Across
- 3. When tumors release cytokines and chemokines, this occurs which can release the risk for cancer. It does not appear to protect against tumors.
- 4. A type of tumor suppressor gene that can become inactivated by genetic changes and therefore increase the chance of cancer.
- 5. These are antigens that are shared by both normal tissue and tumors.
- 8. Invasive tumors that causes various degrees of anaplasia and rapid growth
- 10. Cancer infected patients show signs of weight loss, anorexia, and weakened state of body
- 12. Tumor cells are spread via direct contact from one infected individual to the other.
- 16. Cancers of normal mature tissue that are located an an abnormal site of the body
- 18. Nonneoplastic supporting structure that consists of proteins and glycoproteins that make up the extracellular matrix
- 21. Activated proto-oncogenes caused by overexpression or mutation which drives proliferation and therefore tumor cells.
- 23. This type of immunotherapy is when antibodies are introduced into a patient that efficiently identify and kill tumors
- 24. A type of tumor-stromal interaction that stimulates fibroblasts to increase the production of collagen
- 25. Mesenchymal tumors arise from cells of mesodermal origin and a malignant tumor is called
- 26. This stage of tumor invasion and metastasis involves the exiting of tumor cells from either blood or lymphatic vessel
Down
- 1. Factors from the outside environment that cause cancer by interacting with DNA such as radiation and chemicals
- 2. This type of DNA methylation causes gene activation and is very common in cancer cells.
- 6. Malignant tumors of this origin are called carcinomas and adenocarcinomas (glandular growth pattern)
- 7. Cells revert from a differentiated stage to a more primitive simple stage.
- 9. The immune system's defense against tumor cells. It identifies and kills foreign cells by targeting self-antigens on tumor cells.
- 11. The process of cancer cells spreading from their original state of origin to other parts of the body.
- 12. This stage of the TNM system determines the size of the primary tumor.
- 13. The addition of a methyl group to DNA that is essential for regulating gene expression in normal cells
- 14. These are normal cellular genes that regulate cell growth and differentiation.
- 15. This is determined by tumor type, grade, stage, and completion of excision
- 17. This stage of tumor invasion and metastasis involves detachment of tumor cells with penetration of the basement membrane and enters into the extracellular matrix
- 19. A type of DNA mutation that has an abnormal numbers of chromosomes
- 20. Tumor antigens do not cause an immune response due to the body already previously being exposed and "tolerized" and is called
- 22. Tumor cells need to do this from the primary tumor mass first to initiate metastasis.
- 23. This stage of neoplastic transformation consists of a benign tumor turning into a malignant one due to genetic and epigenetic changes