Across
- 2. The national language.
- 8. The driving out of Muslim Moors from Spain by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.
- 9. A method of discovering knowledge about the natural world based in making predictions, testing them, and developing theories that best explain them.
- 12. A period of new ideas about nature, art, science, language, and learning.
- 14. A journey completely around the world by sea.
- 16. A controversial challenge to a system of beliefs -- especially religion.
- 17. Native to a place.
- 18. A contract written in 1215 which gave people more freedoms.
- 19. A Roman Catholic belief that pardons someone from punishment for their sins in purgatory.
- 20. Holy wars declared against the Turks in order to retake the city of Jerusalem.
Down
- 1. The movement of people, animals, plants, ideas, and diseases between Europe and the Americas.
- 3. Trade associations.
- 4. A Spanish system of colonization.
- 5. Martin Luther's followers who protested against the Catholic Church.
- 6. The ideas of Martin Luther spread across Europe and caused changes in church policy.
- 7. A mid-sized sturdy wooden sail boat which is capable of withstanding ocean conditions at fast speeds for long periods of time.
- 10. An instrument used by sailors which measured star patterns to help sailors navigate on the open sea.
- 11. A fleet of many warships.
- 13. Armored cavalry soldiers.
- 14. The process of establishing a permanent settlement.
- 15. Explorers who entered the new world to gain glory, search for new sources of gold, and spread Catholicism.