Across
- 4. refers to the ability of a speaker to observe and evaluate their own speech in real time or after speaking
- 6. Smiling, raising eyebrows, or tilting the head to show interest
- 9. refers to the non-verbal elements of communication that accompany speech and help convey meaning, emotion, and emphasis
- 12. refers to the process in which a speaker generates and organizes ideas before expressing them verbally
- 13. in speaking refers to a learner's ability to produce speech effortlessly and fluently without consciously thinking about language rules, vocabulary, or pronunciation
- 15. in speaking refers to a learner's ability to express ideas smoothly, naturally, and with minimal hesitation
- 16. Thumbs-up, slight hand movements to indicate “go on
- 17. in speaking refers to verbal and non-verbal cues that a listener uses to show engagement, understanding, or encouragement while another person is speaking
Down
- 1. Producing individual sounds (phonemes) correctly
- 2. refers to the process of correcting speech errors once they are noticed, either by the speaker (self-repair)
- 3. The rise and fall of pitch to indicate questions, statements, emotions, or emphasis
- 5. in teaching speaking refers to the physical process of producing spoken language, where learners use their speech organs
- 7. emphasizes correct grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary use
- 8. Mimic native speakers' pronunciation and intonation
- 10. Ensuring speech is understandable to listeners
- 11. Shows agreement or understanding
- 14. in teaching speaking refers to the stage where a speaker converts their conceptualized ideas into linguistic structures, including words, phrases, and sentences