Across
- 2. Italian sailor hired by Spain; searched for route to India (two words)
- 8. English mathematician and physicist; developed calculus, law of gravitation, three laws of motion (three words)
- 9. Jacques Cartier was an explorer from this country.
- 11. pope who sold indulgences; condemned Martin Luther as outlaw; excommunicated him from church (write name and Roman numeral)
- 12. member of de Medici family who gave patronage to da Vinci and Michaelangelo (first name only)
- 15. Bartolomeu Dias was a _____ explorer who discovered how to sail around the southern tip of Africa into the Indian Ocean.
- 18. Leonardo da Vinci is the best example of a _____ man; and for painting "The Last Supper" and "Mona Lisa".
- 21. translated the Bible into English which led to his arrest (two words)
- 22. discovered the Mississippi River (vital North American river) (three words)
- 23. family who controlled Florence for three centuries during the Renaissance
- 24. Cosimo de Medici was from Florence, _____, and responsible for it becoming a powerful city-state.
- 25. Montezuma was a powerful _____ monarch who fell to the Spanish.
- 26. Martin Luther wrote this book attacking church practices, saying the only path to religious truth is the Bible. (Write numerals and word.)
- 27. Hernan Cortes led the conquest of Aztec Mexico for _____.
- 30. one of greatest Mayan kings; ruled Palenque for nearly seven decades (write name and Roman numerals)
- 31. launched series of military campaigns that built a large empire
- 33. Mary I was known as "_____" (two words) for burning non-Catholics at the stake for heresy.
- 34. Desiderius Erasmus was a Dutch _____ and theologian whose criticisms of the church led to the Reformation.
- 35. navigator; Portuguese prince; led extensive efforts to promote sailing/navigation in 14th century
- 36. scientist who developed the modern scientific method (two words)
- 38. Thomas Aquinas was an Italian _____ who believed reason did not disprove God, and people could be religious and scientific.
- 39. Italian Renaissance artist who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel (two words)
Down
- 1. English Renaissance writer and playwright; originated hundreds of words/phrases that English speakers still use today (two words)
- 3. Francis Bacon came up with the foundation for the _____. (two words)
- 4. Ignatius of Loyola was the founder of the _____ and pushed for universities, education, and human rights.
- 5. Vasco da Gama was first to sail around the southern tip of Africa; opening up a water route to _____ of the Indies.
- 6. Johannes Guttenberg invented the moveable type _____ in Europe. (two words)
- 7. proved earth moved in elliptical orbit
- 10. This country is named after Amerigo Vespucci.
- 13. first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe (two words)
- 14. founder of Church of England; had six wives; brought Protestantism to England (write name and Roman numerals)
- 16. Elizabeth I led England into a _____ of trade, art, and government. (two words)
- 17. Nicolas Copernicus concluded the _____ is the center of the solar system.
- 19. Henry Hudson explored and named an area New Netherlands which is present-day _____. (two words)
- 20. religious reformer who believed in predestination and strict sense of morality for society (two words)
- 28. Bartolome de Las Casas devoted most of his life to protecting _____ from exploitation and slavery. (two words)
- 29. Portuguese navigator who led expedition to circumnavigate world; died before entire journey was completed (two words)
- 32. brothers thought to be Mayan ancestors (two words)
- 37. Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish explorer who founded the city of _____.