Across
- 3. Descartes: French philosopher and mathematician famous for his statement "Cogito, ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am") and his foundational role in the development of modern philosophy.
- 4. Pre-Socratic philosopher who argued for the existence of a single, unchanging reality, asserting that "what is, is, and what is not, cannot be."
- 8. Greek philosopher often considered the first Western philosopher, known for proposing that water is the fundamental substance of the universe.
- 10. Greek philosopher and polymath, student of Plato, who made significant contributions to logic, metaphysics, ethics, politics, and more.
- 13. Gautama: Also known as the Buddha, founder of Buddhism, who taught the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path as a means to achieve enlightenment and liberation from suffering.
Down
- 1. Chinese philosopher and educator whose teachings emphasized morality, family values, and social harmony, influencing Chinese culture for centuries.
- 2. Classical Greek philosopher known for his Socratic method, which involved asking probing questions to stimulate critical thinking and self-discovery.
- 4. Disciple of Socrates and author of numerous philosophical dialogues, including "The Republic" and "The Symposium," in which he explores ideas about justice, the forms, and the nature of reality.
- 5. German philosopher whose "Critique of Pure Reason" revolutionized Western philosophy, introducing concepts such as transcendental idealism and the categorical imperative.
- 6. Hume: Scottish Enlightenment philosopher known for his empiricist approach to philosophy, skepticism regarding causality, and his influential works on ethics, epistemology, and metaphysics.
- 7. Pre-Socratic philosopher who famously stated that "you cannot step into the same river twice," emphasizing the concept of constant change and flux.
- 9. Augustine: Early Christian theologian and philosopher whose works, such as "Confessions" and "City of God," profoundly influenced Western Christian thought and philosophy.
- 11. Chinese philosopher and founder of Daoism, author of the "Tao Te Ching," which expounds the concept of the Tao (the Way) and the principle of wu wei (effortless action).
- 12. Thomas Aquinas: Influential medieval philosopher and theologian who synthesized Aristotelian philosophy with Christian theology, most notably in his seminal work "Summa Theologica."