Across
- 6. The collection of raw data outside a laboratory, library, or workplace setting; traditionally considered a rite of passage in geography
- 8. A computer system used for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth's surface(abbr.)
- 9. The process of assigning numbers or labels to observations, a fundamental step in quantitative research
- 11. Often contrasted with "place," this concept refers to an abstract, geometric container where phenomena occur
- 13. A set of interrelated components functioning as a complex whole (e.g., an ecosystem or an urban transport network)
- 15. A proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation
- 16. The philosophical system heavily influencing the Quantitative Revolution, recognizing only scientifically verifiable or logical proof
- 18. The _______ Revolution: A major disciplinary shift in the 1950s and 60s towards statistical methods and mathematical modeling
- 19. Cultural _______: The visible imprint of human activity on the natural environment, a concept popularized by Carl Sauer
- 20. A simplified or idealized representation of reality used to simulate processes or predict spatial outcomes
- 21. A logical process of reasoning that moves from specific observations to broader generalizations and theories
- 22. An area defined by one or more distinctive characteristics, serving as a central object of study in traditional geography
Down
- 1. A traditional geographic perspective defining the discipline as the study of areal differentiation and relationships between regions
- 2. Research methods focusing on in-depth understanding rather than measurements, often using texts, images, and observations
- 3. A philosophical method used in humanistic geography to explore how individuals experience the world directly and subjectively
- 4. The art and science of graphically representing a geographical area, traditionally the primary tool of the geographer
- 5. A logical process of reasoning that starts with a general theory and moves to specific hypotheses to be tested
- 7. A school of thought emphasizing human agency, creativity, and subjective experience over statistical aggregates
- 10. Environmental _______: The theory stating that the physical environment strictly controls human culture and development
- 12. The theory suggesting that while the environment sets limits, humans have the power to choose between different courses of action
- 14. Participant _______: A methodology where the researcher immerses themselves in a community to collect data through watching and listening
- 17. A specific location imbued with human meaning, memory, and emotional attachment