Across
- 1. A series of policy statements issued by the U.S. in 1899–1900 advocating equal trading rights for all nations in China and the preservation of China's territorial integrity.
- 6. A group formed in the U.S. in 1898 to oppose the annexation of the Philippines and other territories, arguing that imperialism was contrary to American democratic principles.
- 7. A U.S. law passed in 1900 that established civilian government in Puerto Rico, but did not grant full rights of U.S. citizenship to its inhabitants.
- 9. A Cuban poet, journalist, and revolutionary who fought for Cuban independence from Spain.
- 10. A violent uprising in China (1899-1901) aimed at expelling foreign influence, which led to intervention by foreign powers, including the U.S.
- 13. A letter written by Spanish Ambassador Enrique Dupuy de Lôme criticizing U.S. President McKinley, which fueled American anger leading to the Spanish-American War.
- 16. The treaty that ended the Spanish-American War, under which Spain ceded control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States.
- 18. A Spanish general whose harsh policies in Cuba, including concentration camps, provoked widespread condemnation and contributed to the start of the Spanish-American War.
- 19. The 1905 treaty, brokered by Theodore Roosevelt, that ended the Russo-Japanese War and earned Roosevelt the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 20. A U.S. naval officer and historian who advocated for a strong navy and sea power to support national greatness and expansion.
- 22. A Mexican revolutionary leader who conducted raids into the U.S. during the Mexican Revolution, prompting a military response from the U.S.
- 23. A U.S. foreign policy under President Taft that sought to extend American influence in Latin America and Asia through economic investments and loans.
- 24. Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy principle of negotiating peacefully while simultaneously showing military strength to deter threats.
- 25. An influential American newspaper publisher known for using sensationalism and exaggeration (yellow journalism) to influence public opinion, particularly during the Spanish-American War.
- 26. A U.S. Navy battleship that exploded in Havana Harbor in 1898, contributing to the outbreak of the Spanish-American War due to widespread belief that Spain was responsible.
Down
- 2. A Filipino revolutionary leader who fought against Spanish and later American colonization during the Philippine-American War.
- 3. A volunteer cavalry unit led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American War, famous for their charge up San Juan Hill.
- 4. A concept popularized by Rudyard Kipling's poem, suggesting that it was the duty of Western powers to civilize and uplift non-Western societies.
- 5. An amendment to the Cuban constitution that allowed the U.S. to intervene in Cuban affairs and established U.S. control over Guantanamo Bay.
- 8. An extension of the Monroe Doctrine by President Theodore Roosevelt, asserting the right of the U.S. to intervene in Latin American countries to maintain stability.
- 11. A style of sensationalized and exaggerated reporting used by newspapers to attract readers and influence public opinion, notably during the lead-up to the Spanish-American War.
- 12. The last sovereign monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, deposed in 1893 when the U.S. backed a coup to annex Hawaii.
- 14. A U.S. naval commander who achieved a decisive victory against the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay during the Spanish-American War.
- 15. A man-made waterway completed in 1914 that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, significantly reducing travel time for maritime trade.
- 17. The policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force, often to acquire territory or control resources.
- 21. A country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power, as Cuba was under U.S. influence following the Platt Amendment.