Across
- 1. T cells that kill target cells in an antigen-specific manner
- 3. later interactions with the same foreign substance; faster and more effective due to "memory"
- 5. amoeboid cells that roam connective tissue and engulf foreign particles and debris of dead cells.
- 8. during development, T and B cells that recognize "self" antigens are deleted
- 10. immunity or resistance to a specific pathogen
- 11. the first manipulation of the adaptive immune system, injection of a weakened or mild form of a pathogen to produce immunity
- 12. proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes
- 14. specific immunity produced by B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids
- 15. protein on T-cell that binds MHC-II
- 18. antigens that can stimulate antibody production only with help from T helper cells
- 19. destroys T cells that don't recognize self-molecules of MHC
- 21. antibody function in which the action of a toxin or attachment of a pathogen is blocked
- 25. immunoglobulin D
- 27. serum fraction containing antibodies
- 29. antibody attached to target cell cause destruction by macrophages, eosinophils, and natural killer cells
- 32. cells manufactured in the bone marrow that create antibodies for isolating and destroying invading bacteria and viruses.
- 33. a protein, released by killer cells of the immune system, that destroys targeted cells by creating lesions like pores in their membranes.
- 34. an immune response in which the binding of antibodies to the surface of a microbe facilitates phagocytosis of the the microbe by a macrophage
- 36. cells that develop from B cells and produce antibodies
- 39. certain-shaped regions of an antigen molecule that stimulate immune responses
- 41. genes encode molecules on the cell surface (these classes are like "name tags" so immune system can identify good/bad cells. these classes keep immune system in check so it doesn't go too crazy)
- 44. clumping of microorganisms or blood cells, typically due to an antigen-antibody interaction.
- 45. immune response that relies on T cells to destroy infected body cells
- 47. T cells that are stimulated by antigen to provide signals that promote immune responses
- 50. gland in the thoracic cavity above the heart where T lymphocytes mature.
- 51. B lymphocytes that do not become plasma cells but remain dormant until reactivated by the same antigen.
- 52. the portion of an antibody that binds to an antigen
- 54. the study of antigen-antibody reactions
- 55. blood serum that contains specific antibodies
- 57. antigens produced by microbes that multiply inside the cells of the body
- 59. control stem cells that develop into red and white blood cells
- 62. collections of lymphatic tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine
- 63. attracted to an exact match
Down
- 2. causes membrane attack complexes to form pores in the cell membrane
- 4. chemical substance produced by certain cells that initiates, inhibits, increases, or decreases activity in other cells
- 6. first time the immune system combats a particular foreign substance
- 7. the relative amount of antibody in the serum
- 9. transport microbial antigens from gut lumen to underlying lymphoid tissue
- 10. foreign substances that trigger the attack of antibodies in the immune response.
- 13. macrophages stimulated by ingesting Ag or by cytokines
- 16. nonspecific immune cells that attack cells not presenting MHC molecules
- 17. antigen that requires a TH cell to produce antibodies
- 20. the principal APCs
- 22. immunoglobulin M
- 23. forms when antibodies bind to antigens
- 24. an organ in chickens responsible for maturation of the immune system
- 26. antiviral proteins secreted by T cells
- 28. immunoglobulin E
- 30. antigenic molecules select or bind to specific B or T lymphocytes, activating them; the B cells then differentiate into plasma cells and memory cells
- 31. Tc cells that have been activated to destroy infected or foreign cells
- 35. a potentially fatal immune reaction caused by highly elevated levels of various cytokines
- 37. an attraction to
- 38. specific immunity produced by T lymphocytes that recognize antigenic peptides processed by phagocytic cells
- 40. immunoglobulin A
- 42. dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells
- 43. antigens too small to provoke immune responses; attach to carrier molecules
- 46. regulate the immune response to avoid attacking "self"
- 48. chemical secreted by blood vessel endothelium and monocytes during an immune response to attract phagocytes to an area
- 49. small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
- 52. proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body
- 53. molecules on T cells that recognize antigens
- 56. programmed cell death, "a-po-tosis"
- 58. cells created in the thymus that produce substances that attack infected cells in the body.
- 60. immunoglobulin G
- 61. protein on T-cell that binds MHC-I