. any substance that occurs naturally inside or on the Earth (no human intervention)
Down
- 2. a crystal structure; atoms arranged in a repeating, orderly pattern
- 4. formed from cooled magma in the earth or cooled lava directly from volcanoes
- 6. observations made based on sensory descriptions
- 7. a substance that has a fixed volume and shape; not gas or liquid
- 10. when a mineral breaks randomly
- 11. when a mineral breaks in a predictable way, looks like it has been cut
- 13. when the intense heat of Earth's interior melts rocks
- 14. rocks that from from cooled magma within the Earth; cool slowly so they form bigger crystals
- 16. formed from igneous, sedimentary, and even other metamorphic rocks that have been heated up and put under a lot of pressure
- 17. factor(s) that are kept the same throughout an experiment so they do not influence the results.Factor(s) that are kept the same throughout an experiment so they do not influence the results.
- 18. the color of the mineral in powdered form
- 19. fragments of rock like sand or silt
- 20. numerical observations through measurement
- 25. Geologists use the objects with known hardness to scratch against unknown minerals in order to determine their hardness from 1-10
- 27. rocks that form from cooled lava on Earth's surface; cool quickly so they form little to no crystals
- 31. a rock is a naturally occurring solid mass that may contain one or more minerals, with or without the addition of organic matter.