Across
- 2. a distinct territorial or cultural area that is within a foreign territory
- 3. a cooperative settlement of small individual farms in Israel
- 4. in Islam, a house of worship
- 7. a large temple built by the Sumerians
- 8. a natural mineral containing chemical compounds often used in fertilizer
- 12. territory ruled by an Arab tribal leader
- 14. an underground canal first built by the ancient Persians
- 16. rich soil made up of sand and mud deposited by running water
- 19. process in which arable land becomes desert
- 22. Islamic guerilla fighters
- 23. a member of a wandering pastoral people
- 24. a northwesterly wind in the Persian Gulf area
Down
- 1. member of the nomadic desert peoples of North Africa and Southwest Asia
- 5. grazing so heavily that the vegetation is damaged and the ground erodes
- 6. the raising of animals for food and other products
- 9. an ethnic group without a formal country
- 10. an ancient writing system used in Egypt in which pictures and symbols represent words or sounds
- 11. a communal farm or settlement in Israel
- 13. in Islam, the yearly pilgrimage to Makkah that Muslims must make at least once in a lifetime
- 15. to adapt plants and animals from the wild for human use
- 17. in the desert, a streambed that is dry except during a heavy rain
- 18. a system of writing using wedge-shaped symbols that were pressed into clay tablets
- 20. Islamic law derived from the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad
- 21. hearth a center in which cultures develop and from which they are spread