Across
- 3. the layer of the earth between the crust and the core, broken up into 3 distinct parts: rigid (upper) mantle , asthenosphere and rigid (lower) mantle
- 6. An underwater mountain chain where new ocean floor is formed, found at DIVERGENT boundaries
- 8. A rigid layer made up of the rigid, uppermost part of the mantle and the crust.
- 9. an instrument that records earthquake waves in the from of a seismogram
- 11. formed at a divergent boundary on continental crust- could lead to the formation of new oceans
- 12. potentially giant wave caused by an underwater earthquake, submarine landslide, or other disturbance.
- 14. The theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle.
- 15. Liquid layer of the core: molten iron and nickel. Movement in this layer combined with the Coriolis effect creates Earth's magnetic fields.
- 18. A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth- solid due to the crazy high pressure levels.
- 21. where two plates are moving apart, magma comes up to create new crust- convection currents are moving away from each other
- 23. amount of time between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave at a given location
- 24. underground location where an earthquake originates (occurs)
- 25. time it takes a seismic wave to get from the epicenter to a given location
- 26. A narrow, deep trough parallel to an CONVERGENT oceanic and continental plate boundary .
- 28. A plate boundary where two plates move or slide past each other in opposite directions- San Andreas Fault is a famous one
- 30. all waves of energy released from an earthquakes focus and traveling outward in all directions
- 32. The vibrations and shaking of earth's crust caused by the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface.
- 33. the process by which new oceanic crust forms along a mid-ocean ridge and older oceanic crust moves away from the ridge- rocks on opposite sides are mirror images of each other- sharing the same age and magnetic polarity
- 34. a volcanically active area of Earth's surface, often far from a tectonic plate boundary- Example: the Hawaiian Islands
Down
- 1. faster moving, seismic waves that can travel through liquids, solids and gasses
- 2. The felsic (granite) crust that is found under the continents: thicker and less dense than the oceanic crust
- 4. Polarity Patterns Magnetic minerals line up with Earth's magnetic poles when new ocean crust is formed, creating a mirror record of Earth's polarity changes on either side of a mid-ocean ridge
- 5. occurs as less dense, hotter material rises from within the mantle and cooler, more dense material sinks in a continuous cycle, thought out the asthenosphere
- 7. The idea that continents have moved and are still moving slowly across the Earth's surface- provided the basis for the Theory of Plate Tectonics
- 10. Distance of a given location from the epicenter of an Earthquake
- 13. Measure of the energy released during an earthquake
- 16. A tectonic plate boundary where two plates collide, come together, or crash into each other causing the destruction of crust, convection currents are coming together and sinking here
- 17. The mafic (basalt) crust is found under the oceans : thinner and more dense than the continental crust
- 19. A vent in the Earth's surface through which magma and gases erupt
- 20. the plastic-like layer of the mantle below the lithosphere where convection occurs (this layer is the reason we have plate tectonics)
- 22. Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus
- 27. slower moving seismic waves that can only travel through solids (absorbed by liquid)
- 29. The time a P or S wave gets to another location after an earthquake occurs (clock time)
- 31. Area on Earth's surface where NO seismic waves are detected during an Earthquake