Across
- 2. Ice that is anchored to the shore or ocean bottom, typically over shallow ocean shelves at continental margins
- 6. Small needle-like ice crystals, typically 3 to 4 millimeters in diameter, suspended in water, that represent the first stages of sea ice growth
- 7. A thin sheet of smooth, level ice less than 10 centimeters (4 inches) thick
- 10. The floating terminus of a glacier, typically formed when a terrestrial glacier flow into a deep water basin, such as in Antarctica and the Canadian Arctic
- 12. A glacier that flows for all or most of its length within the walls of a mountain valley
- 18. Irregularly shaped areas of persistent open water that are sustained by winds or ocean heat
- 19. Ice that is not attached to the shoreline and drifts in response to winds, currents, and other forces
- 20. A polynya that forms from strong winds in a persistent direction that push the ice away from a barrier (the coast, fast ice, a grounded iceberg, or an ice shelf)
- 21. Small droplets of highly saline water that form in pockets between ice crystals, as sea ice forms and expels salt into the underlying ocean water
- 24. A thick, subcontinental to continental-scale accumulation of glacier ice and perennial snow that spreads from a center of accumulation, typically in all directions
Down
- 1. A polynya that forms from the upwelling of warm (above-freezing) ocean water from lower depths
- 3. Cohesive sheet of ice floating in the water
- 4. Ice that moves from winds, currents, or other forces
- 5. A very thin, soupy layer of frazil crystals clumped together, which makes the ocean surface resemble an oil slick
- 8. Ice that has survived at least one melt season; it is typically 2 to 4 meters thick and thickens as more ice grows on its underside
- 9. A dome-shaped accumulation of glacier ice and perennial snow that completely covers a mountainous area or island, so that no peaks or Nunataks poke through
- 11. A continuous accumulation of snow and glacier ice that completely fills a mountain basin or covers a low-relief mountain plateau to a substantial depth
- 13. A large, perennial accumulation of ice, snow, rock, sediment and liquid water originating on land and moving down slope under the influence of its own weight and gravity; a dynamic river of ice
- 14. Pools of melted snow and ice on the sea ice surface created during the summer melt
- 15. A block of ice that has broken or calved from the face of a glacier and is floating in a body of marine of fresh water
- 16. The process by which pieces of ice break away from the terminus of a glacier that ends in a body of water or from the edge of a floating ice shelf that ends in the ocean
- 17. The part of a ridge below the ocean surface
- 19. Pieces of new ice approximately circular, up to 10 centimeters (4 inches) thick and 0.03 to 3 meters (0.1 to 9.8 feet) in diameter, with raised edges that form from rubbing against each other
- 22. Piled ice formed when wind, ocean currents, and other forces push sea ice around into piles that rise and form small mountains above the level sea ice surface
- 23. Long, linear areas of open water that range from a few meters to over a kilometer in width, and tens of kilometers long