Across
- 2. a method of marketing research which presents two carefully controlled alternatives to subjects in order to determine which has better results.
- 4. activities and materials designed to reinforce a company's brand and image.
- 6. the reasons consumers decide what products and services to purchase.
- 9. a person or organization that is being communicated to by another person or organization.
- 11. the availability of a service to match the demand for that service at a specific time.
- 14. direct, individualized communication with prospective customers to assess their needs and assist them in satisfying those needs.
- 15. non-paid promotional communication presented by the media rather than by the business or organization that is being promoted.
- 17. finding solutions to problems through carefully designed studies involving customers.
- 24. an ongoing program of non-paid and paid communications intended to favorably influence public opinion about an organization.
- 27. characterized by the differences in the type and quality of service provided.
- 29. designing, developing, maintaining, improving, and acquiring products and services that meet consumer needs.
- 30. money customer must pay for a product or service.
- 32. of distribution a channel in which products move from the producer to the consumer through one or more other businesses.
- 35. setting and communicating the value of products and services.
- 36. studies carried out to gather new information specifically directed at a current problem.
- 39. the locations and methods used to make a product or service available to the target market.
- 40. everything a business offers to satisfy a customer's needs.
- 41. the amount of money available to the business after all costs and expenses have been paid.
- 43. the specific sequence of steps consumers follow to make a purchase.
- 47. a marketing research study that gathers the ideas, experiences, and opinions from a small number of consumers who take part in a group discussion.
- 48. a response to the sender from the receiver.
- 51. reasons consumers decide what products and services to purchase based on feelings, beliefs, and attitudes.
- 52. something that is consumed at the same time it is produced.
- 53. obtaining the necessary funds needed for operations, and providing financial assistance to customers.
- 55. a channel in which products move from the producer straight to the consumer with no other organizations participating.
- 56. a reduction from the original selling price.
- 57. communication to many people at the same time with a common message.
- 59. the route a product follows and the businesses involved in moving a product from the producer to the final consumer.
- 61. visual signals used to communicate information in a retail setting.
- 62. the difference between the selling price and the product costs.
- 63. persons, companies, and organizations that buy products for the operation of a business.
- 65. a person or organization that has information to communicate to another person or organization.
- 66. a specific group of customers that have similar wants and needs.
- 67. a marketing research study that collects information by recording the actions of consumers rather than asking them questions.
- 68. interpreting information for understanding.
Down
- 1. persons who buy products and services mostly for their own use.
- 3. the exchange of information so there is common understanding by all participants.
- 5. communication directly with each customer using information tailored to that person.
- 7. the price paid by the customer for the product.
- 8. a device used by retailers to exhibit a product at the point of sale.
- 10. the blending of four marketing elements? products, distribution, price, and promotion.
- 12. a unique identification for a company's products.
- 13. a set of promotional activities designed to obtain sales in the retail setting.
- 16. a company's plan that identifies how it will use marketing to achieve its goals.
- 18. communicating directly with potential customers to determine and satisfy their needs.
- 19. ownership of goods.
- 20. additions and improvements to the basic product.
- 21. the simplest form of a product. It is not unique and is usually available from several companies.
- 22. protection and security for the product before it is used.
- 23. any paid form of communication through mass media directed at identified consumers to provide information and influence their actions.
- 25. intermediaries between manufacturers and retailers.
- 26. choices of product features.
- 28. obtaining, managing, and using market information to improve business decision- making.
- 31. all of the expenses of operating the business that are associated with the product.
- 33. the final business organization in an indirect channel of distribution for consumer products.
- 34. any form of communication used to inform, persuade, or remind
- 37. analyzing existing information gathered for another purpose but used to solve a current problem.
- 38. costs to the manufacturer of producing the product or the price paid by other businesses to buy the product.
- 42. The activity for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.
- 44. preparing the information to be communicated.
- 45. something that has no physical form.
- 46. buying-motives reasons consumers decide what products and services to purchase based on facts and logic.
- 49. an approach that considers the needs of customers when developing a marketing mix.
- 50. the way the information being communicated from a sender is being transmitted to the receiver.
- 54. businesses that take part in a channel of distribution.
- 58. activities provided for the satisfaction of others that are consumed at the same time they are produced.
- 60. a marketing research study that gathers information from people using a carefully planned set of questions.
- 64. the amount added to the cost of a product to set the selling price.