Across
- 4. — My poly(A) version adds the long adenine tail rather than copying it from DNA.
- 6. — DNA’s less stable, usually single-stranded working copy where U takes T’s seat.
- 8. — A regulatory DNA sequence whose name suggests the gene should quiet down.
- 9. — Eric says I’m relaxed; adding acetyl groups helps loosen DNA from histones.
- 13. — Acetylating me on a histone tail makes things “not so positive.”
- 14. — Around 23 nucleotides in, RNA polymerase is much less likely to slip off the DNA.
- 16. — I bind regulatory DNA and help turn transcription upward.
- 21. — Complementary RNA can fold back on itself into this structure and help make polymerase pause during Rho-independent termination.
- 23. — If an activator is the gas pedal, I’m much closer to the brake.
- 24. — By changing which pieces stay and which leave, one gene can contribute to different final RNAs.
- 25. — A prokaryotic termination factor with an interest in C-rich RNA.
- 28. — I survive splicing and remain in the final RNA.
- 31. — The polymerase has reached the starting site and the RNA chain finally begins.
- 33. — I’m attached to the 5′ end through the unusual 5′-to-5′ triphosphate linkage.
- 34. — Shortly after initiation, the newborn 5′ end receives a special guanine-containing tag.
- 35. — Eight histones make up my core while DNA wraps around me.
- 36. — Everyone is getting into position, but RNA synthesis has not actually started yet.
- 37. — +1: the position where the first nucleotide of the RNA transcript is made.
- 38. — RNA polymerase ignores me, yet the RNA sequence looks almost exactly like mine except U replaces T.
Down
- 1. — After the transcript receives its processing and is ready to carry the protein-making message, Eric now calls it this.
- 2. — About 200 A’s are added to the 3′ end without being copied from the DNA template.
- 3. — The polymerase started, slipped off too soon, and left a short transcript behind.
- 5. — What Eric calls the short RNA products released when initiation fails.
- 7. — A repetitive core-promoter element sitting roughly 25 bases upstream of where transcription begins.
- 9. — I undo HAT’s work and encourage chromatin to tighten back up.
- 10. — Rho’s antibiotic enemy; inhibit the termination factor and bacterial transcription suffers.
- 11. — I may be far away in the sequence, but looping DNA can bring my influence close to the promoter.
- 12. — Thymine’s replacement once the message becomes RNA.
- 15. — Despite not being called “coding,” I’m the DNA strand RNA polymerase actually reads.
- 17. — My name gives away my favourite promoter sequence, and I can bend DNA when I bind it.
- 18. — A signal tells RNA polymerase that its transcript has reached the end.
- 19. — Keeping the 2′ OH makes me more reactive than my deoxy cousin.
- 20. — Positively charged protein that DNA’s negative backbone is rather attracted to.
- 22. — A region before the gene where the transcription machinery gets organized.
- 26. — Pronounced “T-F-two-D”; one of the first transcription-factor complexes to arrive at the core promoter.
- 27. — Promoter successfully escaped; now keep adding complementary bases to reach full transcript length.
- 29. — A temporarily unwound region of DNA that allows transcription to occur.
- 30. — My definition depends on my fate: if splicing removes me, this is what I am.
- 32. — The original DNA stays put while an RNA copy of its information is produced.