Across
- 3. Suckling stimulates hypothalamus which up-regulates oxytocin which in turn activates contraction of _____________ cells.
- 4. Colonial animals that can regenerate and grow from clusters of blood cells aggregated on patches of epithelial cells.
- 6. The intestinal stem cell produces all four types of cells found in the small intestine by the notch/delta mechanism with _____ cells expressing notch and secreting cells expressing delta.
- 8. Expressed by differentiated cells in the villus keeping them out of the crypt.
- 10. Large clusters of cells without cytokinesis.
- 13. This normally quiescent cell type resides on the same side of the basement membrane as skeletal muscle cells, expresses a muscle cadherin, and produces myoblast progenitors after extensive exercise.
- 15. An animal that can produce all cell types from three types of stem cells.
- 16. Can produce one cell type.
- 17. Epithelial stem cells have high _______ levels and low keratin levels.
- 18. A difusable factor secreted by muscle that represses myoblast proliferation.
- 19. Marks the ends of DNA chopped up by caspases reflecting cells undergoing apoptosis.
- 21. The result of environmental or divisional asymmetry during stem cell self-renewal.
- 23. Keratin is a marker for ______ as cells become more rigid and “skin-like”
- 26. The process by which a precursor cell acquires its final specialized characteristics and stops dividing.
- 29. Localized environment that maintains stem cells.
- 33. A process that regulates growth, physiological adaptation, and regeneration.
- 37. The use of vital dyes and labeled grafts to follow the progress of daughter cells.
- 38. The ___ pathway works in conjunction with hedgehog to promote proliferation in the intestinal crypt.
- 39. More differentiated epithial cells exhibit higher ______ levels and low integrin levels.
- 40. These fibers increase in size in muscles as training is done while the number is unchanged.
Down
- 1. Ability for cells to recover original form after injury.
- 2. Visualization method that utilizes bromo-deoxyuridine to label newly synthesized DNA and cells passing through the S-phase.
- 5. Three criteria: not terminally differentiated, capable of unlimited division, and is self-renewing.
- 7. The sorting of cells based on measure of immunofluorescence (fluorescent-antibodies) and charge. Capable of determining amount of protein present in a sample.
- 9. Movement of a cluster of cells to another region to observe the effect on cell proliferation.
- 11. Region of intestine that collects nutrients through terminally differentiated cells.
- 12. Region of intestinal epithelium in which cell proliferation occurs.
- 14. Expressed by proliferative and Paneth cells to keep them within the crypt.
- 20. Responsible for the production of both secretory epithelial and myoepithelial cells.
- 22. Cells that divide a limited number of times and are progressing towards terminal differentiation (aka transit-amplifying cells).
- 24. These cells increase in number in muscles as training is done.
- 25. Cells near the basal lamina exhibit _____ levels of integrin; cells have tighter bonds through cadherin junctions.
- 27. Growth factor responsible for mammary gland apoptosis, introduced after nine hours of no suckling.
- 28. Can produce all embryonic/adult cells and extra-embryonic cell types.
- 30. Differentiated cells present at the bottom of the intestinal crypt.
- 31. Can produce a subset of related cell types.
- 32. These transgenes can be used to drive multiple fluorescent protiens to allow lineage analysis
- 34. Visualization method that uses antibodies to reveal the location of proteins in cells
- 35. This cell type consists of secretory cells.
- 36. Can produce all embryonic/adult cells.
- 41. Is restricted to the villus and is activated by Wnt and hedgehog to inhibit the expression of both.