Across
- 4. Nordic god of thunder and lightening, equipped with a magical hammer
- 5. Danish monarch who converted to Christianity in exchange for land at Normandy
- 7. lesser lords sworn in oblige to greater lords, including knights and small landholders
- 12. crowned "Emperor of the Romans" on Christmas Day, AD 800
- 15. Anglo-Saxon king who preserved Wessex via Danegeld and a strong navy
- 16. Bede-trained tutor, counselor and scribe for the Franks' Palace School
- 18. nephew of Otto who revived Frankish monarchy following Carolingian decline
- 19. heavily hierarchal and localized social-political system of the medieval period
- 20. "ones who came from the fjords", first Europeans to reach America, c. 1000
Down
- 1. crowned as the first "Holy Roman Emperor" by Pope John XII in AD 962
- 2. pious monarch who welcomed Benedictine efforts to reform Frankish rule
- 3. initiation ceremony which included a "holy kiss" in sealing the pledge
- 6. "peace of God", with Truega Dei it was a Church strategy to limit feudal violence
- 8. Rhineland capital of the Franks also known as Aix-la-Chapelle
- 9. Ural raiders who invaded eastern Europe, settling in Hungary
- 10. site of 843 treaty that divided the Frankish kingdom into three estates
- 11. first Carolingian monarch, donated lands to Church following victories over the Lombards
- 13. eldest son who received Carolingian "Middle Kingdom" that included capital at Aix-la-Chapelle
- 14. surname awarded to Charles, Mayor of the Parisian Palace following his great victory at Tours
- 17. peasant workforce of the medieval world, not slaves per se, yet bound to lord's estate