immunity Crossword Puzzles
Pathogens and Immunity 2020-11-09
Across
- bacterial infection in the stomach
- body's natural defense system in physical level
- common viral disease that leads to coughing and runny nose
- ...contact will transmit disease through physical or blood contact
- body's natural defense system that works chemically
- bacterial infection in the lungs
- molecules that triggers antibody activity
- the animals/creatures that spread disease from one person to another
- the sticky liquid that traps pathogens in the airways
Down
- 'tamed' bacteria/virus that will promote immunity
- something you keep for yourself and food
- the cause of amoebic dysentery
- the cell that produces antibody
- the chemical that kills pathogens inside the stomach
- mechanical barrier for the eyes
15 Clues: the cause of amoebic dysentery • the cell that produces antibody • mechanical barrier for the eyes • bacterial infection in the lungs • bacterial infection in the stomach • something you keep for yourself and food • molecules that triggers antibody activity • body's natural defense system in physical level • 'tamed' bacteria/virus that will promote immunity • ...
non-specific immunity 2024-02-13
Across
- is an oily substance found on the skin
- when a white blood cell bursts
- recognising yourself
- a shield of protection
- an organism that causes disease
- when something is inflamed
- free living organism
Down
- abnormal enlargement
- a sign
- a chemical barrier
- is a type of white blood cell
- high temperature
- a special chemical released by an injured cell
- builds and maintains your body
- liquid component of your blood
15 Clues: a sign • high temperature • a chemical barrier • abnormal enlargement • recognising yourself • free living organism • a shield of protection • when something is inflamed • is a type of white blood cell • when a white blood cell bursts • builds and maintains your body • liquid component of your blood • an organism that causes disease • is an oily substance found on the skin • ...
Non-Specific Immunity 2024-02-06
Across
- A disease-causing organism
- The liquid portion of blood.
- A thin, clear liquid consisting of water, salts, and protective immune cells.
- A chemical your immune system releases that causes allergy symptoms.
- Protect the body from physical, chemical and biological damage.
- The body's immune system's response to an irritant.
- Yellowish and bad-smelling liquid.
Down
- The immune system know the distinguish itself from others.
- A type of cell that engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles.
- Microscopic living organisms that have only one cell.
- How the immune system detects danger.
- An oily substance that protect and hydrate the skin.
- Increased movement of fluid and white blood cells into the injured area.
- large and complex molecules that have important roles in the body.
- An immune response that causes high body temperature.
15 Clues: A disease-causing organism • The liquid portion of blood. • Yellowish and bad-smelling liquid. • How the immune system detects danger. • The body's immune system's response to an irritant. • An oily substance that protect and hydrate the skin. • Microscopic living organisms that have only one cell. • An immune response that causes high body temperature. • ...
immunity crossword puzzle 2022-01-13
Across
- an artificial shot to be immune against a disease
- another type of cell that can cause diseases
- a cell in your blood that helps fight defenses
- a type of cell in the body that engulfs pathogens
- The ability of an organism to resist a disease
- a liquid in your nose that helps traps germs
- help to kill bacteria, not viruses
Down
- a defense mechanism in your body to help fight viruses and bacteria
- the process of ingesting a pathogen
- found on surfaces of pathogens
- a type of cell that can cause diseases
- a cell that can cause diseases
- type of fungi that is created in wet places
- a protein made of plasma cells
- to ingest
15 Clues: to ingest • found on surfaces of pathogens • a cell that can cause diseases • a protein made of plasma cells • help to kill bacteria, not viruses • the process of ingesting a pathogen • a type of cell that can cause diseases • type of fungi that is created in wet places • another type of cell that can cause diseases • a liquid in your nose that helps traps germs • ...
Caring for Patients with Respiratory Problems 2020-04-30
Across
- Right-sided heart failure caused by pulmonary disease (2 words).
- Necrotic tissue turns to granular mass (2 words).
- Increased carbon dioxide.
- Rescue drugs that stop an attack (2 words).
- Poor blood oxygen levels.
- Local swelling with hardness.
- Excess fluid in the lungs from an inflammatory process.
- Aspiration of pleural fluid or air from the pleural space.
- Highly communicable bacterial infection.
Down
- Airborne transmission.
- Worsening shortness of breath while lying down.
- Reduce airway sensitivity to prevent asthma attacks from occurring (3 words).
- Solidification with no air spaces.
- Collection of pus in the pleural cavity.
- Chronic disease with intermittent reversible airway obstruction.
- Shortness of breath.
- Infection with potential to spread globally due to no human immunity.
- Body's physiologic defense mechanism to protect from illness or disease.
18 Clues: Shortness of breath. • Airborne transmission. • Increased carbon dioxide. • Poor blood oxygen levels. • Local swelling with hardness. • Solidification with no air spaces. • Collection of pus in the pleural cavity. • Highly communicable bacterial infection. • Rescue drugs that stop an attack (2 words). • Worsening shortness of breath while lying down. • ...
Yay 2023-11-29
Across
- Introducing a pathogen or antigen into the body to stimulate immunity
- A widespread eruption of skin lesions, a symptom of smallpox.
- A widespread occurrence of a disease in a community at a particular time.
- Complete elimination of a disease from the world.
- Resistance to a particular infection or toxin due to the presence of specific antibodies.
- An outbreak of a disease that affects a large geographic area, often worldwide.
Down
- Easily spread from person to person.
- A biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease.
- Abnormal changes in body tissue caused by disease or injury.
- Isolation to prevent the spread of disease.
- A woman who traditionally worked closely with cows and was key to Jenner's smallpox vaccine discovery.
- The scientist known for developing the first smallpox vaccine using cowpox virus.
12 Clues: Easily spread from person to person. • Isolation to prevent the spread of disease. • Complete elimination of a disease from the world. • Abnormal changes in body tissue caused by disease or injury. • A widespread eruption of skin lesions, a symptom of smallpox. • Introducing a pathogen or antigen into the body to stimulate immunity • ...
Vaccines 2021-12-10
15 Clues: shot • drug • fixed • virus • amount • needle • it changed • never sick • got better • preventive • second one • how to heal • side effect • prescription • doctor's client
Integumentary and Healing Terms 2023-10-24
Across
- the medical suffix that means tumor
- the clear or yellow fluid that moves through the lymphatic system
- the fibrous protein that makes up connective tissue
- the common medical term for skin
- the deepest layer of skin
- _ immunity is the immunity you are born with
- red blood cell
- the medical root word for disease
- the medical combining form for hair
- tiny cavities where the hair grows are known as the hair _
Down
- the dark brown or black pigments produced by melanocytes
- another term for thrombocyte
- the medical word root viro means _
- the combining form of the term that means protection
- the water repellent protein that is the primary substance of the epidermis
- white blood cell
- the medical term for cell
- the medical root word that means nail
18 Clues: red blood cell • white blood cell • the deepest layer of skin • the medical term for cell • another term for thrombocyte • the common medical term for skin • the medical root word for disease • the medical word root viro means _ • the medical suffix that means tumor • the medical combining form for hair • the medical root word that means nail • ...
Covid-19 Crosswordy Thingy 2020-08-21
Across
- Disease currently locking down the world
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (___)
- Method to active acquired immunity.
- Covid-19 mainly affects what system?
- SCARS-CoV-2 is primarily transferred through respiratory ___.
- positive stranded RNA Virus with ___
- Covid was first reported in ___, China
- "___ Immunity"
Down
- Are Microscopic Parasites
- "___ is surrounded by a corona or halo"
- People with in underlying disease are at in ____ risk from covid-19
- Corona viruses are the interest of both ____ and medical interest.
- how many months did SCARS last
- When people are unable to breath on there own they need to use what?
- scars was first discovered in ___ 2003
15 Clues: "___ Immunity" • Are Microscopic Parasites • how many months did SCARS last • Method to active acquired immunity. • Covid-19 mainly affects what system? • positive stranded RNA Virus with ___ • scars was first discovered in ___ 2003 • Covid was first reported in ___, China • "___ is surrounded by a corona or halo" • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (___) • ...
Immune system crossword 2025-08-05
Across
- Redness, swelling, and heat in response to injury or infection
- Immune cells that “remember” past infections
- Fluid that circulates in the lymphatic system
- Substance that triggers an immune response
- Immune cell that attacks infected cells directly
- A common symptom of infection that raises body temperature
- Organ that filters blood and helps fight infection
Down
- Microorganism that can cause disease
- Protein that binds to antigens
- White blood cell that engulfs and digests pathogens
- Long-term resistance to a specific disease
- General term for a cell that eats invaders
- Modified pathogen used to stimulate immunity
- Immune cell that produces antibodies
- Blood component that contains antibodies
15 Clues: Protein that binds to antigens • Microorganism that can cause disease • Immune cell that produces antibodies • Blood component that contains antibodies • Long-term resistance to a specific disease • General term for a cell that eats invaders • Substance that triggers an immune response • Immune cells that “remember” past infections • ...
Texts 5-9: Crossword 2025-11-12
15 Clues: æði • nýr • ónæmi • fylgni • þrjóskur • órökréttur • kyrrstæður • fara niður • síast inn í • eyða, útrýma • jarðefnafræði • samandstanda af • veiktur/veiklaður • tvíræður, vafasamur • meinvirkni, sýkingarmáttur
Miscellaneous part 2 2021-03-26
Across
- exposing the body to an antigen to increase the immune response
- specific resistance
- The adjusting of systems within a cell
- trap heat in the atmosphere and warm the planet
- different types of white blood cells
- immunity that an organism is born with
- treatment to produce immunity against a disease with vaccines.
- a nonspecific resistance that destroys invaders.
- when a body is exposed to small quantities of the disease.
- a gradual increase in the overall temperature of earth's atmosphere
Down
- when a person is given antibodies to become immune
- enzymes that help to digest food
- stomach acids that help to breakdown food.
- your innate immune system
- state of steady internal, physical, and chemical conditions.
- functions by contracting, applying forces to different parts of the body
- made of a single muscle cell
- total greenhouse gas emissions.
- a change in regional or global climate patters.
- group of cells that synthesizes substances
20 Clues: specific resistance • your innate immune system • made of a single muscle cell • total greenhouse gas emissions. • enzymes that help to digest food • different types of white blood cells • The adjusting of systems within a cell • immunity that an organism is born with • stomach acids that help to breakdown food. • group of cells that synthesizes substances • ...
Medical Terminology 2025-09-05
Across
- Protein produced by the immune system to fight foreign substances
- Word part added at the end of a term
- Machine that sterilizes instruments using steam under pressure
- Free from all microorganisms
- Practices that maintain health and prevent disease
- Tool used to view very small objects
- Word part added at the beginning of a term
- Place where scientific tests and research are carried out
- Surgical cutting instrument used in sterile processing
- Medical procedure involving an operation
- Invasion of the body by harmful microorganisms
- Preparation that stimulates immunity against a disease
Down
- Body’s defense against infection or disease
- Tiny infectious agent that requires a host to reproduce
- Single-celled microorganisms, some cause disease
- Instrument used to listen to heart and lung sounds
- Treatment to relieve or heal a disorder
- Widespread occurrence of an infectious disease
- To clean and remove most microorganisms
- Practice of preventing infection
20 Clues: Free from all microorganisms • Practice of preventing infection • Word part added at the end of a term • Tool used to view very small objects • Treatment to relieve or heal a disorder • To clean and remove most microorganisms • Medical procedure involving an operation • Word part added at the beginning of a term • Body’s defense against infection or disease • ...
Immune Response 2013-11-04
Across
- the enzyme found in phagocytes that break down the pathogen
- released by damaged cells
- the type of immunity that involves skin, phagocytes
- the type of immunity lymphocytes are involved in
- an injection that may be had to stop an illness
- produced by lymphocytes in response to toxins
- protein coat on cell to allow recognition
Down
- white blood cells with memory
- bacteria, fungi and virus
- how we describe the size of phagocytes
- chemicals released by B-lymphocytes
- engulf pathogens
- the swelling that occurs around a cut
- what is found in the stomach that kills pathogens
14 Clues: engulf pathogens • bacteria, fungi and virus • released by damaged cells • white blood cells with memory • chemicals released by B-lymphocytes • the swelling that occurs around a cut • how we describe the size of phagocytes • protein coat on cell to allow recognition • produced by lymphocytes in response to toxins • an injection that may be had to stop an illness • ...
Immune System Puzzle 2024-03-18
Across
- Defensive cells that literally eat antigens
- B Lymphocytes mature and originate here
- Chemical response of mast cells
- Antibodies block binding sites
- Immunity a person is born with
Down
- This response allows for immunity development
- Programmed cell death
- First defense mechanism
- Common name of bacteria, viruses and fungi
- Most abundant type of white blood cells
10 Clues: Programmed cell death • First defense mechanism • Antibodies block binding sites • Immunity a person is born with • Chemical response of mast cells • B Lymphocytes mature and originate here • Most abundant type of white blood cells • Common name of bacteria, viruses and fungi • Defensive cells that literally eat antigens • This response allows for immunity development
Quarter 4 Puzzle 2024-09-11
Across
- In good health
- Substance used to stimulate immunity
- Resistance to infection or disease
- Stopping something from occurring
- Overall sense of optimal well-being
- Renewing the effect of vaccination
- How a disease moves from person to person
Down
- Used to treat or prevent disease/sickness
- Device to measure temperature
- Signs of Illness
10 Clues: In good health • Signs of Illness • Device to measure temperature • Stopping something from occurring • Resistance to infection or disease • Renewing the effect of vaccination • Overall sense of optimal well-being • Substance used to stimulate immunity • Used to treat or prevent disease/sickness • How a disease moves from person to person
Review 2022-04-11
Across
- - Any eukaryotic protist of the phylum or subkingdom Protozoa.
- - skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, urogenital, conjunctiva
- - Disease transmission that occurs when a susceptible host touches an infected individual or is exposed to their body fluids.
- - A single-celled, prokaryotic microorganism.
- - Disease transmission that occurs when a susceptible host inhales infected particles, touches an infected object, or is bitten by an infected insect.
- - Specific immune defense mechanisms. This form of immunity is acquired over a lifetime and uses antibodies to respond to specific antigens. There are two forms: Active immunity and Passive immunity
- - people, animals, the environment
- - A large, eukaryotic, multicellular, parasitic worm, such as a tapeworm, liver fluke, ascarid, or leech.
- - Any of various infectious proteins that are abnormal forms of normal cellular proteins. Prions proliferate by inducing normal proteins to convert to the abnormal form that causes diseases, such as mad cow disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and kuru.
Down
- - Direct, Indirect
- - skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, urogenital, conjunctiva
- - children, elderly, people with weakened immune systems, unimmunized people
- - Saprophytic and parasitic spore-producing eukaryotic organisms that lack chlorophyll, such as molds, rusts, mildews, smuts, mushrooms, and yeasts.
- - A substance used to stimulate an immune response with the goal of creating antibodies and providing immunity to specific infections.
- -Prions, Bacteria, Helminths, Fungi, Protists, Viruses
- - Non-specific immune defense mechanisms that we are born with. These mechanisms work to keep anything outside of us from coming in.
- - Any of a large group of nonliving, submicroscopic infective agents that typically comprise an RNA or DNA core of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat. Viruses are not cellular and require a host in which to replicate. They cause various important diseases in all forms of life.
17 Clues: - Direct, Indirect • - people, animals, the environment • - A single-celled, prokaryotic microorganism. • -Prions, Bacteria, Helminths, Fungi, Protists, Viruses • - Any eukaryotic protist of the phylum or subkingdom Protozoa. • - skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, urogenital, conjunctiva • ...
Test #6 Immune System 2022-01-14
Across
- AB, if you do not have antibodies you have this type of blood
- antigens have a specific
- takes place in the second line of defense
- triggers all immune responses
- used to treat bacterial infections
- the first line of defense
- AIDS is caused by this
- contains weak or dead pathogens
- a pathogen is a type of this
- B, if B antigens are present you have this type of blood
- a change in an organism's or virus' DNA/RNA
Down
- this happens when the body attacks a donated organ
- cells, cells that can be programmed to become any type of cell
- a reaction to a harmless antigen
- cause illness
- white blood cells will do this
- the organism that a pathogen/parasite uses to live
- type of immunity when you are given antibodies
- type of immunity when your body makes antibodies
- specifically shaped proteins that neutralize foreign antigens
- these drugs are used to stop rejection of a donated organ
21 Clues: cause illness • AIDS is caused by this • antigens have a specific • the first line of defense • a pathogen is a type of this • triggers all immune responses • white blood cells will do this • contains weak or dead pathogens • a reaction to a harmless antigen • used to treat bacterial infections • takes place in the second line of defense • ...
Week 3 2023-08-15
Across
- one prefix for ear
- Absorbed by the small intestine
- measures energy
- Form of Arthritis caused by uric acid in joints
- arthritis from year or wear and tear
- stretching or tearing of a tendon or muscle
- gland in eye that produces tears
- immunity based on genetic make-up, rapid nonspecific response
- immunity acquired in life by genetic events. slow response with memory
Down
- Foreign substance that can cause a specific immune response
- prefix for hearing
- administered between cheek and gums
- exaggerated cure of thoracic spine
- exaggerated inward curve of Lumbar spine
- irreversible progressive liver disease with cell death
- stretching or tearing of a ligament
- prefix for ringing in ears
- most common and least expensive route of med admin
- administered under the tongue
- skeleton consisting of central portion- skull, sternum rib etc.
- colored portion of eye
21 Clues: measures energy • one prefix for ear • prefix for hearing • colored portion of eye • prefix for ringing in ears • administered under the tongue • Absorbed by the small intestine • gland in eye that produces tears • exaggerated cure of thoracic spine • administered between cheek and gums • stretching or tearing of a ligament • arthritis from year or wear and tear • ...
JEFF'S SAYINGS 2024-01-25
Across
- Right before individual challenges
- How Jeff describes a losing tribe, during a challenge
- At the end of tribal council
- Before 8 down
- Before explaining a challenge
- How Jeff describes giving tribes fire
- "That's how you do it _________"
- Kicking off a challenge start
- At the beginning of an episode
- First words of most tribal councils
- Survivor-coined phrase
- When describing food rewards
- Retired saying during season 41
- When tribes combine
- "Any votes cast against this player _______"
Down
- When getting a flame for a torch
- "Immunity is..."
- How Jeff alerts castmates they need to go write on parchment
- "Candice?..."
- Before a nerve-wracking moment
- A theme of every season
- At the beginning of a reward challenge
- At the beginning of a season
- Individual immunity
- For scenes from our next episode
- A question at a reward challenge
- To the losers of a reward
27 Clues: "Candice?..." • Before 8 down • "Immunity is..." • Individual immunity • When tribes combine • Survivor-coined phrase • A theme of every season • To the losers of a reward • At the end of tribal council • At the beginning of a season • When describing food rewards • Before explaining a challenge • Kicking off a challenge start • Before a nerve-wracking moment • ...
Scythe 2024-04-30
Across
- Citra's scythe name
- Important scythe meetings
- The place where all the thunderhead's information is stored
- To live forever; unable to die
- The main male protagonist
- The artificial intelligence program made to replace government
- The rules scythes must follow
- To be brought back to life
- A group of scythes
- Prevents people from getting gleaned
- To permanently kill
Down
- The high blade of the mid-merican scythedom
- The mentor of Rowan, infamous for mass gleanings
- Citra's little brother
- The mentor of Citra, well-known for her first gleanings
- The governing body of Scythes
- People kiss this to get immunity
- All scythes must write in this daily
- The first mentor of Rowan and Citra
- The main female protagonist
- The setting of the story
- What all scythes wear
- Xenocrates' daughter
- To be temporarily dead
- Rowan's childhood friend
25 Clues: A group of scythes • Citra's scythe name • To permanently kill • Xenocrates' daughter • What all scythes wear • Citra's little brother • To be temporarily dead • The setting of the story • Rowan's childhood friend • Important scythe meetings • The main male protagonist • To be brought back to life • The main female protagonist • The governing body of Scythes • The rules scythes must follow • ...
COVID 2022-08-30
CS: Blood & Lymphatic System 2021-02-28
Across
- increases in allergic and some infectious reactions
- a net
- juice
- liquid protein of the blood that remains after clotting
- increased number of immature erythrocytes in the blood
- leukocytes without granules in their nuclei
- presence of large, irregularly shaped red blood cells
- enlargement of the spleen
- destroys or inactivates and antigen
- presence of red blood cells of equal size
- granular leukocyte, fights infection by swallowing bacteria
Down
- presence of large red blood cells
- causes the formation of antibodies against it
- immunity, results from sitmulating the body to produce its own antibodies
- pale in color
- brings anticoagulant substances to inflamed tissues
- presence of small red blood cells
- immunity, results from foreign antibodies
- decreased number of neutrophils
- lymph vessels in the small intestine that absorb fat into the bloodstream
- germ
- fluid that is circulated through the lymph vessels
22 Clues: germ • a net • juice • pale in color • enlargement of the spleen • decreased number of neutrophils • presence of large red blood cells • presence of small red blood cells • destroys or inactivates and antigen • immunity, results from foreign antibodies • presence of red blood cells of equal size • leukocytes without granules in their nuclei • ...
Evolution/Natural Selection Crossword 2023-12-04
Across
- variety of living things on Earth
- structures in an organism that are not necessary for survival
- immunity that your body creates
- used to help fight infectious bacteria
- weakened or dead pathogens that are given to someone to help create memory cells
- immunity given to someone from the outside of the body
- strengthens or weakens inheritable traits
- these organisms have no nucleus or membrane bound organelles
- an example of natural selection
- carries out cellular respiration
- Heritable change in characteristics within a population from one generation to the next
Down
- used to help find common ancestors between organisms
- bacteria that has mutated to become immune to antibiotics
- an adaptation against malaria
- stops gene flow and leads to speciation
- used to help fight viruses
- the theory that states that eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes
- a group of the same species
- creation of a new species
- the estimated age of a fossil
20 Clues: creation of a new species • used to help fight viruses • a group of the same species • an adaptation against malaria • the estimated age of a fossil • immunity that your body creates • an example of natural selection • carries out cellular respiration • variety of living things on Earth • used to help fight infectious bacteria • stops gene flow and leads to speciation • ...
Infectious Diseases 2024-02-02
Across
- antibodies given to someone rather than naturally having them
- (specific) response immunity from a particular antigen
- killer cells
- health of the population as a group
- a spread of illness to another
- microorganism that causes the disease
- the ability to respond more effectively to things the body has already encountered
- immunity from the antibodies in out system
- place where infection agents grow and live
- can only survive without a host and cause disease
Down
- response of the body when an invader enters
- spread of disease over country or world
- the actions of things naturally present (nonspecific)
- single cell organisms that can survive on their own
- injections to protect from diseases
- sneezing, childbirth, breastfeeding (ways of spreading)
- fight off bacteria and viruses
- Someone that dyes their hair ginger
- spread of disease over a community
- A carrier(mosquito and ticks)
20 Clues: killer cells • A carrier(mosquito and ticks) • a spread of illness to another • fight off bacteria and viruses • spread of disease over a community • health of the population as a group • injections to protect from diseases • Someone that dyes their hair ginger • microorganism that causes the disease • spread of disease over country or world • ...
Microbiology 2021-05-27
Across
- Round bacteria
- The study of bacteria
- One-celled micro-organisms
- Long chains of round bacteria; septicemia
- Antibodies given directly
- Ability of the body to fight off infection
- Used by bacteria to move
- Used by bacteria to move
- Disease-producing bacteria
- Chronic and Acute pain to liver
- disease-causing bacteria or viruses enter the body and multiply
- Infection in a small, confined area
- Sub-microscopic
- Growth stage of bacteria
- Infection throughout the whole body
Down
- Non-disease-producing bacteria
- Two round bacteria together; pneumonia
- Most common bacterial cell; tuberculosis
- Bunches of round bacteria; boils
- organisms that live on or obtain their nutrients from another organism
- Does not show symptoms of disease
- Highly contagious bacteria; Lyme
- Unfavorable conditions for bacteria
- Virus that attacks immune system
- Disease spreads from one person to another
- Warts, cervical changes/cancer
- Immunity that is long lasting
27 Clues: Round bacteria • Sub-microscopic • The study of bacteria • Used by bacteria to move • Used by bacteria to move • Growth stage of bacteria • Antibodies given directly • One-celled micro-organisms • Disease-producing bacteria • Immunity that is long lasting • Non-disease-producing bacteria • Warts, cervical changes/cancer • Chronic and Acute pain to liver • ...
The Immune System Crossword 2022-03-23
Across
- reaction to antigens that are not dangerous to most people
- retrovirus that infects helper t cells
- body system that includes many external defenses
- part of the immune system that enhances the ability of antibodies, attack cell membranes
- substance that produces immunity in the body
- condition caused by human immunodeficiency virus
- WBC that acts as a first line of defense
- raised body temp to stop disease
- underdeveloped or weakened immune response
Down
- makes antibodies that attach to specific antigens
- made of cells that attack foreign substances
- swelling & redness
- uncontrolled cell growth
- chicken wing sized organ, trains immune cells
- white blood cell that engulfs & digests pathogens
- the ability to resist or recover from disease
- type of disease, body cells under attack
- coordinates the immune response or attack infected cells
- specialized protein that tags pathogens for destruction
- an organism, a virus, or protein causing disease
20 Clues: swelling & redness • uncontrolled cell growth • raised body temp to stop disease • retrovirus that infects helper t cells • type of disease, body cells under attack • WBC that acts as a first line of defense • underdeveloped or weakened immune response • made of cells that attack foreign substances • substance that produces immunity in the body • ...
Immunological Agents 2020-04-13
Across
- Immunity that every person's body make.
- Alternative drug in adult patients during pregnancy.
- Related to opportunistic pathogens experienced by low percentage of patients in ART.
- Life cycle wherein RNA polymerase creates a copies of HIV genomic material.
- Type of infection wherein patients are more vulnerable to infections and malignancies
- First-choiceof drug in Protein Inhibitor
- HIV enzymes that cuts long chain of HIV proteins.
- Drug associated with potentially life-threatening and fatal skin reactions.
- Short-term protection against a specific antigen.
- Acts by interfereing with HIV viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase.
- New copies of HIV can now infect other cells.
- The most effective and long lasting type of immunity
- First-choice drug within the NNRTI class.
Down
- Drugs hat limits the ability of virus to replicate and infect new cell.
- Necessary for the virus to bind to CD4
- Inhibiting the activity of protease.
- Prevent viral replication by competing with binding of the reverse transcriptase enzyme.
- Wasting of fat.
- The newly assembled virus pushes out "buds" from the host cell.
- Cell that the HIV destroys.
- A blueprint to amke long chains of HIV proteins.
- Vaccinations to tetanus, measles, smallpox etc.
- Tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia, septicemia.
- Common side effect of raltegavir.
- Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, herpes zoster.
- Only agent approved in Entry Inhibitor.
- HIV enzyme that hides the HIV DNA within the host cell.
- Type of immunity when antigen enters the body w/o human assistance.
28 Clues: Wasting of fat. • Cell that the HIV destroys. • Common side effect of raltegavir. • Inhibiting the activity of protease. • Necessary for the virus to bind to CD4 • Immunity that every person's body make. • Only agent approved in Entry Inhibitor. • First-choiceof drug in Protein Inhibitor • First-choice drug within the NNRTI class. • ...
exam 3 2020-11-18
Across
- movement of nutrients into cell
- mechanical digestion in avian
- vaccine with weak form of virus
- third section of small intestine
- true stomach in a ruminant
- deadly virus killed many pigs in China
- viral replication where so many copies are made that a cell bursts
- Y shaped proteins that help fight pathogens
- death
- immunity from colostrum
- illness
- no observable signs of disease
- injection under skin
- chewing cud
- largest part of ruminant stomach
- type of bone with a growth plate
- where fermentation happens in the horse
- more permanent form of immunity
- bone used as calcium storage
Down
- primary site of water absorption
- type of bone adapted for flight
- immunity from vaccination
- chemical digestion in avian
- type of exercise resulting in lactic acid buildup
- species that uses hormones for growth
- treated with antibiotics
- injection into the muscle
- hormone associated with fat deposition
- highly contagious disease causes abortions
- time for medication to be removed from body to safe level
- added at increasing rate after puberty
- type of energy balance when not eating enough nutrients to meet needs
- first section of small intestine
- abdominal pain in horses
- where urine and feces mix
- exercise converting fat to ATP
- neurologic disease in cattle caused by abnormal prion
- shape of a growth curve
- absorption in ruminant stomach
- cat digestive system
- second section of small intestine
- softens feed in avian
42 Clues: death • illness • chewing cud • injection under skin • cat digestive system • softens feed in avian • immunity from colostrum • shape of a growth curve • treated with antibiotics • abdominal pain in horses • immunity from vaccination • injection into the muscle • where urine and feces mix • true stomach in a ruminant • chemical digestion in avian • bone used as calcium storage • ...
Immune System 2023-03-17
Across
- Any substance that causes the body to make an immune response against that substance
- the adjustment of organisms to their environment
- the immune system's way of protecting the body
- a viral reproductive stage where the virus's DNA is being replicated using the host cell's DNA
- A type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells.
- provided when a person is given antibodies
- Immunity that is present at birth and lasts a person's entire life
- the capacity of bacteria to withstand the effects of a harmful chemical agent
- Something that blocks, prevents, separates, or limits
Down
- A drug used to treat infections
- a mean by which the body is given immunity to a disease by intentional exposure
- The act of introducing a vaccine into the body to produce protection from a specific disease
- The process by which a phagocyte (a type of white blood cell) surrounds and destroys foreign substances (such as bacteria) and removes dead cells.
- A protein made by plasma cells (a type of white blood cell) in response to an antigen
- A complex network of cells, tissues, organs, and the substances they make
- A type of immune cell that is made in the bone marrow
- having little likelihood of causing an allergic response
- the disintegration of a cell by disruption of its plasma membrane
- an infectious microbe
- acquired from exposure to the disease
20 Clues: an infectious microbe • A drug used to treat infections • acquired from exposure to the disease • provided when a person is given antibodies • the immune system's way of protecting the body • the adjustment of organisms to their environment • A type of immune cell that is made in the bone marrow • Something that blocks, prevents, separates, or limits • ...
Immune and Lymphatic System 2018-11-14
Across
- cells / Attach themselves to antigens and kill them
- / White blood cells
- / Blood platelets
- / Disease-causing microor-ganism
- / Bone marrow cells with very large nuclei
- / Secrete chemicals to attack disease-causing parasites
- / large, single- nucleus phagocytes that ingest and dis- pose of dead or dying cells and tissues
- / Makes up a large portion of the proteins in plasma
- / Cells that destroy harmful pathogens
- / Helps to maintain the proper amount of water in the blood
- / A protein manufactured by the immune system when the immune system detects an antigen
- Cells / Slow or stop the activity of B or T cells once a foreign invader has been con- trolled or destroyed
Down
- / Cells involved in immune surveillance, the process of detecting and destroying foreign cells in the body
- / Red blood cells
- / Key protein involved in blood clotting
- / Substance that is harmful
- / Proteins that act as antibodies
- / Plays an important role in blood clotting
- / A protein that allows red blood cells to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide through the blood as the cells travel through the circulatory system
- Immunity / Is the type of immunity with which you were born
- / When monocytes move from the bloodstream into the body tissues
- cells / Aid B lymphocytes in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production
- active immunity / Developed when the body’s immune system is exposed to and learns to defend against one type of pathogen
23 Clues: / Red blood cells • / Blood platelets • / White blood cells • / Substance that is harmful • / Disease-causing microor-ganism • / Proteins that act as antibodies • / Cells that destroy harmful pathogens • / Key protein involved in blood clotting • / Bone marrow cells with very large nuclei • / Plays an important role in blood clotting • ...
Immuno-Puzzle 2024-02-03
Across
- ____ secrete reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide and nitric oxide, to mediate killing
- _____ T cells that coordinate the activities of other immune cells like B cells, cytotoxic T cells, and macrophages
- Macrophages present in the liver
- Lymphoid tissue present in the nasal passages
- ____ primarily defend against parasites
- ___ is an example for biological vector
- Erythroblasts produce __
- A kind of filaments helps to maintain the flexibility and overall shape of the lymphatic capillaries
- CALT – C represents for
- Cells example for innate immunity
- Bean-shaped structures scattered throughout the lymphatic network
- Lymph eventually reach the bloodstream via ___ duct
- Plasma cells produce ___
- The process of transport of WBCs across the blood vessels
Down
- Origin of immune cells
- Example for a granulocytes
- A type of contact transmission occurs when a person coughs, sneezes or speaks near others
- _____ T cells detect cells infected by viruses
- ___ carrier is a person who recovered from the disease, but continues to harbor the pathogen
- Example for antigen presenting cells
- This is present in sweat, tears and many other secretions
- Basophils are best known for
- Lymphoid tissue located under the throat
- ____ cells found in the GALT of the small intestine for antigen sampling
- Adaptive immunity
- Immune cell aggregates lining the bronchial regions
- The fluid in the lymphatic vessels
- Lymphatic system maintains the ___ fluid volume at constant level
- The respiratory tract is lined with little hair-like structures
- A kind of immunity that cannot differentiate between the pathogens having similar structures
- T cells maturation
31 Clues: Adaptive immunity • T cells maturation • Origin of immune cells • CALT – C represents for • Erythroblasts produce __ • Plasma cells produce ___ • Example for a granulocytes • Basophils are best known for • Macrophages present in the liver • Cells example for innate immunity • The fluid in the lymphatic vessels • Example for antigen presenting cells • ...
Mrs L Immune System/ Infection 2025-08-18
Across
- an infection that affects large numbers of people and spreads across more than one continent
- with this type of immunity the person produces their own antibodies
- identification markers on the surface of cells
- the decline in the immune system especially seen in older adults
- a rapid rise in the number of those with a specific infection
- when a pathogen is present in the body without causing symptoms
- includes yeast and molds and can produce highly resistant spores
- stands for personal protective equipment
- hairlike structures lining the mucous membranes of the upper respiratort tract
- also called immunoglobulins are proteins produced when foreign antigens are detected
- smaller than bacteria and depends on host cells to live and reproduce
- this type of precaution is used for all patients
Down
- the single most effective way to control and prevent the spread of infections
- an organism that can cause disease
- with this type of immunity antiboides are obtained from an outside source (placental, breast milk)
- disease transmittedby eating raw or undercooked pigs or wild animals that contain trichinella larvae
- these cells release histamine and are important in allergic reactions
- a severe systemic hypersensitivity reaction
- also called immunoglobulins produced in response to foreign antigens
- tuberculosis requires this type of transmission based precautions
- a place where infectious agents live, multiply, and reproduce
- the ability of the body to protect itself from disease
- the ability to destroy pathogens and to prevent further cases of infectious disease
- a sensitivity reaction thatproduces swelling of the skin and mucousa primarily the face, eyes, and lips
24 Clues: an organism that can cause disease • stands for personal protective equipment • a severe systemic hypersensitivity reaction • identification markers on the surface of cells • this type of precaution is used for all patients • the ability of the body to protect itself from disease • a rapid rise in the number of those with a specific infection • ...
Defense Against Diseases 2018-01-21
Across
- immune system uses "" blood cells and antibodies to eliminate organisms that get through the body's natural barriers.
- this system defends the body against organisms that can cause infection.
- this is a type of artifical immunity that is given through injection.
- our entire body is covered in this which acts as a natural barrier against diseases.
- many microorganisms or germs are trapped by this. It lines the opening of our body.
- receiving manufactured antibodies via external delivery is know as this kind of passive immunity.
- what kind of acquired active immunity occurs when the person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops the disease and becomes immune as a result of the primary immune response.
- our ears have this, and it acts as a natural barrier.
Down
- body temperature increases as a protective response to infection and injury
- this is the deliberate induction of an immune response, and represents the single most effective manipulation of the immune system scientists have developed.
- this is a type of respiratory infection that is caused by a virus. It causes total-body skin rash and flu-like symptoms.
- organisms that enter through the mouth in our food are usually killed by "" and enzymes in stomach and the intestines.
- this is caused by 2 virus varients variola major and variola minor. A skin rash with fluid filled bumps with a dent in the center.
- natural immunity is present in an individual at " prior to exposure to a pathogen.
14 Clues: our ears have this, and it acts as a natural barrier. • this is a type of artifical immunity that is given through injection. • this system defends the body against organisms that can cause infection. • body temperature increases as a protective response to infection and injury • ...
infection control 2023-09-21
Across
- Causes disease or infection in humans
- Destroys all microbial life including spores
- the ability of the body to destroy or resist infections
- Environmental Protection Agency
- Organism that grows, feed, shelter on or in living organisms
- Cause by a highly contagious virus on the bottom of the feet
- Are written by federal and state
- Round shape bacteria that appear singly
- Chemical process that uses specific products to destroy organisms and nonporous surfaces
- syphilis(STD) or Lyme disease
Down
- Helpful or Harmless bacteria that performs useful functions
- immunity partly inherited and partly developed through hygienic healthy living
- Damages the liver, cause by a Bloodborne virus
- pus-forming bacteria that grows in clusters like grapes
- typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria
- Giant area infected
- little area infected
- Single cell organisms that grows in irregular masses
- The occupational Safety and Health Administration
- A Material Safety Data Sheet
20 Clues: Giant area infected • little area infected • A Material Safety Data Sheet • syphilis(STD) or Lyme disease • Environmental Protection Agency • Are written by federal and state • Causes disease or infection in humans • Round shape bacteria that appear singly • typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria • Destroys all microbial life including spores • ...
Vaccine History Crossword 2025-08-26
Across
- Another deadly disease vaccines prevent
- When enough people are vaccinated, the whole ________ is protected.
- The genetic instructions used are ________, not DNA.
- Robert ________ helped establish germ theory.
- Vaccine developed after smallpox, by Pasteur
- mRNA vaccines make cells produce the virus’s
- Disease for which Pasteur developed a vaccine
- A shot that safely trains the immune system.
- Edward ________ created the first smallpox vaccine in 1796.
- French scientist who developed vaccines for rabies and anthrax
Down
- Twentieth-century vaccines included one for
- Improving access and systems helps the world make more ________.
- mRNA vaccines instruct cells to make part of a
- Vaccines are a powerful tool in public ________.
- Edward Jenner created the first ________ vaccine
- A once-common childhood disease prevented by vaccines
- Vaccines train immunity to recognise and fight a ________
- Type of vaccine tech used for COVID-19
- Waterborne disease targeted by early vaccines
- What vaccines build in your body: ________.
20 Clues: Type of vaccine tech used for COVID-19 • Another deadly disease vaccines prevent • Twentieth-century vaccines included one for • What vaccines build in your body: ________. • Vaccine developed after smallpox, by Pasteur • mRNA vaccines make cells produce the virus’s • A shot that safely trains the immune system. • Robert ________ helped establish germ theory. • ...
Non-specific Immunity 2024-02-05
Across
- A chemical found in some of the body's cells.
- A tiny, single-celled living organisms.
- The line of defense preventing the entry and growth of pathogens
- A sticky, wet liquid produced by glands
- A liquid component which take in nutrients, hormones, and proteins to the parts of the body that need it
- An organism causing disease to its host
- Learning to distinguish self from nonself
Down
- A naturally occurring, extremely complex substance that consists of amino acid residues
- A action, or sound that is used to convey information
- An abnormally high body temperature
- It is the process by which the immune system recognizes and removes harmful and foreign stimuli and begins the healing process.
- A type of immune cell that can surround and kill microorganisms
- An abnormal enlargement of a part of the body
- Is an oily substance that protects your skin from drying out.
- A thick yellowish or greenish liquid produced in infected tissue
15 Clues: An abnormally high body temperature • A tiny, single-celled living organisms. • A sticky, wet liquid produced by glands • An organism causing disease to its host • Learning to distinguish self from nonself • A chemical found in some of the body's cells. • An abnormal enlargement of a part of the body • A action, or sound that is used to convey information • ...
Non-Specific Immunity 2024-02-06
Across
- A disease-causing organism.
- The liquid portion of blood.
- A thin, clear liquid consisting of water, salts, and protective immune cells.
- A chemical your immune system releases that causes allergy symptoms.
- Protect the body from physical, chemical and biological damage.
- The body's immune system's response to an irritant.
- Yellowish and bad-smelling liquid.
Down
- The immune system know the distinguish itself from others.
- A type of cell that engulfing and absorbing bacteria and particles.
- Microscopic living organisms that have only one cell.
- How the immune system detects danger.
- An oily substance that protect and hydrate the skin.
- Increased movement of fluid and white blood cells into the injured area.
- Large and complex molecules that have important roles in the body.
- An immune response that causes high body temperature.
15 Clues: A disease-causing organism. • The liquid portion of blood. • Yellowish and bad-smelling liquid. • How the immune system detects danger. • The body's immune system's response to an irritant. • An oily substance that protect and hydrate the skin. • Microscopic living organisms that have only one cell. • An immune response that causes high body temperature. • ...
Immune System Vocabulary 2015-04-07
Across
- a molecule on a cell that the immune system can recognize either as a part of the body or as coming from outside the body
- the process by which harmless antigens are deliberately introduced into a person’s body to produce active immunity
- the ability of the immune system to destroy pathogens before they can cause disease
- a disease that can pass from one organism to another
- an organism that causes disease
- a chemical that kills bacteria or slows their growth
- a disease caused by a virus that attacks the immune system
- a substance that stimulates the body to produce chemicals that destroy viruses, bacteria, or other disease-causing organisms; consists of pathogens that have been weakened or killed
- response part of the body’s defense against pathogens in which cells of the immune system react to each kind of pathogen with a defense targeted specifically at that pathogen
- white blood cell that reacts to each kind of pathogen with a defense targeted specifically at that pathogen
Down
- immunity in which the antibodies that fight a pathogen come from another organism rather than from the person’s own body
- a poison that can harm an organism; sometimes produced by bacterial pathogens
- a white blood cell that destroys pathogens by engulfing them and breaking them down
- a chemical produced by a B cell of the immune system, that destroys a specific kind of pathogen
- response part of body’s defense against pathogens, in which fluid and white blood cells leak from blood vessels into tissues; the white blood cells destroy pathogens by breaking them down
- immunity that occurs when a person’s own immune system produces antibodies in response to the presence of a pathogen
- a lymphocyte that produces chemicals that help destroy a specific kind of pathogen
- a lymphocyte that identifies pathogens and distinguishes one pathogen from the other
18 Clues: an organism that causes disease • a disease that can pass from one organism to another • a chemical that kills bacteria or slows their growth • a disease caused by a virus that attacks the immune system • a poison that can harm an organism; sometimes produced by bacterial pathogens • ...
Immunity 2022-10-27
Across
- a toxin or foreign substance which induce an immune response in the body
- the ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies.
- fist size organ in the upper left side of our abdomen
Down
- the action of defending from or resisting attack
- lymphoid organ situated in the neck of vertebrates which produce t-lymphocytes
- fleshy pads located at each side of the back of the throat
6 Clues: the action of defending from or resisting attack • fist size organ in the upper left side of our abdomen • fleshy pads located at each side of the back of the throat • a toxin or foreign substance which induce an immune response in the body • lymphoid organ situated in the neck of vertebrates which produce t-lymphocytes • ...
Immune System 2024-05-14
Across
- When our own immune system is responsible for protecting us from a pathogen
- A type of white blood cell that is part of the immune system
- A medicine used to treat infections caused by bacteria and other microorganisms
- A substance used to stimulate immunity to a particular infectious disease
- A type of immunity that occurs when a person is given antibodies
Down
- The act of getting a vaccine
- This relates to one specific thing
- A cell that can surround and kill microorganisms, ingest foreign material
- The state or quality of being resistant to particular infectious disease
- Any substance that causes the body to make an immune response against that substance
10 Clues: The act of getting a vaccine • This relates to one specific thing • A type of white blood cell that is part of the immune system • A type of immunity that occurs when a person is given antibodies • The state or quality of being resistant to particular infectious disease • A cell that can surround and kill microorganisms, ingest foreign material • ...
PHAR227 Module 6 The Immune System Vocabulary 2023-04-05
Across
- A lymphatic organ involved in blood cell production and removal and lymphocyte storage
- Complex molecules (immunoglobulins) made in response to an antigen’s presence (eg, a protein of bacteria or other infecting organism) that neutralize a foreign substance’s effect
- A biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease by invoking an immune response and a “memory” of the response for future use
- (SLE) An autoimmune inflammatory disease of connective tissue with variable features, including fever, weakness, fatigue, and other systemic manifestations
- cell A cell of the immune system that secretes antibodies
- A localized physical condition associated with red, swollen, hot, and often painful tissue
- Vaccines in which toxins have been rendered harmless but still evoke an antigenic response, improving immunity against active toxins at some future date
- A virus particle
- Single + cell, a phagocytic leukocyte
- A structure that consists of many small, oval nodules that filter lymphatic fluid and fight infection; the site of lymphocyte, monocyte, and plasma cell production
- A microscopic, nonliving organism that replicates exclusively inside the host’s cell using parts of the host cell, including DNA, ribosomes, and proteins
- A term that describes an altered or weakened live vaccine made from the disease organism against which the vaccine protects
- A substance that prompts antibody production, resulting in an immune response
- A protein that signals cells of the immune system
- An extreme, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction
Down
- (RA) A progressive degenerative and crippling autoimmune joint disease
- Lymph + cell, a mononuclear leukocyte found in the blood, lymph, and lymphoid tissues
- An autoimmune disease leading to hypothyroidism
- Pertaining to the entire organism; “widespread” in contrast to “local”
- Eating + cell, a cell of the immune system that engulfs cells, debris, and antigens
- An immune response after tissue or organ transplantation
- The act of conferring immunity, such as with vaccination
- Blood + production, the formation of blood cells
- Widening of the vasculature, leading to increased blood flow
- White + cell, a white blood cell (WBC)
- An infection resistance type caused by the body’s immune response after exposure to antigens or vaccine administration
- An antibody
27 Clues: An antibody • A virus particle • Single + cell, a phagocytic leukocyte • White + cell, a white blood cell (WBC) • An autoimmune disease leading to hypothyroidism • Blood + production, the formation of blood cells • A protein that signals cells of the immune system • An immune response after tissue or organ transplantation • ...
Midterm 1 Immunology 2025-01-21
Across
- Helper T cells secret this chemical messenger in order to coordinate the immune response
- Bacterial cells wall contain thin layer of peptidoglycan
- The portion of an antibody that binds to an antigen
- The type of immunity that results when a person's own immune response is induced from the exposure of a pathogen is called _____ immunity
- The concept that describes immune cells being educated so they don't attack our own cells and attack those of invaders is called ____ to self
- B and T cells that don't die after proliferation are called ___ cells
- The component of the blood that contains water, proteins, nutrients, and hormones
- MHC I molecules provide information on problems occurring ___ the cell
- Produce antibodies
- Identify bacterial and viral invaders for the immune system
- Another name for antibodies
- First line of defense against potential pathogens
- MHC II molecules provide information on problems occurring ___ the cell
- When an antibody binds to an invader, the antibody has _____ the invader.
Down
- The component of the blood that contains leukocytes and platelets is the ___ coat
- The type of immunity that results when a person receives antibodies to an invader from another individual who had been exposed to a pathogen is called ___ immunity
- The portion of an antibody that binds to receptors on the surface of immune cells
- MHC II molecules are produced only by ____-___ cells
- The condition in which your body has too little hemoglobin
- The heaviest component of the blood which normally constitutes about 40-60% of the total blood volume is the ____
- Which kind of organism contains chitin in its cell walls
- The method used by antibodies by which 4 different gene modules are combined to make an antibody
- Bacteria lack this eukaryotic structure. (Hint it functions in protection and organization)
- An antibody binds to which chemical component
- Bacterial cell walls contain a thick layer of peptidoglycan
- The molecules that are responsible for matching an organ donor and a recipient are called major ___ complexes
- All immune cells are initially formed in the ___
27 Clues: Produce antibodies • Another name for antibodies • An antibody binds to which chemical component • All immune cells are initially formed in the ___ • First line of defense against potential pathogens • The portion of an antibody that binds to an antigen • MHC II molecules are produced only by ____-___ cells • Bacterial cells wall contain thin layer of peptidoglycan • ...
vaccines 2021-06-09
Across
- Inject with a vaccine for the purpose of inducing immunity
- A research study in which one or more human subjects are prospectively assigned to one or more interventions to evaluate the effects
- is the probability that a vaccine confers immunity in a populatio
Down
- is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease
- Any accompanying or consequential and usually detrimental effect
- Help vaccines work better
- The act of putting a liquid, especially a drug, into a person's body using a needle and a syringe
- The body's response mechanism for fighting against bacteria, viruses and other foreign substances
8 Clues: Help vaccines work better • Inject with a vaccine for the purpose of inducing immunity • Any accompanying or consequential and usually detrimental effect • is the probability that a vaccine confers immunity in a populatio • is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease • ...
Immunological Agents 2020-04-13
Across
- Only agent approved in Entry Inhibitor.
- New copies of HIV can now infect other cells.
- HIV enzyme that hides the HIV DNA within the host cell.
- HIV enzymes that cuts long chain of HIV proteins.
- Inhibiting the activity of protease.
- Related to opportunistic pathogens experienced by low percentage of patients in ART.
- Common side effect of raltegavir.
- First-choice drug within the NNRTI class.
- Type of immunity when antigen enters the body w/o human assistance.
- Prevent viral replication by competing with binding of the reverse transcriptase enzyme.
- Tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia, septicemia.
- Immunity that every person's body make.
- Drugs hat limits the ability of virus to replicate and infect new cell.
Down
- Type of infection wherein patients are more vulnerable to infections and malignancies
- A blueprint to amke long chains of HIV proteins.
- First-choiceof drug in Protein Inhibitor
- Necessary for the virus to bind to CD4
- Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, herpes zoster.
- Vaccinations to tetanus, measles, smallpox etc.
- Short-term protection against a specific antigen.
- Drug associated with potentially life-threatening and fatal skin reactions.
- The standard tretment with HIV infection.
- Life cycle wherein RNA polymerase creates a copies of HIV genomic material.
- Wasting of fat.
- Alternative drug in adult patients during pregnancy.
- The newly assembled virus pushes out "buds" from the host cell.
- Cell that the HIV destroys.
- The most effective and long lasting type of immunity
28 Clues: Wasting of fat. • Cell that the HIV destroys. • Common side effect of raltegavir. • Inhibiting the activity of protease. • Necessary for the virus to bind to CD4 • Only agent approved in Entry Inhibitor. • Immunity that every person's body make. • First-choiceof drug in Protein Inhibitor • First-choice drug within the NNRTI class. • The standard tretment with HIV infection. • ...
Immunological Agents 2020-04-13
Across
- Alternative drug in adult patients during pregnancy.
- Cell that the HIV destroys.
- Only agent approved in Entry Inhibitor.
- First-choiceof drug in Protein Inhibitor
- Common side effect of raltegavir.
- Short-term protection against a specific antigen.
- The most effective and long lasting type of immunity
- Wasting of fat.
- Type of immunity when antigen enters the body w/o human assistance.
- A blueprint to amke long chains of HIV proteins.
- HIV enzymes that cuts long chain of HIV proteins.
- Related to opportunistic pathogens experienced by low percentage of patients in ART.
- HIV enzyme that hides the HIV DNA within the host cell.
- New copies of HIV can now infect other cells.
- Necessary for the virus to bind to CD4
Down
- Life cycle wherein RNA polymerase creates a copies of HIV genomic material.
- Vaccinations to tetanus, measles, smallpox etc.
- Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, herpes zoster.
- Prevent viral replication by competing with binding of the reverse transcriptase enzyme.
- The newly assembled virus pushes out "buds" from the host cell.
- Immunity that every person's body make.
- New virus is assembled
- Drugs hat limits the ability of virus to replicate and infect new cell.
- The standard tretment with HIV infection.
- Type of infection wherein patients are more vulnerable to infections and malignancies
- Inhibiting the activity of protease.
- Drug associated with potentially life-threatening and fatal skin reactions.
- First-choice drug within the NNRTI class.
- Tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia, septicemia.
29 Clues: Wasting of fat. • New virus is assembled • Cell that the HIV destroys. • Common side effect of raltegavir. • Inhibiting the activity of protease. • Necessary for the virus to bind to CD4 • Only agent approved in Entry Inhibitor. • Immunity that every person's body make. • First-choiceof drug in Protein Inhibitor • The standard tretment with HIV infection. • ...
Sickness 2020-05-04
Immune System Crossword Puzzle 2013-05-07
Across
- This type of immunity is acquired only by previously being infected by the disease.
- Elevated body temperature.
- Secreations in the nose and throat that trap bacteria.
- Type of pathogen that causes malaria.
- Pathogen that causes athlete's foot.
- Injection of weakened or mild form of pathogen to produce immunity.
- Drugs that are used to counteract the effects of histamines.
- Animals that carry disease-causing organisms.
- Disease causing agent.
- Chemicals that increase blood flow to surrounding area.
- Poisons that produce illness.
- The body's most important nonspecific defense.
- Any change that disrupts normal body function.
- A substance that triggers an immune response.
- This type of immunity lasts only a short time.
- Most common over-reaction of the immune system.
- Caused by the HIV-virus.
Down
- Type of pathogen that causes tetanus.
- Disease that begins when something goes wrong with regulating cell growth and division.
- Cells that engulf pathogens.
- Tumor that can invade and destroy surrounding tissue.
- Mass of rapidly growing tissue.
- Proteins that interfere with a virus.
- Compounds that kill bacteria.
- A combination of chemicals that destroy cancer cells.
- This persons postulate is used to identify the microorganism that causes a specific disease.
- Protein that helps destroy pathogens.
- The spread of cancerous tumors beyond their original site.
- Disease spread by sexual contact.
- A pathogen that can replicate only by infecting living cells.
30 Clues: Disease causing agent. • Caused by the HIV-virus. • Elevated body temperature. • Cells that engulf pathogens. • Compounds that kill bacteria. • Poisons that produce illness. • Mass of rapidly growing tissue. • Disease spread by sexual contact. • Pathogen that causes athlete's foot. • Type of pathogen that causes tetanus. • Type of pathogen that causes malaria. • ...
Immunological Agents 2020-04-13
Across
- Type of infection wherein patients are more vulnerable to infections and malignancies
- Cell that the HIV destroys.
- New copies of HIV can now infect other cells.
- The newly assembled virus pushes out "buds" from the host cell.
- Immunity that every person's body make.
- Tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia, septicemia.
- Only agent approved in Entry Inhibitor.
- A blueprint to amke long chains of HIV proteins.
- Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, herpes zoster.
- HIV enzyme that hides the HIV DNA within the host cell.
- Alternative drug in adult patients during pregnancy.
Down
- The most effective and long lasting type of immunity
- Life cycle wherein RNA polymerase creates a copies of HIV genomic material.
- Necessary for the virus to bind to CD4
- Drug associated with potentially life-threatening and fatal skin reactions.
- Prevent viral replication by competing with binding of the reverse transcriptase enzyme.
- The standard tretment with HIV infection.
- Common side effect of raltegavir.
- Type of immunity when antigen enters the body w/o human assistance.
- Drugs hat limits the ability of virus to replicate and infect new cell.
- Inhibiting the activity of protease.
- New virus is assembled
- Wasting of fat.
- HIV enzymes that cuts long chain of HIV proteins.
- Vaccinations to tetanus, measles, smallpox etc.
- First-choice drug within the NNRTI class.
- Short-term protection against a specific antigen.
- First-choiceof drug in Protein Inhibitor
- Related to opportunistic pathogens experienced by low percentage of patients in ART.
29 Clues: Wasting of fat. • New virus is assembled • Cell that the HIV destroys. • Common side effect of raltegavir. • Inhibiting the activity of protease. • Necessary for the virus to bind to CD4 • Immunity that every person's body make. • Only agent approved in Entry Inhibitor. • First-choiceof drug in Protein Inhibitor • The standard tretment with HIV infection. • ...
Evolution and Natural Selection Study Game 2020-09-30
Across
- Genetic drift affects smaller populations more than larger populations T/F
- What provides the most powerful evidence of evolution?
- Isolation is a mechanism of change by itself and doesn't reduce gene flow T/F
- The principle of common ______ explains that all living things are derived from common ancestors
- Not using oxygen
- Characteristic of an organism that enhances their survival and reproduction in specific environments
- Unicellular bacteria that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
- Means "change over time" and is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
- Sickle Cell Anaemia affects the _____ cells and it is linked to malaria immunity
- The principle that events in the past occurred suddenly and were caused by different mechanisms than those operating today
- Natural selection can amplify or ________ inheritable traits
Down
- Immunity in which you are given or passed antibodies
- The type of structure that has a similar function, but different structure and different evolutionary origin
- An organism that has a nucleus and can serve a specific purpose such as your body cells
- A change in DNA that changes an allele and is random
- The study of embryos and their development
- Immunity in which your body produces antibodies
- The type of structure that has the same evolutionary origin, same structure, but different function
- Is the study of the locations of organisms around the world
- Who "discovered evolution?
- Species can be affected by more than one type of isolation T/F
- Using oxygen
- The _________ theory explains that eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes
23 Clues: Using oxygen • Not using oxygen • Who "discovered evolution? • The study of embryos and their development • Immunity in which your body produces antibodies • Immunity in which you are given or passed antibodies • A change in DNA that changes an allele and is random • What provides the most powerful evidence of evolution? • ...
Immune and Lymphatic Systems 2018-11-14
Across
- Helps to maintain the proper amount of water in the blood
- Immunity Is the type of immunity with which you were born
- Cells Slow or stop the activity of B or T cells once a foreign invader has been con- trolled or destroyed
- cells Attach themselves to antigens and kill them
- Red blood cells
- Proteins that act as antibodies
- Secrete chemicals to attack disease-causing parasites
- A protein that allows red blood cells to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide through the blood as the cells travel through the circulatory system
Down
- Substance that is harmful
- active immunity Developed when the body’s immune system is exposed to and learns to defend against one type of pathogen
- cells Aid B lymphocytes in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production
- When monocytes move from the bloodstream into the body tissues
- Disease-causing microor-ganism
- White blood cells
- Bone marrow cells with very large nuclei
- Cells involved in immune surveillance, the process of detecting and destroying foreign cells in the body
- Large, single- nucleus phagocytes that ingest and dis- pose of dead or dying cells and tissues
- Plays an important role in blood clotting
- Blood platelets
- Cells that destroy harmful pathogens
- A protein manufactured by the immune system when the immune system detects an antigen
- Key protein involved in blood clotting
- Makes up a large portion of the proteins in plasma
23 Clues: Red blood cells • Blood platelets • White blood cells • Substance that is harmful • Disease-causing microor-ganism • Proteins that act as antibodies • Cells that destroy harmful pathogens • Key protein involved in blood clotting • Bone marrow cells with very large nuclei • Plays an important role in blood clotting • cells Attach themselves to antigens and kill them • ...
Immune and Lymphatic Systems 2018-11-14
Across
- cells Attach themselves to antigens and kill them
- Disease-causing microor-ganism
- Substance that is harmful
- Red blood cells
- Secrete chemicals to attack disease-causing parasites
- active immunity Developed when the body’s immune system is exposed to and learns to defend against one type of pathogen
- Immunity Is the type of immunity with which you were born
- Proteins that act as antibodies
- cells Aid B lymphocytes in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production
- Cells involved in immune surveillance, the process of detecting and destroying foreign cells in the body
- Large, single- nucleus phagocytes that ingest and dis- pose of dead or dying cells and tissues
- Makes up a large portion of the proteins in plasma
- A protein manufactured by the immune system when the immune system detects an antigen
- Blood platelets
Down
- Key protein involved in blood clotting
- Cells that destroy harmful pathogens
- Bone marrow cells with very large nuclei
- A protein that allows red blood cells to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide through the blood as the cells travel through the circulatory system
- Plays an important role in blood clotting
- White blood cells
- Cells Slow or stop the activity of B or T cells once a foreign invader has been con- trolled or destroyed
- When monocytes move from the bloodstream into the body tissues
- Helps to maintain the proper amount of water in the blood
23 Clues: Red blood cells • Blood platelets • White blood cells • Substance that is harmful • Disease-causing microor-ganism • Proteins that act as antibodies • Cells that destroy harmful pathogens • Key protein involved in blood clotting • Bone marrow cells with very large nuclei • Plays an important role in blood clotting • cells Attach themselves to antigens and kill them • ...
Unit 5 Vocab :) 2024-03-22
Across
- substance that causes an allergic reaction
- Theory theory that proposes eukaryotic cells evolved through a symbiotic relationship between ancient prokaryotes
- substance prepared from dead or weakened pathogens, or mRNA, then introduced into a body to produce immunity
- structures structures that are the same but have different functions in different species. EX: whale's fin and the human arm
- any inherited structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to respond to their environment and produce offspring
- a very small particle, containing DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein. It attaches to living cells, hijacking their organelles to make more viruses, often causing illness.
- vector disease-carrying organism, such as a rat, mosquito, or fly that spreads infectious diseases
- process in which a liquid is heated to a temperature that kills most bacteria
- disease disease caused by a virus, bacterium, fungus, or protist that is spread from an infected organism or the environment to another organism
- structures extra structure/body part that is NOT needed by the organism EX: human appendix
- immunity long lasting immunity that results when the body makes its own antibodies in response to a specific antigen
Down
- selection natural selection that favors average individuals in a population. EX: Average size spiders more likely to survive than larger or smaller spiders. Large-->easily eaten by predators. Small-->cannot find food or compete for food with larger spiders
- a protein made in response to a specific antigen that can attach to the antigen and cause it to be useless
- selection occurs when natural selection favors ONE extreme variation in a trait EX: woodpeckers eating insects deep inside a tree, only woodpeckers with extremely Long beaks will be able to access food source
- disease disease such as cancer, diabetes, or asthma, that is not spread from one person to another
- selection theory that was proposed by Charles Darwin as an explanation for how change happens in a population over time
- immunity immunity that results when antibodies produced in one animal are introduced into another's body; does not last as long as active immunity
- selection individuals with either extreme of a trait are favored over average individuals
- a protein ID tag on the outside of cells, often causing the production of antibodies
- Evolution a pattern of evolution in which species that were once similar to an ancestral species become increasingly distinct
- evolution a pattern of evolution in which distantly related organisms evolve similar traits, occurs when unrelated species occupy similar environments, because they face similar environmental pressures they develop similar adaptations
- overly strong reaction of the immune system to a foreign substance
- soup theory theory that suggests life began in a pond or ocean as a result of the combination of chemicals from the atmosphere and some form of energy (lightning) to make amino acids (the building blocks of proteins)
- structures structures that have a different structural make up but have the same function. EX: bird's wing and butterfly's wing
- transmitted disease (STD) infectious disease such as chlamydia, AIDS, or genital herpes , that is passed from one person to another during sexual contact
25 Clues: substance that causes an allergic reaction • overly strong reaction of the immune system to a foreign substance • process in which a liquid is heated to a temperature that kills most bacteria • a protein ID tag on the outside of cells, often causing the production of antibodies • ...
coloferrin 2020-10-29
9 Clues: cow • enemy • micro organism • micro organism • fight infections • capability of the body to fight • immunity transferred from mother • milk produced immediately after birth • has antimicrobial and supports good bacteria
Immunotechnology 2023-02-12
Across
- David vetter/ the boy in the bubble suffered from this condition
- Lymph rich in fat
- This molecule is too large to be absorbed in the blood stream
- An antimicrobial peptide secreted by epithelial cells(skin,lung and gut)
- This type of muscle aids in the circulation of lymph
Down
- The vein where all the lymph is recirculated by the heart
- T-cells are examples of this type of immunity
- A hormone that is secreted when we clap/(stimulus that makes us happy)which boosts immunity
- A mediator that cannot be directly classified as part of the immune system
- Skin and cilia are examples of this type of immunity
10 Clues: Lymph rich in fat • T-cells are examples of this type of immunity • Skin and cilia are examples of this type of immunity • This type of muscle aids in the circulation of lymph • The vein where all the lymph is recirculated by the heart • This molecule is too large to be absorbed in the blood stream • David vetter/ the boy in the bubble suffered from this condition • ...
Health - Immunity Revision 2023-12-23
Across
- Name given to an immune response for the first time which is slow and produces low levels of antibiotics
- Example of specific response to immunity
- Antibiotics are produced very quickly and last for a long time is known as the _________ response
- A non-specific defence mechanism which is constantly washed by tear
Down
- Large An example of natural active immunity
- Example of a phagocytic cell beginning with an M
- A vaccination is termed ______ immunity
- Harmful substance which if enters the body is killed by the immune responses
- A non-specific defence mechanism which has an impermeable layer
- Natural substance in the body which attacks and kills antigens
10 Clues: A vaccination is termed ______ immunity • Example of specific response to immunity • Large An example of natural active immunity • Example of a phagocytic cell beginning with an M • Natural substance in the body which attacks and kills antigens • A non-specific defence mechanism which has an impermeable layer • ...
Immune and Lymphatic Systems 2018-11-14
Across
- When monocytes move from the bloodstream into the body tissues
- Cells involved in immune surveillance, the process of detecting and destroying foreign cells in the body
- White blood cells
- Proteins that act as antibodies
- Key protein involved in blood clotting
- Disease-causing microor-ganism
- Red blood cells
- Blood platelets
- A protein manufactured by the immune system when the immune system detects an antigen
- cells Attach themselves to antigens and kill them
- Makes up a large portion of the proteins in plasma
Down
- Secrete chemicals to attack disease-causing parasites
- Helps to maintain the proper amount of water in the blood
- Cells that destroy harmful pathogens
- A protein that allows red blood cells to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide through the blood as the cells travel through the circulatory system
- Cells Slow or stop the activity of B or T cells once a foreign invader has been con- trolled or destroyed
- Bone marrow cells with very large nuclei
- Immunity Is the type of immunity with which you were born
- cells Aid B lymphocytes in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production
- Plays an important role in blood clotting
- Substance that is harmful
- Large, single- nucleus phagocytes that ingest and dis- pose of dead or dying cells and tissues
- active immunity Developed when the body’s immune system is exposed to and learns to defend against one type of pathogen
23 Clues: Red blood cells • Blood platelets • White blood cells • Substance that is harmful • Disease-causing microor-ganism • Proteins that act as antibodies • Cells that destroy harmful pathogens • Key protein involved in blood clotting • Bone marrow cells with very large nuclei • Plays an important role in blood clotting • cells Attach themselves to antigens and kill them • ...
Chapter 21 The Lymphatic and Immune System 2012-06-14
Across
- WBCs that transform into macrophages
- immunity where lymphocytes directly attack and destroy foreign cells or diseased host cells
- local defensive response to tissue injury
- cells that phagocytize tissue debris, antigen presenting cell
- body's largest lymphatic organ
- any molecule that triggers an immune response
- tonsils found on each side of the root of the tongue
- tonsil on the wall of the pharynx just behind the nasal cavity
- when a lymph node becomes swollen and painful to the touch when it's under challenge from a foreign antigen
- lymphocytes and macrophages congregated in dense masses
- lymphocytes that differentiate into plasma cells
- WBCs that phagocytize, digest, and kill bacteria
- clear, colorless fluid, similar to blood plasma but low in protein
- leukocytes that crawl through the endothelial cells
- secreted when infected leukocytes are infected with a virus
- a vaccine is a type of artificial ____________ immunity
Down
- leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall
- lymphatic tissue where lymphocytes are scattered rather then densely clustered
- when an activated T cell undergoes repeated mitosis
- cells that attack and destroy bacteria
- dead cells, tissue debris, and tissue fluid that form a pool of yellowish fluid
- process in which antibodies link antigen molecules together
- immunity where antibodies tag a pathogen for destruction
- lymphatic nodules found at the distal portion of the small intestine
- excessive, harmful immune reaction to antigens that most people tolerate
- lymphocytes that mature in the thymus
- class of antibodies that crosses the placenta
27 Clues: body's largest lymphatic organ • WBCs that transform into macrophages • leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall • lymphocytes that mature in the thymus • cells that attack and destroy bacteria • local defensive response to tissue injury • any molecule that triggers an immune response • class of antibodies that crosses the placenta • ...
Immune System 2021-03-30
Across
- harmless variant or derivative of a pathogen that stimulates a host's immune system to mount defenses against the pathogen
- cells that develop from B cells and produce antibodies
- the ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them
- a type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles
- the short-term immunity that results from the introduction of antibodies from another person or animal
- proteins (cytokines) secreted by T cells and other cells to aid and regulate the immune response
- type of lymphocyte that kills infected body cells and cancer cells
- the body's specific recognition, response, and memory to a pathogen attack
- cells manufactured in the bone marrow that create antibodies for isolating and destroying invading bacteria and viruses
- watery fluid within lymphatic vessels
- having a hypersensitivity to a substance that does not normally cause a reaction.
Down
- a localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues
- organisms that cause disease
- the ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells
- activate macrophages, B cells and T cells.
- immunity that is present before exposure and effective from birth; responds to a broad range of pathogens
- a form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens
- the two types of white blood cells that are part of the body's immune system
- produced during a B cell response, but are not involved in antibody producing during the initial infection; are held in reserve for the rest of your life in case you encounter that pathogen again
- proteins that are produced by B lymphocytes and that attaches to a specific antigen keeping them from harming the body
- cells created in the thymus that produce substances that attack infected cells in the body
- recognize pathogens they have encountered before, allowing for a quicker immune response in a second exposure
22 Clues: organisms that cause disease • watery fluid within lymphatic vessels • activate macrophages, B cells and T cells. • cells that develop from B cells and produce antibodies • a localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues • type of lymphocyte that kills infected body cells and cancer cells • ...
MODULE 1: CROSSWORD PUZZLE 2025-02-15
Across
- Devised an agglutination reaction for the diagnosis of typhoid fever.
- Demonstration of cutaneous hypersensitivity
- the process of controlling infection and also called "inoculation"
- Largest cells in the peripheral blood
- causative agent of cow pox
- frequently lethal state of shock induced by second injection of antigen
- peptidoglycan in gram positive bacteria
- Study of immune system
- Least numerous of the WBCs found in peripheral blood, representing less than 1% of all circulating WBCs.
- Phagocytosis
- make a pathogen less virulent; it takes place through heat, aging, or chemical means
- Discovered the diphtheria toxin.
- theorized that immunization protects people against disease by exposing them to a version of a microbe that is harmless but is just enough like the disease-causing organism, or pathogen, that the immune system learns to fight it
- Presence or level of specific antibodies in the blood
- Discovered complement
- also called immunoglobulins
- farmer who inoculated his wife with vaccinia virus. First record of anyone using vaccinia virus to “protect” against smallpox
- lipoprotein found in mycobacteria.
- king of immune system
- pioneer in the humoral theory of immunity
- benign disease caused by a virus closely related to the smallpox virus
Down
- 10 to 15 μm in diameter with a nucleus that has between two and five lobes, which are connected by thin, threadlike filaments
- histiocytes
- osteoclasts
- lipopolysaccharide in gram negative bacteria.
- Monocytes are transformed into this once it reaches tissues
- the state of being exempted to disease
- all that can cause immune response
- Are concerned with humoral immunity
- Can also perform phagocytosis but less efficient than neutrophils (low in number).
- also known as Cattle Plague
- received a letter from a trade in China which reported a method that would prevent a future smallpox disease
- alveolar macrophages
- he discovered vaccination
- A Russian biologist demonstrated that certain blood cells could ingest foreign material
- Discovered precipitins
- used serum to treat diseases and discovered immunity against diphtheria and tetanus
- Kupffer cells.
- year when the Worl Health Assembly officially declared “the world and its people” free from endemic smallpox.
- Microglial cells
40 Clues: histiocytes • osteoclasts • Phagocytosis • Kupffer cells. • Microglial cells • alveolar macrophages • Discovered complement • king of immune system • Study of immune system • Discovered precipitins • he discovered vaccination • causative agent of cow pox • also known as Cattle Plague • also called immunoglobulins • Discovered the diphtheria toxin. • all that can cause immune response • ...
MODULE 1: CROSSWORD PUZZLE 2025-02-15
Across
- farmer who inoculated his wife with vaccinia virus. First record of anyone using vaccinia virus to “protect” against smallpox
- pioneer in the humoral theory of immunity
- histiocytes
- received a letter from a trade in China which reported a method that would prevent a future smallpox disease
- used serum to treat diseases and discovered immunity against diphtheria and tetanus
- Devised an agglutination reaction for the diagnosis of typhoid fever.
- Monocytes are transformed into this once it reaches tissues
- Discovered precipitins
- benign disease caused by a virus closely related to the smallpox virus
- Kupffer cells.
- Least numerous of the WBCs found in peripheral blood, representing less than 1% of all circulating WBCs.
- year when the Worl Health Assembly officially declared “the world and its people” free from endemic smallpox.
- the process of controlling infection and also called "inoculation"
- all that can cause immune response
- Demonstration of cutaneous hypersensitivity
- also known as Cattle Plague
- Are concerned with humoral immunity
- king of immune system
Down
- osteoclasts
- make a pathogen less virulent; it takes place through heat, aging, or chemical means
- he discovered vaccination
- Phagocytosis
- alveolar macrophages
- theorized that immunization protects people against disease by exposing them to a version of a microbe that is harmless but is just enough like the disease-causing organism, or pathogen, that the immune system learns to fight it
- A Russian biologist demonstrated that certain blood cells could ingest foreign material
- Largest cells in the peripheral blood
- Presence or level of specific antibodies in the blood
- Discovered the diphtheria toxin.
- frequently lethal state of shock induced by second injection of antigen
- peptidoglycan in gram positive bacteria
- causative agent of cow pox
- the state of being exempted to disease
- Discovered complement
- lipopolysaccharide in gram negative bacteria.
- Can also perform phagocytosis but less efficient than neutrophils (low in number).
- Study of immune system
- lipoprotein found in mycobacteria.
- also called immunoglobulins
- Microglial cells
- 10 to 15 μm in diameter with a nucleus that has between two and five lobes, which are connected by thin, threadlike filaments
40 Clues: osteoclasts • histiocytes • Phagocytosis • Kupffer cells. • Microglial cells • alveolar macrophages • Discovered complement • king of immune system • Discovered precipitins • Study of immune system • he discovered vaccination • causative agent of cow pox • also called immunoglobulins • also known as Cattle Plague • Discovered the diphtheria toxin. • lipoprotein found in mycobacteria. • ...
Pathophysiology Midterm Review 2023-03-07
Across
- Invented the small pix vaccine
- most chemical reactions in an organism are regulated by this organ catalysts
- Naturally acquired immunity or artificially acquired from vaccines
- This type of immunity is antibody response when foreign material is detected
- type of rejection causes the blood to clot and prevents blood supply from reaching the graft causing immediate reject of the organ
- Y-shaped protein produced by a B Cell
- process which foreign DNA is deliberately introduced into a eukaryotic DNA through Non-viral methods in the lab
- Last name of scientist who created CRISPR technology to change DNA
- protein monomer (2 words)
- cell part that makes energy
- symbols of elements found in Carbohydrates and Lipids
Down
- nucleic acid monomer
- if there are many cases of an infectious disease within several regions of the world.
- This type of immunity is when antibodies are obtained from the serum of an immune human or animal
- cells that are undifferentiated
- Cancer is a disease that develops gradually and long-term causing more damage (2 words)
- The indication of the disease rate within a group
- caused by the formation of antibodies following the detection of non-self antigens in the donated graft
- genetic material is transferred through direct contact to a bacterium
- programmed cell death that is activated by an internal program
- when a doctor makes an excision to collect a small amount of living tissue
- this type of necrosis produces a thick yellowish "cheesy" gross appearance
22 Clues: nucleic acid monomer • protein monomer (2 words) • cell part that makes energy • Invented the small pix vaccine • cells that are undifferentiated • Y-shaped protein produced by a B Cell • The indication of the disease rate within a group • symbols of elements found in Carbohydrates and Lipids • programmed cell death that is activated by an internal program • ...
Immune/Lymphatic System 2025-05-23
Across
- Immunity gained via human interventions
- The type of immunity where the body's immune system is stimulated to make antibodies against specific antigen
- A toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of the antibodies.
- Any illness/health condition that is caused or exacerbated by exposure to factors in the environment.
- Acute contagious disease caused by the variola virus
- A type of immune response that doesn't rely on antibodies but involves the activation of cells
- Blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen
- Body’s ability to develop a targeted defense against specific pathogens or antigens it previously encountered
- Small white blood cell with a single round nucleus occurring especially in the lymphatic
- A type of white blood cell that makes infection-fighting proteins called antibodies
- The group of organs, vessels and tissues that protect you from infection and keep a healthy balance of fluids throughout your body.
- Complex network of organs cells and protein that protect the body from infections and other harmful substances.
Down
- The type of immunity where you receives antibodies from another source
- A health problem caused by a change in person's DNA
- Protective response of the body to tissue damage infection
- Protection your body gains when is fights specific infection
- A natural response by the body to injury or infection
- Created the smallpox vaccination
- Colorless cell that circulates in the blood and body fluids
- The body’s general defense mechanisms that protect against a wide range of pathogens and foreign substances without recognizing specific antigens
- Innate immune system where the body's nonspecific response to pathogens after the feisty line of defense is breached
- Neurons that maintain persistent activity during the retention of an item in working memory for its utilization in a prospective act.
- Being resistant to a particular infectious disease or pathogen
- A type of white blood cells that surround and kills microorganisms
- The specific immune system
- The type of cell in the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and cells and particles
- Ability of bacteria to survive exposure to a drug that would normally kill them
- Antibody-mediated immunity mechanism that primarily defends against extracellular pathogens like bacteria viruses that use antibodies to neutralize them and prevent their spread
- The most advanced stage of HIV infection
- A bacteria or microorganism that cause disease
- Initial barriers and mechanisms the body uses to protect itself against pathogens
- The type of white blood cell crucial for the immune system
32 Clues: The specific immune system • Created the smallpox vaccination • Immunity gained via human interventions • The most advanced stage of HIV infection • A bacteria or microorganism that cause disease • A health problem caused by a change in person's DNA • Acute contagious disease caused by the variola virus • A natural response by the body to injury or infection • ...
Immune System 2024-05-12
Across
- proteins made by B lymphocytes
- the body's defense against infections
- immunity everyone is born with
- white blood cells that help the body remember and destroy invader
Down
- white blood cells
- a way to introduce an antigen without getting someone sick
- foreign substances
- destroy antigens
- white blood cells that chew up invading organisms
- immunity that develops throughout our lives
10 Clues: destroy antigens • white blood cells • foreign substances • proteins made by B lymphocytes • immunity everyone is born with • the body's defense against infections • immunity that develops throughout our lives • white blood cells that chew up invading organisms • a way to introduce an antigen without getting someone sick • ...
Dr. Reddy's Crossword 2025-09-01
Across
- A Dr. Reddy's multivitamin supplement brand
- Opposite of passive
- Applied to skin, not taken orally
- Element key to immunity; Becozinc capsules contain 20mg of this
- Becozinc-G helps to boost this.
Down
- The body's defense system against infections.
- Overall well-being
- A topical pain relief gel with nimesulide.
- Ache or soreness
- An adaptogenic herb known for boosting energy.
10 Clues: Ache or soreness • Overall well-being • Opposite of passive • Becozinc-G helps to boost this. • Applied to skin, not taken orally • A topical pain relief gel with nimesulide. • A Dr. Reddy's multivitamin supplement brand • The body's defense system against infections. • An adaptogenic herb known for boosting energy. • ...
The Immune Suystem (E.A., A. J.) 2023-10-16
Across
- When infected the cytotoxic T cell releases granzymes and ...
- What types of cells have the ability to recognise a foreign particle that was previously encountered producing a faster immune response
- What stimulates cell mediated and humoral immunity by binding to receptors on cytoxic T cells and B cells
- Cell involved in innate immunity with granules in their cytoplasm
- B and T cell responses happen at the ... time
- vaccines are attenuated virus/bacteria that trigger a ... response and memory cells
- There are two types of specific immune responses in mammalian immune system, antibody mediated and ...
- What exposure of the antigen stimulates memory cells?
- A globular protein associated with the immune system
Down
- Cells that play an important role in the adaptive immune system
- Innate immunity is called what response
- What type of T cell (presents antigen) interacts with B cells
- Binding of the antibodies can ... the pathogen in a number of ways
- Cells infected with the pathogen activate what type of T cell
- What shape is an antibody protein
- What is a mix of antibodies that bind to multiple epitopes found in blood serum called?
- B cells have receptors that react directly with antigens in blood this gives rise to ...
17 Clues: What shape is an antibody protein • Innate immunity is called what response • B and T cell responses happen at the ... time • A globular protein associated with the immune system • What exposure of the antigen stimulates memory cells? • When infected the cytotoxic T cell releases granzymes and ... • What type of T cell (presents antigen) interacts with B cells • ...
ระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน 2020-09-27
Across
- เบโซฟิล
- ภูมิคุ้มกันที่เกิดจากร่างกายสร้างแอนติบอดีขึ้นมาเอง
- ตัวสำคัญในการทำลายสิ่งแปลกปลอมแบบจำเพาะ
- ภูมิคุ้มกันเเบบนี้มีมาตั้งเเต่เกิด
- เม็ดเลือดขาวที่ไม่มีกรานูล
- น้ำนมแม่
- เม็ดเลือดขาวที่มีกรานูล
- การกลืนหรือล้อมเข้าเซลล์
- เซลล์เนื้องอก
- อยู่ในต่อมน้ำตาสามารถทำลายผนังเซลล์ของแบคทีเรียได้
- กลไกของร่างกายที่ต้านทานต่อโรคใดโรคหนึ่ง โดยภูมิคุ้มกันอาจเกิดเพียงชั่วคราวหรือตลอดไปก็ได้
- โรคที่ร่างกายสร้างภูมิต้านทานต่อต้านเนื้อเยื่อของตนเอง
- ภูมิคุ้มกันที่เกิดขึ้นหลังคลอด
- กระบวนการเปลี่ยนแปลงสมบัติของจุลินทรีย์หรือสิ่งแปลกปลอม
- เกิดจากร่างกายสร้างภูมิคุ้มกัน หรือแอนติบอดีขึ้นมาต่อต้านแอนติเจนที่ไม่เป็นอันตรายในคนทั่วไป
Down
- การป้องกันโดยสารเคมีในร่างกาย
- ต่อมไทมัส
- การปล่อยสิ่งแปลกปลอมที่ถูกทำลายออกสู่ภายนอกเซลล์
- ไขกระดูก
- เม็ดเลือดขาวในกลุ่มที่ไม่มีกรานูล
- ทำหน้าที่จดจำลักษณะของแอนติเจนแต่ละชนิดที่เคยเข้าสู่ร่างกาย
- ภูมิคุ้มกันรับมา
- อีโอซิโนฟิล
- สารที่ก่อให้เกิดการเเพ้
- การเคลื่อนตัวเพื่อเข้าไปหาสิ่งแปลกปลอมนั้น
- ต่อมทอนซิล
- สารพิษจากเชื้อโรคซึ่งถูกทําให้หมดสภาพความเป็นพิษแล้ว
- ภูมิคุ้มกันก่อเอง
- สิ่งแปลกปลอมที่ร่างกายยังไม่รู้จัก
- นิวโทรฟิล
30 Clues: เบโซฟิล • ไขกระดูก • น้ำนมแม่ • ต่อมไทมัส • นิวโทรฟิล • ต่อมทอนซิล • อีโอซิโนฟิล • เซลล์เนื้องอก • ภูมิคุ้มกันรับมา • ภูมิคุ้มกันก่อเอง • สารที่ก่อให้เกิดการเเพ้ • เม็ดเลือดขาวที่มีกรานูล • การกลืนหรือล้อมเข้าเซลล์ • เม็ดเลือดขาวที่ไม่มีกรานูล • การป้องกันโดยสารเคมีในร่างกาย • ภูมิคุ้มกันที่เกิดขึ้นหลังคลอด • เม็ดเลือดขาวในกลุ่มที่ไม่มีกรานูล • ภูมิคุ้มกันเเบบนี้มีมาตั้งเเต่เกิด • ...
Crossword Puzzle: Immunology 2018-01-12
Across
- ___ Immunity. Acquired and slowly developed overtime
- Examples like the Skin, Mucous membrane
- Development of disease
- Type of white blood cell that produces antibodies
- Foreign substances that enter the body, making you sick
Down
- A substance produced by lymphocytes in response to foreign cells
- Another name for white blood cell
- The biological study of immune systems
- The process of foreign substances attacking your body
- Type of white blood cell that ingest invader cells
- ___ Immunity. First Line of Defence
- Foreign substances introduced to the body
12 Clues: Development of disease • Another name for white blood cell • ___ Immunity. First Line of Defence • The biological study of immune systems • Examples like the Skin, Mucous membrane • Foreign substances introduced to the body • Type of white blood cell that produces antibodies • Type of white blood cell that ingest invader cells • ...
Individual Immunity Challenge 2022-08-19
Across
- Name of the orange tribe in SurvivorOnTheGram’s Season 8
- Winner of Season 9 of TrailerParkSurvivor
- Name of the lime green tribe in PrincessSurvivor Season 4
- 3rd hashtag on Aries’ vote out post in Coast2CoastSurvivor Season 5
- Location of APG Season 19
- Theme of SharkySurvivor Season 7
- Castaway #6 in LogVivor Season 1
Down
- Color of the merge tribe of StoneySurvivor: All Stars
- 13th person voted out of Simps Season 15
- How many votes Patty got to win Survivor Cliques: Legends
- How many starting tribes KRC Season 12 begin with
- Location of LogVivor Season 3
- Player ranked 33 in KRC’s Top 50 story
- Name of the 16th challenge in SurvivorFrenzy Season 7
14 Clues: Location of APG Season 19 • Location of LogVivor Season 3 • Theme of SharkySurvivor Season 7 • Castaway #6 in LogVivor Season 1 • Player ranked 33 in KRC’s Top 50 story • 13th person voted out of Simps Season 15 • Winner of Season 9 of TrailerParkSurvivor • How many starting tribes KRC Season 12 begin with • Color of the merge tribe of StoneySurvivor: All Stars • ...
Immunity Key Words 2024-01-08
Across
- Protein that triggers cell death by osmotic lysis
- White blood cell forming non-specific defence
- Protein found on the surface of cells
- Word to describe antibody derived from one cloned plasma cell.
- Process by which B cell divides rapidly by mitosis (2)
- Enzyme found in HIV viruses (2)
- The reason a new influenza vaccine is developed each year (2)
Down
- B cell
- Process by which B cell with complementary receptor is chosen (2)
- Process by which HIV viruses leave host cell
- One type of cell B cell can become (2)
- One type of cell B cell can become (2)
- Infections that happen when immunity is low
- Process by which antibodies cause pathogens to clump together.
- Time which HIV hides in cells before developing into AIDS (2)
15 Clues: B cell • Enzyme found in HIV viruses (2) • Protein found on the surface of cells • One type of cell B cell can become (2) • One type of cell B cell can become (2) • Infections that happen when immunity is low • Process by which HIV viruses leave host cell • White blood cell forming non-specific defence • Protein that triggers cell death by osmotic lysis • ...
Circulation and Lymphatic Vocabulary 2017-04-18
Across
- a small vein
- present in the plasma and attach to RBC’s with antigens
- chambers of the heart that receives blood from veins
- the part of the heart that separates the two upper chambers
- when white blood in bone marrow becomes cancerous
- a clot that develops and persists in an unbroken blood vessel
- immunity provided by antibodies released by sensitized B cells and their plasma cell progeny
- severe,suffocation chest pain caused by brief lack of oxygen to heart muscle
- the fluid portion of the blood
- the oxygen transporting pigment of erythrocytes
- immunity produced by an encounter with an antigen
- when the heart contracts
- the membranous sac enveloping the heart
- abnormal or unusual heart sounds
- guard the bases of the two large arteries leaving the ventricular chambers
- lymphocytes that mediate cellular immunity
- minute artery
- results from an insufficient number of circulating platelets
- sets the rhythm of the heart and regulates it activity
- phagocytic cells that cause fever and provides the inflammatory response
- relaxation in the heart
- a serous membrane that tightly hugs the external surface of the heart
- the stoppage of bleeding
- a vessel that carries blood away from the heart
- blood cell formation
- binding of the antibodies which causes RBC’s to clump
- an abnormally high blood pressure
- presence of an abnormally large number of erythrocytes in the blood
- tiny white cords that anchor the flaps to the walls of the ventricles
- a condition characterized by dead tissue areas in the myocardium caused by interpretation of blood supply to the area
- the pressure the blood exerts against the inner walls of the blood vessels
- blood clotting
- watery fluid in the lymph vessels collected from the tissue spaces
- specialized tissue of the heart
- RBC’s that primary function is to carry oxygen in blood to all cells in the body
- an endocrine gland active in the immune system
- a tubelike offshoot of the first part of the large intestine
Down
- the obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus
- resembles tonsils and found in the wall of the distal part of the small intestine
- lack visible cytoplasmic granules and include lymphocytes and monocytes
- disease causing microorganism
- the cardiac muscle layer of the heart wall
- the endothelial membrane living the interior of the heart
- system of blood vessels that carry nutrients and oxygen rich blood to all body organs
- small masses of lymphoid tissue that rings the pharynx to trap or remove bacteria
- the mass of specialized myocardial cells in the wall of the right atrium
- volume of blood pumped out by a ventricle with each heartbeat
- how often the heart beats per minute
- cone shaped muscles found in the heart ventricles
- low blood pressure
- immunity acquired through infection or passed from mother to child
- immunity conferred by lymphocytes called T cells
- organ that filters blood
- a graphic record of the electrical activity of the heart
- a vessel carrying blood away from the tissues toward the heart
- immunity required from a secondary source
- skin, mucous membranes, and secretions of skin
- production of red blood cells
- rounded most superior part of the heart
- transports everything needed for the body to function throughout the body
- an inflammatory chemical that makes blood vessels leaky and attracts WBC’s to the inflamed site
- the circulation from the right side of the heart, to the lungs, and back to the left side of the heart
- prevents backflow into the atria when ventricles contract
- short lived immunity resulting from the introduction of “borrowed antibodies” obtained from and immune animal or donor
- lymphocytes that oversee humoral immunity
- WBC’s that are crucial to the body’s defense against disease
- a minute blood vessel connecting arterioles with venules
- when the WBC count is above 11,000 cells/mm^3
- a bleeding disorder caused from lack of any factors needed in clotting
- the blood volume ejected per minute by the left ventricle
- purple RBC in lymphatic tissue important to immune response
- these aren’t technically cells, have no nucleus, and is involved in clotting
- WBC’s made to kill bacteria and fungi
- a substance that the body recognizes as foreign
- discharging chambers of the heart
- the largest WBC’s and become macrophages
- lacking blood as a result of either a lack of RBC’s or abnormal hemoglobin content in RBC
- made by fibrinogen and are insoluble
78 Clues: a small vein • minute artery • blood clotting • low blood pressure • blood cell formation • relaxation in the heart • organ that filters blood • when the heart contracts • the stoppage of bleeding • disease causing microorganism • production of red blood cells • the fluid portion of the blood • specialized tissue of the heart • abnormal or unusual heart sounds • ...
Day 5-2 2013-12-19
19 Clues: 면제 • 명확한 • 풍부한 • 견디다 • 개선하다 • 허락하다 • 실질적인 • 사실상/거의 • 빈약한, 부족한 • 이리저리 흔들다 • 조심(경계)하는 • 지지하다/부양하다 • 얼얼하다, 쓰리다 • 근본적인/급진적인 • ~로 향하게 하다 • sight of 잊다 • and bolts 기본 • 드물게, 좀처럼 ~않는 • retrospect 되돌아보면, 회상하면
Korsord 2021-12-22
Immunology 2015-02-10
Across
- Looking for the presence of antigens.
- A major role in allergic reactions and stain with methylene blue.
- responsible for burst release of preformed cytokines, chemokines and histamine.
- Resistance developed in response to stimulus by an antigen and is characterized by the production of the antibodies by the host.
- Lack CD4,CD8, specificity and memory.
- Developed a vaccine against Pasteurella multocida.
- These are materials prepared in animals or non human sources such as horses.
- A method of giving antigen to stimulate the immune response through active immunization.
- Agglutination of red blood cells.
- One of the easiest serology tests.
- An immuno-biological substance designed to produce specific protection against a given disease.
- performed before exposure to an infectious agent.
- Prepared by detoxifying the exotoxins of some bacteria rendering them antigenic but not pathogenic.
- Promote the humoral immunity suppressing the cellular immunity.
- Allergic reaction characterized by symptoms with fever, rash, joint pains occuring 7-12 days of injection of antiserum.
- These are prepared from extracellular fractions.
- Promote the cellular immunity suppressing the humoral immunity.
- Is the percent at risk or susceptible individuals or population who have been fully immunized against particular diseases by vaccines or toxoids.
- Made from live infectious agents without any amendment.
- Induction of adaptive immune response with protection and memory.
- A cell that hasn't be encountered with an antigen.
- determines optimal antibody and antigen concentrations.
- the ability of the immune system to control and regulate it own responses.
- Express CD8.
- Looking for antibodies that have formed against antigens.
- Kill virus infected or transformed cells.
Down
- Homeostatic regulator of inflammation and kills parasitic worms.
- the route of administration for BCG and Sabine vaccines.
- A unique determinant on an Ab usually formed by on or more hypervariable regions
- Process of separating proteins in a mixture
- A procedure deisgned to increase concentration of antibiotics and/or effector T-cells which are reactive against against infection.
- It is the clumping of insoluble particles.
- Formation & development of WBCs and RBCs from stem cells.
- Transplental transfer of maternal Ig G antibodies to developing fetus.
- Prepared by cloning HBsAg gene in yeast cells where it is expressed.
- Cross-linking of antibodies with particulate antigen causes agglutination.
- Administration of antigens from several pathogens.
- These are usually done to evaluate the efficacy of the vaccines.
- Route of administration for BCG vaccine.
- Gives positive feedback regulation.
- Use pathogens with reduced virulence and can result in mild infections.
- Individual acquires immunity through the transfer of antibodies formed by immune individual or animal.
- used to measure specific antibodies in a person's serum.
- Macrophages of the lungs.
- The person who discovered the process of vaccination.
- Immunity conferred by an antibody produced in another host, it may be aquired naturally or artificially.
- Viruses will kill appropriate cell cultures.
- Performed during an active infection.
- A system of storage and transport of vaccines at low temperature from the manufacturer to the actual vaccination site.
- The study of body fluids.
- Produced in the bone marrow and matures in the thymus.
51 Clues: Express CD8. • Macrophages of the lungs. • The study of body fluids. • Agglutination of red blood cells. • One of the easiest serology tests. • Gives positive feedback regulation. • Looking for the presence of antigens. • Lack CD4,CD8, specificity and memory. • Performed during an active infection. • Route of administration for BCG vaccine. • ...
Introduction to the Immune System 2020-07-10
Across
- Strong acid and enzymes within this organ digests microbes preventing infection
- This term means a lack of immune response to a particular antigen; this is helpful in preventing the immune system from attacking the body
- Monocytes develop into these phagocytic cells when they migrate into tissues.
- This nonspecific barrier is covered with oily and acidic secretions from sweat and oil glands as well as enzymes that help to defend against invaders
- A group of proteins that help attract phagocytic cells to invaders and help burst foreign cells
- A type of B cell that is responsible for the faster antibody response that occurs when an organism has already been exposed to the antigen and has previously developed antibodies to it
- Also known as plasma cells, these lymphocytes make antibodies and so are vital for humoral immunity
- A Y shaped protein produced by plasma cells that binds to an antigen
- Microscopic single celled organism, some of which are beneficial and some of which cause disease
- This type of immunity does not involve antibodies; Cells directly attack cancer cells, body cells infected by viruses, and foreign tissue/material
- White blood cells
- An infectious agent that can only replicate inside the cells of living organisms
- This type of cell is part of the innate immune system and they kill cells without the need for antigen display
- This type of immunity involves the recognition and processing of an antigen such that a specific and targeted attack is made by the immune system which includes a memory response which will make future responses to that specific antigen faster and more efficient.
Down
- something capable of causing disease
- Any structure that generates an antibody response; may be pathogenic or nonpathogenic
- Redness, heat, pain, swelling and loss of function are hallmarks of this protective response to injury designed to help remove the inciting cause and speed healing.
- Another term that means antibody
- This type of T cell, also known as a Regulatory T Cell, serves to decrease the immune response thus helping to prevent autoimmune disease
- The term for the bacteria that live in the gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts that help prevent colonization of these areas by pathogenic bacteria
- A term meaning cellular eating where a cell engulfs a particle such as another cell, bacteria, or foreign material.
- When the body’s immune system attacks part of the body to which it should be tolerant, but isn’t
- Chemical properties of the antigen activate this type of immunity which consists of nonspecific physical barriers, proteins in the blood, and certain immune system cells
- A particular type of T cell that is part of the adaptive immune system; they activate B cells, macrophages, and cytotoxic T cells
- Small fingerlike projections help sweep invaders up the respiratory tract keeping them from invading the lungs
- This type of T cell kills damaged cells, cancer cells, and/or virus infected cells that are displaying specific antigens
- This class of lymphocytes are important in cell mediated immunity
- This type of immunity involves antibodies binding with antigen; it is most effective for viruses that lie outside body cells, bacteria, and toxins.
28 Clues: White blood cells • Another term that means antibody • something capable of causing disease • This class of lymphocytes are important in cell mediated immunity • A Y shaped protein produced by plasma cells that binds to an antigen • Monocytes develop into these phagocytic cells when they migrate into tissues. • ...
Assignment Week12 2025-04-10
Across
- tumoral cells less specialized than normal cells
- immunity specific and slower
- proteins that directly attack foreign antigens
Down
- immunity immediate and generalized
- protein that, if overexpressed causes cancer
- tumor that spreads to other parts of the body
- antigen receptor therapy
- tumor that does not spread
- cells that release histamine triggered by complement
- molecules recognized by the immune system
10 Clues: antigen receptor therapy • tumor that does not spread • immunity specific and slower • immunity immediate and generalized • molecules recognized by the immune system • protein that, if overexpressed causes cancer • tumor that spreads to other parts of the body • proteins that directly attack foreign antigens • tumoral cells less specialized than normal cells • ...
The 3Rs of animal research 2025-05-20
Across
- na (np. 3 na 10 osób)
- zmieniać
- kręgowce
- uszkadzać, upośledzać, osłabiać
- czasochłonne
- lek przeciwbólowy
- zastąpienie
- cierpienie
- próbka
- linia komórkowa
- komórka
Down
- tkanka
- udoskonalenie
- powtarzalne (wyniki)
- częściowe
- ograniczenie
- odporność
- niedojrzałe
- (komórki) pierwotne
- humanitarne (np. traktowanie)
- bezkręgowce
- badania
- polityka/strategia
23 Clues: tkanka • próbka • badania • komórka • zmieniać • kręgowce • częściowe • odporność • cierpienie • niedojrzałe • zastąpienie • bezkręgowce • ograniczenie • czasochłonne • udoskonalenie • linia komórkowa • lek przeciwbólowy • polityka/strategia • (komórki) pierwotne • powtarzalne (wyniki) • na (np. 3 na 10 osób) • humanitarne (np. traktowanie) • uszkadzać, upośledzać, osłabiać
Immune System 2021-08-01
Across
- Cells responsible for cell-mediated immunity
- Name of 1st line of defence
- Process of "eating" pathogens
- Most prominent barrier of the body
Down
- Organisms that take advantage of others
- One of the "messenger" cells
- Responsible for humoral immunity
- Microorganisms that cause disease
- Proteins that help viruses access human cells
- Type of vaccine that most of you have taken
10 Clues: Name of 1st line of defence • One of the "messenger" cells • Process of "eating" pathogens • Responsible for humoral immunity • Microorganisms that cause disease • Most prominent barrier of the body • Organisms that take advantage of others • Type of vaccine that most of you have taken • Cells responsible for cell-mediated immunity • ...
Scythedom Crossword 2023-01-19
Across
- a popular gleaning method
- an instrument used to cut grass or shrubs
- gives scythes power to glean and grant immunity
- something scythes have to use every day
- a group of scythes
- An experienced or trusted advisor
Down
- a type of fighting
- getting killed by a scythe
- something only a scythe can grant
- a quarterly meeting of scythes
10 Clues: a type of fighting • a group of scythes • a popular gleaning method • getting killed by a scythe • a quarterly meeting of scythes • something only a scythe can grant • An experienced or trusted advisor • something scythes have to use every day • an instrument used to cut grass or shrubs • gives scythes power to glean and grant immunity
Tony's CrossWord Puzzle 2014-02-01
14 Clues: Child • Germs • purity • Society • immunity • Outbreak • Sickness • Injection • Infection • Widespread • Bloodsucker • Microorganism • insect that carries a disease • small organism or single celled
The Crossword Puzzle 2014-04-24
Across
- Dull,zesty
- Understood, Questionable
- Gloomy,doleful
- extract, entangle
- Defy, obey
- Clumsy,manageable
- Harsh,bland
- Synonym: Immunity,
- Grouchy,docile
Down
- Synonym: Self-Government, Antonym: dependence
- Just, unjust
- Strict,loose
- principle
- swipe
- Sleepy,stimulating
- Healthful,pernicious
- impermanent, permanent
- Announce, hide
- Warning
- Plague, blessing
20 Clues: swipe • Warning • principle • Dull,zesty • Defy, obey • Harsh,bland • Just, unjust • Strict,loose • Gloomy,doleful • Announce, hide • Grouchy,docile • Plague, blessing • extract, entangle • Clumsy,manageable • Sleepy,stimulating • Synonym: Immunity, • Healthful,pernicious • impermanent, permanent • Understood, Questionable • Synonym: Self-Government, Antonym: dependence
Vocabulary Words: List 8 2013-10-23
Across
- procedure,process
- healthy,beneficial
- melancholy,unhealthy
- destructive,poisonous
- spiteful,malicious
- annoying,troublesome
- decay,aggravate
- cure,remedy
- chrism,ointment
- fat,greasy
Down
- improve,revive
- release,freedom
- sickness,infection
- harmful,virulent
- mouth-runner,obsessed
- beneficial,salutary
- injury,wound,scratch
- biting,constrictent
- encouraging,refreshing
- eulogy,triology
20 Clues: fat,greasy • cure,remedy • improve,revive • release,freedom • decay,aggravate • chrism,ointment • eulogy,triology • harmful,virulent • procedure,process • healthy,beneficial • sickness,infection • spiteful,malicious • beneficial,salutary • biting,constrictent • melancholy,unhealthy • annoying,troublesome • injury,wound,scratch • destructive,poisonous • mouth-runner,obsessed • encouraging,refreshing
Буквы Ж, З, И 2017-08-21
29 Clues: zoo • idea • tool • zone • ideal • zebra • import • journal • zoology • history • gesture • instinct • interest • immunity • idealist • Internet • engineer • institute • historian • intuition • zoologist • intonation • information • interesting • intelligence • journalist (man) • journalist (woman) • intellectual (man) • intellectual (woman)
3Rs of animal research 2025-05-19
Across
- na (np. 3 na 10 osób)
- odporność
- próbka
- bezkręgowce
- ograniczenie
- badania
- kręgowce
- komórka
- powtarzalne (wyniki)
- linia komórkowa
Down
- (komórki) pierwotne
- zmieniać
- cierpienie
- tissue
- czasochłonne
- udoskonalenie
- niedojrzałe
- uszkadzać, upośledzać, osłabiać
- humanitarne (np. traktowanie)
- zastąpienie
- częściowe
- lek przeciwbólowy
- polityka/strategia
23 Clues: tissue • próbka • badania • komórka • zmieniać • kręgowce • odporność • częściowe • cierpienie • bezkręgowce • niedojrzałe • zastąpienie • czasochłonne • ograniczenie • udoskonalenie • linia komórkowa • lek przeciwbólowy • polityka/strategia • (komórki) pierwotne • powtarzalne (wyniki) • na (np. 3 na 10 osób) • humanitarne (np. traktowanie) • uszkadzać, upośledzać, osłabiać
Medical Terminology 2025-11-03
29 Clues: new • low • pain • high • ears • eyes • self • water • above • gland • false • small • blood • lungs • cancer • before • shapes • around • beside • urinary • against • disease • immunity • voicebox • chemical • different • intestine • among, between • under, beneath,below
reading vocab człowiek 1 2025-11-21
Across
- zaangażowany
- ewolucyjny
- zmieniony
- etniczny
- roślinny
- przodkowie
- trawienny
- odporność
- rosnący, zwiększający się
- zębowy, dentystyczny
- przetrwający
Down
- włączony, zawarty
- angażować się
- przeludnienie
- znaczenie
- wejścia
- znacząco
- bez względu na
- krępy, masywniejszy
- szczęka
- oczekiwana długość (np. życia)
- mądrość
- okres
- według
- choroby
- etniczny
26 Clues: okres • według • wejścia • szczęka • mądrość • choroby • znacząco • etniczny • roślinny • etniczny • znaczenie • zmieniony • trawienny • odporność • ewolucyjny • przodkowie • zaangażowany • przetrwający • angażować się • przeludnienie • bez względu na • włączony, zawarty • krępy, masywniejszy • zębowy, dentystyczny • rosnący, zwiększający się • oczekiwana długość (np. życia)
Micro Organisms 2020-05-07
Across
- single celled organism-causes disease rapidly
- strict isolation to prevent spread of a virus
- Non-living thing that infects plants or animals
- special proteins that kills pathogens
- a dead form of pathogen to help build immunity
- treating a disease with heat to stop spreading
- drugs that kill bacteria
Down
- when a disease spread around the globe
- one celled animal like protest- lives anywhere
- many cases of a disease in one place
- white blood cells that rapidly kills a virus
- Micro Organisms that cause disease
12 Clues: drugs that kill bacteria • Micro Organisms that cause disease • many cases of a disease in one place • special proteins that kills pathogens • when a disease spread around the globe • white blood cells that rapidly kills a virus • single celled organism-causes disease rapidly • strict isolation to prevent spread of a virus • one celled animal like protest- lives anywhere • ...
Immunity 2025-07-30
6 Clues: mosquito is an example • produced by lymphocytes • a microorganism that causes disease • protein found on the outside of pathogen • a type of immunity that produces memory cells • when an infected person's blood comes in contact with a person; this is a type of transmission
Leadership 2013-05-08
Coronavirus 2021-04-15
24 Clues: tosse • febbre • vaccino • decessi • visiera • tampone • sintomi • contagio • variante • letalità • pandemia • anticorpi • isolamento • mascherina • quarantena • igienizzante • videolezione • confinamento • sanificazione • smart working • assembramento • immunità di gregge • didattica a distanza • distanziamento sociale
Crossword Puzzle: Immunology 2018-01-12
Across
- The biological study of immune systems
- Another name for white blood cell
- ___ Immunity. First Line of Defence
- A substance produced by lymphocytes in response to foreign cells
- Examples like the Skin, Mucous membrane
- Foreign substances that enter your body, and make you sick
Down
- ___ Immunity. Acquired and slowly developed overtime
- Type of white blood cell that produces antibodies
- Development of disease
- Type of white blood cell that ingest invader cells
- Foreign substances introduced to the body
- The process of foreign substances attacking your body
12 Clues: Development of disease • Another name for white blood cell • ___ Immunity. First Line of Defence • The biological study of immune systems • Examples like the Skin, Mucous membrane • Foreign substances introduced to the body • Type of white blood cell that produces antibodies • Type of white blood cell that ingest invader cells • ...
Lymphatic System 2024-04-25
Across
- bacterial and viral infections of the tonsils
- disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks normal tissue
- produces lymphocytes
- filters bacteria
Down
- immunity passed through mothers antibodies to baby
- 1st line of defense
- produces lymphocytes and monocytes
- face rash usually in the shape of a butterfly
- autoimmune disorder that attacks the thyroid glands
- spreads through bodily fluids especially saliva/kissing
- immunity you are born with (organs, tissues, cells of the immune system)
- treatment is compression devices
12 Clues: filters bacteria • 1st line of defense • produces lymphocytes • treatment is compression devices • produces lymphocytes and monocytes • bacterial and viral infections of the tonsils • face rash usually in the shape of a butterfly • immunity passed through mothers antibodies to baby • autoimmune disorder that attacks the thyroid glands • ...
ระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน 2020-09-27
Across
- เบโซฟิล
- ภูมิคุ้มกันที่เกิดจากร่างกายสร้างแอนติบอดีขึ้นมาเอง
- ตัวสำคัญในการทำลายสิ่งแปลกปลอมแบบจำเพาะ
- ภูมิคุ้มกันเเบบนี้มีมาตั้งเเต่เกิด
- เม็ดเลือดขาวที่ไม่มีกรานูล
- น้ำนมแม่
- เม็ดเลือดขาวที่มีกรานูล
- การกลืนหรือล้อมเข้าเซลล์
- เซลล์เนื้องอก
- อยู่ในต่อมน้ำตาสามารถทำลายผนังเซลล์ของแบคทีเรียได้
- กลไกของร่างกายที่ต้านทานต่อโรคใดโรคหนึ่ง โดยภูมิคุ้มกันอาจเกิดเพียงชั่วคราวหรือตลอดไปก็ได้
- โรคที่ร่างกายสร้างภูมิต้านทานต่อต้านเนื้อเยื่อของตนเอง
- ภูมิคุ้มกันที่เกิดขึ้นหลังคลอด
- กระบวนการเปลี่ยนแปลงสมบัติของจุลินทรีย์หรือสิ่งแปลกปลอม
- เกิดจากร่างกายสร้างภูมิคุ้มกัน หรือแอนติบอดีขึ้นมาต่อต้านแอนติเจนที่ไม่เป็นอันตรายในคนทั่วไป
Down
- การป้องกันโดยสารเคมีในร่างกาย
- ต่อมไทมัส
- การปล่อยสิ่งแปลกปลอมที่ถูกทำลายออกสู่ภายนอกเซลล์
- ไขกระดูก
- เม็ดเลือดขาวในกลุ่มที่ไม่มีกรานูล
- ทำหน้าที่จดจำลักษณะของแอนติเจนแต่ละชนิดที่เคยเข้าสู่ร่างกาย
- ภูมิคุ้มกันรับมา
- อีโอซิโนฟิล
- สารที่ก่อให้เกิดการเเพ้
- การเคลื่อนตัวเพื่อเข้าไปหาสิ่งแปลกปลอมนั้น
- ต่อมทอนซิล
- สารพิษจากเชื้อโรคซึ่งถูกทําให้หมดสภาพความเป็นพิษแล้ว
- ภูมิคุ้มกันก่อเอง
- สิ่งแปลกปลอมที่ร่างกายยังไม่รู้จัก
- นิวโทรฟิล
30 Clues: เบโซฟิล • ไขกระดูก • น้ำนมแม่ • ต่อมไทมัส • นิวโทรฟิล • ต่อมทอนซิล • อีโอซิโนฟิล • เซลล์เนื้องอก • ภูมิคุ้มกันรับมา • ภูมิคุ้มกันก่อเอง • สารที่ก่อให้เกิดการเเพ้ • เม็ดเลือดขาวที่มีกรานูล • การกลืนหรือล้อมเข้าเซลล์ • เม็ดเลือดขาวที่ไม่มีกรานูล • การป้องกันโดยสารเคมีในร่างกาย • ภูมิคุ้มกันที่เกิดขึ้นหลังคลอด • เม็ดเลือดขาวในกลุ่มที่ไม่มีกรานูล • ภูมิคุ้มกันเเบบนี้มีมาตั้งเเต่เกิด • ...
Vaccines and Traits 2025-01-28
21 Clues: PL • WW • MLV • type • Mixed • opening • no horns • Beef Breed • intranasal • Beef Breed • cut of beef • cow software • Lactose Free • High and wide • under the skin • gives immunity • Udder composite • Opposite of recessive • Combined fat & Protein • ability to pass on traits • where to administer vacine
IMMUNE RESPONSE 2021-06-28
Across
- secrete by the skin to act as first line defense
- a type of artificial active immunity
- a state which the immune system's ability is compromised or absent
- It will identify and consumes the pathogen
- Have five types which are IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE & IgD
- common organ transplant , respiratory system
Down
- CELLS release histamine, activate inflammatory response
- A severe, life threathening, systematic hypersensitivity reaction
- widening of blood vessels
- a transplant of organs or tissue from one species to another
- Defined as a stage of protection against foreign organism
- activate immune system
- Causes abnormal allergic reactions
- DISORDERS SLE is one of the example of this disorder
- A part of first line defenses
15 Clues: activate immune system • widening of blood vessels • A part of first line defenses • Causes abnormal allergic reactions • a type of artificial active immunity • It will identify and consumes the pathogen • common organ transplant , respiratory system • secrete by the skin to act as first line defense • Have five types which are IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE & IgD • ...
IMMUNE RESPONSE 2021-06-28
Across
- a type of artificial active immunity
- It will identify and consumes the pathogen
- common organ transplant , respiratory system
- Causes abnormal allergic reactions
- a state which the immune system's ability is compromised or absent
- widening of blood vessels
- SLE is one of the example of this disorder
Down
- Have five types which are IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE & IgD
- A part of first line defenses
- Defined as a stage of protection against foreign organism
- A severe, life threathening, systematic hypersensitivity reaction
- activate immune system
- a transplant of organs or tissue from one species to another
- secrete by the skin to act as first line defense
- release histamine, activate inflammatory response
15 Clues: activate immune system • widening of blood vessels • A part of first line defenses • Causes abnormal allergic reactions • a type of artificial active immunity • It will identify and consumes the pathogen • SLE is one of the example of this disorder • common organ transplant , respiratory system • secrete by the skin to act as first line defense • ...
The lymphatic system and immunity 2017-04-26
Across
- In the spleen there are large amounts of what stored
- Thymus gland produces what lymphocytes
- gland who is a lymphatic organs and an endocrine gland
- straw colored fluid similar to blood plasma
- What are our soldiers of defense
- produce lymphocytes and filters bacteria
- pathogens or foreign matter
- Immunity is the body ability to ____ pathogens and foregin material
Down
- The spleen forms RBO in the ___
- What is and enlargement of the lymph nodes
- Mass of lymphatic tissue
- what way do lymph vessels go?
- I am one example of natural immunity
- The ___ were the spleen is located at is in the upper left abdomen
- ADIS is caused by ___ virus
15 Clues: Mass of lymphatic tissue • pathogens or foreign matter • ADIS is caused by ___ virus • what way do lymph vessels go? • The spleen forms RBO in the ___ • What are our soldiers of defense • I am one example of natural immunity • Thymus gland produces what lymphocytes • produce lymphocytes and filters bacteria • What is and enlargement of the lymph nodes • ...
Ch 12 2025-10-13
Across
- "First responders" to infection.
- systemic inflammatory response triggered by macrophages.
- originate from monocytes. Agranulocytes.
- life threatening condition- infection in blood.
- agents that cause disease.
- provide innate defense, interfering with viruses & helping activate macrophages.
- cells that stimulate development of adaptive immunity.
Down
- immunity that includes barrier defense and internal defense.
- circulate within hemolymph & carry out phagocytosis.
- fluid rich in white blood cells, dead pathogens, and cell debris.
- discharge destructive enzymes.
- system that consists of 30 proteins that are activated by substances on microbe surface.
- system that enables animal to avoid, or limit infections.
- defense that includes skin & mucous membrane of respiratory, urinary, & reproductive system.
- type of cell that release histamine.
15 Clues: agents that cause disease. • discharge destructive enzymes. • "First responders" to infection. • type of cell that release histamine. • originate from monocytes. Agranulocytes. • life threatening condition- infection in blood. • circulate within hemolymph & carry out phagocytosis. • cells that stimulate development of adaptive immunity. • ...
Infectious Disease Vocab 2025-09-15
Across
- DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat.
- one another through direct contact.
- develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed
- Temporarily inactive.
- causes an organism to develop immunity against the
- out and heating.
- The process by which bacteria transfer genetic material
- An infectious microbe consisting of a segment of
- Tough spore that allows bacteria to withstand freezing,
Down
- A virus or infection that no longer exists.
- kill them.
- identical daughter cells.
- A medicine that kills bacteria or slows their growth.
- Fission A type of asexual reproduction, where one cell produces
- A preparation of a weakened or dead form of a pathogen
- Immunity When a large part of the population of an area is
16 Clues: kill them. • out and heating. • Temporarily inactive. • identical daughter cells. • one another through direct contact. • DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat. • A virus or infection that no longer exists. • develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed • An infectious microbe consisting of a segment of • causes an organism to develop immunity against the • ...
Adaptive Immune System 2025-05-18
Across
- Type of B-cell that produces antibodies
- Type of cell that “remembers” pathogens for faster response
- Lymphocyte that matures in bone marrow
- A weakened or inactive form of a pathogen used to stimulate immunity
- Microorganism that causes disease
- Protection against specific disease
- Tissue where B-cells are produced and mature
- Lymphocyte that matures in the thymus
Down
- Describes how the adaptive immune system targets particular antigens
- Type of T-cell that activates B-cells
- Protein made by B-cells that binds to antigens
- Type of white blood cell involved in the adaptive response
- Foreign substance that triggers an immune response
- Type of T-cell that destroys infected cells
- Organ where T-cells mature
15 Clues: Organ where T-cells mature • Microorganism that causes disease • Protection against specific disease • Type of T-cell that activates B-cells • Lymphocyte that matures in the thymus • Lymphocyte that matures in bone marrow • Type of B-cell that produces antibodies • Type of T-cell that destroys infected cells • Tissue where B-cells are produced and mature • ...
