Across
- 2. the intensity of a sound wave (loudness)
- 4. these neurons fire when an object moves relative to its background
- 6. type of receptor cells that are involved in both visual acuity & color vision
- 9. theory that states that we perceive any given color due to the ratio of activity across the three types of cones
- 12. a drug that has no pharmacological effects but often relieve pain due to the power of belief
- 16. a set of receptors located near, but separate from, the olfactory receptors
- 21. type of cell in the retina that receives input directly from the receptors
- 24. structures on the tongue that contain receptor cells
- 25. an opening in the center of the eye in which light enters
- 28. therory that states that we perceive color in terms of paired opposites
- 33. types of neurons that have small receptive fields & respond best to visual details and color, located in or near the fovea
- 34. a blurring of lines in one direction; this disorder is caused by an asymmetric curvature of the eyes
- 36. the combination of taste and smell
- 38. adjustable part of the eye
- 39. type of cell that send inhibitory messages, which stop the retina from sending messages to the brain
- 40. these neurons only respond when the whole visual scene expands, contracts, or rotates
- 42. non-adjustable part of the eye
- 43. a protein substance that causes inflammation
Down
- 1. the ability to respond in some way to visual information after extensive damage to area v1
- 3. a nerve that is made up of ganglion cell axons and sends messages to the brain
- 4. a condition that may result from damage to the inferior temporal cortex; it involves an inability to recognize objects despite otherwise satisfactory vision (cannot label objects)
- 5. the rear surface of the eye which is lined with visual receptor cells
- 7. small rounded projections on the tongue that contain taste buds within the grooves
- 8. the reduction of activity in one neuron by activity in neighboring neurons
- 10. types of cells that are important for complex processing & refine information that is sent to ganglion cells
- 11. a band of tissue that gives eyes their color
- 13. types of neurons that are small but are found throughout the retina and respond to many types of stimuli
- 14. the number of compressions per second of a sound, measured in hertz; pitch
- 15. a tiny area of the retina specialized for acute, detailed vision
- 17. types of neurons that have larger receptive fields & respond best to moving stimuli, evenly dispersed throughout the retina
- 18. tone deafness; impairment in detecting small changes in frequency in sound
- 19. motion blindness
- 20. the sense of smell
- 22. theory that states that the spinal cord receives messages from pain receptors but also input from touch receptors and from axons descending from the brain
- 23. strong pain causes the release of this neurotransmitter
- 26. mild pain causes the release of this neurotransmitter
- 27. the result of stimulation of taste buds
- 29. a condition where the effected individual cannot identify the person (fusiform gyrus is damaged)
- 30. expectation of harm actually causes feelings of pain, discomfort, or sickness
- 31. chemicals released by an animal that affect the behavior of other members of the same species, especially sexually
- 32. area where axons from each eye cross to the opposite side of the brain
- 35. type of receptor cells that exist in the periphery of the retina & is involved in both peripheral & night vision
- 37. the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye because it has no visual receptors
- 41. theory that states that the cortex compares the responses from different parts of the retina to determine the brightness of color