Across
- 4. huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain
- 6. formed when magma forces itself across rock layers and hardens
- 8. lava flows out gradually building a wide, gently sloping mountain
- 10. Formed when groundwater is heated by a nearby body of magma or hot rock and eventually rises to the surface to collect in a natural pool
- 11. molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases and water from the mantle
- 15. forms when magma hardens in a volcano’s pipe; softer rock around pipe wears away exposing hard rock
- 16. pocket where magma collects
- 18. unlikely to erupt again
- 19. has erupted, currently erupting, or has potential to erupt
- 20. area where material from deep within the mantle rises then melts, forming magma; a volcano forms above a hot spot when magma erupts through the crust
- 22. has magma high in silica with trapped gases building up pressure until they explode with incredible force
- 24. formed when magma squeezes between horizontal layers of rock
- 26. Occurs when magma, a few kilometers, beneath Earth’s surface, heats underground water and forms hot springs, geysers
- 27. slower moving, cooler lava
- 28. Fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground when buildup of pressure is released
- 30. Weak spot in earth’s crust where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface
- 31. fast moving hot lava
Down
- 1. magma has low silica content, flows easily and erupts quietly with gases bubbling out gently and lava oozing quietly producing both
- 2. Water heated by magma can provide an energy source
- 3. an eruption that hurls out ash, cinders and magma bombs
- 4. tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash
- 5. Major belt formed by many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean
- 7. string of islands created by volcanoes near boundaries where two oceanic plates collide, and one sinks beneath the other
- 9. not active, but may become active
- 12. high, level area that has been built up over time from lava seeping out of several cracks then traveling a distance before cooling and solidifying
- 13. forms when an uplift pushes a batholith or smaller body of hardened magma toward the surface
- 14. bowl shaped area around central vent
- 17. mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust
- 21. smaller openings where magma leaves volcano
- 23. when magma reaches Earth’s surface it is called
- 25. lava has high viscosity it produces ash, cinders and bombs which all build up around the vent in a steep, cone-shaped hill
- 29. tube that connects to magma chamber to Earth's surface