Across
- 2. The layer of blood that contains platelets, nutrients, and hormones
- 4. histamines and can create an allergic reaction
- 9. A type of bacteria that has a thick layer of peptidoglycan
- 10. The molecule in charge of presenting an antigen to killer T cells and is important in organ transplants
- 11. The vesicle inside a phagosome that houses the chemicals needed to break down a particle
- 16. A cytokine produced by helper T cells and natural killer cells
- 19. A molecule always found on the surface of neutrophils(abbreviation)
- 20. A protein found within blood vessels after receiving signals from IL-1 and TNF
- 22. A protein found on neutrophils that can bind to ICAM after receiving the appropriate signals
- 23. The molecule in charge of presenting antigens to helper T cells and are only found on APC's
- 25. The stage of a macrophage in which it begins to express more class 2 MHC molecules and phagocytizes invaders
- 28. The process of engulfing a particle(bacteria, virus, etc) to destroy it
- 29. T cell that helps keep the immune system "in check"
- 30. The type of feedback loop most commonly found within the immune system. This system brings the body temporarily away from homeostasis
- 33. A class of immune system invader that is not considered to be living
- 35. A granulocytic cell in charge of killing large invaders such as parasites
- 40. The complement pathway that is spontaneous
- 41. The stage of a macrophage in which much larger invaders can be phagocytized and TNF is secreted
- 42. The body's specific third line of defense that is capable of immunologic memory
- 43. A short-lived granulocytic cell that acts as our bodies main mechanism for killing invaders
- 45. A long-lived phagocytic cell that lives in the body's tissues
- 46. A class of immune system invader whose cell wall is made of chitin
- 47. A bodily substance that moves with the help of gravity and muscle movement
- 49. Chemicals such as c3a and c5a that can recruit other immune cells
Down
- 1. A class of immune system invader that can reach considerable sizes
- 2. A tool used by the innate immune system to recognize the general properties of pathogens(abbreviated)
- 3. The vesicle inside a phagosome where an engulfed particle is first placed
- 5. The complement pathway where MBL binds to mannose on pathogens
- 6. The receptor on the natural killer cell that binds to class 1 MHC on other cells; prevents their destruction
- 7. A type of immune cell in charge of
- 8. T cell that can kill virus-infected cells
- 12. The body's non-specific second line of defense
- 13. Region of an antibody that can bind to antigens
- 14. The process in which B or T cells, once bound to their cognate antigen, proliferate to form many copies of these cells
- 15. The class of interferons that are capable of killing virus-infected cells and warning other cells of the virus
- 17. Region of an antibody that determines its class(IgG, IgA, etc). Also called the "constant region"
- 18. A type of bacteria that has a thin layer of peptidoglycan and LPS on the outer surface
- 19. An example of the bodies first line of defense
- 21. A granulocytic cell in charge of killing large invaders such as parasites and releasing histamine. The least common leukocyte
- 24. The lineage that can give rise to cells such as T and B cells
- 26. The lineage that can give rise to cells such as platelets, erythrocytes, macrophages, etc
- 27. The system that is a part of the innate immune system and has ~ 20 proteins to kill invaders/attract other immune cells to help in an attack
- 31. T cell that acts as a guide for other immune system cells
- 32. The layer of blood that contains the white blood cells/leukocytes
- 34. The stage of a macrophage in which it mainly cleans up debris
- 36. The location where all blood cells initially begin
- 37. The receptor on the natural killer cell that binds to pathogen-specific carbs/proteins; gives the "okay" to kill
- 38. A protein always found within blood vessels(abbreviation)
- 39. The cell capable of killing tumor cells, cells infected by viruses, and other invaders by way of inducing suicide
- 44. A short-lived cell that acts as the bridge between the innate and adaptive immune system
- 48. A general characteristic that can be found on a wide array of pathogens(LPS, etc)