Across
- 6. The agricultural process of cultivating, managing, and harvesting plants for food, fiber, biofuel, and other commercial uses.
- 8. The methods used to cultivate land and raise livestock, broadly divided into high-input industrialized (commercial) farming and low-input subsistence farming.
- 11. The direct manipulation of an organism's DNA using biotechnology to introduce desirable traits, such as pest resistance, disease resistance, or drought tolerance.
- 12. The mass movement of human populations from rural areas to urban centers, leading to the physical growth of cities, expanded impervious surfaces, and altered land use.
- 14. The practice of setting aside natural lands and resources to protect them entirely from human exploitation, extraction, or environmental alteration.
- 15. Farming practices designed to meet current food and fiber needs without compromising soil health, biodiversity, natural resources, or future generations.
- 16. The artificial application of water to land or soil to assist in growing crops using techniques such as drip, flood, furrow, or center-pivot spray systems.
- 17. A multi-faceted pest control strategy combining biological, cultural, physical, and targeted chemical tactics to minimize crop damage while reducing reliance on synthetic pesticides.
- 18. Actions taken to prevent, reduce, or offset the severity of environmental impacts, habitat destruction, or greenhouse gas emissions caused by human activities.
Down
- 1. The growing economic, technological, and cultural integration of world nations, leading to increased international trade, global resource consumption, and transboundary environmental impacts.
- 2. The process of cleaning up, neutralizing, or removing chemical contaminants and pollutants from polluted soil, groundwater, or surface water.
- 3. The commercial farming and harvesting of aquatic organisms, including fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants, in controlled freshwater or marine environments.
- 4. The active ecological process of assisting the recovery and rehabilitation of a degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystem to its natural structure and function.
- 5. Excessive grazing by livestock on vegetation without sufficient recovery time, resulting in soil compaction, loss of plant cover, and accelerated soil erosion.
- 7. The essential amounts of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals) needed to sustain human health, growth, and metabolic functions.
- 9. The permanent clearing or removal of forests for agriculture, urban development, or timber extraction, leading to habitat loss, reduced carbon sequestration, and soil erosion.
- 10. The process by which fertile, semi-arid, or dry lands become increasingly arid and desert-like due to climate change, deforestation, overgrazing, and poor land management.
- 13. A 20th-century agricultural movement that dramatically increased global crop yields through high-yielding crop varieties, synthetic fertilizers, chemical pesticides, and expanded irrigation.