Across
- 2. receptors on immune cells and epithelial cells that recognize and bind to PAMPs on microbes
- 4. white blood cells with multi-lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules
- 5. designation for a family of cell surface molecules involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to T cells
- 10. multiple drug treatment for HIV infection
- 16. designation for specific cell-surface molecules on immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
- 17. transcription factor that helps activate the expression of many pro-inflammatory genes
- 19. a cell wall component of gram negative bacteria which can be bound by TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
- 21. autoimmune disease where autoantibodies (against DNA, RNA, and proteins associated with nucleic acids) form immune complexes
- 25. immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
- 26. large granular lymphocyte that serves as an innate effector cell by inducing apoptosis of target cells (virally infected cells or tumor cells)
- 28. lymphocyte that upon activation can differentiate into plasma cells secreting antibody molecules or B memory cells
- 29. soluble acute phase response protein that can bind mannose on pathogens; can activate the lectin pathway of Complement and acts as an opsonin
- 30. a cytokine produced by macrophages and T cells that is highly pro-inflammatory
- 31. the two genes essential for Ig and TCR gene rearrangement; their gene products (RAG-1 & RAG-2) comprise the RAG complex
- 32. thymus-derived lymphocyte that are comprised of two different subsets, CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells
- 33. a transcription factor that causes several hundred tissue-specific genes to be transcribed by a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the thymus
- 34. name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
Down
- 1. a type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
- 3. general designation of many of the different cytokines, chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other cells
- 6. large mononuclear phagocyte that takes residence in many different tissues and organs and contributes to innate immune responses and can act as an effector cell in adaptive immune responses
- 7. adaptive immune responses in which there is a major role for effector T cells
- 8. the part of an antibody that consists of the carboxy terminal halves of the two heavy chains disulfide-bonded to each other; the Fc region of an antibody is where Fc receptors bind, and so is responsible for antibody effector function (after antigen binding occurs)
- 9. Human immunodeficiency virus
- 11. an immunoglobulin that is expressed on B cell surface
- 12. acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine, a constituent of certain bacteria, that can trigger Complement activation and acts as an opsonin
- 13. CD8+ T cells with the effector function of targeting and killing virally infected cells and tumor cells by apoptosis
- 14. a key transcription factor that is required to bind to the IL-2 promoter to cause IL-2 transcription
- 15. the regions of the antigen binding loops of Ig molecules, antibodies and T cell receptors that come into contact with antigen
- 18. a molecule that is recognized in native (original) structure by antibodies or B cell receptor, or a peptide that is presented by MHC molecules to T cell receptor
- 20. short DNA sequences flanking Ig and TCR V, D and J gene segments that serve as the binding sites for the RAG complex, allowing Ig and TCR gene rearrangement (somatic recombination)
- 22. a family of Pattern Recognition Receptors present on many leukocytes and epithelial cells that recognize PAMPs on pathogens and help initiate immune responses
- 23. end product of the Complement cascade that can kill pathogens directly by forming a pore in pathogen membrane leading to lysis
- 24. family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections; type 1 interferons include IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, as distinguished from IFN-gamma.
- 27. the Ag receptor on T cells