Across
- 2. testicular cells that produce androgens
- 5. this calcium -dependent movement of insulin granules out of the cell
- 7. this biomarker reflects average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months
- 9. abbreviation, precursor protein which is cleaved to produce ACTH and MSH
- 11. phosphorylation of these amino acid residues on IRS-1 leads to insulin resistance
- 12. Used as an indicator of renal function, very low value indicates kidney failure
- 13. insulin-producing cells are destroyed by this process in Type 1 diabetes
- 15. the ob/ob transgenic mouse is deficient in _____________
- 19. this syndrome is associated with insulin resistance, high triglycerides, central adiposity
- 20. ovarian cells that produce estrogens
- 21. leptin binds to these neurons to stimulate the release of this substance and create sense of satiety
- 24. adipose tissue is comprised of these cells
- 25. inflammation of renal glomeruli caused by antigen-antibody reaction within glomerular capillaries
- 26. Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease is associated with mutations in the gene for this protein
- 27. diabetic ___________ is the leading cause of blindness
- 31. having a large ________ size is associated with greater abdominal fat, and central adiposity
- 33. _________ kidney, two kidneys fused together, congenital anomaly
- 34. the leptin receptor is located in the pituitary, reproductive system and this central brain gland
- 35. enzyme that converts androgens to estrogens
- 36. abbreviation, transport protein that carries estrogens
- 37. one of the two major thyroid hormones
- 38. too much growth hormone, typically caused by pituitary tumor
- 39. endocrine gland located in brain
Down
- 1. this is one of the causes of pre-renal, acute kidney failure
- 3. this kinase is activated by physiological stressors associated with obesity, stress and inflammation
- 4. disease characterized by high ACTH, President JFK diagnosed with this disease
- 6. syndrome characterized by puffy face, caused by high doses of corticosteroids
- 8. individuals with Laron’s dwarfism have very low rates of this disease
- 10. this enzyme converts androgens to estrogens
- 14. this hormone stimulates differentiation of fat cells from multipotent stem cells
- 16. the insulin receptor phosphorylates targets on these amino acid residues
- 17. scientific name for kidney stones; renal _____________
- 18. this enzyme phosphorylates glucose in the glycolysis cycle to ultimately produce ATP
- 22. diabetic ____________ is associated with degeneration of peripheral nerves
- 23. enlargement of the thyroid gland
- 25. muscle cells express this transporter in their cell membrane to mediate glucose uptake
- 28. form of signaling that impacts neighbor cells
- 29. ________ tumor is a primitive cell tumor that may be caused by mutations in WT1
- 30. blood in urine
- 32. these cells secrete insulin
- 40. method for removing waste products such as potassium and urea, as well as free water from the blood