Across
- 1. An automated voice response system for exporters that enables license applicants to track the status of their license and classification applications with U.S. authorities.
- 3. Specific unit or dollar limits applied to a particular type of good by the country into which the good is imported.
- 6. A business custom (as in a foreign country) to which adaptation is helpful but not necessary.
- 9. A business custom (as in a foreign country) in which an outsider must not participate.
- 10. A type of transaction in which goods are imported and sold by a company from a country in exchange for the right or ability to manufacture and/or sell goods in that country.
- 11. A financing technique that may be used in an international transaction in which the seller makes a one-time arrangement with a bank or other financial institution to take over responsibility for collecting the account receivable.
- 13. A type of countertrade in which a seller receives payment in cash but agrees in a contract to buy goods from the buyer for the total monetary amount involved in the first transaction or for a set percentage of that amount; also known as offset trade.
- 14. The adoption or spread of products across markets by increasing numbers of consumers.
- 18. Third-country nationals; expatriates from one country working for a foreign company in a third country.
- 20. The process of bringing a local national back to his/her home country after an assignment abroad.
- 22. A method of translation, a variation on back translation, that is a successive process of translation and retranslation of a document, such as a questionnaire, each time by a different translator.
- 23. An export practice, generally prohibited by laws and subject to penalties and fines
- 24. An electronic service offered by the U.S. Department of Commerce as an alternative to paper license submissions that enables an exporter to submit export and reexport applications, high-performance computer notices, and commodity classifi cation requests via the Internet.
- 25. A fee or tax that countries impose on imported goods, often to protect a country’s markets from intrusion from foreign countries.
- 26. A method of pricing, generally used for foreign markets, in which a company seeks to reach a segment of the market that is relatively price insensitive and thus willing to pay a premium price for the value received.
Down
- 2. The process in which a dispute between parties is contested in a formal judicial setting; commonly instigated by a lawsuit asserting one party’s version of the facts.
- 4. Using oversimplified generalizations about groups (based on gender, age, race, etc.) as mental shortcuts to quickly convey messages, like showing women cleaning or men fixing cars.
- 5. The direct exchange of goods between two parties in a transaction.
- 7. A person living away from his or her own country.
- 8. An idea perceived as new by a group of people; when applied to a product, an innovation may be something completely new or something that is perceived as new in a given country or culture.
- 12. A low price policy directed at gaining market share from competitors.
- 13. An arrangement in which various companies producing similar products or services work together to control markets for the goods and services they produce.
- 15. A business custom (as in a foreign country) that must be recognized and accommodated.
- 16. The essential character of something, such as a good or service.
- 17. A trade agreement signed by the United States and 22 other countries shortly after World War II.
- 19. A form of licensing in which a company provides a standard package of products, systems, and management services to the franchisee.
- 21. The effort made by companies to create positive relationships with the popular press and general media and to communicate messages to their publics.