mesopotamia Crossword Puzzles

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1. a_______ is a person who finds food by hunting, fishing, and gathering wild grains, fruits and nuts.

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1. you use to plant flowers

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1. The process of bringing water to dry land using canals or pies

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1. towers

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1. an eye for an eye

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1. What is dirty but also produces food

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1. human and God]

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1. The king of Uruk who was 2/3 god, 1/3 human

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1. d d d

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1. an eye for an eye

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2. /This what is you are called if you practice the religion of Islam
6. /This is what the journey Muhammad and followers took to Madinah is called
7. /Son in law of Muhammad
9. /Many gods
14. /A rich widow that married Muhammad
15. /An instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the position of the stars
18. /Known for his outstanding virtue-only using force when necessary
20. /Divine truths
21. /This person is known as God’s prophet
22. /A new Muslim ruler that took control of Egypt and made himself a sultan
23. /Move around a lot
25. /The most famous part of the Samarra mosque
27. /Lived in 14th century, devoted his time to the study and writing of history
29. /Christian and Islamic states feared and disliked each other
32. /Pastoral, horse-riding people who swept out of the Gobi in the 13th century
33. /To change the form or appearance of
35. /Where the Islamic palace Alhambra is located
38. /Mongols captured Persia and Mesopotamia ending the Abbasid caliphate at Baghdad
40. /Muslim houses of worship
42. /Where The Great Mosque is located
44. /A person chosen from one of the leading families by a council of elders to rule a tribe
46. /This is the part of the 5 Pillars of Islam that is called Hajj in Arabic
49. /a council headed by a prime minister
50. /Arabs in the desert
52. /This is the part of the 5 Pillars of Islam that is called Slyamm in Arabic
55. /Was recognized by the Arabs as a supreme god
58. /A gift of money or property
59. /The governor of Syria and one of Ali’s chief rivals and became caliph
60. /Where the Battle of Tours happens in 732
64. dynasty /This was established when Mu’awiyah made the office of caliph hereditary in his own family
65. /Finest example of the Islamic palace
66. /A capital city located on the Tigris River
67. /This is the part of the 5 Pillars of Islam that is called Shahaadatayn in Arabic
68. /Group of people that moved around in search of water and food

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1. Stone /A massive black meteorite that all tribes worshiped
3. /Calls the faithful to prayer five times a day from the minaret
4. /This is the part of the 5 Pillars of Islam that is called Zakaah in Arabic
5. /A successor of Muhammad as spiritual and temporal leader of the Muslims
8. /One god
10. /Where the new center of Islamic civilization became in Egypt
11. /Known as the city of the prophet
12. /“struggle in the way of God”
13. /Early collection of Muhammads sayings
16. Sina /Philosopher and scientist, wrote a medical encyclopedia
17. /Second capital of the Arab Empire
19. /“holder of power”
24. al-Rashid /His reign as a caliph is described as the golden age of the Abbasid caliphate
25. /Located in Africa next to the country of Tunisa, Africa and Granada, Spain
26. Khan /Led Mongol armies across central Asia
28. /Decorations that were repeated over and over in geometric patterns
29. /Collected and edited into a volume
30. Peninsula /A desert land sorely lacking in rivers and lakes
31. /The Black Stone has been placed in this central shrine
34. /Directed toward the interests of a particular group
36. /Located in the Arabian Peninsula
37. /Where Muhammad and followers leave for in 622
39. /Diminished or destroyed by degrees
41. /The holy book of Islam
43. Khayyam /Wrote the Rubaiyat and The 1001 Nights
45. /Son of Ali, leads a revolt against the Umayyads in 680
47. /Lived in Cordoba and wrote a commentary on all of Aristotle’s surviving works
48. Bakr /He was a wealthy merchant and Muhammad’s father in law
51. /Means “peace through submission to the will of Allah”
53. /This provides believers with a set of laws that regulates their daily lives
54. /The capital of Umayyad Spain
56. Turks /nomadic people from central Asia, they converted to Islam
57. /Group of people that played a big role in trade from the Mediterranean & the Red Sea Caspian /A body of water surrounded by land by Iraq and Persia, a sea
61. The angel that told Muhammad to recite what he had heard
62. /A covered market
63. /This is the part of the 5 Pillars of Islam that is called Salaah in Arabic

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3. of the Rock- A shrine in Jerusalem, located on the Temple MOunt, which houses the spot where muslims believe Muhammad rose into heaven and where Jews believe Abraham prepared to sacrifice his son Isaac to God.
5. A region in Southwest Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers which was the location of some of the earliest civilizations in the world; part of the culture known as Fertile Crescent
8. A displaced group of Arabs who lived or still live in the area formerly called Palestine and now called Israel
11. One the two main branches of Islam, comprising about 83 percent of all Muslims including those in Turkey, Iraq, and Afghanistan
12. Strip- A territory along the Mediterranean just Northeast of the Sinai Peninsula; part of the land set aside for Palestinians
15. Converts crude oil into useful products
16. An Islamic place of worship where Muslims pray facing toward the holy city of Mecca
17. Flat- Flat land made of chemical salts that remain after winds evaporate the moisture in the soil
19. Water- Water pumped from underground aquifers
23. One of the two main branches of Islam including most Iranians and some population of Iraq and Afghanistan
25. The founder and prophet of Islam who lived part of his life in the city of Mecca
28. Ethnic group is Southwestern Asia that has occupied Kurdistan located in Turkey, Iraq, Iran for about a thousand years and who have been involved in clashes with these three countries over land claims for most of the 20th century
30. Nation- A nation of people that does not have a territory to legally occupy, like the Palestinians, Kurds, and Basques
32. The holiest city of Islam located in Saudi Arabia where people make pilgrimages to fulfill Islamic religious duty
34. Wall- For Jews its the holiest site in Jerusalem the only remaining portion of the Second Temple
35. Height- A hilly plateau overlooking the Jordan River and the Sea of Galilee

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1. Workers- A largely unskilled laborer, often an immigrant from South and East Asia; brought in to the oil booming countries fill job openings that the region's native peoples find culturally or economically unacceptable
2. A strict Muslim group in Afghanistan that has imposed rigged rules on society
4. The removal of salt from ocean water
6. Resources- The skills and talent of employed people
7. A riverbed that remains dry except during the many rainy seasons
9. River- A river of Southwest Asia which supported several ancient civilizations and flows through parts of Turkey, Syria, and Iran and empties into the Persian Gulf
10. A form of government in which religious leaders control the government relying on religious law and consulting with religious scholars
11. Commodity- A resource so important that nation will go to war to ensure its steady supply
13. A movement that began in the 19th century to create and support a Jewish homeland in Palestine
14. Oil- Petroleum that has not yet been processed
18. A place where water from an aquifer has reached the surface; it supports vegetation and wildlife
20. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, a group established in 1960, by some oil producing nations to coordinate some policies on selling petroleum products
21. Bank- In Israel, a strip of land on the West side of the Jordan River, originally controlled by Jordan, which is part of the land set aside for Arab Palestinians
22. Liberation Organization (PLO)- A group formed in the 1960’s, to regain the Arab land in Israel for Palestinian Arabs
24. A monotheistic religion based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad and the biggest cultural and religious influence in North Africa
26. al-Khali- Also known as the Empty Quarter; one of the largest sandy deserts in the world, covering about 250,000sq miles located in the Arabian Peninsula
27. Sea- A landlocked salt lake between Israel and Jordan, that is so salty nothing can live in these waters
29. Irrigation- The practice of using small pipes that slowly drip water just above ground to conserve water to use for crops
31. River- One of the most important rivers of Southwest Asia; it supported many ancient river valley civilizations and flows through Turkey, Syria, and Iraq
33. River- A river that serves as a natural boundary between Israel and Jordan flowing from the mountains of Lebanon with no outlet to the Mediterranean Sea

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2. After his brother was murdered, this Greek tyrant began stripping away the freedoms of common Athenians.
3. The oracle of Delphi derived her powers and knowledge from this god.
6. Despite all of his help with building up the navy of Athens during the Greco-Persian War, he was ostracized from the city and spent his last days in Perisa.
8. Governors of the 23 provinces
10. This Persian king chose to harshly suppress rebellions in Mesopotamia and Egypt, leading to increasing discontent amongst the people.
11. The Zoroastrian god of dark and the underworld.
13. One of the earliest prizes for winning an Olympic event was a wreath made of these
19. The founder of the Achaemenid Empire, he was a shepherd originally.
21. This event radicalized Athenian democracy, as soldiers of the poorer classes demanded equal citizenship.
23. An ancient Greek temple dedicated to Athena.
25. The brother-in-law of Cleisthenes, he rode into Athens claiming that he was with Athena and took the extraordinary step of turning to the commoners for support.
28. During this battle, the women and children of Athens were evacuated, while the men embarked on 200 ships gathered at a tiny island off the Athenian coast.
29. Leonidas is an example of this type of ruler, who was often considered to be both strong and benevolent, particularly toward the lower classes.
30. The ancient citadel at Athens, containing the Parthenon and other notable buildings, mostly dating from the 5th century BCE.
31. The Zoroastrian god of light and good.
32. Despite losing the Punic War, this city-state dominated Greek trade, plying the Mediterranean and ferrying goods back and forth from Egypt.
36. Imperial center created by Darius with large marketplaces, trading, religious centers, and a palace for the king.
37. He ushered in a series of reforms in post-civil war Greece, including the abolition of debt slavery and the expansion of democratic rights.

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1. Priests of the prophet of Zoroastrianism.
2. The heart of the Athenian fighting force, these were men who could afford heavy bronze armor, a shield, as spear, and a sword
4. An alliance of 200 Greek city-states that was designed to keep the Persians in check after the Greco-Persian Wars.
5. A member of the Alcmaeonid clan, this ancient Athenian lawgiver who reformed the constitution of ancient Athens, setting it on democratic footing, is known as “the father of Athenian democracy”.
7. Ancient Greece wasn’t a single country or empire united under a single government; but rather was made up of a number of these.
9. Persian Empire formed after the death of Alexander the Great when his top 4 generals divided up the empire amongst themselves.
12. This war further divided up the city-states of Greece and allowed Alexander the Great to conquer the area and to finally unite the city-states under the banner of one empire.
14. Persian Empire that was overwhelmed by Arab conquest in 651 CE as part of the growing Islamic Empires under Muhammad.
15. An influential statesman, orator, and general of Athens during the Golden Age between the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars, he proposed a massive reconstruction of the temples of Athena.
16. This was caused in ancient Greece by the need to fire ovens that created the red clay bricks of which most buildings were made.
17. The favorite tales of the Greek stage were these stories, which such as that of King Oedipus.
18. It stretched for 1600 miles through the Persian Empire and was staffed by the Imperial Courier Service.
20. The prophet of Zoroastrianism.
21. A Sacred Zoroastrian text that included hymns, moral teachings, and songs.
22. He ran 140 miles over 2 days, setting the precedent for the modern marathon.
24. Persian underground canals that supported economic infrastructure.
26. The Greco-Persian Wars began as a result of a dispute over Greek settlements in this location on the Anatolian Sea coast.
27. The first man to realize the moon was lit by reflected sunlight.
33. An ancient sailing vessel with three rows of oars manned by one man per oar.
34. Ancient Greek storytellers who crisscrossed the country reciting stories & memorizing over a million lines of poetry in their lives.
35. These conquered people of ancient Greece were used as a slave labor force that worked in the fields for their overlords

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5. Skill in producing expertly finished products
7. Used to contain and control a smaller benchtop fire
12. Metal’s ability to be formed, hammered, pressed, or shaped without breaking
14. The most malleable of all metals and is used throughout practically every culture
15. Dipping a piece of heated metal into a container of water to cool it
18. Shapes or forms derived from living things
21. Earliest form of the kilt pin and today’s safety pin
25. The metal that is most commonly used to create other alloyed metals
27. Water and acid dip used to clean scale, oxides, and flux from a workpiece after soldering or annealing
28. A cutting substance used with a polishing or rubbing action to produce a variety of surface qualities
30. Historical period where utilizing human hair was popular
32. A crown or headband worn to symbolize or indicate royalty or honor
33. Mechanical, man-made shapes such as squares and circles
34. Purplish color that appears on a copper alloy such as sterling, signifying that cupric oxide has formed within the metal
36. Culture is known for their abundant use of natural stones, such as turquoise, with silver being merely a vehicle to hold these stones
38. A metal band or collar which holds a cabochon in place
39. As the gauge number increases, the metal gets __________
41. A macabre form of religious jewelry that juxtaposed images of skeletons with youthful figures
43. Tool that artists use to hold their preliminary ideas, drawings, and notes
46. Compound used to neutralize pickle
47. The file cuts on the _______ stroke
48. Area that surrounds, and sometimes passes through a work of art called
50. Tool that will form metal and neither mark nor stretch it
52. Type of balance where both sides of a design appear to be identical
53. Having or representing animal forms
54. Alloy of copper and zinc
55. A piece of jewelry which is constructed out of a variety of base materials and covered with a thin layer of karat gold
57. Sensuous lines that depict plant, insect and human forms

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1. Stiff bracelet you slip on the wrist through the opening that is not a complete circle
2. Tiny pieces of solder
3. When placing your saw blade in the frame, the teeth should face out and ____
4. Tool that has a domed head with one flat circular end and will stretch, shape, and mark metal
5. A technique of working metal from the front using a tool with a rounded end so that the pattern is indented onto the surface
6. Metal produced by combining two or more metals at the molecular level in their molten state
8. The ancient culture has the MOST jewelry work that has survived to the present day
9. Hardwood attached to your work surface to help support your metal as you pierce your design
10. A ring that bears a family crest or other insignia that is used to stamp into melted wax to leave an impression
11. The most commonly used of the precious metals in jewelry making
13. Soldering one piece of metal onto the surface of another
16. An elongated oval in which names of kings and queens appear in Egyptian hieroglyphics
17. Alloy of copper, zinc and nickel contains no silver although it is sometimes called German silver
19. The term for a commercial or handmade fittings or fastener
20. Time period known for mass produced, machine-like jewelry design
22. The point at which a chain or cord connects with a pendant
23. Art that is an expression in pure design form and shows no representation of natural or human-made objects
24. Shape or form showing no movement or action
26. The method of attaching two flat pieces of metal together by piercing them with a small length of wire, the ends of which are then flared to hold the layers together
29. The construction of a piece of jewelry by sawing, forming, and soldering together sheet and/or wire metal
31. A direct pouring of molten metal into a mold
34. Liquid or paste used to cover metals during heating to form a protective coat against oxygen
35. A term used to measure precious stones
37. Heating metal to make it more malleable
40. Egyptian hieroglyphic sign for life
42. Cylindrical form around which wire is wrapped or thin sheet metal is hammered
44. Unit used to measure gold
45. What kind of tongs should you use in the pickle to prevent contamination?
49. Culture that believes that gold holds the power of the sun
51. The earliest metal adornment come from this area
56. A convex-cut, unfaceted gem with a flat back

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1. The chief pastor and overseer of a diocese
4. A permanet move from a country or region
10. The first elaborate pre-Columbian civilization of Mesoamerica
12. Region along the nile river
14. an extensive group of states or countries under one rule
15. A long poem
18. One of the 4 major ethnic groups of the Greeks
20. Last achievement king
23. A social system in which positions of dominance and authority are primarily held by women
28. The arts and manifestations of humans
30. upperpart of an ancient Greek city
31. a ruler in ancient egypt
33. Comes from the Spanish maíz, or corn
35. A system of laws
36. He is a Greek poet
39. art works made during the classical period
41. The holy book of Muslims
43. Hypothetical social system in which the father or a male elder has absolute authority over the family group
45. A single seller or producer that excludes competition from providing the same product
47. Shaped characters used for writing
52. People who follow Islam
55. The Dynasty of Quin
57. A primate of a family
60. A member of a class in Sparta
61. The system of law that Muslims follow
63. A group of police officers moving in formation
66. ancient kushite ring
67. The royal wife Of Thatmose the third
68. 2,000 BC, people mainly used ore like bronze
69. The process of preserving a dead body into a mummy
70. Burned and leveled Nineveh
71. An ancient city
75. A large Roman town in Campania, Italy which was buried in volcanic ash following the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 CE
76. A member of society having no permanent abode
81. The leader of Islam
82. Persian leader that name starts with D
84. A member of iranian people
85. A land based country in south east europe
86. The first roman emperor
87. 4 collections of prayers
88. A shrine containing the remains of a holy or sainted person and/or artifacts
91. a person who talks/and acts out gods will
92. a city with surrounding territory thats a independent state
94. Rebirth after death
96. A decrease in the purchasing power of money
97. A citystate in greece
98. Greek philosipher
99. Small group having control of a country

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2. Provincal govenor
3. An inventer
5. A government that has unlimited power
6. African people who lived in Nigeria between 500BC to AD200
7. exchange for other goods
8. writings consisting's of hieroglyphs
9. You get what you give good and bad deeds
11. An official in ancient Rome chosen by the plebeians to protect their interests
13. The process of becoming similar to others by taking in and using their customs and culture
16. The bishop of rome
17. Spiritual founder of zorustriunism
19. A kingdom located south of kush
21. A violent conflict between a state and one or more organized nonstate actors in the state's territory
22. A event causing great suffering
23. A large amount of rainfall
24. Ruled Egypt for 200 years
25. One of the largest deserts
26. A cruel ruler
27. A system of government in witch priests rule in the name of god
29. Muhammads example
32. A form of government
34. Aksums chief support
37. Founder of persian empire
38. Author of the titan
40. Religions city center
42. Ancient greek mathmatician
44. A group of Indo Europeans Speakers
46. 4000-2000BC
48. A complete sense of peace and no problems
49. a line of hereditary rulers of a country
50. A member of hellenic people
51. An abraahomic religion based off the Quaran
53. Process of specializing in one subject
54. The process of preserving a dead body into a mummy
56. An inhabitant of ancient times
58. A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives
59. Any of the 12 disciples chosen by Jesus Christ
62. The Preserver and guardian of men
64. Colourful pottery, textiles and geoglyphs
65. Humans
69. A soldier of fortune or hired gun
70. Ancient assyrian city of mesopotamia
72. A visual example.
73. Exploiters form portiugal
74. An indigenous pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica
77. The second king of Kings
78. Empire in Southwest Asia
79. Medierianan part city in egypt
80. Earliest highly developed culture in pre-Columbian Peru
83. Taming a animal
89. characters/ in and used in ancient writings
90. The 4th letter in the greek alphabet
93. A ruler with total power over a country
95. Structures used to conduct a water stream across a hollow or valley
98. The state council of the ancient Roman republic and empire

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6. Chinese political and philosophical concept that legitimized the rule of the emperor / created by the Zhou
7. Chinese philosophical tradition that promoted ethical behavior, emphasized the importance of family relationships and respecting elders (filial piety), cultivated personal virtues like benevolence and righteousness, and upheld the proper social hierarchy through rituals and etiquette
9. the manufacture of silk / Chinese silk became a prized commodity in India, Persia, Mesopotamia, and even the distant Roman Empire
10. commerce in silk and other products led to the establishment of an intricate network of trade routes known collectively as the...
11. a work that has profoundly influenced Chinese political and cultural traditions / some of Confucius' pupils compiled his sayings and teachings in this book
15. large, cold desert and grassland region in northern China and southern Mongolia / sixth largest desert in the world
16. (256-195 BCE) commander who seized power in 202 BCE after a revolt against the Qin Empire / brought back centralized rule after the fall of the Qin / founder of the Han dynasty / promoted Confucianism
18. the chief moral virtue recognized by early Daoists - disengagement from the competitive exertions and active involvement in affairs of the world / required that individuals refrain from advanced education and from personal striving / called for individuals to act selflessly and live simply - and in harmony with nature
19. (45-117 CE) most famous female scholar in Chinese history / seen as a model woman and wrote "Lessons for Women" about female conduct
20. (45 BCE-23 CE) referred to as the "socialist emperor" by historians / limited the amount of land that a family could hold and ordered officials to break up large estates, redistribute them, and provide landless individuals with property to cultivate
21. production of this metal surged during the Han dynasty / production was so important that it was brought under state control
22. dynasty that established the first unified empire in China / established a centralized government and laid the foundation for future Chinese dynasties by unifying the warring states; standardizing writing, currency, and measurements; and initiating large-scale construction projects like the Great Wall / dynasty only lasted 14 years

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1. vast elevated plateau at the intersection of Central, South, and East Asia / home to 220 million Buddhists
2. invented by Han craftsmen / fashioned from hemp, bark, and textile fibers
3. dynasty that reunified China after the civil war following the death of Qin Shihuangdi / known its long reign and its achievements, which included the development of the civil service and scientific advancements including the invention of paper
4. comprises the final centuries of the Zhou dynasty, which were characterized by warfare, bureaucratic and military reform, and political consolidation / concluded with the wars of conquest that saw the Qin annex each of the other contender states by 221 BCE
5. third school of thought that rejected Confucian activism and Daoist retreat during the Warring States Period / promoted a practical and ruthlessly efficient approach to statecraft with strict laws and harsh punishments / reasoned that the foundations of the state's strength were agriculture and the armed forces and, thus, discouraged people from pursuing careers as merchants, entrepreneurs, scholars, educators, philosophers, poets, or artists
8. serious revolt that raged throughout China and tested the resilience of the Han state / caused by a number of factors, including corruption, which led to high taxes, poor management of natural disasters (plagues and floods), and poor agricultural yields / later Han emperors also failed to address the problem of land redistribution, which also contributed to this peasant revolt
12. (259-210 BCE) first emperor of China / ignored the nobility and ruled his empire through a centralized bureaucracy / divided China into administrative provinces and districts / entrusted communication and the implementation of his policies to officers of the central government (bureaucrats) / built a 4,000-mile network of roads (infrastructure) to facilitate communications and the movement of armies
13. process by which the first emperor Qin Shihuangdi used uniform coinage and legal standards to integrate China's various regions into a more tightly knit society / concentration of authority around the emperor - an idea first introduced by the Qin dynasty
14. represented an effort to understand the fundamental character of the world and nature / taught that people should live in harmony with nature in the cosmos - world is governed by the Dao OR the Way of Nature / its practitioners believe that everything in the universe is connected and that the forces of yin and yang work together toward a universal whole
17. nomadic horsemen from Central Asia and the greatest challenge that the Han faced / their mobility offered them a distinct advantage / widely considered to be the predecessors of the Huns

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2. historic region in northwestern India and Pakistan that represented the easternmost extent of Alexander’s empire
3. called the world's "oldest religion" / the caste system is considered central to this religion / gradually displaced Buddhism as the most popular religion in India / attracted political support and patronage from the Gupta emperors
6. both the Mauryan and Gupta empires were located in the ___________ River Valley, with their power centers concentrated around the fertile plains of this region
9. an ancient Indian religion that teaches the path to enlightenment through nonviolence and asceticism / Jains believe in reincarnation, karma, and that all living beings have souls / also strict vegetarians
10. Chandragupta and his adviser Kautalya built an extensive ___________ (system of government and organization where important decisions are made by non-elected state officials)
12. core of the Buddha's doctrine / teaches that all life involves suffering; that desire is the cause of suffering; that elimination of desire brings an end to suffering; and that a disciplined life conducted in accordance with the Noble Eightfold Path brings the elimination of desire
13. short poetic work that best illustrates the expectations of Hinduism and the promise of salvation that it held out to them / Krishna, the human incarnation of the god Vishnu, advised the kshatriya warrior Arjuna that his caste imposed specific moral duties and social responsibilities upon him
15. (304-232 BCE) Chandragupta's grandson and the last major emperor of the Mauryan dynasty / his vigorous patronage of Buddhism furthered the expansion of that religion throughout India
16. basic doctrine shared by Buddhists of all sects / based on the actions and teachings of the Buddha, which Buddhist are encouraged to follow / Ashoka’s edicts promoted ___________, a moral code developed to promote social order
18. like the Mauryans, this dynasty based their state in Magadha / arose on foundations laid by Chandra Gupta (not related to Chandragupta) / conquered many of the regional kingdoms in India and only the Deccan Plateau and the southernmost part of the subcontinent remained outside of their influence
19. Hindu god and preserver of the world who intervened frequently on behalf of virtuous individuals
22. demands right belief, right resolve, right speech, right behavior, right occupation, right effort, right contemplation, and right meditation
24. island country in South Asia / major exporter of elephants, horses, and luxury goods during the Classical Age / Theravada Buddhism is practiced there
25. (563-483 BCE) founder of Buddhism / came from a kshatriya family, but gave up his position and inheritance in order to seek salvation / wandered through the Ganges valley searching for spiritual enlightenment and an explanation for suffering

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1. (375-283 BCE) Chandragupta’s guru who wrote the Arthashastra, a guide for statecraft that served as a foundation for future empires
4. shrines housing relics of the Buddha and his first disciples that pilgrims venerated while meditating on Buddhist values
5. Macedonian Greek general and successor of Alexander the Great who went on to found an empire that controlled Asia Minor, Syria, Mesopotamia, and the Iranian plateau / little is known about the conflict between ___________ and Chandragupta over control of the Indus Valley and the region of Gandhara
7. (340-295 BCE) laid the foundation for the first state to bring centralized and unified government to most of the Indian subcontinent / converted to Jainism towards the end of his life and died through a practice called sallekhana (fasting until death)
8. an account of the Mauryan Empire from the Greek historian and diplomat Megasthenes, the first person from the Western world to leave a written description of India
11. based on the concepts of varna and jāti, and divides Hindus into four main categories: Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras / both Buddhism and Jainism emerged as reactions against this rigid social hierarchy and the authority and practices of Brahmins
14. some of Kautalya's advice to Chandragupta survives in this ancient Indian political handbook - a manual offering detailed instructions on the uses of power and principles of government
17. kingdom in the central portion of the Ganges plain / emerged as the most important state in northeastern India by 500 BCE / conquered neighboring states and gained control of Indian commerce passing through the Ganges valley as well as overseas trade btw. India and Burma
20. (260 BCE) last major battle of Ashoka’s imperial expansion / after witnessing 100,000 dead on the battlefield, he converted to Buddhism
21. nomadic people from Central Asia who first occupied Bactria and then invaded northern India - weakening the Gupta state
23. what is today Afghanistan and was at the time controlled by the Greeks / fertile area and formerly a center of Iranian resistance to the Greek Macedonian invaders

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2. Macedonian Greek general and successor of Alexander the Great who went on to found an empire that controlled Asia Minor, Syria, Mesopotamia, and the Iranian plateau / little is known about the conflict between ___________ and Chandragupta over control of the Indus Valley and the region of Gandhara
6. basic doctrine shared by Buddhists of all sects / based on the actions and teachings of the Buddha, which Buddhist are encouraged to follow / Ashoka’s edicts promoted Dhamma, a moral code developed to promote social order
9. what is today Afghanistan and was at the time controlled by the Greeks / fertile area and formerly a center of Iranian resistance to the Greek Macedonian invaders
12. (304-232 BCE) Chandragupta's grandson and the last major emperor of the Mauryan dynasty / his vigorous patronage of Buddhism furthered the expansion of that religion throughout India
15. (375-283 BCE) Chandragupta’s guru who wrote the Arthashastra, a guide for statecraft that served as a foundation for future empires
16. based on the concepts of varna and jāti, and divides Hindus into four main categories: Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras / both Buddhism and Jainism emerged as reactions against this rigid social hierarchy and the authority and practices of Brahmins
19. Hindu god and preserver of the world who intervened frequently on behalf of virtuous individuals
23. an account of the Mauryan Empire from the Greek historian and diplomat Megasthenes, the first person from the Western world to leave a written description of India
24. (340-295 BCE)laid the foundation for the first state to bring centralized and unified government to most of the Indian subcontinent / converted to Jainism towards the end of his life and died through a practice called sallekhana (fasting until death)

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1. Chandragupta and his adviser Kautalya built an extensive ___________ (system of government and organization where important decisions are made by non-elected state officials)that enabled them to implement policies throughout the state
3. some of Kautalya's advice to Chandragupta survives in this ancient Indian political handbook - a manual offering detailed instructions on the uses of power and principles of government
4. demands right belief, right resolve, right speech, right behavior, right occupation, right effort, right contemplation, and right meditation
5. an ancient Indian religion that teaches the path to enlightenment through nonviolence and asceticism / Jains believe in reincarnation, karma, and that all living beings have souls / also strict vegetarians
7. nomadic people from Central Asia who first occupied Bactria and then invaded northern India - weakening the Gupta state
8. short poetic work that best illustrates the expectations of Hinduism and the promise of salvation that it held out to them / Krishna, the human incarnation of the god Vishnu, advised the kshatriya warrior Arjuna that his caste imposed specific moral duties and social responsibilities upon him
10. core of the Buddha's doctrine / teaches that all life involves suffering; that desire is the cause of suffering; that elimination of desire brings an end to suffering; and that a disciplined life conducted in accordance with the Noble Eightfold Path brings the elimination of desire
11. like the Mauryans, this dynasty based their state in Magadha / arose on foundations laid by Chandra Gupta (not related to Chandragupta) / conquered many of the regional kingdoms in India and only the Deccan Plateau and the southernmost part of the subcontinent remained outside of their influence
13. (563-483 BCE) founder of Buddhism / came from a kshatriya family, but gave up his position and inheritance in order to seek salvation / wandered through the Ganges valley searching for spiritual enlightenment and an explanation for suffering
14. (260 BCE)last major battle of Ashoka’s imperial expansion / after witnessing 100,000 dead on the battlefield, he converted to Buddhism
17. called the world's "oldest religion" / the caste system is considered central to this religion / gradually displaced Buddhism as the most popular religion in India / attracted political support and patronage from the Gupta emperors
18. island country in South Asia / major exporter of elephants, horses, and luxury goods during the Classical Age / Theravada Buddhism is practiced there
20. kingdom in the central portion of the Ganges plain / emerged as the most important state in northeastern India by 500 BCE / conquered neighboring states and gained control of Indian commerce passing through the Ganges valley as well as overseas trade btw. India and Burma
21. both the Mauryan and Gupta empires were located in the ___________ River Valley, with their power centers concentrated around the fertile plains of this region
22. shrines housing relics of the Buddha and his first disciples that pilgrims venerated while meditating on Buddhist values

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1. called the world's "oldest religion" / the caste system is considered central to this religion / gradually displaced Buddhism as the most popular religion in India / attracted political support and patronage from the Gupta emperors
4. demands right belief, right resolve, right speech, right behavior, right occupation, right effort, right contemplation, and right meditation
5. kingdom in the central portion of the Ganges plain / emerged as the most important state in northeastern India by 500 BCE / conquered neighboring states and gained control of Indian commerce passing through the Ganges valley as well as overseas trade btw. India and Burma
7. some of Kautalya's advice to Chandragupta survives in this ancient Indian political handbook - a manual offering detailed instructions on the uses of power and principles of government
8. shrines housing relics of the Buddha and his first disciples that pilgrims venerated while meditating on Buddhist values
10. core of the Buddha's doctrine / teaches that all life involves suffering; that desire is the cause of suffering; that elimination of desire brings an end to suffering; and that a disciplined life conducted in accordance with the Noble Eightfold Path brings the elimination of desire
13. Hindu god and preserver of the world who intervened frequently on behalf of virtuous individuals
14. Macedonian Greek general and successor of Alexander the Great who went on to found an empire that controlled Asia Minor, Syria, Mesopotamia, and the Iranian plateau / little is known about the conflict between ___________ and Chandragupta over control of the Indus Valley and the region of Gandhara
16. Chandragupta and his adviser Kautalya built an extensive ___________ (system of government and organization where important decisions are made by non-elected state officials)
17. both the Mauryan and Gupta empires were located in the ___________ River Valley, with their power centers concentrated around the fertile plains of this region
19. island country in South Asia / major exporter of elephants, horses, and luxury goods during the Classical Age / Theravada Buddhism is practiced there
20. (375-283 BCE) Chandragupta’s guru who wrote the Arthashastra, a guide for statecraft that served as a foundation for future empires
21. (260 BCE) last major battle of Ashoka’s imperial expansion / after witnessing 100,000 dead on the battlefield, he converted to Buddhism
22. nomadic people from Central Asia who first occupied Bactria and then invaded northern India - weakening the Gupta state
23. basic doctrine shared by Buddhists of all sects / based on the actions and teachings of the Buddha, which Buddhist are encouraged to follow / Ashoka’s edicts promoted ___________, a moral code developed to promote social order
24. an ancient Indian religion that teaches the path to enlightenment through nonviolence and asceticism / Jains believe in reincarnation, karma, and that all living beings have souls / also strict vegetarians
25. (304-232 BCE) Chandragupta's grandson and the last major emperor of the Mauryan dynasty / his vigorous patronage of Buddhism furthered the expansion of that religion throughout India

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2. an account of the Mauryan Empire from the Greek historian and diplomat Megasthenes, the first person from the Western world to leave a written description of India
3. (340-295 BCE) laid the foundation for the first state to bring centralized and unified government to most of the Indian subcontinent / converted to Jainism towards the end of his life and died through a practice called sallekhana (fasting until death)
6. historic region in northwestern India and Pakistan that represented the easternmost extent of Alexander’s empire
9. short poetic work that best illustrates the expectations of Hinduism and the promise of salvation that it held out to them / Krishna, the human incarnation of the god Vishnu, advised the kshatriya warrior Arjuna that his caste imposed specific moral duties and social responsibilities upon him
11. (563-483 BCE) founder of Buddhism / came from a kshatriya family, but gave up his position and inheritance in order to seek salvation / wandered through the Ganges valley searching for spiritual enlightenment and an explanation for suffering
12. based on the concepts of varna and jāti, and divides Hindus into four main categories: Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras / both Buddhism and Jainism emerged as reactions against this rigid social hierarchy and the authority and practices of Brahmins
15. like the Mauryans, this dynasty based their state in Magadha / arose on foundations laid by Chandra Gupta (not related to Chandragupta) / conquered many of the regional kingdoms in India and only the Deccan Plateau and the southernmost part of the subcontinent remained outside of their influence
18. what is today Afghanistan and was at the time controlled by the Greeks / fertile area and formerly a center of Iranian resistance to the Greek Macedonian invaders

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3. Entonces el criado puso su mano debajo del .... de Abraham su señor, y le juró sobre este negocio. (v. 9)
7. Y aconteció que antes que él acabase de hablar, he aquí ...., que había nacido a Betuel, hijo de Milca mujer de Nacor hermano de Abraham, la cual salía con su cántaro sobre su hombro (v. 15)
8. Y se dio prisa, y vació su cántaro en la ...., y corrió otra vez al pozo para sacar agua, y sacó para todos sus camellos (v.20)
12. Y le pusieron delante qué comer; mas él dijo: No comeré hasta que haya dicho mi .... Y él le dijo: Habla. (v.33)
14. Sea, pues, que la .... a quien yo dijere: Baja tu cántaro, te ruego, para que yo beba, y ella respondiere: Bebe, y también daré de beber a tus camellos; que sea ésta la que tú has destinado para tu siervo Isaac; (v.14abc)
18. Era Abraham ya viejo, y bien avanzado en años; y Jehová había .... a Abraham en todo. (v. 1)
19. Y dijo: Oh Jehová, Dios de mi señor Abraham, dame, te ruego, el tener hoy buen ...., y haz misericordia con mi señor Abraham (v. 12)
21. sino que irás a mi tierra y a mi ...., y tomarás mujer para mi hijo Isaac. (v. 4)
23. Y había salido Isaac a .... al campo, a la hora de la tarde; y alzando sus ojos miró, y he aquí los camellos que venían. (v. 63)
24. Y la trajo Isaac a la .... de su madre Sara, y tomó a Rebeca por mujer, y la amó; y se consoló Isaac después de la muerte de su madre. (v. 67)
25. Ahora, pues, si vosotros hacéis misericordia y verdad con mi señor, declarádmelo; y si no, declarádmelo; y me iré a la .... o a la siniestra. (v. 49)
26. E hizo arrodillar los camellos fuera de la ciudad, junto a un pozo de agua, a la hora de la tarde, la .... en que salen las doncellas por agua (v. 11)
27. y te juramentaré por Jehová, Dios de los cielos y Dios de la tierra, que no tomarás para mi hijo mujer de las hijas de los ...., entre los cuales yo habito; (v. 39

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1. él enviará su ángel delante de ti, y tú traerás de allá .... para mi hijo. (7bc)
2. Y si la mujer no quisiere venir en pos de ti, serás libre de este mi ....; solamente que no vuelvas allá a mi hijo. (v. 8)
4. Y venía Isaac del pozo del ....-que-me-ve; porque él habitaba en el Neguev. (v. 62)
5. Y cuando vio el pendiente y los .... en las manos de su hermana, que decía: Así me habló aquel hombre, vino a él; y he aquí que estaba con los camellos junto a la fuente. (v. 30)
6. Y el criado tomó diez .... de los camellos de su señor, y se fue, tomando toda clase de regalos escogidos de su señor; y puesto en camino, llegó a Mesopotamia, a la ciudad de Nacor. (v. 11)
9. Y Rebeca tenía un hermano que se llamaba ...., el cual corrió afuera hacia el hombre, a la fuente. (v. 29)
10. y dijo: Bendito sea Jehová, Dios de mi amo Abraham, que no apartó de mi amo su misericordia y su ...., guiándome Jehová en el camino a casa de los hermanos de mi amo. (v. 27)
11. Y añadió: También hay en nuestra casa paja y mucho ...., y lugar para posar. (v. 25)
13. Y dijo Abraham a un criado suyo, el más viejo de su casa, que era el que .... en todo lo que tenía: Pon ahora tu mano debajo de mi muslo, (v. 2)
15. Entonces dejaron ir a Rebeca su hermana, y a su ...., y al criado de Abraham y a sus hombres. (v. 59)
16. Y ella respondió: Soy hija de .... hijo de Milca, el cual ella dio a luz a Nacor. (v. 24)
17. Y sacó el criado alhajas de plata y alhajas de oro, y ...., y dio a Rebeca; también dio cosas preciosas a su hermano y a su madre. (v. 53)
20. Ella respondió: Bebe, señor mío; y se dio prisa a bajar su .... sobre su mano, y le dio a beber. (v. 18)
22. Y cuando los camellos acabaron de beber, le dio el hombre un .... de oro que pesaba medio siclo, y dos brazaletes que pesaban diez, (v. 22)

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2. dynasty that established the first unified empire in China / established a centralized government and laid the foundation for future Chinese dynasties by unifying the warring states; standardizing writing, currency, and measurements; and initiating large-scale construction projects like the Great Wall / dynasty only lasted 14 years
4. third school of thought that rejected Confucian activism and Daoist retreat during the Warring States Period / promoted a practical and ruthlessly efficient approach to statecraft with strict laws and harsh punishments / reasoned that the foundations of the state's strength were agriculture and the armed forces and, thus, discouraged people from pursuing careers as merchants, entrepreneurs, scholars, educators, philosophers, poets, or artists
8. Chinese political and philosophical concept that legitimized the rule of the emperor / created by the Zhou
12. process by which the first emperor Qin Shihuangdi used uniform coinage and legal standards to integrate China's various regions into a more tightly knit society / concentration of authority around the emperor - an idea first introduced by the Qin dynasty
13. serious revolt that raged throughout China and tested the resilience of the Han state / caused by a number of factors, including corruption, which led to high taxes, poor management of natural disasters (plagues and floods), and poor agricultural yields / later Han emperors also failed to address the problem of land redistribution, which also contributed to this peasant revolt
15. nomadic horsemen from Central Asia and the greatest challenge that the Han faced / their mobility offered them a distinct advantage / widely considered to be the predecessors of the Huns
16. Chinese philosophical tradition that promoted ethical behavior, emphasized the importance of family relationships and respecting elders (filial piety), cultivated personal virtues like benevolence and righteousness, and upheld the proper social hierarchy through rituals and etiquette
17. the manufacture of silk / Chinese silk became a prized commodity in India, Persia, Mesopotamia, and even the distant Roman Empire
18. a work that has profoundly influenced Chinese political and cultural traditions / some of Confucius' pupils compiled his sayings and teachings in this book
21. large, cold desert and grassland region in northern China and southern Mongolia / sixth largest desert in the world

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1. (45 BCE-23 CE) referred to as the "socialist emperor" by historians / limited the amount of land that a family could hold and ordered officials to break up large estates, redistribute them, and provide landless individuals with property to cultivate
3. (256-195 BCE) commander who seized power in 202 BCE after a revolt against the Qin Empire / brought back centralized rule after the fall of the Qin / founder of the Han dynasty / promoted Confucianism
5. production of this metal surged during the Han dynasty / production was so important that it was brought under state control
6. the chief moral virtue recognized by early Daoists - disengagement from the competitive exertions and active involvement in affairs of the world / required that individuals refrain from advanced education and from personal striving / called for individuals to act selflessly and live simply - and in harmony with nature
7. invented by Han craftsmen / fashioned from hemp, bark, and textile fibers
9. vast elevated plateau at the intersection of Central, South, and East Asia / home to 220 million Buddhists
10. comprises the final centuries of the Zhou dynasty, which were characterized by warfare, bureaucratic and military reform, and political consolidation / concluded with the wars of conquest that saw the Qin annex each of the other contender states by 221 BCE
11. (259-210 BCE) first emperor of China / ignored the nobility and ruled his empire through a centralized bureaucracy / divided China into administrative provinces and districts / entrusted communication and the implementation of his policies to officers of the central government (bureaucrats) / built a 4,000-mile network of roads (infrastructure) to facilitate communications and the movement of armies
14. (45-117 CE) most famous female scholar in Chinese history / seen as a model woman and wrote "Lessons for Women" about female conduct
19. commerce in silk and other products led to the establishment of an intricate network of trade routes known collectively as the...
20. represented an effort to understand the fundamental character of the world and nature / taught that people should live in harmony with nature in the cosmos - world is governed by the Dao OR the Way of Nature / its practitioners believe that everything in the universe is connected and that the forces of yin and yang work together toward a universal whole

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4. Dominación tiránica del pueblo.
7. Persona virtuosa o austera que lleva una vida retirada y ajena a las distracciones o las diversiones.
8. Soberano del antiguo Egipto.
10. surge después de la caída de la civilización micénica y se constituye como un centro cultural, político y comercial de cada ciudad
12. Teoría médica del siglo XIX según la cual cada instinto o facultad mental radica en una zona precisa del cerebro que se corresponde con un determinado relieve del cráneo
14. es un vasto país de Asia del Sur con un terreno diverso que abarca desde las cumbres del Himalaya hasta la costa del océano Índico
15. Capacidad que tiene la materia de producir trabajo en forma de movimiento, luz, calor, etc.
20. Cuerpo celeste del sistema solar de pequeñas dimensiones que, cuando se acerca al Sol, deja tras de sí una cola luminosa de miles de kilómetros.
23. Planeta del Sistema Solar, tercero en la proximidad al Sol, entre Venus y Marte, habitado por el hombre.
25. era una gran estatua del dios sol griego Helios, realizada por el escultor Cares de Lindos en la isla de Rodas en 292 a. C. y destruida por un terremoto en 226 a. C. Es considerada una de las Siete maravillas del mundo antiguo
26. Ciencia que estudia los seres orgánicos que habitaron la Tierra en épocas pasadas y cuyos restos se encuentran fósiles.
27. Forma de gobierno en la que el cargo de jefe del Estado está en manos de un presidente temporal que se elige por votación, bien a través de unas elecciones, bien por una asamblea de dirigentes.
28. gobierno de la muchedumbre
29. Sistema político que defiende la soberanía del pueblo y el derecho del pueblo a elegir y controlar a sus gobernantes.
30. Parte de la historia que se encarga de la datación y ordenación de los hechos históricos.
31. eran independientes uno del otro, y cada uno tenía como gobernante un cacique o jefe. Este gobierno era hereditario y era totalmente absoluto. A la población se le exigía obediencia y sumisión ante el cacique

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1. Parte de la Tierra ocupada por los océanos, mares, ríos, lagos y demás masas y corrientes DE AGUA
2. se refiere al conjunto de bienes materiales y espirituales de un grupo social transmitido de generación en generación a fin de orientar las prácticas individuales y colectivas.
3. Ciencia que estudia y describe la superficie de la Tierra en su aspecto físico, actual y natural, o como lugar habitado por la humanidad.
5. Forma de gobierno en la que la jefatura del Estado reside en una persona, un rey o una reina, cargo habitualmente vitalicio al que se accede por derecho y de forma hereditaria.
6. La capital, Pekín
9. es todo lo que podemos tocar, sentir, percibir, medir o detectar. Abarca los cosas vivas, los planetas, las estrellas, las galaxias, las nubes de polvo, la luz e incluso el tiempo
11. es un sistema de gobierno absoluto, en el cual el poder reside en una única persona que manda sin rendir cuentas a un parlamento o la sociedad en general. El absolutismo fue muy usual desde el siglo XVI hasta la primera mitad del XIX, cuando diversas revoluciones lo derrocaron.
13. Ciencia que estudia los aspectos físicos y las manifestaciones sociales y culturales de las comunidades humanas.
16. Forma de gobierno en la que el gobernante tiene un poder total o absoluto, no limitado por unas leyes, especialmente cuando lo obtiene por medios ilícitos, y abusa de él.
17. Fragmento de un cuerpo procedente del espacio exterior que entra en la atmósfera a gran velocidad y cae sobre la Tierra.
18. COMPONENTE principal de los cuerpos, susceptible de toda clase de formas y de sufrir cambios, que se caracteriza por un conjunto de propiedades físicas o químicas, perceptibles a través de los sentidos
19. es el nombre por el cual se conoce a la zona del Oriente Próximo ubicada entre los ríos Tigris y Éufrates, si bien se extiende a las zonas fértiles contiguas a la franja entre ambos ríos, y que coincide aproximadamente con las áreas no desérticas del actual Irak y la zona limítrofe del norte-este de Siria.
21. Régimen político en el que una sola persona gobierna con poder total, sin someterse a ningún tipo de limitaciones y con la facultad de promulgar y modificar leyes a su voluntad.
22. es compuesta por una capa de piedra debajo de los continentes y océanos. Debajo de esto se encuentra el manto: una cáscara impenetrable de 2900 km de espesura que circunda el núcleo externo de la Tierra.
24. capital El Cairo

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4. Ciencia que estudia los aspectos físicos y las manifestaciones sociales y culturales de las comunidades humanas.
5. Ciencia que estudia los seres orgánicos que habitaron la Tierra en épocas pasadas y cuyos restos se encuentran fósiles.
7. Soberano del antiguo Egipto.
8. es compuesta por una capa de piedra debajo de los continentes y océanos. Debajo de esto se encuentra el manto: una cáscara impenetrable de 2900 km de espesura que circunda el núcleo externo de la Tierra.
10. Fragmento de un cuerpo procedente del espacio exterior que entra en la atmósfera a gran velocidad y cae sobre la Tierra.
12. se refiere al conjunto de bienes materiales y espirituales de un grupo social transmitido de generación en generación a fin de orientar las prácticas individuales y colectivas.
16. Forma de gobierno en la que el gobernante tiene un poder total o absoluto, no limitado por unas leyes, especialmente cuando lo obtiene por medios ilícitos, y abusa de él.
18. eran independientes uno del otro, y cada uno tenía como gobernante un cacique o jefe. Este gobierno era hereditario y era totalmente absoluto. A la población se le exigía obediencia y sumisión ante el cacique
19. Persona virtuosa o austera que lleva una vida retirada y ajena a las distracciones o las diversiones.
20. Planeta del Sistema Solar, tercero en la proximidad al Sol, entre Venus y Marte, habitado por el hombre.
21. Parte de la historia que se encarga de la datación y ordenación de los hechos históricos.
23. COMPONENTE principal de los cuerpos, susceptible de toda clase de formas y de sufrir cambios, que se caracteriza por un conjunto de propiedades físicas o químicas, perceptibles a través de los sentidos
26. gobierno de la muchedumbre
27. Parte de la Tierra ocupada por los océanos, mares, ríos, lagos y demás masas y corrientes DE AGUA
28. Capacidad que tiene la materia de producir trabajo en forma de movimiento, luz, calor, etc.
30. es todo lo que podemos tocar, sentir, percibir, medir o detectar. Abarca los cosas vivas, los planetas, las estrellas, las galaxias, las nubes de polvo, la luz e incluso el tiempo

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1. Teoría médica del siglo XIX según la cual cada instinto o facultad mental radica en una zona precisa del cerebro que se corre
2. Sistema político que defiende la soberanía del pueblo y el derecho del pueblo a elegir y controlar a sus gobernantes.
3. Forma de gobierno en la que la jefatura del Estado reside en una persona, un rey o una reina, cargo habitualmente vitalicio al que se accede por derecho y de forma hereditaria.
6. era una gran estatua del dios sol griego Helios, realizada por el escultor Cares de Lindos en la isla de Rodas en 292 a. C. y destruida por un terremoto en 226 a. C. Es considerada una de las Siete maravillas del mundo antiguo
9. Régimen político en el que una sola persona gobierna con poder total, sin someterse a ningún tipo de limitaciones y con la facultad de promulgar y modificar leyes a su voluntad.
11. es un vasto país de Asia del Sur con un terreno diverso que abarca desde las cumbres del Himalaya hasta la costa del océano Índico
13. Forma de gobierno en la que el cargo de jefe del Estado está en manos de un presidente temporal que se elige por votación, bien a través de unas elecciones, bien por una asamblea de dirigentes.
14. capital El Cairo
15. Dominación tiránica del pueblo.
17. es el nombre por el cual se conoce a la zona del Oriente Próximo ubicada entre los ríos Tigris y Éufrates, si bien se extiende a las zonas fértiles contiguas a la franja entre ambos ríos, y que coincide aproximadamente con las áreas no desérticas del actual Irak y la zona limítrofe del norte-este de Siria.
21. La capital, Pekín
22. Ciencia que estudia y describe la superficie de la Tierra en su aspecto físico, actual y natural, o como lugar habitado por la humanidad.
24. es un sistema de gobierno absoluto, en el cual el poder reside en una única persona que manda sin rendir cuentas a un parlamento o la sociedad en general. El absolutismo fue muy usual desde el siglo XVI hasta la primer
25. Cuerpo celeste del sistema solar de pequeñas dimensiones que, cuando se acerca al Sol, deja tras de sí una cola luminosa de miles de kilómetros.
29. surge después de la caída de la civilización micénica y se constituye como un centro cultural, político y comercial de cada ciudad

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2. Mencontek adalah dampak ... dari kemajuan IPTEK Ketiga Sikap selektif berdasarkan sila ..., yaitu mengajak kita untuk menggunakan hasil iptek untuk menjalin persatuan di Indonesia.
5. negatifnya berbagai sarana transportasi juga mengakibatkan .....
7. Jika seseorang melanggar hukum, maka pelaku tersebut akan dijatuhi....
8. Memberikan dasar-dasar moralitas bahwa manusia dalam mengembangkan IPTEK haruslah bersifat beradab. IPTEK adalah sebagai hasil budaya manusia yang beradab dan bermoral. Oleh karena itu pengembangan IPTEK harus didasarkan pada hakikat tujuan demi kesejahteraan manusia." adalah pernyataan yang sesuai dengan sila... dalam pancasila
9. memelihara keamanan dan ketertiban masyarakat, menegakkan hukum, dan memberikan perlindungan, pengayoman, dan pelayanan kepada masyarakat, merupakan tugas pokok....
10. Hukum bersifat .... dan memaksa
11. dibentuk dengan tujuan meningkatkan daya guna dan hasil guna terhadap upaya pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi.
13. selalu berjalan sesuai dengan ilmu pengetahuan, dan teknologi yang merupakan hasil dari pemanfaatan teori dan rumusan-rumusan ilmu pengetahuan dapat menjadi hal yang sangat berguna dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
15. Indonesia sebagai negara hukum terlihat jelas dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia (UUD NRI) Tahun 1945 Pasal 1 Ayat (3) yang berbunyi, “Negara Indonesia adalah .....”
16. dapat dipahami pula sebagai sebuah tindakan yang bertujuan agar hukum dapat berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya.
17. internet adalah penemuan IPTEK yang ditemukan .... abad ke-20
19. Self-diagnose yang salah adalah dampak negatif dari kemajuan IPTEK dibidang...
21. zoom, Google Classroom, Kahoot, merupakan hasil dari kemajuan IPTEK dibidang...
23. orang yang berprofesi memberi jasa hukum, baik di dalam maupun di luar pengadilan yang memenuhi persyaratan undang-undang ini ialah...
24. Penegakan hukum adalah proses dilakukannya upaya untuk tegaknya atau berfungsinya norma-norma hukum secara nyata sebagai pedoman perilaku dalam lalu lintas atau hubungan-hubungan hukum dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dan bernegara. Merupakan pernyataan menurut...
25. Pancasila berguna sebagai ... hukum di Indonesia
29. Perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang...
31. Sistem Pertanian di Mesopotamia, Mesin Cetak Gutenberg, Revolusi Industri merupakan perkembangan teknologi sebelum abad ke-....
32. Partisipasi dalam perlindungan dan penegakan hukum diperlukan sebagai upaya untuk menegakkan .... hukum di Indonesia.
33. Dilihat dari aspek .... Orang dipermudah dalam berkomunikasi dengan orang lain dengan adanya internet
36. Dampak negatif dari kemajuan IPTEK dibidang politik adalah tumbuhnya sifat...
37. Sila .... mendasari pengembangan IPTEK secara demokratis. Artinya setiap orang haruslah memiliki kebebasan untuk mengembangkan IPTEK. Selain itu dalam pengembangan IPTEK setiap orang juga harus menghormati dan menghargai kebebasan oranglain dan harus memiliki sikap terbuka. Artinya terbuka untuk dikritik, dikaji ulang maupun dibandingkan dengan penemuan teori-teori lainnya.
38. perlindungan akan harkat dan martabat serta pengakuan terhadap hak-hak asasi manusia yang dimiliki oleh subjek hukum berdasarkan ketentuan hukum dari kesewenangan atau sebagai kumpulan peraturan atau kaidah yang akan dapat melindungi suatu hal dari hal lainnya, merupakan arti dari....
40. "Hasil dari kemajuan IPTEK dibidang transportasi adalah terbangunnya jalan.... trans-jawa

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1. Penggunaan dan pengembangan iptek tidak boleh merusak .... Contohnnya, penangkapan ikan menggunakan bahan peledak dapat merusak lingkungan, seperti terumbu karang.
3. hukum ialah keseluruhan syarat yang dengan ini kehendak bebas dari orang yang satu dapat menyesuaikan diri dari kehendak bebas dari orang yang lain, menuruti peraturan hukum tentang kemerdekaan. Merupakan pernyataan dari...
4. Undang-Undang NRI Tahun 1945 Pasal 24 Ayat (1) menegaskan bahwa kekuasaan kehakiman merupakan kekuasan yang .... untuk menyelenggarakan peradilan guna menegakkan hukum dan keadilan.
6. Advokat berfungsi untuk mewakili...
11. ...merupakan lembaga negara yang bertugas khusus dibidang penuntutan
12. Di bidang perdata dan tata usaha negara, kejaksaan dengan kuasa khusus dapat bertindak baik di dalam maupun di luar pengadilan untuk dan atas nama ... atau pemerintah.
14. pelanggaran terhadap orang yang memerlukan pertolongan isi dari pasal 531 .... buku ketiga ialah tentang...
18. Advokat menjalankan tugasnya secara...
20. kekuasaan ... merupakan kekuasan yang merdeka untuk menyelenggarakan peradilan guna menegakkan hukum dan keadilan.
22. Selain Hofton, pencetus bahwa ilmu pengetahuan merupakan upaya pencarian pengetahuan yang dapat diuji berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip dan prosedur tertentu dengan menggunakan metode yang bertahap dan sistematis ialah...
26. "Calon pejabat atau anggota dewan dapat menggunakan media sosial di internet untuk berkampanye dengan biaya relatif murah." merupakan pengaruh kemajuan IPTEK dibidang...
27. ...adalah sifat negatif yang didapatkan dari kemajuan IPTEK di bidang ekonomi.
28. ...menyatakan bahwa teknologi adalah berbagai alat dan sistem yang bekerja sama untuk suatu tujuan yang sama.
30. Kepada apa masyarakat Indonesia berpegang dalam sikap selektif terhadap IPTEK?
34. merupakan peraturan dalam kemasyarakatan yang mempunyai sifat mengatur dan memaksa setiap orang di dalamnya untuk mengikutinya.
35. Singkatan dari ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi
39. dibentuk berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2002

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1. c)Formulacion de la __
4. autor que creo el concepto de fuerza de la mortalidad de un padecimiento especifico
5. Uso ordenado de principios que permiten obtener información de una enfermedad
9. Medicina que se basa en la magia y hechizos, con origen filosófico-empirico
13. resistencia permanente de alguien en un lugar
14. la función de este sistema en el capitalismo era la reproducción, mantenimiento y readaptación de la fuerza de trabajo
16. autor de la ley estadística, que estudio similitudes para el desarrollo de la sociedad
17. durante la época de la medicina __ surgen conocimientos sobre la higiene contra la enfermedad y muerte, una vez que deja de ser nómada
20. metafora que representa un fenómeno en donde los procesos están ocultos al observador, limitándosela a buscar las partes en las que se pueden actuar
22. Hizo experimentos en fruta seca que sentaron las bases para la prevención y tratamiento del escorbuto
24. del griego, quiere decir pueblo
25. Primer hombre en la historia en reproducir experimentalmente una enfermedad por deficiencia
26. Estudio de la distribución y determinantes de enfermedades en poblaciones humanas
29. autor que descubrió la forma de transmisión de la fiebre amarilla por el mosquito
30. d) aplicación practica de los __
34. Elabora el concepto de constitución apedemica de las poblaciones y represenante de la epidemiologia antigua
36. durante el __ se considera a la saud como consecuencia de los esfuerzos de la ciencia medica en contra de las enfermedades
40. en 1662 dio los primeros pasos para el desarrollo de las tablas de vida, fundador de la bioestadistica
41. invitaba a formular los problemas de salud en forma matemática, generalizando estudios sobre la causa de los padecimientos y muerte de poblacion
45. que reside temporalmente en un lugar donde es extranjero
46. Uso el termino "medicina social" y proclamo el derecho de los ciudadanos al trabajo como algo fundamental
47. describe a la higiene como circunfusa, aplicada, ingesta, excreta, gesta y percepta
51. epoca en donde el proceso salud-enfermedad era concebido como perdón y castigo divino
53. ciencia que aplica el análisis estadístico a los problemas y objetos de estudio de la biologia
54. Sujeto de estudio de la epidemiología
55. Busco relaciones entre mortalidad, nacimientos y casamientos en Alemania
56. pronuncia el discurso "la miseria del pueblo" en donde sugiere que ñas condiciones materiales afectan a la salud
57. durante esta epoca hay distribución desigual de servicios en los grupos sociales y la salud se usa como publicidad asociado a la belleza, felicidad y bienestar, para el consumo
59. padre de la epidemiologia moderna, crea la primer teórica general del contagio vivo de la enfermedad

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2. Procesos infecciosos transmisibles que afectaron grandes grupos humanos
3. b) Apreciación __ de la información
6. en 1911 emite la teoría de la patología social y de la higiene social
7. ciencia que ayuda a diagnosticar una enfermedad especifica y que diferencia padecimientos
8. lugar donde se fundo la primer sociedad epidemiológica en 1850
10. En la epoca __ se dio aspectos caritativos de la medicina, con propósito de "salvar el alma"
11. las sociedades __ no distinguían lo que era salud-enfermedad, solo aplicaban medicina instintiva y solo les importaba reproducirse y alimentarse
12. Autor de la obra "Fiebre tifoidea"
15. medicina en la que se oriento una investigación en la búsqueda del agente causal
18. Personaje que con sus observaciones en las ordeñadoras de vacas, dio los primeros pasos para la vacuna de la viruela
19. autor de del estudio "observaciones hechas durante la epidemia de sarampión en las Islas Feroe"
21. medio que permitió acumular el conocimiento científico, originada en mesopotamia
23. publico trabajos relacionados con los patrones de mortalidad natalidad y enfermedad en la población inglesa
27. Con sus estudios concluyo que el arroz no curado es una causa de Beri-Beri
28. clase social que consideraba a la enfermedad como un fenómeno biológico e individual
30. Medicina en la la higiene se convirtió en un factor importante
31. d) __ de la hipótesis
32. del griego, significa encima
33. Libro que impacto en la practica medica del siglo XVII por relación en las características y propagación de epidemias anteriores
35. la epidemiologia estudia el proceso salud- __
37. Lugar donde surge la profesión medica
38. peste que azoto Europa en el siglo XIV
39. Eventos relacionados directa o indirectamente con la salud
42. a) Definición del __
43. significa estudios, del griego
44. Padre de la epidemiologia
48. Completo estado de bienestar físico, mental y social, y no solo ausencia de la enfermedad
49. autor de la obra "The contagiousness of puerperal fever"
50. medicina que dedica sus esfuerzos a la enfermedad diagnostico y tratamiento
52. Medico que estableció las enfermedades que resultan de contagios específicos
58. la medicina __ consideraba que la salud era un equilibrio entre la relación humana con las fuerzas sobrenaturales, y era practicada por un sacerdote

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1. Despite being one of the Persian king’s generals, he assassinated Darius before Alexander the Great could.
3. This militaristic group of Greeks did not embrace democracy, but instead embraced a kingship that functioned only because of a huge class of brutally mistreated slaves known as helots.
7. This Persian king extended Persian control east to the Indus River Valley, west to Egypt, and north to Anatolia.
8. This Persian king took his nomadic warriors and conquered Mesopotamia, including the Babylonians, which ended the Babylonian Exile.
9. The Zoroastrian god who was believed to choose the king of Persia.
12. This empire, led by Alexander the Great, was able to overtake the fractured Greek city-states following the conflict between Sparta and Athens.
14. The Persian governors in 23 provinces.
18. During this battle of the Greco-Persian War, 300 brave Spartans supposedly battled 5 million Persians (although they were aided by many other Greek forces.
19. following the Greco-Persian War, Greece was associated with Freedom, while Persia was associated with this.
20. Alexander the Great gave the ancient world this common language, which facilitated conversations and commerce.
23. The Greek Empire was broken down into these entities, consisting of both a city and the surrounding area.
24. After the death of Alexander the Great, his Empire broke into three empires called this.
25. This temple in Athens eventually became a church, then a mosque, then an armory, and is of course currently a ruin.
26. After the Greco-Persian War, it emerged as the de facto capital of Greece and experienced a Golden Age.
27. Kings such as Cyrus and Darius kept control of the massive Persian Empire through networks of these.
31. This ancient highway was reorganized and rebuilt by King Darius the Great in the 5th century and allowed mounted couriers to traverse the length of the empire in a short time.
33. The ceremonial capital of Persia during the Achaemenid Empire, located 400 miles South of Tehran, it was built by Darius the Great and his son, Xerxes I.
34. A city in Egypt named after Alexander the Great that became a major center of learning in the classical world, and was home to the most amazing library ever, which Julius Caesar burned down.
37. Large and aggressive states and political systems that exercise coercive power.
38. The horse, whom no one else could ride, that Alexander the Great tamed at the age of 13.
40. This Roman general was so obsessed with Alexander the Great that he tried to emulate his boyishly disheveled hairstyle.

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2. This was forbidden by the Persian religion, so it was almost unheard of in Classical Persia.
4. Greek philosopher who coined an interrogative method of teaching.
5. Extra long spears used by the army of Alexander the Great.
6. He invaded Egypt in 1798, not because he needed to do so, but because he wanted to do what Alexander had done.
10. Alexander the Great’s main post-death legacy was his introduction of this Persian ideal of government to the Greco-Roman World.
11. One of the first true historians and the author of the famous book “The Persian Wars”.
13. This dynasty was founded in 539 BCE by King Cyrus the Great.
15. When this group returned from the Greco-Persian Wars, they demanded political rights, thus radicalizing Athenian Democracy for the lower-classes.
16. Ancient Greek philosopher who tutored Alexander the Great.
17. The monotheistic religion of classical Persia.
21. The Persian wife of Alexander the Great who supposedly (while still a teenager) engineered the assassinations of many of Alexander’s fellow wives.
22. This 30 year conflict between Athens and Sparta was spawned by Athenian imperialism following the Greco-Persian War.
28. This Greek Father of Comedy wrote 40 plays, although only 11 survive.
29. This battle of the Greco-Persian War, fought in 490 BCE, was viewed as the product of Greek freedom, which gave their soldiers a reason to fight with extraordinary courage.
30. Athenian statesman whose famous funeral oration brags about the golden democracy of Athens.
32. The start of the Greco-Persian War came when Persia began to dominate this former Greek colony.
35. Persian king who led two major campaigns against the Athenians.
36. The father of Alexander the Great.
39. When Athenians sailed to this Spartan colony, demanding they submit to Athenian rule, they endorsed the theory of Realism in international relations, as they believed the group with the most power could do as it willed.

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1. Pengumpulan dan pengangkutan rempah Maluku ke belahan dunia barat Nusantara ditangani sepenuhnya oleh orang Melayu, Jawa, ... , dan Maluku
7. Para pedagang Nusantara telah turut aktif dalam jaringan
9. "Hingga abad ke 12 hubungan perniagaan antara cina dengan Nusantara masih di dominasi oleh komoditas rempah" adalah pernyataan dari
10. Nusantara dari masa ke masa telah menjadi daerah strategis yang amat penting dan tujuan perdagangan selama ... tahun
11. Bangsa Eropa yang datang ke Banda setelah Portugis adalah
12. Perdagangan rempah di Nusantara meninggalkan jejak peradaban berupa peninggalan situs sejarah, ritus budaya, hingga melahirkan beragam produk budaya yang terinspirasi dari alam ... yang kaya
14. Bukti awal adanya peran Nusantara dalam percaturan dagang di Samudra Hindia datang dari seorang astronom Yunani bernama Claudius Ptolomaeus yang tinggal di
20. Rempah yang mendominasi perdagangan dari Maluku adalah
22. Sejak tahun 2017, Indonesia melalui Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan merintis upaya pengusulan Jalur Rempah sebagai warisan dunia ke
24. Metode transportasi yang mengubah perdagangan rempah-rempah
25. Pulau yang terbentuk dari gunung berapi yang timbul secara perlahan lahan dari dasar laut ke permukaan laut adalah sebutan untuk pulau
27. Jejak kayu gaharu ditemukan di negara
28. Produk jualan yang menjadi unggulan dari suatu negara disebut
29. Penjelajahan samudera yang dilakukan oleh Portugis berawal dari kota
31. Benteng Sao Paolo didirikan oleh bangsa Portugis di wilayah
34. Daerah di Indonesia yang menjadi pusat perdagangan pala
35. Sejarah Jalur Rempah dari masa ke masa merupakan contoh nyata bahwa ... budaya telah dipraktikkan di segala lini oleh individu, komunitas masyarakat, hingga tingkatan negara-bangsa
36. Ia menulis Guide to Geography, peta kuno di mana di dalamnya tercantum nama sebuah kota bernama Barus, yang nampaknya merupakan kota ... kuno yang amat penting di Sumatera dan dunia
38. Pohon cengkih adalah tanaman yang berasal dari lima pulau kecil yang terletak di sebelah barat pulau
40. Sebagian wilayah Indonesia merupakan wilayah perairan sehingga Indonesia termasuk wilayah
42. Colombus memulai pelayaran dari Spanyol ke arah barat menyerangi samudra
43. Wilayah laut antarbenua yang membentang dari Samudra Atlantik di bagian barat hingga Asia di bagian timur adalah
46. Bukti kuno perdagangan rempah lainnya berasal dari Terqa, suatu situs di Mesopotamia yang sekarang biasa di sebut
47. Benua yang menjadi fokus utama perdagangan rempah-rempah
48. Rentang waktu sekitar 200 tahun dalam sejarah Romawi yang diidentifikasi sebagai periode dan zaman keemasan imperialisme Romawi adalah pengertian dari
49. Jalur pelayaran dan perdagangan di Nusantara lebih cocok disebut sebagai jalur rempah daripada jalur sutera merupakan pernyataan dari
50. Nama pelabuhan perdagangan di Sumatera pada masa lampau, adalah pelabuhan

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1. Berkat rempah di nusantara menjadi tempat bertemunya manusia dari berbagai belahan dunia dan menjadi wilayah persemaian dan silang budaya yang mempertemukan berbagai ide, gagasan, konsep, ilmu pengetahuan, agama,..., estetika, hingga adat kebiasaan
2. Pengadaan barang dagangan tertentu baik itu di pasar lokal maupun nasional dan sekurang-kurangnya sepertiga dari pasar tersebut dikuasai oleh orang maupun satu kelompok di sebut
3. Salah satu daerah utama penanaman lada di Indonesia sebelum Perang Dunia II adalah
4. Rempah yang memiliki khasiat sebagai analgetik adalah
5. Perjanjian yang menentukan pembagian bumi timur dan barat untuk Spanyol dan Portugis adalah pengertian dari perjanjian
6. Agama Katholik disebarkan di daerah Maluku oleh bangsa
8. Kapal-kapal Nusantara digunakan para biarawan dari Tiongkok untuk pergi belajar agama Buddha di Suvarnadvipa atau daerah
13. Jalur perdagangan rempah-rempah melalui ... inilah yang menjadi sarana bagi pertukaran antarbudaya yang berkontribusi penting dalam membentuk peradaban dunia
15. Datangnya penutur bahasa ... ke Nusantara sekitar 4.500 tahun lalu dengan perahu
16. Makanan khas Indonesia yang pernah dinobatkan sebagai makanan terenak di dunia adalah
17. Perusahaan dagang yang bersejarah dan memiliki pengaruh besar dalam perkembangan ekonomi dan politik di Belanda pada abad ke-17 hingga ke-18 di sebut
18. Perdagangan melalui jalur darat disebut juga
19. Cengkih dan kayu manis dari Indonesia timur sebelumnya sudah ada di daerah Laut Merah dan
21. Pelayaran yang dilakukan oleh VOC untuk mengawasi perdagangan cengkih di Maluku adalah
23. Jalur Rempah memanjang sampai ke belahan benua lain dengan melintasi samudra. Jalur ini merupakan rute yang terbentuk karena perdagangan rempah-rempah dari Timur Nusantara, yaitu ... dan cengkih
26. Bagian cengkih yang mengandung minyak asiri adalah
30. Lada, pala, dan cengkih termasuk ke dalam jenis
32. Rempah-rempah yang dikonsumsi oleh bangsa Eropa berasal dari daerah di India yaitu
33. Rempah yang bisa digunakan untuk pengawetan mayat adalah
37. Ekspedisi pencarian kepulauan rempah yang dilakukan pada tahun 1595 yang di pimpin oleh Cornelis de Houtman adalah bangsa
39. Jenis rempah pertama yang memiliki rasa pedas dan aroma yang khas adalah
41. Bangsa yang menggunakan lada sebagai bahan obat obatan adalah bangsa
44. Kerajaan Ternate dan ... yang sangat terkenal dengan hasil rempah-rempahnya, seperti pala, lada, cengkeh dan sejenisnya
45. Nama lain Indonesia adalah

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2. powerful leader

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1. way of trvel

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4. the part of mathematics concerned with the size, shape and relative position of figures, or the study of lines, angles, shapes and their properties
5. a number that will divide into another number exactly, e.g. the factors of 10 are 1, 2 and 5
8. a step by step procedure by which an operation can be carried out
9. a line on which all points correspond to real numbers (a simple number line may only mark integers, but in theory all real numbers to +/- infinity can be shown on a number line)
12. a real number which expresses fractions on the base 10 standard numbering system using place value, e.g. 37⁄100 = 0.37
13. the number of unique digits (including zero) that a positional numeral system uses to represent numbers, e.g. base 10 (decimal) uses 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 in each place value position; base 2 (binary) uses just 0 and 1; base 60 (sexagesimal, as used in ancient Mesopotamia) uses all the numbers from 0 to 59; etc
14. a branch of mathematics involving derivatives and integrals, used to study motion and changing values
16. whole numbers, both positive (natural numbers) and negative, including zero
19. the ratio of two quantities (equivalent to approximately 1 : 1.6180339887) where the ratio of the sum of the quantities to the larger quantity equals the ratio of the larger quantity to the smaller one, usually denoted by the Greek letter phi φ (phi)
20. the ordered pair that gives the location or position of a point on a coordinate plane, determined by the point’s distance from the x and y axes, e.g. (2, 3.7) or (-5, 4)
21. the operation in calculus (inverse to the operation of integration) of finding the derivative of a function or equation
22. a relation or correspondence between two sets in which one element of the second (codomain or range) set ƒ(x) is assigned to each element of the first (domain) set x, e.g. ƒ(x) = x2 or y = x2 assigns a value to ƒ(x) or y based on the square of each value of x

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1. the set of positive integers (regular whole counting numbers), sometimes including zero
2. numbers any integer, ration or real number which is less than 0, e.g. -743, -1.4, -√5 (but not √-1, which is an imaginary or complex number)
3. a way of writing rational numbers (numbers that are not whole numbers), also used to represent ratios or division, in the form of a numerator over a denominator, e.g. 3⁄5 (a unit fraction is a fraction whose numerator is 1)
6. the factors of the terms (i.e. the numbers in front of the letters) in a mathematical expression or equation, e.g. in the expression 4x + 5y2 + 3z, the coefficients for x, y2 and z are 4, 5 and 3 respectively
7. an algebraic equation in which each term is either a constant or the product of a constant and the first power of a single variable, and whose graph is therefore a straight line, e.g. y = 4, y = 5x + 3
8. a branch of mathematics that uses symbols or letters to represent variables, values or numbers, which can then be used to express operations and relationships and to solve equations
10. a rule or equation describing the relationship of two or more variables or quantities, e.g. A = πr2
11. in geometry, a one-dimensional figure following a continuous straight path joining two or more points, whether infinite in both directions or just a line segment bounded by two distinct end points
14. a measure of relationship between two variables or sets of data, a positive correlation coefficient indicating that one variable tends to increase or decrease as the other does, and a negative correlation coefficient indicating that one variable tends to increase as the other decreases and vice versa
15. a measure of how a function or curve changes as its input changes, i.e. the best linear approximation of the function at a particular input value, as represented by the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the function at that point, found by the operation of differentiation
16. a quantity or set of numbers without bound, limit or end, whether countably infinite like the set of integers, or uncountably infinite like the set of real numbers (represented by the symbol ∞)
17. value the amount predicted to be gained, using the calculation for average expected payoff, which can be calculated as the integral of a random variable with respect to its probability measure (the expected value may not actually be the most probable value and may not even exist, e.g. 2.5 children)
18. the part of mathematics that studies quantity, especially as the result of combining numbers (as opposed to variables) using the traditional operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division (the more advanced manipulation of numbers is usually known as number theory)

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6. a person or thing that succeeds or follows.
7. a Chinese political philosophy based on the idea that a highly efficient and powerful government is the key to social order.
8. sixth and best-known ruler of the 1st dynasty of Babylon (reigning c. 1792–1750 BCE), noted for his surviving set of laws, once considered the oldest promulgation of laws in human history.
9. a cashless economic system in which services and goods are traded at negotiated rates.
11. the historical pattern of the rise, decline, and replacement of dynasties.
12. was one of the most powerful gods in ancient Egypt. At the height of Egyptian civilization he was called the 'King of the Gods'. Amun was important throughout the history of ancient Egypt.
13. to put (laws or rules) together as a code or system.
14. a body of rules that defines and protects the private rights of citizens.
16. is a society where economic decisions are guided by customs. It relies on hunting and fishing and uses a barter system for trade.
17. Emperor Wu of Han, born as Liu Che, was the seventh emperor of the Han Dynasty. He inherited the Han empire when he was 15. ... During Emperor Wu's reign, between 130 and 110 BC, the Han ruling court and the army started winning major battles.
18. was the first female ruler of ancient Egypt to reign as a male with the full authority of pharaoh.
19. in Chinese history, the divine approval thought to be the basis of royal authority.
23. Nebuchadnezzar (reigned 605-562 B.C.) was a king of Babylon during whose long and eventful reign the Neo-Babylonian Empire attained its peak and the city of Babylon its greatest glory.
24. a thing done successfully, typically by effort, courage, or skill.
26. a system of depart- ments and agencies formed to carry out the work of government.
28. a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.
29. a society or organization founded for a religious, educational, social, or similar purpose.
31. was the first emperor of a unified China. ... The Qin Dynasty he founded (pronounced `Chin') gave its name to China and it was he who first initiated the building of the Great Wall and construction of the Grand Canal.
33. Great Indian King who turned away from military conquest and embraced Buddhist ideals of compassion and non-violence.
35. a king of ancient Egypt, considered a god as well as a political and military leader.
36. an extended family, typically consisting of three or more generations and their spouses, living together as a single household.
37. make (a hole or channel) by digging.

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1. a system of writing with wedge-shaped symbols, invented by the Sumerians around 3000 B.C.
2. Third king of the 19th dynasty of Egypt, whose reign (1279-13 BC) was the second longest in Egyptian history. In addition to his wars with the Hittites and Libyans, he is known for his extensive building programs and for the many colossal statues of him found all over Egypt.
3. supreme military leader exercising civil power in a region especially one accountable to nobody when the central government is weak.
4. a process of embalming and drying corpses to prevent them from decaying.
5. the policy of territorial or economic expansion.
10. founder of the Mauryan dynasty (reigned c. 321–c. 297 bce) and the first emperor to unify most of India under one administration.
15. a system or stage of economic life in which money replaced barter in the exchange of goods.
18. an ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds.
20. a political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land.
21. a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.
22. Widely considered a military genius by historians, Thutmose III conducted at least 15 campaigns in 20 years. He was an active expansionist ruler, sometimes called Egypt's greatest conqueror or "the Napoleon of Egypt."
25. the supply of water to land or crops to help growth, typically by means of channels.
27. a system of law concerned with the punishment of those who commit crimes.
30. Sargon, byname Sargon Of Akkad, (lived in the 23rd century BC), ancient Mesopotamian ruler (reigned c. 2334–2279 BC), one of the earliest of the world’s great empire builders, conquering all of southern Mesopotamia as well as parts of Syria, Anatolia, and Elam (western Iran).
32. a series of rulers from a single family.
34. to make out the meaning of (poor or partially obliterated writing, etc.)

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3. SOMETHING GROTESQUE AND DEFORMED, OR A PERSON WHOSE IS SIMPLE-MINDED, ORIGINALLY USED TO DESCRIBE AN ABORTIVE LIVESTOCK FETUS
5. A RELIC THAT WAS ALLEGEDLY USED TO WIPE SWEAT AND BLOOD FROM THE BROW OF JESUS AS HE CARRIED THE CROSS TO GOLGOTHA
7. A SMALL ROOM LEADING TO A LARGER, MAIN ROOM, SIMILAR TO A VESTIBULE OR LOBBY
8. MEAGER
12. THE ITALIAN NAME FOR A CURSE FROM THE EVIL EYE
13. THIS TYPE OF JACKET IS HIP-LENGTH, BUTTON-DOWN, TAILORED, AND NAMED FOR A PREVIOUS PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA
15. MOUNTAIN RANGE AND TEMPERATE RAINFOREST IN NEW YORK STATE, NAMED BY THE DUTCH DUE TO THE MOUNTAIN LIONS IN THE AREA, AND KNOWN FOR ITS POPULARITY AMONG THE HUDSON RIVER SCHOOL PAINTERS, MANY FILM LOCATIONS, AND THE "BORSCHT BELT," A SUCCESSION OF POPULAR JEWISH RESORTS
16. FORMLESS, RUDIMENTARY, OR INCIPIENT
20. ARGENTINE TALL COCKTAIL CONSISTING OF A BITTER ITALIAN LIQUEUR AND A SODA MIXER
21. AN OPTICAL REFLECTANCE EFFECT IN GEMOLOGY WHICH RESEMBLES METALLIC GLITTER, SUCH AS THAT FOUND IN SUNSTONE
25. SMALL VEHICLE USED IN MANY COUNTRIES FOR TAXI SERVICE, MAY BE MOTORIZED OR FOOT-PEDALLED, AND PARTICULARLY PREVALENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
27. DURING THE VIETNAM WAR, MILITARY PRESS BRIEFINGS GAINED THIS SOBRIQUET AS THEY WERE KNOWN FOR CYNICAL JOKES AND GAPS IN CREDULITY
30. UTTER CATASTROPHE, AND ALSO, ODDLY, A ROUND-BOTTOM GLASS FLASK FOR WINE THAT REQUIRES A RAFFIA BASKET SURROUNDING IT TO REMAIN UPRIGHT
31. A VENERATED GRAYHOUND IN 13TH CENTURY FRANCE WHO WAS PRAYED TO FOR INTERCESSION WHEN A CHILD WAS SICK, DESPITE THE WIDER CHURCH'S DISAPPROVAL
34. A TYPE OF SEA FOG THAT IS OFTEN BLOWN INLAND BY BREEZES; ITS NAME IS OF SCOTS ORIGIN
37. STONE THRONE FOR A KAMI IN SHINTOIST GARDENS
40. AN AMERICAN DESSERT POPULARIZED BY A DOLE CONTEST IN THE 1920S, CONSISTING OF AN INVERTED BUTTER CAKE AND FRUIT TOPPINGS
42. IN GEMOLOGY, THIS WORD DESCRIBES A NARROW BAND OF WHITE LIGHT WITHIN WHICH THE COLOR OR LUSTER OF THE STONE CHANGES
43. SKULL IN HAMLET THAT PREVIOUSLY BELONGED TO THE COURT JESTER
44. THE AZTECAN GOD OF RAIN
45. GREEK GODDESS OF THE EVENING
46. A SIMPLE SLED WITH NO RUNNERS WHOSE NAME IS A LOANWORD FROM ALGONQUIN
47. A FRENCH-ORIGIN APPLE VARIETY NAMED FOR THE ANIMAL ORGAN WHICH IT RESEMBLES AND WHICH IS PRIZED FOR ITS USE IN DESSERTS
48. A SCOTS TERM FOR UNMARRIED INTERCOURSE

Down

1. GREEK SAINT NICHOLAS THE PILGRIM REPEATED THIS HOLY PHRASE OVER AND OVER
2. PRINCESS MIA'S CAT, MUCH BELOVED BY AUDIENCES
3. KOI-LIKE POKEMON WHICH EVOLVES TO A MUCH MORE POWERFUL DRAGONLIKE FORM
4. OSCAR THE GROUCH'S CONSTANT COMPANION
6. A WHITE FLOWER KNOWN AS A SYMBOL OF ALPINISM AND EMPRESS SISI, WHOSE OTHER NAMES INCLUDE NIVALE, CAT'S-PAWS, AND CLIFFHANGER'S FLOWER
9. A TERM USED TO DESCRIBE THE GRAPHIC AND SCULPTURAL WORKS LEFT ON GEOGRAPHICAL LANDMARKS DATING BACK TO THE UPPER PALEOLITHIC PERIOD IN CHILE, THOUGH IT MAY BE USED GENERALLY FOR ANYTHING INSCRIBED ON ROCK
10. DANCE CRAZE IN THE 1950S AND '60S, VERY SIMILAR TO A BOOGALOO
11. TO MAKE DIRTY OR DAMAGE THE PURITY OF SOMETHING
12. THIS HISTORICAL-REFERENCING NICKNAME MAKES A COMMON SICKNESS AMONG TRAVELERS SOUND MUCH MORE MALEVOLENT
14. UNCLE-LIKE, ESPECIALLY AS PERTAINS TO PERSONALITY OR ADVICE-GIVING
17. ONE OF THE FEW WOMEN TO BECOME SIGNIFICANT IN THE MODERNIST MOVEMENT OF THE 1940S AND '50S, SHE WAS A CANADIAN POET
18. AN EARTHEN OVEN USED IN MOROCCO TO SLOW-COOK LAMB ROASTS ON SPECIAL OCCASIONS
19. SATED OR WELL-SUPPLIED
22. TO STEAL, USUALLY SOMETHING FOR ONE'S OWN PURPOSES
23. SYSTEM OF WEDGE-SHAPED WRITING IN ANCIENT SUMERIA AND MESOPOTAMIA
24. A PARODIC AND SURREAL '90S CARTOON NETWORK TALK SHOW WHICH HELPED LAUNCH ADULT SWIM IN THE SUCCEEDING YEARS
26. THIS BAND USED THEIR OWN BLOOD IN THE INK OF THEIR MARVEL COMICS RUN
28. THE BASSIST AND CO-VOCALIST OF THE PIXIES AND THE FRONTWOMAN OF THE BREEDERS
29. WITH GREAT SPEED OR IMMEDIACY
32. FIRST AMERICAN WOMAN SKATER TO LAND A TRIPLE AXEL AT THE OLYMPICS, AND THIRD-EVER WOMAN FROM ANY COUNTRY TO DO SO
33. TERM FOR AN ACTOR, NAMED SO AFTER THE FIRST ANCIENT GREEK TO STEP OUT FROM THE CHORUS AND RECITE ALONE
34. A GERMAN TITLE EQUIVALENT TO DUKE
35. C.O.D. FOR MANY VICTIMS OF VIOLENT CRIME
36. THE SCOTTISH CHIVALRIC AWARD NAMED FOR ITS NATIONAL PLANT, EQUIVALENT TO THE GARTER IN ENGLAND
38. SITE IN ROHAN OF AN IMMENSE SIEGE AND BATTLE DURING THE SECOND WAR OF THE RING
39. MISTRESS OF LOUIS XV AND MODEL FOR THE NOTORIOUS "RESTING GIRL" BOUCHER PAINTING, SHE WAS OF IRISH ANCESTRY
41. JAPANESE EMBROIDERY ART WHOSE NAME TRANSLATES LITERALLY AS "LITTLE STABS," INVOLVING WHITE OR RED THREAD IN INDIGO-DYED FABRIC AND WHICH IS USED TO BOLSTER DURABILITY OF THE PIECE
42. THE 21ST PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, FORMER CUSTOMS COLLECTOR OF THE PORT OF NEW YORK, AND KNOWN FOR HIS CIVIL SERVICE REFORMS AND LOVE OF LUXURY

Across

2. a woodland god depicted with goat's ears, horns, legs / causes terror during battle, hence "panic"
5. goddess of Athens, wisdom, arts and crafts / protectress of civilization and a war deity more popular with the ancient Greeks than Ares / principal attributes are the owl, the helmet, and the spear
7. god of war / an unpleasant and unpopular figure in Greek mythology because the ancient Greeks generally disliked war
8. kills the minotaur in Crete / became King of Athens
10. first generation of gods to rule the world, before the Olympians - the twelve children of the primordial parents Uranus (Sky) and Gaia (Earth) / were overthrown as part of the Greek succession myth, which tells how Cronus seized power from his father Uranus and ruled the cosmos with his fellow Titans before being in turn defeated and replaced as the ruling pantheon of gods by Zeus and the Olympians in a ten-year war
14. goddess of agriculture / her name means "earth mother" / worshipped by a mystery cult in the city of Eleusis / with the kidnapping of her daughter Persephone by Hades, her emotions and actions directly affect the cycle of the seasons
15. Apollo's twin sister and his antithesis / goddess of hunting / major attribute is the bow and arrow
17. messenger of the gods / Zeus' illegitimate son who is sometimes denounced as his father's "lackey" / god of lower-class working people: merchants, athletes, gamblers, and thieves
19. god of fire and the forge / at birth, he was so ugly that his mother flung him off Mount Olympus causing him to become lame / associated with volcanoes and the creator of several (metallic) inventions
22. kills Medusa, a monster with snakes for hair who could turn anyone to stone who looked into her eyes / son of Zeus and Danaë, the daughter of the king of Argos - as an infant, he was cast into the sea in a chest with his mother by his grandfather, who had been told that he would kill him
23. god of wine-making and theatre / youngest of the Olympian gods / in Greek art, he is depicted as an Easterner - his cult was imported from Asia Minor and he brings Eastern things and ideas to Greece (e.g. cymbals, wine and the vine)
24. torch-bearing female earth-demons / depicted with blood dripping from their eyes and snakes instead of hair / their principal function is to avenge murder, especially the murder of a parent by a child / originally part of a cult based on ghost worship
25. fulfilled a prophecy that he would end up killing his father and marrying his mother, thereby bringing disaster to his city - Thebes - and family
26. raised by the centaur Cheiron after his uncle kills his father / leads the Argonauts and recovers the Golden Fleece - a symbol of authority and kingship

Down

1. depicted as three old women spinning thread - they include Clotho ("I spin"), Lachesis ("allotment"), and Atropos ("inflexible) / a metaphor for birth, destiny, and death
3. god of the dead, the collector and keeper of souls / not a god of death like the Grim Reaper nor a demon like the Devil / his abduction of Persephone explains the seasons / his name means the "Unseen One" / also called Pluto ("Rich")
4. his father is the Titan Cronus - he usurps the throne of heaven from his father / attributes are the lightning bolt, the eagle, and a shield called the aegis ("protection")
6. goddess of beauty / wed to the blacksmith god Hephaestus, but she cheats on him often - Greek authors often treat her with contempt / originally imported into Greece from the Near East / Ishtar, the primary female deity in Mesopotamia, had a major influence on the development this goddess
9. kills many chthonic beasts (e.g. the Hydra, the Nemean Lion) / became identified with the Phoenician God Melqart / associated with Thebes
11. a catch-all category of minor female divinities / usually associated with ecological niches: trees, springs, rivers, seas / often attend a more important deity (e.g. Artemis)
12. became Zeus' wife after a long courtship - finally, Zeus tricked her into marrying him by turning into a pitiful sparrow / a suspicious wife, especially vengeful against Zeus' extramarital consorts and their offspring (e.g. Heracles)
13. goddess of the hearth / was responsible for tending to the fire in every mortal home and the divine hearth of the Olympians / also associated with food preparation and baking
16. returns to Ithaca after twenty years abroad (ten years of war at Troy and ten years of wandering) / known for his cunning, intelligence, and versatility
18. personifications of poetic and scientific inspiration / their name means "the reminders"
20. god of the sea / father of many lesser sea deities (e.g. Oceanids - the sea-nymphs) / carries a trident with which he stirs up tidal waves and causes earthquakes
21. son of Zeus and Leto, who Hera sent the Python - a giant serpent - after / god of many things: the sun, wisdom, prophecy, music, flocks, wolves, mice, plagues, medicine / center of worship for this god is Delphi - the Delphic oracle is famous for misleading oracles

Across

2. A majority group of Muslims who accept Mu’awiyah as caliph.
4. A crier who chants people when it is time to prayer.
5. The fifth pillar conducts that once in your life if “able” to make a pilgrimage to Makkah during 12th month of Islamic calendar.
6. The angel Gabriel visited _______ and revealed God’s teaching.
11. A cuded building built by Abraham to honor God in Makkan.
12. The leader of prayer and is synonymous with caliph and in the Qur’an is often a prayer to Abraham.
14. A scholar who present the idea of evolution of animals and often wrote about government policies to show support and thoughts.
16. Muslim scholar of law and gets consult by a qadi.
17. Human struggle to overcome challenges with external and internal struggles.
19. Five basic duties that all Muslim must conduct by the Qur’an and the Sunnah explain how to do them.
22. Muhammad’s wife known as the “Mother of the Believers”.
25. During _______ reign he conquered Mesopotamia and Syria and moved forward into Iran and Egypt.
26. This city was created by Abbasid dynasty and became one of the largest cities.
31. This philosopher was born in August 980 AD in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Two hundred forty of his creations survived including 150 on philosophy and 40 on medicine.
33. A war in which the Christians want to take back the Iberian peninsula from Muslims during 718 to 1492.
35. A type of design using patterns and shapes from nature.
36. Arabian peninsula was not united politically but united by .
38. An Empire founded by Genghis Khan in 1206 and lasted until 1368 and conquered southeast Asia to east Europe.
40. A device to tell time by the location of the stars or sun and is often used by sailors.
41. This book contains God’s final revelation to the world and describes God’s law and moral teaching.
42. He was the third caliph who oversaw the official version of the Qur’an. He died June 17, 656 in Medina, Saudi Arabia.
43. Moses, Jesus and Muhammad were who God revealed themselves to.
44. The ninth month of the Islamic calendar where God first revealed himself to Muhammad.
46. Muhammad’s only child to continue the bloodline and was born in year of Ka’bah rebuilt and 5 years before Muhammad was sent as a prophet.
47. The fourth pillar is fasting throughout Ramadan to know what it feels like to be poor and hungry.

Down

1. A compass which locates what direction is Makkah.
2. A body or collection of law that covers Muslim duties towards God, Qur’an and to respect others.
3. When a winged horse took Muhammad to Jerusalem and then to 7 levels of heaven.
4. A rich city and major trade center and was the birthplace of Muhammad.
5. A house in Baghdad which was founded by Caliph al-Ma’mun in 830.
6. The belief in one God.
7. In 622, Muhammad and his followers left Makkah because they were getting boycotted and went on a journey to Madinah and his journey marks the first year of Islamic calendar.
8. The fourth caliph and he was Muhammad’s cousin and his daughter Fatima’s husband.
9. The belief in many gods.
10. A judge in Muslim court who hears cases with evidence and witnesses.
13. Found the Umayyad dynasty and became a caliph.
15. A branch of biology that studies structure and development of animal and deals with the animal kingdom.
18. A ritual where Muslims wash their feet, hands and face to have a sense of purification.
20. A persian mathematician and astronomer introduced Hindu-Arabic numerals and the concepts of algebra can be inferred as the “father of algebra”.
21. A tower from a muezzin call people to prayer.
23. ______ was the first caliph, He was also known as al-Siddiq, in Arabic it means “the Upright”.
24. The minority of Muslims who believed that caliph that only direct descendant of Muhammad should be caliph.
27. A religious war fought over the holy land by Christians and Muslims.
28. The third pillar is about charity and give 2.5% of wealth to the less fortunate.
29. A singer and musician from Baghdad and he started the first music school in Corda, Spain.
30. The first pillar that Muslims declare there is only god but God and Muhammad is God’s messenger.
32. The second largest religion in the world.
34. A way of writing used in the Qur’an and it is very prestigious to be a this type of writer.
37. House of worship for Muslim.
39. Muhammad’s set example for muslim to follow.
40. Christianity, Judaism and Islam all trace back to this one man.
45. Second pillar which is about daily ritual prayer like praying 5 times a day and washing before prayer.

Across

3. -this is the most recent of the pillars of traffic which deals with the benefits and adverse effects of traffic to our economy.
4. -it refers to reduced risk of accident or injury on the roads, achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design.
9. -were first domesticated in Mesopotamia.
10. -is the movement or conveying of persons and goods from one location to another.
14. -invented the lead-acid battery.
17. -built an oil-fired steam car.
18. -a state or condition of severe road congestion arising when continuous queues of vehicle block an entire network of intersecting streets, bringing traffic in all directions to complete standstill.
20. -a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
24. -is a ploughed depression made by a sliding tire with material piled-up on each sides and usually at the end.
25. -high capacity urban roads that direct traffic from collector roads to free ways.
27. -one of the GREATEST INVENTION of man.
28. -this type generally prohibits entry unless the exit is clear.
29. -responsible for the adjudication of traffic-related cases filed before them.
30. -the striking of one body against another or a collision of a motor vehicle with another motor vehicle.
33. -This field deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of traffic laws and rules and regulations.
35. -these are motor vehicles owned by government offices and are used for official purposes only.
38. -these are the lines usually white and yellow or a combination of yellow and white officially set on the roadway as separation for motor vehicles travelling in the opposite direction or the same direction in case of two-lane one-way street, two-lane two-way street or four-lane two-way street.
40. -it is the process of giving training and practice in the actual application of traffic safety knowledge.
41. -the scattered broken parts of vehicles, rubbish, dust and other materials left at scene of the accident caused by a collision.
42. -was a small conveyance that is large enough for only one person.
45. -built his first automobile in Mannheim and he was granted a patent for his automobile.
46. -developed a diesel engine also known as compression-ignition engine.
47. -Built and operated steam buses in London.
48. -it refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
49. -Shall mean every and any licensed operator of a motor vehicle.

Down

1. -used chiefly by women of the upper classes.
2. -a covered carriage with two wheels, had seats for two or three and was usually drawn by two mules, horses or even oxen.
5. -this is when the traffic unit/s involved come to rest.
6. -to or riding on the outside or rear end of vehicle.
7. -was used by ancient Roman farmers as a traveling vehicle for themselves and their families.
8. -invented the electric motor.
11. -are signs left on the road by tires that are sliding or scrubbing while the wheel is still turning.
12. -these are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
13. -introduced the MODEL T.
15. -it means an entire width between the boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of the public for purpose of vehicular traffic.
16. -these are constructed along intersections or “rotundas” for purposes of turning-around.
19. -an area of a roadway created when two or more roadways join together at any angle.
21. -traffic flow here is directed by a circle, rotary island, or a runabout sign.
22. -Installed at the rear portion of the vehicle.
23. -Modern ancestors of the modern bicycle.
26. -first domesticated in Middle East.
29. -this method places the student into real life of driving situations from the beginning
31. refers to the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles, either powered by combustion system or animal drawn, from one place to another for purpose of travel.
32. -A document issued to a qualified driver possesses the statutory qualification as provided therefore. It is also public document which has the presumption of genuineness.
34. -these are road/streets interconnecting barangays with a municipality.
36. -these are narrow points or areas in highways where traffic congestions or traffic jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
37. -Man first used the power of his own feet in travelling while a load is either carried or dragged.
39. -marks caused by tires on roads which occur when a vehicle wheel stops rolling and slides in the surface of the road.
43. -it refers to the side of the roadway, especially along highways.
44. -the MAJOR road builders.

Across

3. -this is the most recent of the pillars of traffic which deals with the benefits and adverse effects of traffic to our economy.
4. -it refers to reduced risk of accident or injury on the roads, achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design.
9. -were first domesticated in Mesopotamia.
10. -is the movement or conveying of persons and goods from one location to another.
14. -invented the lead-acid battery.
17. -built an oil-fired steam car.
18. -a state or condition of severe road congestion arising when continuous queues of vehicle block an entire network of intersecting streets, bringing traffic in all directions to complete standstill.
20. -a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
24. -is a ploughed depression made by a sliding tire with material piled-up on each sides and usually at the end.
25. -high capacity urban roads that direct traffic from collector roads to free ways.
27. -one of the GREATEST INVENTION of man.
28. -this type generally prohibits entry unless the exit is clear.
29. -responsible for the adjudication of traffic-related cases filed before them.
30. -the striking of one body against another or a collision of a motor vehicle with another motor vehicle.
33. -This field deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of traffic laws and rules and regulations.
35. -these are motor vehicles owned by government offices and are used for official purposes only.
38. -these are the lines usually white and yellow or a combination of yellow and white officially set on the roadway as separation for motor vehicles travelling in the opposite direction or the same direction in case of two-lane one-way street, two-lane two-way street or four-lane two-way street.
40. -it is the process of giving training and practice in the actual application of traffic safety knowledge.
41. -the scattered broken parts of vehicles, rubbish, dust and other materials left at scene of the accident caused by a collision.
42. -was a small conveyance that is large enough for only one person.
45. -built his first automobile in Mannheim and he was granted a patent for his automobile.
46. -developed a diesel engine also known as compression-ignition engine.
47. -Built and operated steam buses in London.
48. -it refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
49. -Shall mean every and any licensed operator of a motor vehicle.

Down

1. -used chiefly by women of the upper classes.
2. -a covered carriage with two wheels, had seats for two or three and was usually drawn by two mules, horses or even oxen.
5. -this is when the traffic unit/s involved come to rest.
6. -to or riding on the outside or rear end of vehicle.
7. -was used by ancient Roman farmers as a traveling vehicle for themselves and their families.
8. -invented the electric motor.
11. -are signs left on the road by tires that are sliding or scrubbing while the wheel is still turning.
12. -these are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
13. -introduced the MODEL T.
15. -it means an entire width between the boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of the public for purpose of vehicular traffic.
16. -these are constructed along intersections or “rotundas” for purposes of turning-around.
19. -an area of a roadway created when two or more roadways join together at any angle.
21. -traffic flow here is directed by a circle, rotary island, or a runabout sign.
22. -Installed at the rear portion of the vehicle.
23. -Modern ancestors of the modern bicycle.
26. -first domesticated in Middle East.
29. -this method places the student into real life of driving situations from the beginning
31. refers to the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles, either powered by combustion system or animal drawn, from one place to another for purpose of travel.
32. -A document issued to a qualified driver possesses the statutory qualification as provided therefore. It is also public document which has the presumption of genuineness.
34. -these are road/streets interconnecting barangays with a municipality.
36. -these are narrow points or areas in highways where traffic congestions or traffic jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
37. -Man first used the power of his own feet in travelling while a load is either carried or dragged.
39. -marks caused by tires on roads which occur when a vehicle wheel stops rolling and slides in the surface of the road.
43. -it refers to the side of the roadway, especially along highways.
44. -the MAJOR road builders.

Across

3. -this is the most recent of the pillars of traffic which deals with the benefits and adverse effects of traffic to our economy.
4. -it refers to reduced risk of accident or injury on the roads, achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design.
9. -were first domesticated in Mesopotamia.
10. -is the movement or conveying of persons and goods from one location to another.
14. -invented the lead-acid battery.
17. -built an oil-fired steam car.
18. -a state or condition of severe road congestion arising when continuous queues of vehicle block an entire network of intersecting streets, bringing traffic in all directions to complete standstill.
20. -a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
24. -is a ploughed depression made by a sliding tire with material piled-up on each sides and usually at the end.
25. -high capacity urban roads that direct traffic from collector roads to free ways.
27. -one of the GREATEST INVENTION of man.
28. -this type generally prohibits entry unless the exit is clear.
29. -responsible for the adjudication of traffic-related cases filed before them.
30. -the striking of one body against another or a collision of a motor vehicle with another motor vehicle.
33. -This field deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of traffic laws and rules and regulations.
35. -these are motor vehicles owned by government offices and are used for official purposes only.
38. -these are the lines usually white and yellow or a combination of yellow and white officially set on the roadway as separation for motor vehicles travelling in the opposite direction or the same direction in case of two-lane one-way street, two-lane two-way street or four-lane two-way street.
40. -it is the process of giving training and practice in the actual application of traffic safety knowledge.
41. -the scattered broken parts of vehicles, rubbish, dust and other materials left at scene of the accident caused by a collision.
42. -was a small conveyance that is large enough for only one person.
45. -built his first automobile in Mannheim and he was granted a patent for his automobile.
46. -developed a diesel engine also known as compression-ignition engine.
47. -Built and operated steam buses in London.
48. -it refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
49. -Shall mean every and any licensed operator of a motor vehicle.

Down

1. -used chiefly by women of the upper classes.
2. -a covered carriage with two wheels, had seats for two or three and was usually drawn by two mules, horses or even oxen.
5. -this is when the traffic unit/s involved come to rest.
6. -to or riding on the outside or rear end of vehicle.
7. -was used by ancient Roman farmers as a traveling vehicle for themselves and their families.
8. -invented the electric motor.
11. -are signs left on the road by tires that are sliding or scrubbing while the wheel is still turning.
12. -these are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
13. -introduced the MODEL T.
15. -it means an entire width between the boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of the public for purpose of vehicular traffic.
16. -these are constructed along intersections or “rotundas” for purposes of turning-around.
19. -an area of a roadway created when two or more roadways join together at any angle.
21. -traffic flow here is directed by a circle, rotary island, or a runabout sign.
22. -Installed at the rear portion of the vehicle.
23. -Modern ancestors of the modern bicycle.
26. -first domesticated in Middle East.
29. -this method places the student into real life of driving situations from the beginning
31. refers to the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles, either powered by combustion system or animal drawn, from one place to another for purpose of travel.
32. -A document issued to a qualified driver possesses the statutory qualification as provided therefore. It is also public document which has the presumption of genuineness.
34. -these are road/streets interconnecting barangays with a municipality.
36. -these are narrow points or areas in highways where traffic congestions or traffic jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
37. -Man first used the power of his own feet in travelling while a load is either carried or dragged.
39. -marks caused by tires on roads which occur when a vehicle wheel stops rolling and slides in the surface of the road.
43. -it refers to the side of the roadway, especially along highways.
44. -the MAJOR road builders.

Across

3. Domestic Product: Gross domestic product is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced in a specific time period by countries.
4. Industry: a business that does work for a customer, and occasionally provides goods, but is not involved in manufacturing.
7. Diversity: An ethnic group or an ethnicity is a grouping of people who identify with each other on the basis of shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups.
10. is a fertile spot in a desert, where water is found.
12. language of parsha
13. Soil Deposit: l Soil Deposit Alluvium (from the Latin alluvius, from with allure, "to wash against") is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluvium is also sometimes called alluvial deposit.
15. A qanat or kariz or foggaras, is a system for transporting water from an aquifer or water well to the surface, through an underground aqueduct.
17. is an Abrahamic, monotheistic, and ethnic religion comprising the collective religious, cultural, and legal tradition and civilization of the Jewish people.
18. Grains: A cereal is any grass cultivated for the edible components of its grain, composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran. The term may also refer to the resulting grain itself.
19. Gulf: The Persian Gulf, sometimes called the Arabian Gulf, is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia. The body of water is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.
24. Peninsula: The Arabian Peninsula or simply Arabia, is a peninsula of Western Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate. At 3,237,500 km², the Arabian Peninsula is the largest peninsula in the world.
25. Pastoralism is a form of animal husbandry where domesticated animals known as livestock are released onto large vegetated outdoor lands for grazing, historically by nomadic people who moved around with their herds. The species involved include cattle, camels, goats, yaks, llamas, reindeer, horse and sheep
27. is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. It is the world's largest religion, with about 2.5 billion followers.

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1. is the process of removing salt from seawater.
2. a building used for public worship by Muslims.
5. Cuneiform is a logo-syllabic script that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Near East. The script was in active use from the early Bronze Age until the beginning of the Common Era. It is named for the characteristic wedge-shaped impressions which form its signs.
6. a nomadic Arab of the Arabian, Syrian, or northern African deserts.
8. is an Abrahamic, monotheistic, and universal religion teaching that Muhammad is a messenger of God. It is the world's second-largest religion with more than two billion followers or 24.9% of the world's population, known as Muslims.
9. :alternatively wād, North African Arabic Oued, is the Arabic term traditionally referring to a valley. In some instances, it may refer to a wet riverbed that contains water only when heavy rain occurs.
11. A ziggurat is a type of massive structure built in ancient Mesopotamia. It has the form of a terraced compound of successively receding stories or levels.
14. Petrochemicals are the chemical products obtained from petroleum by refining. Some chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, or renewable sources such as maize, palm fruit or sugar cane.
16. the action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling.
20. An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures or unconsolidated materials. Groundwater from aquifers can be extracted using a water well.
21. relating to earthquakes or other vibrations of the earth and its crust.
22. In religion, a prophet is an individual who is regarded as being in contact with a divine being and is said to speak on behalf of that being, serving as an intermediary with humanity by delivering messages or teachings from the supernatural source to other people.
23. Crescent: The Fertile Crescent is a crescent-shaped region in the Middle East, spanning modern-day Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, Jordan, and Northern Egypt, together with the northern region of Kuwait, southeastern region of Turkey and the western portion of Iran. Some authors also include Cyprus.
26. Delta: A river delta is a landform created by deposition of sediment that is carried by a river as the flow leaves its mouth and enters slower-moving or stagnant water.
28. Atlas Mountains: extend some 2,500km across northwestern Africa, spanning Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia, separating the Atlantic and Mediterranean coastline from the Sahara Desert.

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4. The process of preserving a dead body into a mummy
6. An ancient city
7. an extensive group of states or countries under one rule
12. The state council of the ancient Roman republic and empire
14. Empire in Southwest Asia
15. A permanet move from a country or region
19. A shrine containing the remains of a holy or sainted person and/or artifacts
20. The Preserver and guardian of men
22. You get what you give good and bad deeds
23. A member of iranian people
25. A decrease in the purchasing power of money
27. Small group having control of a country
28. An indigenous pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica
30. art works made during the classical period
32. The second king of Kings
34. The holy book of Muslims
36. ancient kushite ring
39. Region along the nile river
40. Persian leader that name starts with D
42. writings consisting's of hieroglyphs
44. 2,000 BC, people mainly used ore like bronze
45. A group of Indo Europeans Speakers
48. Hypothetical social system in which the father or a male elder has absolute authority over the family group
50. A citystate in greece
51. A single seller or producer that excludes competition from providing the same product
53. 4000-2000BC
57. A large Roman town in Campania, Italy which was buried in volcanic ash following the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 CE
60. A form of government
63. A long poem
65. A group of rebels that took over in 750 AD
68. An inventer
69. An official in ancient Rome chosen by the plebeians to protect their interests
71. A ruler with total power over a country
73. characters/ in and used in ancient writings
74. Spiritual founder of zorustriunism
76. A land based country in south east europe
78. Provincal govenor
80. Religions city center
82. Humans
84. A soldier of fortune or hired gun
87. The art of beautiful handwriting
91. The bishop of rome
92. An inhabitant of ancient times
93. a line of hereditary rulers of a country
94. 4 collections of prayers
96. Ancient assyrian city of mesopotamia
97. exchange for other goods
98. Exploiters form portiugal
99. A system of government in witch priests rule in the name of god
100. The royal wife Of Thatmose the third
101. upperpart of an ancient Greek city

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1. A group of police officers moving in formation
2. Comes from the Spanish maíz, or corn
3. He is a Greek poet
5. A member of hellenic people
6. A social system in which positions of dominance and authority are primarily held by women
8. The process of preserving a dead body into a mummy
9. An abraahomic religion based off the Quaran
10. A primate of a family
11. a city with surrounding territory thats a independent state
12. a person who talks/and acts out gods will
13. Structures used to conduct a water stream across a hollow or valley
16. Muhammads example
17. Process of specializing in one subject
18. A visual example.
21. Earliest highly developed culture in pre-Columbian Peru
24. A cruel ruler
26. Greek philosipher
29. Last achievement king
31. A kingdom located south of kush
33. One of the largest deserts
35. Medierianan part city in egypt
37. African people who lived in Nigeria between 500BC to AD200
38. A large amount of rainfall
41. A member of society having no permanent abode
43. The system of law that Muslims follow
46. Aksums chief support
47. The leader of Islam
49. A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives
52. Ruled Egypt for 200 years
53. A complete sense of peace and no problems
54. Any of the 12 disciples chosen by Jesus Christ
55. The chief pastor and overseer of a diocese
56. Author of the titan
58. A violent conflict between a state and one or more organized nonstate actors in the state's territory
59. The first elaborate pre-Columbian civilization of Mesoamerica
61. A member of a class in Sparta
62. A event causing great suffering
64. A government that has unlimited power
66. The first roman emperor
67. Taming a animal
70. A system of laws
72. The arts and manifestations of humans
75. The Dynasty of Quin
77. Shaped characters used for writing
79. One of the 4 major ethnic groups of the Greeks
81. Ancient greek mathmatician
83. Rebirth after death
85. Burned and leveled Nineveh
86. The process of becoming similar to others by taking in and using their customs and culture
88. a ruler in ancient egypt
89. Colourful pottery, textiles and geoglyphs
90. People who follow Islam
95. The 4th letter in the greek alphabet
98. Founder of persian empire

Across

4. The process of preserving a dead body into a mummy
6. An ancient city
7. an extensive group of states or countries under one rule
12. The state council of the ancient Roman republic and empire
14. Empire in Southwest Asia
15. A permanet move from a country or region
19. A shrine containing the remains of a holy or sainted person and/or artifacts
20. The Preserver and guardian of men
22. You get what you give good and bad deeds
23. A member of iranian people
25. A decrease in the purchasing power of money
27. Small group having control of a country
28. An indigenous pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica
30. art works made during the classical period
32. The second king of Kings
34. The holy book of Muslims
36. ancient kushite ring
39. Region along the nile river
40. Persian leader that name starts with D
42. writings consisting's of hieroglyphs
44. 2,000 BC, people mainly used ore like bronze
45. A group of Indo Europeans Speakers
48. Hypothetical social system in which the father or a male elder has absolute authority over the family group
50. A citystate in greece
51. A single seller or producer that excludes competition from providing the same product
53. 4000-2000BC
57. A large Roman town in Campania, Italy which was buried in volcanic ash following the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 CE
60. A form of government
63. A long poem
65. A group of rebels that took over in 750 AD
68. An inventer
69. An official in ancient Rome chosen by the plebeians to protect their interests
71. A ruler with total power over a country
73. characters/ in and used in ancient writings
74. Spiritual founder of zorustriunism
76. A land based country in south east europe
78. Provincal govenor
80. Religions city center
82. Humans
84. A soldier of fortune or hired gun
87. The art of beautiful handwriting
91. The bishop of rome
92. An inhabitant of ancient times
93. a line of hereditary rulers of a country
94. 4 collections of prayers
96. Ancient assyrian city of mesopotamia
97. exchange for other goods
98. Exploiters form portiugal
99. A system of government in witch priests rule in the name of god
100. The royal wife Of Thatmose the third
101. upperpart of an ancient Greek city

Down

1. A group of police officers moving in formation
2. Comes from the Spanish maíz, or corn
3. He is a Greek poet
5. A member of hellenic people
6. A social system in which positions of dominance and authority are primarily held by women
8. The process of preserving a dead body into a mummy
9. An abraahomic religion based off the Quaran
10. A primate of a family
11. a city with surrounding territory thats a independent state
12. a person who talks/and acts out gods will
13. Structures used to conduct a water stream across a hollow or valley
16. Muhammads example
17. Process of specializing in one subject
18. A visual example.
21. Earliest highly developed culture in pre-Columbian Peru
24. A cruel ruler
26. Greek philosipher
29. Last achievement king
31. A kingdom located south of kush
33. One of the largest deserts
35. Medierianan part city in egypt
37. African people who lived in Nigeria between 500BC to AD200
38. A large amount of rainfall
41. A member of society having no permanent abode
43. The system of law that Muslims follow
46. Aksums chief support
47. The leader of Islam
49. A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives
52. Ruled Egypt for 200 years
53. A complete sense of peace and no problems
54. Any of the 12 disciples chosen by Jesus Christ
55. The chief pastor and overseer of a diocese
56. Author of the titan
58. A violent conflict between a state and one or more organized nonstate actors in the state's territory
59. The first elaborate pre-Columbian civilization of Mesoamerica
61. A member of a class in Sparta
62. A event causing great suffering
64. A government that has unlimited power
66. The first roman emperor
67. Taming a animal
70. A system of laws
72. The arts and manifestations of humans
75. The Dynasty of Quin
77. Shaped characters used for writing
79. One of the 4 major ethnic groups of the Greeks
81. Ancient greek mathmatician
83. Rebirth after death
85. Burned and leveled Nineveh
86. The process of becoming similar to others by taking in and using their customs and culture
88. a ruler in ancient egypt
89. Colourful pottery, textiles and geoglyphs
90. People who follow Islam
95. The 4th letter in the greek alphabet
98. Founder of persian empire

Across

2. a woodland god depicted with goat's ears, horns, legs / causes terror during battle, hence "panic"
5. goddess of Athens, wisdom, arts and crafts / protectress of civilization and a war deity more popular with the ancient Greeks than Ares / principal attributes are the owl, the helmet, and the spear
7. god of war / an unpleasant and unpopular figure in Greek mythology because the ancient Greeks generally disliked war
8. kills the minotaur in Crete / became King of Athens
10. first generation of gods to rule the world, before the Olympians - the twelve children of the primordial parents Uranus (Sky) and Gaia (Earth) / were overthrown as part of the Greek succession myth, which tells how Cronus seized power from his father Uranus and ruled the cosmos with his fellow Titans before being in turn defeated and replaced as the ruling pantheon of gods by Zeus and the Olympians in a ten-year war
14. goddess of agriculture / her name means "earth mother" / worshipped by a mystery cult in the city of Eleusis / with the kidnapping of her daughter Persephone by Hades, her emotions and actions directly affect the cycle of the seasons
15. Apollo's twin sister and his antithesis / goddess of hunting / major attribute is the bow and arrow
17. messenger of the gods / Zeus' illegitimate son who is sometimes denounced as his father's "lackey" / god of lower-class working people: merchants, athletes, gamblers, and thieves
19. god of fire and the forge / at birth, he was so ugly that his mother flung him off Mount Olympus causing him to become lame / associated with volcanoes and the creator of several (metallic) inventions
22. kills Medusa, a monster with snakes for hair who could turn anyone to stone who looked into her eyes / son of Zeus and Danaë, the daughter of the king of Argos - as an infant, he was cast into the sea in a chest with his mother by his grandfather, who had been told that he would kill him
23. god of wine-making and theatre / youngest of the Olympian gods / in Greek art, he is depicted as an Easterner - his cult was imported from Asia Minor and he brings Eastern things and ideas to Greece (e.g. cymbals, wine and the vine)
24. torch-bearing female earth-demons / depicted with blood dripping from their eyes and snakes instead of hair / their principal function is to avenge murder, especially the murder of a parent by a child / originally part of a cult based on ghost worship
25. fulfilled a prophecy that he would end up killing his father and marrying his mother, thereby bringing disaster to his city - Thebes - and family
26. raised by the centaur Cheiron after his uncle kills his father / leads the Argonauts and recovers the Golden Fleece - a symbol of authority and kingship

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1. depicted as three old women spinning thread - they include Clotho ("I spin"), Lachesis ("allotment"), and Atropos ("inflexible) / a metaphor for birth, destiny, and death
3. god of the dead, the collector and keeper of souls / not a god of death like the Grim Reaper nor a demon like the Devil / his abduction of Persephone explains the seasons / his name means the "Unseen One" / also called Pluto ("Rich")
4. his father is the Titan Cronus - he usurps the throne of heaven from his father / attributes are the lightning bolt, the eagle, and a shield called the aegis ("protection")
6. goddess of beauty / wed to the blacksmith god Hephaestus, but she cheats on him often - Greek authors often treat her with contempt / originally imported into Greece from the Near East / Ishtar, the primary female deity in Mesopotamia, had a major influence on the development this goddess
9. kills many chthonic beasts (e.g. the Hydra, the Nemean Lion) / became identified with the Phoenician God Melqart / associated with Thebes
11. a catch-all category of minor female divinities / usually associated with ecological niches: trees, springs, rivers, seas / often attend a more important deity (e.g. Artemis)
12. became Zeus' wife after a long courtship - finally, Zeus tricked her into marrying him by turning into a pitiful sparrow / a suspicious wife, especially vengeful against Zeus' extramarital consorts and their offspring (e.g. Heracles)
13. goddess of the hearth / was responsible for tending to the fire in every mortal home and the divine hearth of the Olympians / also associated with food preparation and baking
16. returns to Ithaca after twenty years abroad (ten years of war at Troy and ten years of wandering) / known for his cunning, intelligence, and versatility
18. personifications of poetic and scientific inspiration / their name means "the reminders"
20. god of the sea / father of many lesser sea deities (e.g. Oceanids - the sea-nymphs) / carries a trident with which he stirs up tidal waves and causes earthquakes
21. son of Zeus and Leto, who Hera sent the Python - a giant serpent - after / god of many things: the sun, wisdom, prophecy, music, flocks, wolves, mice, plagues, medicine / center of worship for this god is Delphi - the Delphic oracle is famous for misleading oracles

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3. The Phoenicians invented our _____ and spread it around the Mediterranean through trade
4. The ultimate goal of Hinduism
6. The discovery of this allowed for the shift from the Paleolithic Age to the Neolithic Age
7. The first civilization
10. Greek goddess of love and beauty
12. Greek philosopher who wrote "The Republic"
14. This discovery helped Neolithic man make better clothing
18. A person who studies the past through the analysis of artifacts, fossils, and human remains
19. This river, also known as the Yellow River, is where civilization emerged in China
21. Father of the Hebrews and monotheism
23. Law code of the Hebrews
26. Pass in the Hindu Kush that allowed for Aryan migration
31. Picture writing of ancient Egypt
32. Paleolithic man had _____ stone tools
33. One of the first metals used for tools and weapons, it is made by mixing copper and tin
35. Worships many gods
36. Worships one god
38. A Greek city-state
39. Greek goddess of wisdom
40. Someone who wanders from place to place in search of food
41. The culture of Alexander the Great
42. The land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers is known as this
43. Father of Alexander the Great, he conquered much of the Greek world before his assassination
45. The holy texts of Hinduism include the _____ and the Upanishads
46. Chinese philosopher who believed that people were born good and that balance in the universe was achieved by following five key relationships
47. Scientific test used to determine the age of an artifact
48. The Persians built this road system to unite their empire
51. The Greek father of medicine
53. Babylonian king who wrote the first legal code
54. Chinese philosophy that states that one should live in harmony with nature
57. Greek philosopher who said "Know thyself"
58. The rise and fall of Chinese dynasties can be explained by the _______ _______
61. This term means Greek
63. Paleolithic man lived in groups known as these
65. The Greeks won victories against the Persians at the battles of _____ and Salamis
69. Neolithic monument found in England
70. This discovery allowed early man to stay warm and cook his food
73. Greek goddess of the hunt
74. It is thought that man first emerged on this continent
75. The kings of ancient Egypt were known as this
76. Indian civilization emerged in this river valley
78. Paleolithic man made art in these
79. Greek philosopher who was the tutor of Alexander the Great
82. Leader who led the Hebrews out of Egypt
83. This man is responsible for spreading Buddhism outside of India

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1. Government where people vote
2. Because of its many harbors, Greece was a center for _____
3. Neolithic man had ______ stone tools
5. Hinduism and Buddhism both originated here
8. Great trade route that connected China with the west
9. Athenian tyrants Draco and _____ made reforms
11. The Greek father of history
13. Persian religion founded by Zoroaster; its main god was Ahura Mazda
15. This was built by Qin Shi Huangdi in China to keep out northern invaders
16. Rule by a king or queen
17. Rebirth of the soul into another form
20. The Persians developed this type of government to help run their large empire
22. This Greek city-state was the cultural center of Greece
24. Egyptian practice of preserving the body for the afterlife
25. New Stone Age
27. This advancement allowed Neolithic man to store excess food
28. When Greek city-states became too crowded they left and established new _____ around the Aegean and Mediterranean
29. The all-powerful, spiritual force of Hinduism
30. Paleolithic man had an _____, or spoken language
34. Old Stone Age
35. This group, known for their purple dye, established colonies around the Mediterranean
37. The first written language, created by Sumerians
38. Great temple in Athens dedicated to Athena
44. India had its Golden Age under this group
49. Greece was centered on this body of water
50. League founded after the Persian wars to defend against future attack
52. Greek religion helped explain natural _____
55. In Hinduism, this is the belief that your thoughts and actions affect your next life
56. Greek city-state which was focused only on war
59. The Chinese practiced the art of _____ worship so that they could communicate with the spirit world
60. Social system of Hinduism based on occupation
62. Greek sculptor who helped design the Parthenon and the statues inside it
64. Greek poet who wrote the "Iliad" and "Odyssey"
66. Scattering of the Jewish people
67. This man was leader during the Golden Age of Athens
68. The _____ Empire, in modern-day Iran, treated its conquered people fairly
71. Greek father of geometry
72. Egyptian civilization was centered on this river valley
77. The Persian Wars helped to _____ the Greeks against a common enemy
80. The holy book of Judaism
81. Rule by a tyrant who seizes power

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3. Values that describe central trends of a data set. These values include mean, median, and mode.
5. A clear and concise identification and description of the design problem or opportunity.
6. The elements, constituents, or substances of which something is composed or can be made; matter that has qualities which give it individuality and by which it may be categorized.
7. The quantity per unit volume, unit area, or unit length. A material's density determines how much a component of a certain size will weigh.
9. The action of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and vicariously experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another of either the past or present without having the feelings, thoughts, and experience fully communicated in an objectively explicit manner.
10. A working model used to test a design concept by making observations and necessary adjustments.
13. A method of representing three-dimensional objects on a plane having only length and breadth. Also referred to as right angle projection.
16. A systematic problem-solving strategy, with criteria and constraints, used to develop many possible solutions to solve a problem or satisfy human needs.
18. A person, company, organization, or group that requires the talents of an engineer or designer to develop a solution.
20. The acceptable amount of dimensional variation that will still allow an object to function correctly.
21. A line with text that points to and identifies something in a drawing.
23. All the values in a data set that are collected during an observation or experiment.
24. Image or design made by painting on rocks or in caves.
26. A measure of the quantity of heat that flows through a material. Materials with low thermal conductivity may be used as insulators. Those with high thermal conductivity may be a heat sink.
30. Image or design made by scratching or carving in rock.
32. A property of a material that allows it to be distorted and then returned to its original shape.
34. Making the best or most effective use of resources to obtain the best possible solution.
36. A measure of a material's ability to withstand the effect of two materials rubbing against each other. This can take many forms, including: adhesion, abrasion, scratching, gouging, and more.
37. Data dealing with numbers, such as height, volume, length, time, temperature, etc.
38. A list of specific, concise, and measurable design requirements that describe what the design solution must do to meet the needs of stakeholders and be successful.
40. The increase in energy associated with deformation per unit volume
42. A tool used to compare potential design solutions against one another and provide evidence to help make a design decision.
43. Extends outward from a point on a drawing, referring to a dimension.
44. A probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean.

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1. A variable that represents a quantity whose value depends on how the independent variable is manipulated. The letter y is often the variable used to represent the dependent variable in an equation.
2. A material's ability to withstand sudden or intense force or shock.
4. The intended consumer of a good or service.
8. Indicates measurements in a drawing such as distance and angle measurement.
11. The quantity of CO2 emissions with the same global warming potential as the same quantity of another greenhouse gas
12. Intersecting or lying at right angles; perpendicular.
14. A variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment. The letter x is often the variable used to represent the independent variable in an equation.
15. The limits on the design and production of a product, expressed with specific, measurable values. These might include time constraints, budget, codes, safety, or physical attributes (size, weight, color).
17. Making the best or most effective use of resources to obtain the best possible solution.
19. The ratio of the increment of some specified form of stress to the increment of some specified form of strain. Also known as coefficient of elasticity, elasticity modulus, elastic modulus, and modulus of elasticity.
22. A subset of a population.
25. Egyptian writing consisting of stylized pictures of objects that represent words, syllables, or sounds.
27. A drawing which contains views of an object projected onto two or more orthographic planes.
28. the action of two or more people working together through idea sharing to accomplish a common goal.
29. A measure of the amount of friction existing between two surfaces.
31. Statement that describes the anticipated design effort to address the needs of stakeholders and problem statement.
33. Establishes a connection between a graphical representation of an item and some text or label.
35. The processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.
39. Wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia.
41. The change in size or shape of an object.

Across

2. supplanted toyotmi hideyori and founded a new government which lasted until the Meiji rebellion one of three men credited with uniting 16th century japan
5. he isn't the first to discover Greenland but the first to settle it often being confused for the first to discover it he is also credited with giving it the name greenland
6. the front where Germany and Russia fought during WWII was known as the ____ front
9. another bonus if you get both right I will be super impressed he is a hydraulic engineer and administrator known for his work on the dujiangyang river control system
11. rival Greek city state to athens
13. the army that accompanies the first emperor of china qin shi Huang in his tomb
14. as many as how many died during the black death
15. sumerian writing and the earliest known writing
16. the first person to fly solo and non stop across the Atlantic ocean
18. the building complex Hitler used during WWII to brain wash germans
22. after his victory in 1014 in the war with Bulgaria which byzantine emperor blinded the defeated bulgarian army
25. the only man to inspire fear into Romans, the leader of Carthage and rode elephants through the Alps to reach Rome with them
26. the famous pirate blackbeard's real name
31. one of the seven wonders of the ancient world and it starts with C
35. a just king of BYZANTIUM best known for his work as a legislator
37. king laid to rest in the great pyramids of giza
39. a great cathedral in the byzantine empire
40. one of the seven wonders of the ancient world and it starts with L
41. known as the scourge of God and is known for is incredible military conquests and expanding the hun empire
43. king of Babylon responsible for the ____ code
44. the transatlantic telegraph cable line was a cable line that ran under the Atlantic from newfoundand Canada to where
45. a samurai who launched a blood soaked campaign to unite Japan and is one of three men credited with uniting 16th century japan
47. this famous aviators child was abducted during the great depression
48. final bonus name the ship on shipwreck beach on the island of zakynthos Greece that was smuggling contraband cigarettes and was abandoned due to poor weather and trouble with local naval authorities
49. oda nabunaga's successor and one of three men credited with uniting 16th century japan
50. the only one of the seven wonders of the ancient world that is still standing

Down

1. the last king of heraclian dynasty in BYZANTIUM also known as slit nosed
3. when this Greek runner ran from the battle field to deliver a message to Sparta after he delivered the message he dropped dead the distance he ran became known as a marathon
4. the sultan of the ottoman empire that took constantinople
5. who France fought in the 100 years war
7. the third pharoh of the 19th dynasty and ruled during egypt's golden age he claimed a decisive victory over the hittites at the battle of kadesh which was more of a draw but this lead to the worlds first peace treaty
8. king of Macedonia took the throne after his father philipII was murdered and he is best known for his conquests and military success including against Darius of Persia and conquering Egypt and building alexandria
10. the thirteen day emperor and one responsible for forcing nabunaga to commit seppuku
12. the 1920's are known as the ____ twenties
17. one of the seven wonders of the ancient world starts with H
19. one of the seven wonders of the ancient world starts with M
20. one of the greatest crusaders and kings of England known as the lionheart
21. what year was the first peace treaty
23. hannibal barca threw jars on ships during war so they would break and what was inside came out what was inside these jars
24. where pharohs were often laid to rest and where king tut's tomb was discovered
27. last pharohs of egypt
28. one of the seven wonders of the ancient world and it is a statue of a Greek god
29. kingdom known for their brutality in warfare in ancient mesopotamia
30. a temple to this Greek god is one of the seven wonders of the ancient world located in ephesus
32. Roman general that defeated hannibal at zama
33. Chinese military general and philosopher that fought five times won all five and wrote the Art of War
34. this is bonus if you get this I will be impressed who did the sumerians fight in the first known war in 2700ce
36. earliest known civilization
38. teenage girl who led the French armies to several momentous victories during the 100 years war
42. the eastern Roman empire
46. the king who inspired one of the most inspiring tales of Greek heroism by leading 300 men to stand against the invading Persians at the pass of thermopylae

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2. an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the right bank of the river Yamuna in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was commissioned in 1631 by the fifth Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan to house the tomb of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal; it also houses the tomb of Shah Jahan himself
3. an Incan citadel set high in the Andes Mountains in Peru, above the Urubamba River valley. Built in the 15th century and later abandoned, it’s renowned for its sophisticated dry-stone walls that fuse huge blocks without the use of mortar, intriguing buildings that play on astronomical alignments and panoramic views
6. a vast archaeological site in southern Italy’s Campania region, near the coast of the Bay of Naples. Once a thriving and sophisticated Roman city, Pompeii was buried under meters of ash and pumice after the catastrophic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 A.D.
7. an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, just east of the Roman Forum. It is the largest ancient amphitheatre ever built, and is still the largest standing amphitheatre in the world, despite its age
9. a former royal residence commissioned by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, about 18 kilometres west of Paris, in the Yvelines Department of Île-de-France region in France
12. one of the greatest Buddhist monuments in the world, and was built in the 8th and 9th centuries AD during the reign of the Syailendra Dynasty. The monument is located in the Kedu Valley, in the southern part of Central Java, at the centre of the island of Java, Indonesia
13. a famous archaeological site in Jordan's southwestern desert. Dating to around 300 B.C., it was the capital of the Nabatean Kingdom
14. a major ancient Maya city in northern Guatemala, flourished between 300 and 850 CE, reaching its peak between 600 and 800 CE, according to World History Encyclopedia. It was a significant political, economic, and military center, known for its grand plazas, pyramids, and palaces, says UNESCO.
15. colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor, within New York City. The copper-clad statue, a gift to the United States from the people of France, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and its metal framework was built by Gustave Eiffel. The statue was dedicated on October 28, 1886.
16. a Chilean territory, is a remote volcanic island in Polynesia. Its native name is Rapa Nui. It’s famed for archaeological sites, including nearly 900 monumental statues called moai, created by inhabitants during the 13th–16th centuries. The moai are carved human figures with oversize heads, often resting on massive stone pedestals called ahus. Ahu Tongariki has the largest group of upright moai
17. a Neolithic archaeological site in Upper Mesopotamia in modern-day Turkey. The settlement was inhabited from around 9500 BCE to at least 8000 BCE, during the Pre-Pottery Neolithic
18. a Hindu-Buddhist temple complex in Cambodia. Located on a site measuring 162.6 hectares within the ancient Khmer capital city of Angkor, it was originally constructed in 1150 CE as a Hindu temple dedicated to the deity Vishnu
19. a complex of Mayan ruins on Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula. A massive step pyramid, known as El Castillo or Temple of Kukulcan, dominates the ancient city, which thrived from around 600 A.D. to the 1200s. Graphic stone carvings survive at structures like the ball court, Temple of the Warriors and the Wall of the Skulls. Nightly sound-and-light shows illuminate the buildings' sophisticated geometry
20. a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower from 1887 to 1889

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1. an obelisk on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., built to commemorate George Washington, a Founding Father of the United States, victorious commander-in-chief of the Continental Army from 1775 to 1783 in the American Revolutionary War, and the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797.
4. the only remaining structures from the seven wonders of the ancient world
5. an ancient citadel located on a rocky outcrop above the city of Athens, Greece, and contains the remains of several ancient buildings of great architectural and historical significance, the most famous being the Parthenon
8. an island in New York Harbor, within the U.S. states of New Jersey and New York. Owned by the U.S. government, Ellis Island was once the busiest immigrant inspection and processing station in the United States
10. a prehistoric megalithic structure on Salisbury Plain in Wiltshire, England, two miles west of Amesbury
11. a series of fortifications in China. They were built across the historical northern borders of ancient Chinese states and Imperial China as protection against various nomadic groups from the Eurasian Steppe

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3. The movement or conveying of persons and goods from one location to another.
6. a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
7. The scattered broken parts of vehicles, rubbish, dust and other materials left at scene of the accident caused by a collision.
10. he built the first high speed internal combustion engine.
13. Known as road propaganda which may be intended simply to inform.
16. It is an enforcement action which consists of taking a person into custody for the purpose of holding or detaining him to answer a charge of law violation before a court.
17. This is means of having violators appear in court without physical arrest.
19. Early man, who had no domesticated animals, carried his own burdens.
20. he built an oil-fired steam car
23. Pack animals were introduced as conveyances mainly to save labor.
26. One of the GREATEST INVENTION of man
29. The first animal domesticated, is to slight to carry heavy loads.
34. events or incidents which may cause unintentional damage to property, loss of limbs and/or death.
35. Any inherent characteristics of a road, a vehicle, or a person that affects the probability of a traffic accident.
38. It is the process of giving training and practice in the actual application of traffic safety knowledge.
39. which were first domesticated in Mesopotamia, they are used as pack animals and for riding.
41. It is also a whole police function which involves the actual taking of enforcement actions.
42. it refers to the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles, either powered by combustion system or animal drawn, from one place to another for purpose of travel.
43. introduced the first fast mail coach
46. In pre-Columbian America, it was the only new world animal other than the dog capable of domestication for use in transport.
47. he invented the first successful automobile tire with an air-filled inner tube (interior)
48. many traffic congestions are caused by slow drivers or poor driving habits, pedestrian mistakes, officer’s error, poor planning, poor legislation, and traffic accidents which are mostly attributed to human errors.
49. are installed to permit safe movement of vehicles and pedestrians at busy intersections.

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1. It is the theory which asserts that man exhibits a constant variation of life energy and mood states
2. It refers to reduced risk of accident or injury on the roads, achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design.
4. these are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
5. it means an entire width between the boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of the public for purpose of vehicular traffic
8. A circumstance that alters an attribute permanently or temporarily.
9. one of the modern ancestors of the modern bicycle
11. This field deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of traffic laws and rules and regulations.
12. introduced the MODEL T and had adopted mass production methods to meet the demand.
14. It had four wheels, a cover and was generally drawn by two or more horses
15. It is the science of measuring traffic and travel the study of the basic laws relative to the traffic law and generation
18. serve as the nursery of automobile builders
21. The MAJOR road builders and they built 50, 000 miles or 80,000 kms.
22. the proponent of theory of feeder road building.
24. This step determines the guilt or innocence of a person.
25. it refers to the side of the roadway, especially along highways.
27. may be walking, running or standing on a roadway.
28. A covered carriage with two wheels, had seats for two or three and was usually drawn by two mules, horses or even oxen.
30. these are narrow points or areas in highways where traffic congestions or traffic jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
31. an area of a roadway created when two or more roadways join together at any angle
32. these are road /streets interconnecting provinces and/or cities
33. the application of the process and skills in planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and budgeting to traffic affairs.
36. The striking of one body against another or a collision of a motor vehicle with another motor vehicle.
37. are responsible for the adjudication of traffic-related cases filed before them.
40. He developed a diesel engine also known as compression-ignition engine- an internal combustion engine that uses the heat compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel.
42. was a sacred vehicle elaborately ornamented with ivory and silver. This had either two or four wheels and was drawn by four horses or as in this illustration by elephants.
44. it refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
45. used chiefly by women of the upper classes. It was furnished with cushions, had a covered top, but open sides

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4. The process of preserving a dead body into a mummy
6. An ancient city
7. an extensive group of states or countries under one rule
12. The state council of the ancient Roman republic and empire
14. Empire in Southwest Asia
15. A permanet move from a country or region
19. A shrine containing the remains of a holy or sainted person and/or artifacts
20. The Preserver and guardian of men
22. You get what you give good and bad deeds
23. A member of iranian people
25. A decrease in the purchasing power of money
27. Small group having control of a country
28. An indigenous pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica
30. art works made during the classical period
32. The second king of Kings
34. The holy book of Muslims
36. ancient kushite ring
39. Region along the nile river
40. Persian leader that name starts with D
42. writings consisting's of hieroglyphs
44. 2,000 BC, people mainly used ore like bronze
45. A group of Indo Europeans Speakers
48. Hypothetical social system in which the father or a male elder has absolute authority over the family group
50. A citystate in greece
51. A single seller or producer that excludes competition from providing the same product
53. 4000-2000BC
57. A large Roman town in Campania, Italy which was buried in volcanic ash following the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 CE
60. A form of government
63. A long poem
65. A group of rebels that took over in 750 AD
68. An inventer
69. An official in ancient Rome chosen by the plebeians to protect their interests
71. A ruler with total power over a country
73. characters/ in and used in ancient writings
74. Spiritual founder of zorustriunism
76. A land based country in south east europe
78. Provincal govenor
80. Religions city center
82. Humans
84. A soldier of fortune or hired gun
87. The art of beautiful handwriting
91. The bishop of rome
92. An inhabitant of ancient times
93. a line of hereditary rulers of a country
94. 4 collections of prayers
96. Ancient assyrian city of mesopotamia
97. exchange for other goods
98. Exploiters form portiugal
99. A system of government in witch priests rule in the name of god
100. The royal wife Of Thatmose the third
101. upperpart of an ancient Greek city

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1. A group of police officers moving in formation
2. Comes from the Spanish maíz, or corn
3. He is a Greek poet
5. A member of hellenic people
6. A social system in which positions of dominance and authority are primarily held by women
8. The process of preserving a dead body into a mummy
9. An abraahomic religion based off the Quaran
10. A primate of a family
11. a city with surrounding territory thats a independent state
12. a person who talks/and acts out gods will
13. Structures used to conduct a water stream across a hollow or valley
16. Muhammads example
17. Process of specializing in one subject
18. A visual example.
21. Earliest highly developed culture in pre-Columbian Peru
24. A cruel ruler
26. Greek philosipher
29. Last achievement king
31. A kingdom located south of kush
33. One of the largest deserts
35. Medierianan part city in egypt
37. African people who lived in Nigeria between 500BC to AD200
38. A large amount of rainfall
41. A member of society having no permanent abode
43. The system of law that Muslims follow
46. Aksums chief support
47. The leader of Islam
49. A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives
52. Ruled Egypt for 200 years
53. A complete sense of peace and no problems
54. Any of the 12 disciples chosen by Jesus Christ
55. The chief pastor and overseer of a diocese
56. Author of the titan
58. A violent conflict between a state and one or more organized nonstate actors in the state's territory
59. The first elaborate pre-Columbian civilization of Mesoamerica
61. A member of a class in Sparta
62. A event causing great suffering
64. A government that has unlimited power
66. The first roman emperor
67. Taming a animal
70. A system of laws
72. The arts and manifestations of humans
75. The Dynasty of Quin
77. Shaped characters used for writing
79. One of the 4 major ethnic groups of the Greeks
81. Ancient greek mathmatician
83. Rebirth after death
85. Burned and leveled Nineveh
86. The process of becoming similar to others by taking in and using their customs and culture
88. a ruler in ancient egypt
89. Colourful pottery, textiles and geoglyphs
90. People who follow Islam
95. The 4th letter in the greek alphabet
98. Founder of persian empire

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2. The measured weight of motor vehicle plus the maximum allowable carrying capacity in merchandise, freight and or passengers, as determined by the Commissioner of the LTO.
4. These are signs are also known as “caution signs”.
5. He built a working model of steam carriage in Redruth.
6. Every motor vehicle propelled by an internal combustion engine shall be equipped with this.
7. It refers to the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles, either powered by combustion system or animal drawn, from one place to another for purpose of travel.
9. Greatest invention of man that carry burdens and loads beyond the capacity of man and animals
13. He invented the lead-acid battery.
14. MARSHES WOODEN WHEEL It is the oldest wheel ever found in Europe and discovered by the two Slovene archeologists in April 2002 in Ljubljana Marshes in Slovenia.
16. It is the theory which asserts that man exhibits a constant variation of life energy and mood states.
18. These are condition on road networks that occurs as use increases, and characterized by lower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queuing.
23. Government and privately-owned publications and radio and television broadcasting companies provide necessary and updated traffic-related information to the public through their respective programs.
24. First domesticated in Mesopotamia, were used as draft animals to draw war chariots.
25. A foreigner who travels from place to place for pleasure or culture.
27. It is the process of giving training and practice in the actual application of traffic safety knowledge.
29. Installed to permit safe movement of vehicles and pedestrians at busy intersections.
31. This principle refers to the legal or customary precedence (priority in place or time) which allows one vehicle to cross or pass in front of another.
33. A four wheeled conveyance that is made of wicker work and was of Gallic origin and can accommodate several persons when travelling.
34. It is pertaining to events or incidents which may cause unintentional damage to property, loss of limbs and/or death.
36. An agent for the sale of one or more makes, styles or kinds of motor vehicle, dealing in motor vehicles, keeping the same stock, or selling the same or handling with the view to trading same.
38. Shall mean every and any licensed operator of a motor vehicle.
42. These are road /streets interconnecting barangays within a municipality.
43. Every motor vehicles shall be provided with a horn or signaling device in good order.
46. This vehicle had four wheels, with the front ones smaller than the two behind. This had a cover and was drawn by two to four horses or mules.
47. He invented the electric motor.
48. It is the application of the process and skills in planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and budgeting to traffic affairs.
49. ROADS It is pertaining to road/streets that interconnect barangays with a municipality.

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1. These special plate numbers are issued for specific purposes such as fund-raising for government projects and programs.
3. Refers to any power operated traffic control device by which traffic is warned or directed to take some specific at junctions and also to stop traffic to provide safe crossing points for pedestrians and cyclist.
4. the first animal domesticated, is to slight to carry heavy loads and used to draw small carts.
8. It serves as the nursery of automobile builders.
10. The required signal shall be given by means of extending the hand or arm beyond the left side of the vehicle or by an approved mechanical or electrical signal device.
11. It is a traveling wagon in which the passengers were protected by a covering of leather or a cloth fixed over a wooden framework.
12. He built the first high speed internal combustion engine.
15. This is a mass publicity aimed to make road users behave more safely.
17. He introduced the first fast mail coach in March 1785.
19. the MAJOR road builders
20. These are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
21. These are painted across pavement lanes at traffic signs or signals. Where these lines are present, you should stop behind the stop line.
22. It refers to reduced risk of accident or injury on the roads, achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design.
26. The Revised Motor Vehicle Law.
28. The actual legal owner of a motor vehicle, in whose name such vehicle is duly registered with the LTO.
30. It is a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
32. This field deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of traffic laws and rules and regulations.
35. Also called as a pole arrangement and it serves as a platform on which burdens are placed.
37. These are signs which impose legal restrictions applicable at particular location usually enforceable in the absence of such signs.
39. It was formerly used in war and still employed to some extent for ceremonial processions and big game hunting.
40. It refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
41. These are motor vehicles used for personal use of their owners.
44. This kind of license is issued to owners privately-owned motor vehicles or those not for hire or paid for driving.
45. This agency is responsible for the adjudication of traffic-related cases filed before them.

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2. These are road /streets interconnecting barangays within a municipality.
5. These are signs are also known as “caution signs”.
7. It refers to the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles, either powered by combustion system or animal drawn, from one place to another for purpose of travel.
10. This vehicle had four wheels, with the front ones smaller than the two behind.
13. These are motor vehicles used for personal use of their owners.
15. It is a traveling wagon in which the passengers were protected by a covering of leather or a cloth fixed over a wooden framework.
20. Installed to permit safe movement of vehicles and pedestrians at busy intersections.
21. It serves as the nursery of automobile builders.
23. Every motor vehicles shall be provided with a horn or signaling device in good order.
24. Also called as a pole arrangement and it serves as a platform on which burdens are placed.
27. The required signal shall be given by means of extending the hand or arm beyond the left side of the vehicle or by an approved mechanical or electrical signal device.
29. First domesticated in Mesopotamia, were used as draft animals to draw war chariots.
30. the MAJOR road builders.
32. the first animal domesticated, is to slight to carry heavy loads and used to draw small carts.
35. Every motor vehicle propelled by an internal combustion engine shall be equipped with this.
36. Government and privately-owned publications and radio and television broadcasting companies provide necessary and updated traffic-related information to the public through their respective programs.
37. It refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
38. The Revised Motor Vehicle Law.
39. These are painted across pavement lanes at traffic signs or signals. Where these lines are present, you should stop behind the stop line.
41. These are signs which impose legal restrictions applicable at particular location usually enforceable in the absence of such signs.
45. The actual legal owner of a motor vehicle, in whose name such vehicle is duly registered with the LTO.
46. It is the oldest wheel ever found in Europe and discovered by the two Slovene archeologists in April 2002 in Ljubljana Marshes in Slovenia.
47. This kind of license is issued to owners privately-owned motor vehicles or those not for hire or paid for driving.
48. He invented the electric motor.

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1. This is a mass publicity aimed to make road users behave more safely.
3. It refers to reduced risk of accident or injury on the roads, achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design.
4. It is the application of the process and skills in planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and budgeting to traffic affairs.
6. He built the first high speed internal combustion engine.
7. Refers to any power operated traffic control device by which traffic is warned or directed to take some specific at junctions and also to stop traffic to provide safe crossing points for pedestrians and cyclist.
8. These are condition on road networks that occurs as use increases, and characterized by lower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queuing.
9. It was formerly used in war and still employed to some extent for ceremonial processions and big game hunting.
11. He built a working model of steam carriage in Redruth.
12. This field deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of traffic laws and rules and regulations.
14. Greatest invention of man that carry burdens and loads beyond the capacity of man and animals
16. It is the theory which asserts that man exhibits a constant variation of life energy and mood states.
17. A four wheeled conveyance that is made of wicker work and was of Gallic origin and can accommodate several persons when travelling.
18. This principle refers to the legal or customary precedence (priority in place or time) which allows one vehicle to cross or pass in front of another.
19. It is pertaining to events or incidents which may cause unintentional damage to property, loss of limbs and/or death.
22. The measured weight of motor vehicle plus the maximum allowable carrying capacity in merchandise, freight and or passengers, as determined by the Commissioner of the LTO.
25. It is a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
26. A foreigner who travels from place to place for pleasure or culture.
28. Every person, association, partnership, or corporation making, manufacturing, constructing assembling, remodeling, or setting up motor vehicles; and every such entity acting as agent for the sale of one or more makes, styles or kinds of motor vehicle, dealing in motor vehicles, keeping the same stock, or selling the same or handling with the view to trading same.
31. He introduced the first fast mail coach in March 1785.
33. These are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
34. He invented the lead-acid battery.
36. It is the process of giving training and practice in the actual application of traffic safety knowledge.
40. These special plate numbers are issued for specific purposes such as fund-raising for government projects and programs.
42. This agency is responsible for the adjudication of traffic-related cases filed before them.
43. It is pertaining to road/streets that interconnect barangays with a municipality.
44. Shall mean every and any licensed operator of a motor vehicle.

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1. = The owner’s equity section of a corporation’s balance sheet is known as shareholders equity or _____equity.
5. = Other non-regular expenses like gasoline, toll fee and parking fee
7. = Father of accounting
10. = Accounting is the ____ of the business
12. = Revenue or expense generate from the business activities
14. = Business tax expense
17. = Credited with typing the list names know
18. = A record of a single transaction
21. = Bill prepared by a seller and submitted to the buyer
23. = Assumed selling ____ of goods or service Plant = One or more buildings used as a place to product/manufacture
24. = Something that is in its ___ or “natural” state to be used in production process
26. = Electricity and water expense
28. = Infrastructure owned by the firm that is used for the business
30. = Bank Loan
32. = These first examples of accounting from ____ and Egypt.
34. =The title of the liability account that reports amounts that were received by the company before they were earned is _______ Revenues.
36. = Expenditures to keep assets in good condition
37. = Amount _____ by the owner form earnings of the business.
38. on this form _____.
40. = Money that is in safekeeping in bank of choice can be withdrawn anytime
41. = Keep ___ of cash flow
42. = Entry on the left side of an account
44. = Most liability accounts have this word as part of their title.
45. = A written cash flow plan
46. = Cash _____ awarded to customer of choice
47. = Process of recording, classifying, summarizing, and ___ all financial transaction of entity
48. = When expense is greater than revenue you have a ______.
54. = Own the business, and they are called stockholders and stakeholders.
56. = Merchandise purchases intended for sale
61. =Revenues for selling merchandise
62. = Exchange of goods and services for money
63. = Gain ___ among creditors
64. = Asset, Liabilities and Owners Equity
67. A person who starts a new business and takes on its rick
71. = Land owned by the firm that is used from the business
72. = They buy and sell goods to client
73. = Available cash and near-cash on hand to pay for current liabilities
74. = Accounts listed last on the balance sheet.
79. = labor payments to employees of the business
80. = Expenses incurred to advertise and promote the business
84. = Honda, BMW, Ford, Isuzu etc
85. =Payment for the use of borrowed money
86. = Sold to customers at retail without special restrictions
88. = Money of resource owed by the business
90. = This is the profit left after all over have been taken off
91. = Every____recorded in a business will have a debit value that equals a credit value.
92. = Small amount of cash kept in the business to pay for minor expenses
93. = This is represent the unsold good at the end of the accounting period?
94. =_____ investments of the owner.
95. = The title of the asset account that reports the unexpired cost of insurance premiums that have already been paid is _____ Insurance.

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2. =Amounts that require payment in the future
3. = A visual aid used by accountants to illustrate Dr and Cr
4. = Developed a punch card machine to speed up data handling in U.S.
6. = Expenses for research and development undertakings
8. = Payments either in cash or credit
9. = The difference between a sole proprietorship’s total asset and it’s total liabilities is _____’s equity.
11. = Entity that owes money or assets to a creditor
13. = Purchase materials and supplies on account
15. = Cash
16. = Compensation earned by hourly-paid workers
19. = A written promise to repay money.
20. = Rental expense
22. = Computer, Calculator and Typewriter
25. = Unpaid obligation evidenced by promissory note
27. = They first invented the practice of writing in order to keep receipts.
29. = invented the adding machine
31. = Products that are ready for sale
33. = Generally accepted accounting guidelines are referred to as ______.
35. =Physical or mental work rendered for the business
39. = Advance payment made by the company
43. = Written authorization to vendor to deliver goods in specific quantities at a prior-agreed price
45. = Helps in creating budgets and future _____ prospect
49. = This is the profit left after all over have been taken off
50. = ____ is the language of business
51. = Delivery trucks, delivery vans
52. = Considered the first cost accountant
53. = Office Supplies
55. = Debts that are payable in one year
57. = Entry on the right side of an account
58. = Because the accounting system used in the U.S. requires at least one debit and one credit, we refer to the accounting system as ______-entry.
59. Income =Interest earned from investments
60. = Management of money and other financial assets
65. = petty cash fund
66. = Invented the double entry accounting system
68. = The income statement and the statement of cash flows report amounts covering a _____ of time.
69. = One part of stockholders’ equity is ______ earnings.
70. = short-term investments
75. = Asset = liability+__
76. = Contains all account needed to prepare financial statement
77. = In 1998 ___ was launched
78. = Money collected, paid the company that is for deposit
79. = Provide service and earn income from it
81. = _____ is concerned with correct payment of taxes
82. = Two or more persons own the business.
83. = anything that involves ____ (purchase, borrow, receive) in the present or in the future
87. = At least ___ entries made for each transaction
89. =Set of standards for the accounting history

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2. A board game invented in India that involves 32 pieces that move around to capture the king.
4. A crier who chants people when it is time to prayer.
6. Moses, Jesus and Muhammad were who God revealed themselves to.
7. The angel Gabriel visited _______ and revealed God’s teaching.
11. The third pillar is about charity and give 2.5% of wealth to the less fortunate.
14. Muslim scholar of law and gets consult by a qadi.
15. The fourth caliph and he was Muhammad’s cousin and his daughter Fatima’s husband.
16. Human struggle to overcome challenges with external and internal struggles.
17. The fifth pillar conducts that once in your life if “able” to make a pilgrimage to Makkah during 12th month of Islamic calendar.
20. A body or collection of law that covers Muslim duties towards God, Qur’an and to respect others.
21. Five basic duties that all Muslim must conduct by the Qur’an and the Sunnah explain how to do them.
23. A majority group of Muslims who accept Mu’awiyah as caliph.
25. Found the Umayyad dynasty and became a caliph.
29. The fourth pillar is fasting throughout Ramadan to know what it feels like to be poor and hungry.
30. A rich city and major trade center and was the birthplace of Muhammad.
31. A house in Baghdad which was founded by Caliph al-Ma’mun in 830.
33. A cuded building built by Abraham to honor God in Makkan.
34. A religious war fought over the holy land by Christians and Muslims.
36. When a winged horse took Muhammad to Jerusalem and then to 7 levels of heaven.
37. Muhammad’s set example for muslim to follow.
38. Arabian peninsula was not united politically but united by .
42. A war in which the Christians want to take back the Iberian peninsula from Muslims during 718 to 1492.
44. A way of writing used in the Qur’an and it is very prestigious to be a this type of writer.
45. This city was created by Abbasid dynasty and became one of the largest cities.
46. A compass which locates what direction is Makkah.
48. Christianity, Judaism and Islam all trace back to this one man.

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1. During _______ reign he conquered Mesopotamia and Syria and moved forward into Iran and Egypt.
3. The minority of Muslims who believed that caliph that only direct descendant of Muhammad should be caliph.
4. A tower from a muezzin call people to prayer.
5. A singer and musician from Baghdad and he started the first music school in Corda, Spain.
6. The belief in many gods.
7. The belief in one God.
8. Second pillar which is about daily ritual prayer like praying 5 times a day and washing before prayer.
9. This book contains God’s final revelation to the world and describes God’s law and moral teaching.
10. A persian mathematician and astronomer introduced Hindu-Arabic numerals and the concepts of algebra can be inferred as the “father of algebra”.
12. A diffusion of elements from one society to another
13. Muhammad’s wife known as the “Mother of the Believers”.
15. A scholar who present the idea of evolution of animals and often wrote about government policies to show support and thoughts.
18. Muhammad’s only child to continue the bloodline and was born in year of Ka’bah rebuilt and 5 years before Muhammad was sent as a prophet.
19. A branch of biology that studies structure and development of animal and deals with the animal kingdom.
22. The second largest religion in the world.
24. He was the third caliph who oversaw the official version of the Qur’an. He died June 17, 656 in Medina, Saudi Arabia.
26. ______ was the first caliph, He was also known as al-Siddiq, in Arabic it means “the Upright”.
27. In 622, Muhammad and his followers left Makkah because they were getting boycotted and went on a journey to Madinah and his journey marks the first year of Islamic calendar.
28. A sport on horseback using a mallet to hit a ball in a goal and was very popular in the Muslim world.
30. House of worship for Muslim.
32. A ritual where Muslims wash their feet, hands and face to have a sense of purification.
35. A type of design using patterns and shapes from nature.
39. A device to tell time by the location of the stars or sun and is often used by sailors.
40. This philosopher was born in August 980 AD in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Two hundred forty of his creations survived including 150 on philosophy and 40 on medicine.
41. An Empire founded by Genghis Khan in 1206 and lasted until 1368 and conquered southeast Asia to east Europe.
42. The ninth month of the Islamic calendar where God first revealed himself to Muhammad.
43. The first pillar that Muslims declare there is only god but God and Muhammad is God’s messenger.
46. A judge in Muslim court who hears cases with evidence and witnesses.
47. The leader of prayer and is synonymous with caliph and in the Qur’an is often a prayer to Abraham.

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3. a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
6. He developed a diesel engine also known as compression-ignition engine- an internal combustion engine that uses the heat compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel.
8. Known as road propaganda which may be intended simply to inform.
9. damage Damage to a vehicle resulting from direct pressure of some foreign object in a collision or roll over.
13. This field deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of traffic laws and rules and regulations.
15. which were first domesticated in Mesopotamia, they are used as pack animals and for riding.
16. This step determines the guilt or innocence of a person.
19. many traffic congestions are caused by slow drivers or poor driving habits, pedestrian mistakes, officer’s error, poor planning, poor legislation, and traffic accidents which are mostly attributed to human errors.
22. events or incidents which may cause unintentional damage to property, loss of limbs and/or death.
23. A covered carriage with two wheels, had seats for two or three and was usually drawn by two mules, horses or even oxen.
24. these are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
25. it refers to the side of the roadway, especially along highways.
26. In pre-Columbian America, it was the only new world animal other than the dog capable of domestication for use in transport.
27. Pack animals were introduced as conveyances mainly to save labor.
31. The MAJOR road builders and they built 50, 000 miles or 80,000 kms.
32. was a sacred vehicle elaborately ornamented with ivory and silver. This had either two or four wheels and was drawn by four horses or as in this illustration by elephants.
33. it means an entire width between the boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of the public for purpose of vehicular traffic
35. an area of a roadway created when two or more roadways join together at any angle
36. The striking of one body against another or a collision of a motor vehicle with another motor vehicle.
38. it refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
39. This is means of having violators appear in court without physical arrest.
40. serve as the nursery of automobile builders
42. he built the first high speed internal combustion engine.
43. It is the theory which asserts that man exhibits a constant variation of life energy and mood states
45. the proponent of theory of feeder road building.
46. Early man, who had no domesticated animals, carried his own burdens.
47. he invented the first successful automobile tire with an air-filled inner tube (interior)
49. One of the GREATEST INVENTION of man
50. It is the process of giving training and practice in the actual application of traffic safety knowledge.

Down

1. may be walking, running or standing on a roadway.
2. he built an oil-fired steam car
4. are installed to permit safe movement of vehicles and pedestrians at busy intersections.
5. It had four wheels, a cover and was generally drawn by two or more horses
7. The scattered broken parts of vehicles, rubbish, dust and other materials left at scene of the accident caused by a collision.
10. It is the science of measuring traffic and travel the study of the basic laws relative to the traffic law and generation
11. these are road /streets interconnecting provinces and/or cities
12. one of the modern ancestors of the modern bicycle
14. The movement or conveying of persons and goods from one location to another.
17. The first animal domesticated, is to slight to carry heavy loads.
18. are responsible for the adjudication of traffic-related cases filed before them.
20. these are narrow points or areas in highways where traffic congestions or traffic jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
21. used chiefly by women of the upper classes. It was furnished with cushions, had a covered top, but open sides
22. It is also a whole police function which involves the actual taking of enforcement actions.
28. introduced the first fast mail coach
29. A circumstance that alters an attribute permanently or temporarily.
30. It is an enforcement action which consists of taking a person into custody for the purpose of holding or detaining him to answer a charge of law violation before a court.
34. the application of the process and skills in planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and budgeting to traffic affairs.
37. it refers to the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles, either powered by combustion system or animal drawn, from one place to another for purpose of travel.
41. It refers to reduced risk of accident or injury on the roads, achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design.
44. introduced the MODEL T and had adopted mass production methods to meet the demand.
48. Any inherent characteristics of a road, a vehicle, or a person that affects the probability of a traffic accident.

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2. A three-dimensional solid figure which is round in shape, example: ball and globe are in this shape.
3. A level area of land which is higher than the surrounding area, also called a plateau.
7. A path or opening through hills or mountains suitable for travel.
13. A very large mass of land surrounded by oceans.
14. When the sun is closest to one of the poles.
16. Tropic of ________- The imaginary line that marks the northern edge of the tropics.
17. The study of the world, how it works, and how people use and change the world as they live in it.
18. A point of land that extends into a sea or an ocean.
20. A narrow piece of land that extends out from the mainland and is surrounded by water on three sides.
23. A narrow strip connecting two larger land areas.
25. A Dry region, with fewer than 10 inches of rain annually.
27. A flat-topped mountain or hill; smaller than a plateau, but larger than a butte.
28. A political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and where everyone shares equally in work and in wealth, aiming for a classless society with equal distribution of resources.
29. A name for various air movements involving spiral motion, including typhoons, hurricanes, and tornados. Also, the common name for a hurricane-type storm on the Indian Ocean.
31. _________Rate- The number of babies born alive as a proportion of the population in a specific place in a specific amount of time.
32. Continental _________- The level edge of a continent which is submerged in the shallow water of the bordering sea.
34. A river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake.
35. Imaginary horizontal lines on a globe, also known as Parallels. They measure the distance north or south of the equator in degrees.
36. _____________ water- Water in which the salinity is between that of fresh and marine water, and these are often transitional area where such waters mix. An estuary, is the best example of brackish water.
39. A man-made channel of water used for transportation, irrigation and other human uses.
40. An area of land shaped like a triangle where a river deposits mud, sand, or pebbles as it enters the sea.
42. Seasonal reversal in wind direction that brings heavy rainfall in parts of southern Asia.
46. Continental _________- The movement of the continents on the earth’s surface.
47. The bright star almost directly above the North Pole. It is the brightest star in the constellation Ursa Minor. Sailors learned early on how to figure out their latitude with great precision using an astrolabe and Polaris.
48. Dead __________- The process of calculating one’s position, especially at sea, by estimating the direction and distance traveled rather than by using landmarks. It used the mathematical concept that distance equals rate times time (d=rt).
49. The study of everything in the universe beyond earth’s atmosphere.

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1. Natural _________- Naturally occurring materials such as forests, water, minerals, or coal, that can be used for economics gain.
4. A flat-topped hill formed when hard rock on the surface protects softer soil underneath it from being eroded. A butte is often steep-sided. Smaller than a mesa and plateau.
5. _________Forest- Forest in tropical climates with dense canopies, vines, and understories of growth.
6. The line at which the earth’s surface and sky appear to meet.
8. Using the land to grow crops and raise animals; farming.
9. A tropical grassland with few trees.
10. _________Range- A series of connecting mountains or mountain ridges.
11. A large flat section of elevated land, also called tableland or high plain. It is larger than a butte.
12. A Greek term meaning between two rivers.
15. The branch of mathematics that deals with shapes, angles, dimensions and size of a variety of things we see in everyday life.
19. A section of whole body of saltwater which covers more than 70% of the earth’s surface.
21. The imaginary line running through the Earth on which the Earth rotates.
22. An instrument used by early astronomers to measure angles and latitude
24. Solstice Longest day of the year
26. A spherical representation of the earth.
27. An area of low, very wet, and poorly drained grassland, similar to a swamp only smaller.
29. The behavior- language, beliefs, traditions, arts and crafts, political systems, and technologies, of a group of people.
30. Continental ________- A highland or ridge of mountains that causes rivers and streams to flow in different directions across continents, eventually reaching different oceans.
33. A line on a map or globe halfway between the north and south poles.
37. ____________Lines- Imaginary lines on the earth’s surface. They are a standard method of plotting a ship’s course on a chart. They are not the shortest distance between two points on a sphere.
38. Tropic of ________- The imaginary line that marks the southern edge of the tropics.
39. The science of drawing maps.
41. The lines running vertically around the Earth, also called meridians. They are not parallel. They measure how far east or west an object is.
43. ___________ Chart- Nautical charts, first made in the 13th century in the Mediterranean basin and later expanded to include other regions.
44. A narrow passage of water connecting two large bodies of water.
45. When the sun is directly above the equator.

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3. a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
6. He developed a diesel engine also known as compression-ignition engine- an internal combustion engine that uses the heat compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel.
8. Known as road propaganda which may be intended simply to inform.
9. Damage Damage to a vehicle resulting from direct pressure of some foreign object in a collision or roll over.
13. This field deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of traffic laws and rules and regulations.
15. which were first domesticated in Mesopotamia, they are used as pack animals and for riding.
16. This step determines the guilt or innocence of a person.
19. many traffic congestions are caused by slow drivers or poor driving habits, pedestrian mistakes, officer’s error, poor planning, poor legislation, and traffic accidents which are mostly attributed to human errors.
22. events or incidents which may cause unintentional damage to property, loss of limbs and/or death.
23. A covered carriage with two wheels, had seats for two or three and was usually drawn by two mules, horses or even oxen.
24. these are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
25. it refers to the side of the roadway, especially along highways.
26. In pre-Columbian America, it was the only new world animal other than the dog capable of domestication for use in transport.
27. Pack animals were introduced as conveyances mainly to save labor.
31. The MAJOR road builders and they built 50, 000 miles or 80,000 kms.
32. was a sacred vehicle elaborately ornamented with ivory and silver. This had either two or four wheels and was drawn by four horses or as in this illustration by elephants.
33. it means an entire width between the boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of the public for purpose of vehicular traffic
35. an area of a roadway created when two or more roadways join together at any angle
36. The striking of one body against another or a collision of a motor vehicle with another motor vehicle.
38. it refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
39. This is means of having violators appear in court without physical arrest.
40. serve as the nursery of automobile builders
42. he built the first high speed internal combustion engine.
43. It is the theory which asserts that man exhibits a constant variation of life energy and mood states
45. the proponent of theory of feeder road building.
46. Early man, who had no domesticated animals, carried his own burdens.
47. he invented the first successful automobile tire with an air-filled inner tube (interior)
49. One of the GREATEST INVENTION of man
50. It is the process of giving training and practice in the actual application of traffic safety knowledge.

Down

1. may be walking, running or standing on a roadway.
2. he built an oil-fired steam car
4. are installed to permit safe movement of vehicles and pedestrians at busy intersections.
5. It had four wheels, a cover and was generally drawn by two or more horses
7. The scattered broken parts of vehicles, rubbish, dust and other materials left at scene of the accident caused by a collision.
10. It is the science of measuring traffic and travel the study of the basic laws relative to the traffic law and generation
11. these are road /streets interconnecting provinces and/or cities
12. one of the modern ancestors of the modern bicycle
14. The movement or conveying of persons and goods from one location to another.
17. The first animal domesticated, is to slight to carry heavy loads.
18. are responsible for the adjudication of traffic-related cases filed before them.
20. these are narrow points or areas in highways where traffic congestions or traffic jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
21. used chiefly by women of the upper classes. It was furnished with cushions, had a covered top, but open sides
22. It is also a whole police function which involves the actual taking of enforcement actions.
28. introduced the first fast mail coach
29. A circumstance that alters an attribute permanently or temporarily.
30. It is an enforcement action which consists of taking a person into custody for the purpose of holding or detaining him to answer a charge of law violation before a court.
34. the application of the process and skills in planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and budgeting to traffic affairs.
37. it refers to the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles, either powered by combustion system or animal drawn, from one place to another for purpose of travel.
41. It refers to reduced risk of accident or injury on the roads, achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design.
44. introduced the MODEL T and had adopted mass production methods to meet the demand.
48. Any inherent characteristics of a road, a vehicle, or a person that affects the probability of a traffic accident.

Across

3. It is the theory which asserts that man exhibits a constant variation of life energy and mood states
5. It is the science of measuring traffic and travel the study of the basic laws relative to the traffic law and generation
6. It refers to reduced risk of accident or injury on the roads, achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design.
10. Pack animals were introduced as conveyances mainly to save labor.
14. This field deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of traffic laws and rules and regulations.
15. A covered carriage with two wheels, had seats for two or three and was usually drawn by two mules, horses or even oxen.
17. It is also a whole police function which involves the actual taking of enforcement actions.
21. these are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
22. may be walking, running or standing on a roadway.
23. used chiefly by women of the upper classes. It was furnished with cushions, had a covered top, but open sides
25. It is the process of giving training and practice in the actual application of traffic safety knowledge.
26. introduced the first fast mail coach
28. The first animal domesticated, is to slight to carry heavy loads.
30. The scattered broken parts of vehicles, rubbish, dust and other materials left at scene of the accident caused by a collision.
32. It had four wheels, a cover and was generally drawn by two or more horses
35. it refers to the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles, either powered by combustion system or animal drawn, from one place to another for purpose of travel.
36. an area of a roadway created when two or more roadways join together at any angle
37. these are narrow points or areas in highways where traffic congestions or traffic jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
39. The striking of one body against another or a collision of a motor vehicle with another motor vehicle.
43. one of the modern ancestors of the modern bicycle
44. introduced the MODEL T and had adopted mass production methods to meet the demand.
45. these are road /streets interconnecting provinces and/or cities
49. This step determines the guilt or innocence of a person.
50. serve as the nursery of automobile builders

Down

1. In pre-Columbian America, it was the only new world animal other than the dog capable of domestication for use in transport.
2. the proponent of theory of feeder road building.
4. the application of the process and skills in planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and budgeting to traffic affairs.
6. The MAJOR road builders and they built 50, 000 miles or 80,000 kms.
7. a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
8. many traffic congestions are caused by slow drivers or poor driving habits, pedestrian mistakes, officer’s error, poor planning, poor legislation, and traffic accidents which are mostly attributed to human errors.
9. This is means of having violators appear in court without physical arrest.
11. are responsible for the adjudication of traffic-related cases filed before them.
12. It is an enforcement action which consists of taking a person into custody for the purpose of holding or detaining him to answer a charge of law violation before a court.
13. The movement or conveying of persons and goods from one location to another.
16. Early man, who had no domesticated animals, carried his own burdens.
18. Damage to a vehicle resulting from direct pressure of some foreign object in a collision or roll over.
19. it refers to the side of the roadway, especially along highways.
20. he built the first high speed internal combustion engine.
24. A circumstance that alters an attribute permanently or temporarily.
27. One of the GREATEST INVENTION of man
29. events or incidents which may cause unintentional damage to property, loss of limbs and/or death.
31. Known as road propaganda which may be intended simply to inform.
33. he built an oil-fired steam car
34. it means an entire width between the boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of the public for purpose of vehicular traffic
38. it refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
40. are installed to permit safe movement of vehicles and pedestrians at busy intersections.
41. he invented the first successful automobile tire with an air-filled inner tube (interior)
42. He developed a diesel engine also known as compression-ignition engine- an internal combustion engine that uses the heat compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel.
46. was a sacred vehicle elaborately ornamented with ivory and silver. This had either two or four wheels and was drawn by four horses or as in this illustration by elephants.
47. which were first domesticated in Mesopotamia, they are used as pack animals and for riding.
48. Any inherent characteristics of a road, a vehicle, or a person that affects the probability of a traffic accident.

Across

3. a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
6. He developed a diesel engine also known as compression-ignition engine- an internal combustion engine that uses the heat compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel.
8. Known as road propaganda which may be intended simply to inform.
9. damage Damage to a vehicle resulting from direct pressure of some foreign object in a collision or roll over.
13. This field deals mostly on the implementation and enforcement of traffic laws and rules and regulations.
15. which were first domesticated in Mesopotamia, they are used as pack animals and for riding.
16. This step determines the guilt or innocence of a person.
19. many traffic congestions are caused by slow drivers or poor driving habits, pedestrian mistakes, officer’s error, poor planning, poor legislation, and traffic accidents which are mostly attributed to human errors.
22. events or incidents which may cause unintentional damage to property, loss of limbs and/or death.
23. A covered carriage with two wheels, had seats for two or three and was usually drawn by two mules, horses or even oxen.
24. these are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
25. it refers to the side of the roadway, especially along highways.
26. In pre-Columbian America, it was the only new world animal other than the dog capable of domestication for use in transport.
27. Pack animals were introduced as conveyances mainly to save labor.
31. The MAJOR road builders and they built 50, 000 miles or 80,000 kms.
32. was a sacred vehicle elaborately ornamented with ivory and silver. This had either two or four wheels and was drawn by four horses or as in this illustration by elephants.
33. it means an entire width between the boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of the public for purpose of vehicular traffic
35. an area of a roadway created when two or more roadways join together at any angle
36. The striking of one body against another or a collision of a motor vehicle with another motor vehicle.
38. it refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
39. This is means of having violators appear in court without physical arrest.
40. serve as the nursery of automobile builders
42. he built the first high speed internal combustion engine.
43. It is the theory which asserts that man exhibits a constant variation of life energy and mood states
45. the proponent of theory of feeder road building.
46. Early man, who had no domesticated animals, carried his own burdens.
47. he invented the first successful automobile tire with an air-filled inner tube (interior)
49. One of the GREATEST INVENTION of man
50. It is the process of giving training and practice in the actual application of traffic safety knowledge.

Down

1. may be walking, running or standing on a roadway.
2. he built an oil-fired steam car
4. are installed to permit safe movement of vehicles and pedestrians at busy intersections.
5. It had four wheels, a cover and was generally drawn by two or more horses
7. The scattered broken parts of vehicles, rubbish, dust and other materials left at scene of the accident caused by a collision.
10. It is the science of measuring traffic and travel the study of the basic laws relative to the traffic law and generation
11. these are road /streets interconnecting provinces and/or cities
12. one of the modern ancestors of the modern bicycle
14. The movement or conveying of persons and goods from one location to another.
17. The first animal domesticated, is to slight to carry heavy loads.
18. are responsible for the adjudication of traffic-related cases filed before them.
20. these are narrow points or areas in highways where traffic congestions or traffic jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
21. used chiefly by women of the upper classes. It was furnished with cushions, had a covered top, but open sides
22. It is also a whole police function which involves the actual taking of enforcement actions.
28. introduced the first fast mail coach
29. A circumstance that alters an attribute permanently or temporarily.
30. It is an enforcement action which consists of taking a person into custody for the purpose of holding or detaining him to answer a charge of law violation before a court.
34. the application of the process and skills in planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and budgeting to traffic affairs.
37. it refers to the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles, either powered by combustion system or animal drawn, from one place to another for purpose of travel.
41. It refers to reduced risk of accident or injury on the roads, achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design.
44. introduced the MODEL T and had adopted mass production methods to meet the demand.
48. Any inherent characteristics of a road, a vehicle, or a person that affects the probability of a traffic accident.

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1. class

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1. A person that is skilled at makeing things by hand

Down

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1. A person that is skilled at makeing things by hand

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1. inspired the biblical story

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1. crescent

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1. What do they use to drink out of?

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1. Bad-tibura Shuruppak Uruk Sippar Ur

Down

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1. A person that is skilled at makeing things by hand

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3. is based on research, which is commonly conducted in academic and research institutions as well as in government agencies and companies. The practical impact of scientific research has led to the emergence of science policies that seek to influence the scientific enterprise by prioritizing the development of commercial products, armaments, health care, and environmental protection.

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1. science is typically divided into three major branches that consist of the natural sciences (e.g., biology, chemistry, and physics), which study nature in the broadest sense; the social sciences (e.g., economics, psychology, and sociology), which study individuals and societies; and the formal sciences (e.g., logic, mathematics, and theoretical computer science), which study abstract concepts. There is disagreement,[16][17] however, on whether the formal sciences actually constitute a science as they do not rely on empirical evidence.[18] Disciplines that use existing scientific knowledge for practical purposes, such as engineering and medicine, are described as applied sciences.[19][20][21][22]
2. earliest roots of science can be traced to Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in around 3500 to 3000 BCE.[3][4] Their contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine entered and shaped Greek natural philosophy of classical antiquity, whereby formal attempts were made to explain events of the physical world based on natural causes.[3][4] After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, knowledge of Greek conceptions of the world deteriorated in Western Europe during the early centuries (400 to 1000 CE) of the Middle Ages[5] but was preserved in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age.[6] The recovery and assimilation of Greek works and Islamic inquiries into Western Europe from the 10th to 13th century revived natural philosophy,[5][7] which was later transformed by the Scientific Revolution that began in the 16th century[8] as new ideas and discoveries departed from previous Greek conceptions and traditions.[9][10][11][12] The scientific method soon played a greater role in knowledge creation and it was not until the 19th century that many of the institutional and professional features of science began to take shape.[13][14][15]

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7. The policy of a state wishing to incorporate within itself territory inhabited by people who have ethnic or linguistic links with the country but that lies within a neighboring state. (4, IDK)
10. A code of maritime law approved by the United Nations in 1982 that authorizes, among other provisions, territorial waters extending 12 nautical miles (22km) from shore and 200-nautical-mile-wide (370-km-wide) exclusive economic zones. (4, IDK)
12. Established limits by governments on the number of immigrants who can enter a country each year. (2, IDK)
13. Diseases and conditions that spread rapidly and extensively by infection and affect many people at the same time, and it’s used figuratively to describe widely prevalent things other than infectious diseases. (2, CC)
18. The growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers. (5, CC)
19. An approach to industrial location theory concerned with spatial variations in revenue. It concentrates on the demand side of the industrial location problem, as opposed to the cost side addressed in variable cost analysis. (6, IDK)
22. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers. Modern agricultural techniques spread in the '70s and '80s is known as the Green Revolution. It is important to understand this concept because it shows how agriculture improved worldwide. (5, VIT)
26. The tendency for competing vendors to cluster in the middle of a customer area is called (6, IDK)
27. A language used between native speakers of different languages to allow them to communicate so that they can trade with each other. (3, IDK)
28. Geographic viewpoint a response to determinism- that holds that human decision making, not the environment, is the critical factor in cultural development (1, IDK)
29. Trend of mid to high-income Americans moving into city centers and rehabilitating much of the architecture and also replacing the low-income population (negative view of rebuilding a neighborhood). (7, IDK)
31. The level of development that can be maintained in a country without depleting resources to the extent that future generations will be unable to achieve a comparable level of development. (7, CC)
33. Services that focus on the creation, re-arrangement and interpretation of new and existing ideas; data interpretation and the use and evaluation of new technologies.The highest level of decision makers or policy makers perform these activities. (6, CC)
34. Is a demographic and social process whereby people move from urban areas to rural areas. It is, like suburbanization, inversely related to urbanization. It first occurred as a reaction to inner-city deprivation. (2, IDK)
35. The act of having a specific plan in a specific place. This concept is important because without it places wouldn’t be in a state to run efficiently. (4, VIT)

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1. Culture that is found in big, mixed societies (cultures) that share common habits despite the difference throughout the culture. It is important to know this concept because it helps understand the differences of culture in a country. (3, VIT)
2. The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape. This is an important concept in geography because it symbolizes how humans interact with their surroundings. (3, IDK)
3. This covers a range of development and conservation strategies that help protect our health and natural environment and make our communities more attractive, economically stronger, and more socially diverse. (7, CC)
4. The process of change in a society's population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population. The significance of this is to show how countries populations developed over time/stages. (2, VIT)
5. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures. (5, IDK)
6. Process of less dominant cultures losing their culture to a more dominant culture. (3, CC)
8. A collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user. (1, IDK)
9. These activities are specialized tertiary activities in the ‘Knowledge Sector’ which demands a separate classification. They are not tied to resources, affected by the environment, or necessarily localised by market. (6, CC)
11. The small scale production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers as cash crops sold directly to local consumers. (5, CC)
14. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing.(5, IDK)
15. The adoption of cultural traits such as language by one group under the influence of another (3, CC)
16. Created by Walter Christaller, it seeks to explain the number, size and location of human settlements in an urban system; settlements simply function as 'central places,' providing services to surrounding areas. This is shown through organized hexagons to eliminate unserved or overlapping market areas. (7, VIT)
17. Satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features. (1, CC)
20. The innovation of the city, which occurred independently in five separate hearths (Mesoamerica, Nile Valley, Mesopotamia, Indus Valley, Huang Ho). (7, IDK)
21. The process of declining from a higher to a lower level of effective power or vitality or essential quality (4, CC)
23. This focuses on the location of humans as it relates to interaction. This aspect of geography studies physical locations to determine how people live on the surface of the Earth, without it geographers wouldn't be able to see how the earth and its inhabitants work together to make a cohesive community. (1, VIT)
24. The process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities (4, CC)
25. Collecting of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long distance methods (1, CC)
30. The centralization of parts of an industry as a whole. If this didn’t exist, then geographers wouldn't be able to identify the progressions that an industry makes over a period of time. (6, VIT)
32. This refers to an infectious disease that spreads over the entire world in a rapid manner. (2, CC)

Across

2. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures. (5, IDK)
6. Collecting of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long distance methods (1, CC)
7. Is a demographic and social process whereby people move from urban areas to rural areas. It is, like suburbanization, inversely related to urbanization. It first occurred as a reaction to inner-city deprivation. (2, IDK)
8. The process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities (4, CC)
10. The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape. This is an important concept in geography because it symbolizes how humans interact with their surroundings. (3, IDK)
12. The process of declining from a higher to a lower level of effective power or vitality or essential quality (4, CC)
13. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers. Modern agricultural techniques spread in the '70s and '80s is known as the Green Revolution. It is important to understand this concept because it shows how agriculture improved worldwide. (5, VIT)
14. This focuses on the location of humans as it relates to interaction. This aspect of geography studies physical locations to determine how people live on the surface of the Earth, without it geographers wouldn't be able to see how the earth and its inhabitants work together to make a cohesive community. (1, VIT)
19. Satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features. (1, CC)
20. Process of less dominant cultures losing their culture to a more dominant culture. (3, CC)
21. A language used between native speakers of different languages to allow them to communicate so that they can trade with each other. (3, IDK)
24. A collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user. (1, IDK)
29. The act of having a specific plan in a specific place. This concept is important because without it places wouldn’t be in a state to run efficiently. (4, VIT)
32. An approach to industrial location theory concerned with spatial variations in revenue. It concentrates on the demand side of the industrial location problem, as opposed to the cost side addressed in variable cost analysis. (6, IDK)
34. The policy of a state wishing to incorporate within itself territory inhabited by people who have ethnic or linguistic links with the country but that lies within a neighboring state. (4, IDK)

Down

1. This covers a range of development and conservation strategies that help protect our health and natural environment and make our communities more attractive, economically stronger, and more socially diverse. (7, CC)
3. The small scale production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers as cash crops sold directly to local consumers. (5, CC)
4. The growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers. (5, CC)
5. The level of development that can be maintained in a country without depleting resources to the extent that future generations will be unable to achieve a comparable level of development. (7, CC)
9. The tendency for competing vendors to cluster in the middle of a customer area is called (6, IDK)
11. A code of maritime law approved by the United Nations in 1982 that authorizes, among other provisions, territorial waters extending 12 nautical miles (22km) from shore and 200-nautical-mile-wide (370-km-wide) exclusive economic zones. (4, IDK)
15. Established limits by governments on the number of immigrants who can enter a country each year. (2, IDK)
16. These activities are specialized tertiary activities in the ‘Knowledge Sector’ which demands a separate classification. They are not tied to resources, affected by the environment, or necessarily localised by market. (6, CC)
17. The process of change in a society's population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population. The significance of this is to show how countries populations developed over time/stages. (2, VIT)
18. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing.(5, IDK)
19. Trend of mid to high-income Americans moving into city centers and rehabilitating much of the architecture and also replacing the low-income population (negative view of rebuilding a neighborhood). (7, IDK)
22. The innovation of the city, which occurred independently in five separate hearths (Mesoamerica, Nile Valley, Mesopotamia, Indus Valley, Huang Ho). (7, IDK)
23. Services that focus on the creation, re-arrangement and interpretation of new and existing ideas; data interpretation and the use and evaluation of new technologies.The highest level of decision makers or policy makers perform these activities. (6, CC)
25. Created by Walter Christaller, it seeks to explain the number, size and location of human settlements in an urban system; settlements simply function as 'central places,' providing services to surrounding areas. This is shown through organized hexagons to eliminate unserved or overlapping market areas. (7, VIT)
26. The adoption of cultural traits such as language by one group under the influence of another (3, CC)
27. Culture that is found in big, mixed societies (cultures) that share common habits despite the difference throughout the culture. It is important to know this concept because it helps understand the differences of culture in a country. (3, VIT)
28. Geographic viewpoint a response to determinism- that holds that human decision making, not the environment, is the critical factor in cultural development (1, IDK)
30. The centralization of parts of an industry as a whole. If this didn’t exist, then geographers wouldn't be able to identify the progressions that an industry makes over a period of time. (6, VIT)
31. This refers to an infectious disease that spreads over the entire world in a rapid manner. (2, CC)
33. Diseases and conditions that spread rapidly and extensively by infection and affect many people at the same time, and it’s used figuratively to describe widely prevalent things other than infectious diseases. (2, CC)

Across

3. A language used between native speakers of different languages to allow them to communicate so that they can trade with each other. (3, IDK)
9. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing.(5, IDK)
10. The act of having a specific plan in a specific place. This concept is important because without it places wouldn’t be in a state to run efficiently. (4, VIT)
11. The growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers. (5, CC)
13. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers. Modern agricultural techniques spread in the '70s and '80s is known as the Green Revolution. It is important to understand this concept because it shows how agriculture improved worldwide. (5, VIT)
14. Created by Walter Christaller, it seeks to explain the number, size and location of human settlements in an urban system; settlements simply function as 'central places,' providing services to surrounding areas. This is shown through organized hexagons to eliminate unserved or overlapping market areas. (7, VIT)
15. The centralization of parts of an industry as a whole. If this didn’t exist, then geographers wouldn't be able to identify the progressions that an industry makes over a period of time. (6, VIT)
19. These activities are specialized tertiary activities in the ‘Knowledge Sector’ which demands a separate classification. They are not tied to resources, affected by the environment, or necessarily localised by market. (6, CC)
20. The process of change in a society's population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population. The significance of this is to show how countries populations developed over time/stages. (2, VIT)
21. A collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user. (1, IDK)
22. The process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities (4, CC)
25. Collecting of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long distance methods (1, CC)
27. The innovation of the city, which occurred independently in five separate hearths (Mesoamerica, Nile Valley, Mesopotamia, Indus Valley, Huang Ho). (7, IDK)
31. Services that focus on the creation, re-arrangement and interpretation of new and existing ideas; data interpretation and the use and evaluation of new technologies.The highest level of decision makers or policy makers perform these activities. (6, CC)
34. An approach to industrial location theory concerned with spatial variations in revenue. It concentrates on the demand side of the industrial location problem, as opposed to the cost side addressed in variable cost analysis. (6, IDK)

Down

1. The small scale production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers as cash crops sold directly to local consumers. (5, CC)
2. Is a demographic and social process whereby people move from urban areas to rural areas. It is, like suburbanization, inversely related to urbanization. It first occurred as a reaction to inner-city deprivation. (2, IDK)
4. The level of development that can be maintained in a country without depleting resources to the extent that future generations will be unable to achieve a comparable level of development. (7, CC)
5. The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape. This is an important concept in geography because it symbolizes how humans interact with their surroundings. (3, IDK)
6. This covers a range of development and conservation strategies that help protect our health and natural environment and make our communities more attractive, economically stronger, and more socially diverse. (7, CC)
7. Geographic viewpoint a response to determinism- that holds that human decision making, not the environment, is the critical factor in cultural development (1, IDK)
8. The adoption of cultural traits such as language by one group under the influence of another (3, CC)
12. A code of maritime law approved by the United Nations in 1982 that authorizes, among other provisions, territorial waters extending 12 nautical miles (22km) from shore and 200-nautical-mile-wide (370-km-wide) exclusive economic zones. (4, IDK)
16. The tendency for competing vendors to cluster in the middle of a customer area is called (6, IDK)
17. Satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features. (1, CC)
18. This focuses on the location of humans as it relates to interaction. This aspect of geography studies physical locations to determine how people live on the surface of the Earth, without it geographers wouldn't be able to see how the earth and its inhabitants work together to make a cohesive community. (1, VIT)
23. Trend of mid to high-income Americans moving into city centers and rehabilitating much of the architecture and also replacing the low-income population (negative view of rebuilding a neighborhood). (7, IDK)
24. Established limits by governments on the number of immigrants who can enter a country each year. (2, IDK)
26. Culture that is found in big, mixed societies (cultures) that share common habits despite the difference throughout the culture. It is important to know this concept because it helps understand the differences of culture in a country. (3, VIT)
28. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures. (5, IDK)
29. Process of less dominant cultures losing their culture to a more dominant culture. (3, CC)
30. The process of declining from a higher to a lower level of effective power or vitality or essential quality (4, CC)
32. Diseases and conditions that spread rapidly and extensively by infection and affect many people at the same time, and it’s used figuratively to describe widely prevalent things other than infectious diseases. (2, CC)
33. This refers to an infectious disease that spreads over the entire world in a rapid manner. (2, CC)
35. The policy of a state wishing to incorporate within itself territory inhabited by people who have ethnic or linguistic links with the country but that lies within a neighboring state. (4, IDK)

Across

2. Known as the "Warm Heart of Africa."
4. Over 500 islands in Pacific.
5. The lowest country in the world.
9. Known for its vast steppes and nomadic culture.
11. An island nation in East Asia.
16. Africa's last absolute monarchy.
18. Second-largest country in Africa by area.
21. Has the longest coastline in the world.
24. Formerly known as Persia.
29. Invaded by Iraq in 1990, leading to the Gulf War.
30. The largest landlocked country in the world.
31. Largest country in Africa by land area.
33. Known for its savanna safaris.
34. Only South American country with coastlines on both the Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea.
35. Gained independence from Ethiopia in 1993.
36. Often referred to as "White Russia."
39. Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
43. Known as the "Emerald Isle."
44. Small, wealthy country on the island of Borneo.
45. Has a single-color flag with a crescent and star.
46. Home to the southernmost city in the world.
49. Home to the ancient Aztec and Maya civilizations.
51. Known as the "Nature Isle of the Caribbean."
53. Has a flag with red-white-red horizontal stripes.
54. The only landlocked country in Southeast Asia.
55. The smallest and most densely populated country in Central America.
58. Small, landlocked country in East Africa.
61. Never colonized, except for a brief Italian occupation.
63. The first nation to adopt Christianity as a state religion.
65. A Baltic state with a digital society.
68. The world's eighth-most populous country.
69. Abolished its army in 1949.
72. Has a flag similar to Mali's but with different colors.
75. An archipelago of 700 islands.
77. The first Soviet republic to declare independence.
80. The smallest country on mainland Africa.
81. Famous canal connection.
84. Guinea The only African country where Spanish is an official language.
88. Strict regime and isolation.
90. Largest country in South America.
92. Landlocked, Guarani language.
93. Known for its medieval towns and Renaissance architecture.
94. Home to the Namib Desert, one of the oldest deserts in the world.
97. Measures its success with Gross National Happiness.
99. Formerly part of Czechoslovakia.
102. Largest island in the Caribbean.
104. Part of the ancient Mesoamerican cultural region.
105. Home to the Okavango Delta.
106. Spans all four hemispheres.
112. The Eiffel Tower is one of its most iconic landmarks.
114. Located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia.
115. Location of the 1984 Winter Olympics.
116. Known for its Great Barrier Reef.
117. Machu Picchu, ancient Inca.
118. Named after the equator.
119. Name means "Land of Honest People."
120. The only English-speaking country in South America.
121. and Barbuda Consists of two major islands in the Caribbean.
123. Shares the island of Hispaniola with the Dominican Republic.
124. Known for its indigenous Maori culture.
125. Known as "Africa in miniature" for its geographical diversity.
127. The Great Wall is one of its most famous landmarks.
128. Hosts the only permanent US military base in Africa.
129. Known for its strict regime and isolation.
130. Known as the "Island of Spice."

Down

1. Home to the largest thermal water cave system in the world.
2. The second smallest country in the world.
3. Home to the Angkor Wat temple complex.
6. Home to the ancient pyramids of Giza.
7. Birthplace of Chopin, Pope John Paul II.
8. Home to the ancient city of Petra.
10. The only country with a non-rectangular flag.
12. Reunified in 1990 after the fall of the Berlin Wall.
13. Its territory includes Greenland and the Faroe Islands.
14. Largest country in Central America.
15. An island nation in the Mediterranean Sea.
17. The most populous country in Africa.
19. Diverse tribal cultures, Kokoda Track.
20. Known for its long Adriatic coastline.
22. Home to ancient Mayan ruins like Tikal.
23. One of the Baltic states.
25. Gained independence from Portugal in 1975.
26. Birthplace of democracy.
27. Comprises over 600 islands.
28. Known for its thousands of lakes and islands.
32. Completely surrounded by South Africa.
37. Gained independence from Portugal in 1973.
38. Divided between Greek and Turkish communities.
39. Archipelago of 7,000 islands.
40. An archipelago off the northwest coast of Africa.
41. One of the oldest countries in Europe.
42. Named after the second-largest lake in Africa.
44. Gained independence from the UK in 1966.
47. Islands Site of US nuclear tests in the 1940s and 1950s.
48. Known for its cedar trees.
49. Has a flag with a crescent and star.
50. The dodo bird was native to this island.
52. Located on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
56. Named after a major river in West Africa.
57. Shares the Caspian Sea with four other countries.
59. Has a federal constitutional monarchy.
60. Home to the ancient city of Timbuktu.
62. Home to the Dead Sea, the lowest point on earth.
64. Name means "Black Mountain."
66. Situated between France and Spain.
67. Sandwiched between Romania and Ukraine.
70. Known for its extensive rainforests.
71. Has a Kalashnikov rifle on its flag.
73. The first African country to gain independence from colonial rule.
74. The third smallest country by area.
76. Formerly known as Burma.
78. K2 mountain, second highest peak.
79. One of the founding members of the European Union.
82. The only Central American country with English as its official language.
83. The world's fourth-largest island.
85. Shares the island of Hispaniola with Haiti.
86. Island nation in the Indian Ocean.
87. Sea route to India, port wine.
89. The world's largest archipelago.
91. A doubly landlocked country in Europe.
95. Birthplace of the Vodun (voodoo) religion.
96. An archipelago of more than 300 islands.
97. Has two capital cities.
98. An island nation in the Persian Gulf.
100. Founded by freed American slaves.
101. Birthplace of reggae music.
103. Known for its nomadic culture.
107. Has the Atlas Mountains running through it.
108. African Republic Landlocked country in the heart of Africa.
109. Ancient Mesopotamia is part of its heritage.
110. Known for its flat landscape and canals.
111. Its flag is similar to that of Mexico, with different shades of green and red.
113. Extends along the western edge of South America.
122. The world's largest democracy.
126. Midnight sun and fjords.

Across

3. Country located on the Rhine
8. Polynesian island chain
10. Island Kopenhagen is located on
14. Basque capital
15. Country New Caledonia was named after
17. Part of the Sahara, mostly in Mauretania and Mali
18. European Language diven to extinction by the British
19. German City that doesn't exist
21. Condominium between France and Spain
23. US state formerly thought of as an island
26. River in the Netherlands and Southern European currency
27. Europe's busiest port city
29. Muslim microstate that Albania may found in their capital city
30. the only country with no red, white or blue in the flag
31. Formerly Portugese colony in China
34. the people Tuscany is named after
35. Capital of West Germany
37. Estonia's largest island
39. Italian name for südtirol
45. Country where Jimmy Carter said that he desired their people carnally
46. Eastern part of Libya
47. Slavic state existing from 1918 to 1993
51. Old name for the DRC
53. City with the first metro, built in 1863
54. Shortened name for a political entity in Germany lasting from 800 to 1806
55. Country that will become independent in 2027
56. Island where Napoleon Bonaparte is born
58. City with the oldest buildings in Germany
59. Place where Siddharta Gautama was born
61. Alternate name for Germans
63. Unclaimed territory in the sahara
65. Country with the highest English-speaking proficiency excl. English native countries
67. Ugliest city according to the UK
73. Part of the Czech Republic, A great power in the early medieval period
74. Country with the highest GDP per capita in Europe
76. Tallest mountain measuring from the base
79. Heavily industrialized area in Germany
81. Part of the Nile flowing through Ethiopia
82. Phoenician colony turned into a trading empire
83. Captital of Flanders
85. Often regarded as the tallest mountain in the world
87. Capital of wales
89. unifiers of the Kingdom of Germany
91. Name for the region including Syria, Lebanon and Israel/Palestine
93. Name of the archipelago the pig war between the US and Canada was fought over
94. Native american tribes on the American four corners
98. region divided between Greece, Türkiye and Bulgaria
100. Endangered Lecithic language
101. River with the largest delta in the world
103. Important formerly Luxembourgish city
104. Country that doesn't recognize any China
106. Swedish city with several elemants named after it
107. Religion founded by Czech reformer Jan Hus
109. Capital of Occitania
113. Formerly British colony in China
115. Capital of the Kingdom of Italy before Rome
118. Chinese Island
122. Collective name for Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia
123. Name for a French and an extinct German people
124. Region of Poland
125. Country where the same guy has been in charge since it's founding in 1991
126. British island located near France
127. Old name for Thailand
128. Current name of Köningsberg
129. Cultural region of Romania
130. Capital of Punjab and Haryana

Down

1. Holiest city in Islam
2. Only country that doesn't recognize Armenia
4. German city where Martin Luther was born
5. Founded by Greeks, now Ukrainian port city
6. German speaking part of France
7. island where the capital of oman was located for a while
9. Country often regarded for having no coastline, but is has around 22km of coastline
10. Where the Netherlands borders France
11. French city founded by the Greeks
12. Place in the middle east where agriculture was first developed
13. Point furthest from the core
16. Romanian people living in northern Greece
20. Island nation that was forced into being independent
22. Dutch trading post in Japan
24. Holiest city in Christianity and Judeaism
25. Most hated Dutch city
28. Turkish city with the same name as a superhero
32. Name for the Island in Lake Como that was temporarily sovereign Belgian territory
33. Old Aztec name for Mexico City
36. Long, mountainous country
38. Island first inhabited by the Dutch, named after a Duth royal
40. Czech city with a well-known astronomical clock
41. Capital of Limburg (NL)
42. Country where Freddie Mercury was born
43. Most hated Dutch province
44. Part of the Nile flowing from lake Victoria
48. Country where the gooning cave is located
49. Biggest mistake when it comes to countries
50. Place where the Bob Semple tank was made
52. capital of Gotland
57. Self-proclaimed country of origin for many Americans
60. Unclaimed Antarctic territory
61. Soviet sattelite state existing from 1921 to 1941
62. Place the union between the kingdoms of Norway, Sweden and Denmark was named after
64. one of the few intercontinental cities
66. Region divided between the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany
68. Old name for Bratislava
69. Name for the USA before 1776
70. script used by the minoan civilization
71. Former Bohemian territory, then German, now Polish
72. Name of the strait connecting the Black sea to the sea of Azov
75. Capital of the kingdom of Swabia
77. Capital of Wallonia
78. Island of origin for the austronesian people
80. Long, mountainous country
84. Strait between Argentina and Antarctica
86. Capital of Francia
88. City where Christopher Columbus is from
90. French city famous for mustard
92. Youngest country as per 2011
94. Point farthest away from any land
95. Native name for Easter Island
96. Native New Zealanders
97. Polish town where they speak Wymysorisch, a Central German dialect closely related to Silesian
99. Capital city of Madagascar
102. Former Portugese colony in India
105. Slavic language spoken in the Carpathian mountains
106. Federation of six or seven culturally similar countries
108. Oldest existing republic in the world
110. Native name for Puerto Rico
111. Soviet name for St. Petersburg
112. Caribbean Archipelago
114. Language spoken in the south of France, closely related to Catalan
116. Former colonizers of Tobago
117. City with the oldest university still in operation since 1088
119. Largest part of the Czech Republic
120. Dutch city well known for Cheese
121. Peninsula hanging off of China

Across

2. river

Down

1. River

Across

4. Large marsupial
5. Likes to chase mice

Down

1. Has a trunk
2. Flying mammal
3. Man's best friend

Across

1. isudv

Down

Across

2. A high point in a city on which impressive structures, especially religious buildings, were built is called a ______.
5. Hearth An area where agriculture and urbanization were not independently innovated, and where the adaptations of the practice or trait further diffused.
7. Urbanism Development, urban revitalization, and suburban reforms that create walkable neighborhoods with a diversity of housing and jobs.
8. Model Ernst Griffin and Larry Ford’s model of the South American city, that shows a blend of traditional elements of South American culture with the forces of globalization that are reshaping the urban scene, is called the _____.
10. This is where financial institutions in the business of lending money identified what they considered to be risky neighborhoods in cities, often predominantly black neighborhoods, and refuse to offer loans to anyone purchasing a house in the neighborhood encircled by red lines on their maps.
12. He Wei Valleys This is the fourth urban hearth located in present-day China dating back to 1500 BCE.
14. This is the sixth urban hearth dating back to 900 BCE.
15. River Valley This is the third urban hearth where agriculture probably diffused from the Fertile Crescent dating back to 2200 BCE.
17. Zonation The division of the city into certain regions for certain purposes is called _____.
19. Zone Model Ernest Burgess’s model, that divides the city into five concentric zones (four concentric zones surrounding a CBD), defined by their function, is called the _____.
20. An absolute location of a city, often chosen for its advantages in trade or defense, or as a center for religious practice is called a _____.
24. In the context of the city, this entails transforming the central business district into an area attractive to residents and tourists alike.
29. The homes intended for suburban demolition are called _____.
31. Economy This is the economy that is not taxed and is not counted toward a country’s gross national income.
32. Sprawl This is unrestricted growth of housing, commercial developments, and roads over large expanses of land, with little concern for urban planning.
33. An agglomeration of people and buildings clustered together to serve as a center of politics, culture, and economics is called a ______.
34. Realtors would solicit white residents of the neighborhood to sell their homes under the guise that the neighborhood was going downhill because a black person or family had moved in, which lead to whites moving to the outlying suburbs from the city, in a practice called _____.
36. Urban Revolution The innovation of the city that occurred independently in six hearths is called the _______.
37. An area with a relatively uniform land use such as an industrial zone or residential zone is called a ______.
38. An outlying, functionally uniform part of an urban area that is often adjacent to the central city is called a _____.
39. Belt Phenomenon The movement of millions of Americans from northern and northeastern States to the South and Southwest is referred to as the _____.
40. Model T.G. McGee’s model that shows similar land-use patterns exhibited in medium-sized cities of Southeast Asia.
42. This is an open, public space that became the focus of commercial activity where Greeks debated, lectured, judged each other, planned military campaigns, and socialized.
43. New mansions that are supersize and have a similar look are called _____.
46. of Consumption Areas that encourage the consumptions of their products (goods and services) that are driven by the global media industry are called _____.
47. Cities ______ function at the global scale, beyond the reach of the state borders, functioning as the service centers of the world economy.

Down

1. Sector The very poorest parts of cities that in extreme cases are not connected to regular city services and are controlled by gangs and drug lords are called the _____.
3. City This is a country’s leading city, always disproportionately large and exceptionally expressive of national capacity and feeling.
4. The conditions that make change possible derive from dwelling together in a particular home place or space, and is known as _____.
6. Class Also known as the urban elite, this consists of a group of decision makers and organizers who control resources, and often the lives, of others.
8. The rehabilitation of houses in older neighborhoods is called _____.
9. The focal point of Roman life that combines the Greek acropolis and agora is called the ______.
11. Business District A concentration of business and commerce in the city’s downtown is called _____.
13. River Valley This is the second hearth of urbanization that is distinguished by the use of irrigation in order to urbanize dating back to 3200 BCE.
16. This is the process by which lands that were previously outside of the urban environment become urbanized, as people and businesses from the city move to these spaces.
18. The role of a city in the larger, surrounding context is known as ______.
21. Area An adjacent region to a city within which its influence is dominant is called a _____.
22. This was the first hearth of agriculture dating back to 3500 BCE. This is an urban hearth that is also known as the region of great cities or Fertile Crescent located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
23. Primate cities in developing countries are called _____ when the city has a large population, a vast territorial extent, rapid in-migration, and a strained, inadequate infrastructure.
25. This is the fifth urban hearth with cities centered around religion dating back to 1100 BCE.
26. City This is the urban area that is not suburban.
27. Surplus An additional amount of food available due to advancements in technology and an increase in labor is called _____.
28. Laws The laws in which cities define areas of the city and designate the kinds of development allowed in each zone are called ______.
30. Rule This rule states that in a model urban hierarchy, the population of a city or town will inversely proportional to its rank in the hierarchy.
35. Unplanned developments of crude dwellings and shelters made mostly of scrap wood, iron, and pieces of cardboard that develop around cities are called _____.
41. Cities These suburban downtowns that serve their new local economies are often located near key freeway intersections and are developed mainly around big regional shopping centers and restaurants, entertainment facilities, and even sports stadiums.
44. Stratification The presence of a social hierarchy is referred to as ______.
45. Communities Fenced-in neighborhoods with controlled access gates for people and automobiles are called _____.

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1. Ciencia que estudia las civilizaciones antiguas a través de los monumentos, las obras de arte, los utensilios
3. Lo que sacó Tom Sawyer de una caja cuando estaba aburrido en la iglesia
7. Célula que no posee núcleo y cuyo ADN se encuentra disperso en el citoplasma
9. Ocurre cuando un cuerpo absorbe calor, aumenta su temperatura y se expande
18. Figura plana cuya área se halla con la siguiente fórmula A =bxh/ 2
19. Cuerpo de un avión
21. Capa de la Tierra donde es posible la vida. Está formada por todos los ecosistemas de nuestro planeta
22. Lugar en el que se originó la escritura
25. Compromiso de ayuda mutua entre pobladores de un ayllu
27. En el juego del ajedrez, movimiento defensivo en que el rey y la torre del mismo bando cambian simultáneamente su posición
28. combinación de movimientos de taekwondo donde se utilizan ataques y defensas en un orden específico
29. Estilo más reciente de Kung Fu que se enfoca en la exhibición y la acrobacia
30. Parte de la lavadora donde se introduce la ropa
33. Expresar una apreciación personal sobre algo o alguien
35. Línea que une dos caras en un cuerpo geométrico
36. aeronave que se sostiene y avanza porque bate sus alas con movimientos parecidos a los de las aves
38. Glándula que produce la insulina
40. Primera cámara. Era una caja de madera con un lente que contenía una placa de cobre recubierta de plata
42. Mayor productor de café en el mundo
43. Etapa conformada por la Edad de Piedra y la Edad de los Metales
46. Poder del estado que se encarga de crear las leyes
50. Información gráfica sobre un tema en concreto. Generalmente, incluye textos breves que complementan la información
54. Se le atribuye la creación de la natación como deporte: John…
55. Forma de transmisión del calor en la que no hay contacto entre los cuerpos y que depende de ondas electromagnéticas
57. Glándula anexa del sistema digestivo que produce bilis para la digestión
59. Hijo de Dédalo
61. Su nombre significa “Las cuatro regiones juntas”
62. A force that pulls you to the center of the Earth
63. It happens when two things rub together
67. Una de las maniobras de bodyboard más difíciles y riesgosas
69. Miembro más joven de la tripulación de Ulises
71. Zapateo básico de la marinera
72. Antónimo de urbano
73. Lugar donde se originó el flamenco
74. Apellido de los hermanos creadores de la banda AC/DC
78. Física y química polaca, pionera en el campo de la radioactividad, que descubrió el radio y el polonio: Marie…
79. Apellido del antagonista de Paco Yunque
81. Hermanos creadores de la primera película de la historia del cine
85. Tipo de videoclip que busca tratar un tema específico con música e imágenes y que resalta por su belleza.
87. Uno de los gatos de Borja
88. Permite precisar el significado de los símbolos utilizados en un mapa
89. Calle donde se ubicó la primera sede del club Alianza Lima
90. Torneo de tenis oficial más antiguo del mundo
91. Eliminación de las heces o materia no absorbida en la digestión
92. Nombre del caballo de Don Quijote de la Mancha
94. Museo donde se encuentra La Mona Lisa
95. “Un canto de amistad, de buena ______”
97. The past tense of buy
98. Árbol que Atenea le regaló a la ciudad de Atenas
99. Uno de los métodos de separación de mezclas
100. Apellido de Mary, el personaje principal de El jardín secreto

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2. Famosa pintura rupestre de España
4. Elemento químico cuyo símbolo es C
5. Apellido del escritor de Las brujas y Matilda
6. Maestro del cajón peruano: Francisco…
8. Número que tiene más de dos divisores
10. Antónimo de reverso
11. Fue secuestrada por Hades y llevada al inframundo
12. Tipo de embarcación relacionada al descubrimiento de América
13. Nombre de una de las mejores playas peruanas para surfear
14. Uno de los antecesores del piano
15. Amigo de Robinson Crusoe
16. Estado de equilibrio interno de los seres vivos
17. Rama de las matemáticas que te permite recopilar, organizar y analizar datos
20. Plataforma, posiblemente ceremonial, que se encuentra en Choquequirao y en otros lugares habitados por los incas
23. Escribió “El origen de las especies”
24. Soporte de escritura similar al papel, de origen egipcio
26. Nombre con el que se designa al jefe de comida japonesa en los restaurantes
31. Cuerpo geométrico que tiene doce caras iguales en forma de pentágono
32. Famoso pintor ecuatoriano
34. Resultado de la sustracción
37. Inventor del piano: Bartolomeo…
39. Propiedad de los cuerpos que indica su nivel térmico
41. Paper disappears in the environment after some time because it is…
44. Proceso en el cual un imperio logra apropiarse del territorio y su población e impone sus creencias
45. Héroe griego que mató a la quimera
47. An auxiliary verb used to form negatives and interrogatives
48. Nombre de la tía de Tom Sawyer
49. Material de laboratorio hecho de vidrio
51. Apellido del otro Paco, en Paco Yunque
52. Hermanas de las gorgonas. Eran tres y compartían un solo ojo y un solo diente
53. País donde se creó el Lego
56. Hijos de españoles nacidos en América
58. Sinónimo de hambriento
60. Nombre de Van Gogh
64. Rey de Tesalia, casado con Pirra
65. Piedra de color verde esmeralda que adorna la copa del mundial de fútbol
66. Loza fina que fue inventada en China entre los siglos VII y VIII
68. Época en la que se inventó la viola
70. Material del que están hechos los wetsuits
75. Paso de sustancias de una zona de mayor concentración a otra de menor concentración
76. País donde se encuentra la sede de la FIFA.
77. Gas de la atmósfera que nos protege de la radiación ultravioleta
80. Nombre que se le da a la pelota de bádminton
82. Creación poética que consta de catorce versos divididos en cuatro estrofas
83. Conjunto de partes mecánicas del auto que se encargan de transmitir la potencia generada por el motor hasta las ruedas
84. Modalidad de combate deportivo del karate
86. Montaña más alta de la superficie de la Tierra
93. “Falcones reyes batallan en lejanías de oro____”
96. Tipo de energía que aprovecha el calor interno de la Tierra, y que se manifiesta a través de aguas termales o géiseres

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1. Ang nanay ni Romulus at Remonus.
4. Kapatagan sa tuktok ng isang bundok.
7. Malaking lugar sa isang kalawakan ng tubig.
10. Isang uri ng anyong lupa na naglalabas ng magma at lava.
12. Isang material sa paggawa ng mga gusali.
14. Ang pag-aaral sa mga diyos.
15. Ang heneral na kaibigan ni Alexander D. Great.
16. Ang bansang matatagpuan sa Hilagang-Silangang dulo ng dagat Mediterano.
18. Ang capital ng Greece.
21. Ito ay kilala sa mga sinaunang taga-Ehipto bilang Waset.
23. Ang Romanong diyos ng digmaan.
24. Kung saan naglaban ang mga Griyego at Persyano.
25. Warship vessel that was reverse engineered by the Romans
29. Ang tawag sa naatasang bumuo ng kodigo ng mga batas para mabasa ng mga tao sa Athens.
31. Isang mahabang ilog sa hilagang Italya na may sukat na 29km.
35. Isang mababang lugar sa pagitan ng nga burol.
37. Ang modernong yugto ng mga sinaunang tao.
41. Uri ng tao na higit na mas malakas kaysa sa modernong tao.
42. Tinataya na ito ang pinakamahabang ilog sa daigdig.
43. Ang pinaka-unang kabihasnan ng Mesopotanya.
45. Ang pangalawang pinakamalaking bansa sa mundo.
51. Ang pinakaunang imperyo sa mesopotanya.
52. Ito ay isang teorya na kung saan ay ang solar system ay nagmula sa Isang malaki, mainit, at umiikot na nebula.
53. Ang ika-lima at huling Emperador Romano ng dinastiyang Hulio-Claudian.
54. Isang malaking disyerto na matatagpuan sa China.
56. Ang tawag sa mga nakatira sa Achea.
60. Goddess of agriculture and fertility in Greece
61. Bansa na kilala sa tawag na “Land of Plenty”.
62. Teorya ng mga Anti Evolutionists
65. Libigan ng mga Pharaoh
66. Goddess of wisdom in Greece
68. Bansang nagmula ang mga popular na mga dinastiya.
69. Tawag sa mga maharlika sa Roma
70. Isang Griyegong pilosopo at estudyante ni Socrates.
73. Diyos ng paglikha sa Hindu.
76. Ang kapital ng bansang Italya.
77. Isang kasangkapan na ginamit nuon ng mga hittites upang matalo angmga kalaban nila.
80. Isang lahi ng tao kung saan ay matangos ang ilong at sila’y galling sa mga mediterranean countries.
83. Ang pangalawang pinaka mapulong bansa sa daigdig.
85. Isang agham panlipunan na nag-aaral at sumusuri sa mga yaman at kalakal.
87. Ang pangalawa sa pinakamalaking kontinente sa daigdig.
89. Sentrong pamahalaan ni Minos
91. Ang kapatid ni Remus na tagapagtatag sa Roma.
92. Mga manlalakbay at barbarong mananakop ng mga bansa sa Europa
93. Korea Ay diktador na bansa sa Asya.
94. Isang mayamang uri ng tao o pamilya.
96. Salitang Griego na nangangahulugang "Wisdom"
98. Isang uri ng alipin na napipilitang magbigay ng tiyak na bahagi ng ani, sapat upang mapakain ang mga tao.
99. Ang tawag sa kapanganakan ng isang paraon na namuno sa ika-apat na dinastiya ng Ehipto noong lumang kaharian.
100. Ang kapatid ni Romulus na tagapagtatag ng Roma.

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2. Saang bansa matatagpuan ang Red sea.
3. Isang pilosopiyang Tsino na pinagtatalunan kung totoo siya sa kasaysayan.
5. Ito ay tawag sa mga lalaking spartano.
6. Ang aklat ng mga kristiyano.
8. Isang popular na griyegong manunula at rapsodista na naglikha ng Illiad at Odyssey.
9. Ito ay pangalan ng isang pook na pang-arkeolohiya na nasa Hisarlik na nasa loob ng Anatolia.
11. Ay isang bansa sa Timog-Silangan ng Timog-Amerika.
13. Isang pinuno at manunulat ng mga Romano na nakakita ng kasaganaan at luho ng pamumuhay sa Carthege.
17. Isang hari ng Israel at ayon sa Koran, isang poeta, anak ni David at kilala bilang Sulayman o Sulaiman.
18. Rule of the rich and noble families
19. Isang makitid na piraso ng lupa na nagkokonekta sa dalawang mas.
20. Ang kalinangan sa pagitan ng paleolitiko at neolitiko.
22. Ang mambabatas na nagtagal ng pag-aalipin sa Greece.
23. Isang intisik na pilosopo na itinuturing bilang isa sa pinaka bantog na kumpusyano.
26. The greek word for "city"
27. Ang tagapangasiwa ng mga Hinduismo.
28. Isang hari ng lungsod estado ng Sparta sa sinaunang Gresya.
30. Ang pang-apat na persyanong hari ng imperyong Achaemenid.
32. Uri ng tao na nagmula sa Afrika na may pagkaitim na kulay.
33. Isang posisyon sa pisikal na espasyo na sumasakop sa ibabaw ng daigdig.
34. Ang pagpapalit ng pisikal na itsura ng isang material mula gas patungong tubig o likido.
36. Ang bumigkas ng “vedi, vedi, veci”
38. The principal of all gods in Mesopotamia
39. Nangangahulugang “dumating ako”.
40. Ang pinakamalaking kontinente sa buong daigdig/mundo.
44. Ito ay ang pinaka-mahalagang sa sinaunang italya noong bago dumating ang sinauang Romano.
46. Pinag-iikutan ng ating mundo kung kaya’t tayo ay nakakaranas ng araw at gabi.
47. Matatagpuan sa pagitan ng Europa, Asya at Aprika.
48. Isang mahaba, patag at malawak na anyong lupa.
49. Ang pinakamalamig na lugar sa daigdig.
50. Ang pag-aaral ng mga “fossil”
52. Isang lungsod sa Assyrian sa hilagang Mesopotanya.
55. Namumuno para protektahan ang mga mahihirap
57. Ang bansa na nais magsimula ng WW2.
58. Isang sunod-sunod na digmaang military na may kaugnayan sa relihiyon
59. Ang tawag sa pag-aaral sa isip ng tao.
63. Isang salitang Prances na nangangahulugang muling pagsilang
64. Ang ikalawang Emperadorng Roma mula sa pagkamatay ni augustus.
67. Labi ng uri ng tao na nakuha sa kuwebang Tabon.
71. Isang bahagi ng daigdig na pinagbuklod ng magakakatulad na katangiang pisikal at kultura.
72. Ang tinatawag na lupain ng mga sibilisadong hari sa Mesopotanya.
74. Ang tawag kay Augustus ng sya ay nagging isa sa mga hari ng 2nd Triumuirate.
75. Ang ama ng kasaysayan
78. Isang republika sa Hilagang-Silangang Aprika at maliit na bahagi ng Timog kanlurang Asya.
79. Ito ay isang malaking likas na daanang tubig.
81. Ito ay isang pangunahing mesopotamyang silangang semitiko na ay isang kaharian at imperyo ng sinaunang malapit na silangan.
82. Ang kinikilalalang maalamat na hari ng islang Crete.
84. Ang tangway na nagmula sa Timog Europa patungong Dagat Meditterean.
86. Ang pinakamalaki at pinakamatao sa mga islang Griyego.
88. Isang lungsod sa Laconia sa Peloponnese sa Greece.
90. Ang bansang nasa pangalawang pinaka puno ng populasyon sa buong mundo.
92. Isang mahalagang diyos ng Hindu at isang aspekto ng Trimurti.
95. Isang anyong tubig na daungan ng mga barko.
97. Ang matalik na kaibigan ni Julius na gustong ipapatay siya
99. Bahagi ng east Africa kung saan nakatira ang mga taga Lower Paleolitik na tao.

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3. When cultures blend together and create something new. This can be our trade is possible between colonizers and places they’ve colonized. 3idk
5. feelings and meaning people attach to a location it is what makes home home. 1idk
7. trends shared by lots of people Spreads quickly . This is an important term because pop culture goes on. We move on from trends super fast and what’s an old trend just kinda gets put in the dust and left and is a big waste of material materials. 3vit
8. planning sprawl and focus on efficient use of land public transportation. It is something that a lot of major cities are really, really bad at.
9. Computer system at stores and analysis data from Maps and this is how many geographers on their studies and to understand patterns. 1idk
12. is a major city that influences global economies and politics. A good example of this is New York City and it has Wall Street, which is a big economic street.
13. Is the environment controls what people can do but it’s a little bit outdated, and now it is based on the technology of access to 1cc
21. revolution it happened around 3500 BCE linked to agriculture foods surplus and people living in one place for for example Mesopotamia or the Nile river cities.
22. when educated or skilled people leave a country to live/work somewhere else. This can be your living in Canada but work in USA. 2idk
24. a company moving its operations to another country. This can be big corporations moving their US factories to Vietnam save cost. 7cc
26. is leaving too a different country. Is important because you may be doing something that people don’t like or you could be fleeing a war like the people of Ukraine. 2 Cc
27. revolution happened because of the industrial revolution and people moved to cities which caused cities to grow fast or the
28. is a new language that develops from mixing two or more languages. This is a step up from a pigeon language and is a better way to communicate with two different countries trading.3idk
29. giving companies tasks to another company. This can be Microsoft hiring a company in India to do all of it. Customer service calls.7cc
30. is a group with shared culture, language, or identity, an example of this would be Mexico, where they all celebrate the same culture have pretty much the same language
32. is the growing of crops and raising of animal for food, fiber or other products. This is very important because it’s something that America lacks as we import. A lot of our produce the only real one we don’t is corn and cattle.5vit
33. how a population is split by age (kids, adults, elderly). This is very important because you can have a push for children policies like China’s one child policy in a culturally favor males and have a lack of females, as well as as a lack of working adult adults for the next generation. 2vit

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1. is moving into. Is important because it adds different cultures to your country which may or may not be compatible with your current country and it also can mess up the balance between men and women. 2cc
2. making products for Mom materials like iron. Another ex is Ukraine turning wheat to bread7idk
4. is where it’s hot and rains all year with very little temperature change commonly with lots of biodiversity in dense forest. A good example of this would be the Amazon rainforest 5idk
6. the extraction of raw materials from earth. And is a way that the United States makes most of its money is from mining oil and selling it. 7idk
10. Explains how causes of death change over time as a country develops. Is important to know this because you could per chance change what is the most often killing thing because it could be little things like the Romans using lead pipes 2idk
11. is how people view/use different environments based on the technology they have. If you have more technology, the less your environment affects you.1cc
14. choke points are narrow, straight places that are in important for trade and transportation. This isn’t important, especially today with the blocking of the street of Homous, which is responsible for the export of 20% of the world‘s oil and because the street of Home is blocked the cost of petrol in oil has gone up.
15. spot exactly on earth, using longitude, latitude or lat long it is important to know your exact location because say you were lost and you needed to navigate somewhere I can help you with that 1vit
16. is a system in the United States to elect presidents people vote those votes decide electors, and the electors choose the presidents. It is important to know that it comes lots of debate if a presidential candidate wins big states that have a lot of population and don’t win as many little states therefore has more votes in Big states, but not a ton in others than they can still win based on electoral college votes, but not the popular vote in every single state.
17. it is hot all year with distinct wet and dry seasons, grasslands, and scattered trees. This is a place for you to see endangered species like zebra being killed because of a lack of water or shelter.5idk
18. Bring people together. This term is important because unity is important like national pride. 3cc
19. an energy source formed from ancient animals. It is something everybody relies on every day whether that’s for power for driving to and from places we use it.7idk
20. when a nation and a country equal the same thing an example of this is Japan they are a country and a nation because they all have the same language, culture and identity
23. Building and planning with environments in mind. Put solar panels on roofs of tall buildings in areas so you don’t have to use as much coal burned for electricity.
25. Push people apart in a country. It is important is commonly confused with scent tropical forces, which bring people together but instead this is what pushes them apart like different languages or political conflict kind of like what’s going on in the United States. 3cc
31. without synthetic chemicals, like fertilizers or pesticides, it is not genetically modified organism and is often eco-friendly. It is important that we know who uses this food because their local farmers that are struggling with the against Big organizations 5cc

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2. Melting powdered glass onto the metal
4. Purplish color that appears on a copper alloy such as sterling, signifying that cupric oxide has formed within the metal
7. Alloy of copper, zinc and nickel contains no silver although it is sometimes called German silver
10. Metal produced by combining two or more metals at the molecular level in their molten state
11. The result of the metal grain structure becoming more compact, therefore less malleable
12. A macabre form of religious jewelry that juxtaposed images of skeletons with youthful figures
13. A term used to measure precious stones
15. Soldering one piece of metal onto the surface of another
18. Culture that believes that gold holds the power of the sun
21. Shape or form showing no movement or action
23. Egyptian hieroglyphic sign for life
24. The point at which a chain or cord connects with a pendant
25. Time period known for mass produced, machine-like jewelry design
28. A piece of jewelry which is constructed out of a variety of base materials and covered with a thin layer of karat gold
29. Dipping a piece of heated metal into a container of water to cool it
34. A direct pouring of molten metal into a mold
35. Cylindrical form around which wire is wrapped or thin sheet metal is hammered
37. A piece of wax that holds a model in its correct position while making the mold
40. That which is beautiful and visually pleasing
43. The mechanized process to finish pieces of jewelry where polishing materials rotate in a tub for a period of time
44. Stiff bracelet you slip on the wrist through the opening that is not a complete circle
46. Unit used to measure gold
50. Type of balance where both sides of a design appear to be identical
51. Hardwood attached to your work surface to help support your metal as you pierce your design
54. Area that surrounds, and sometimes passes through a work of art called
56. A two-stage joining technique in which solder is flowed onto one piece, cooled, and then later attached with heat to a second piece
58. Having or representing animal forms
60. Compound used to neutralize pickle
62. The method of attaching two flat pieces of metal together by piercing them with a small length of wire, the ends of which are then flared to hold the layers together
63. The most malleable of all metals and is used throughout practically every culture
64. The file cuts on the _______ stroke
68. Water and acid dip used to clean scale, oxides, and flux from a workpiece after soldering or annealing
69. Sensuous lines that depict plant, insect and human forms
70. Skill in producing expertly finished products
71. Historical period where utilizing human hair was popular
72. A crown or headband worn to symbolize or indicate royalty or honor
73. A technique of working metal from the front using a tool with a rounded end so that the pattern is indented onto the surface
74. When placing your saw blade in the frame, the teeth should face out and ____
75. The earliest metal adornment come from this area
76. Tool that artists use to hold their preliminary ideas, drawings, and notes

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1. The most commonly used of the precious metals in jewelry making
3. A metal band or collar which holds a cabochon in place
5. As the gauge number increases, the metal gets __________
6. The construction of a piece of jewelry by sawing, forming, and soldering together sheet and/or wire metal
8. Tool that will form metal and neither mark nor stretch it
9. Versatile tool with a motor, electronic foot control, shaft, and handpiece that can be used to drill, grind, sand, carve, and buff
13. The metal that is most commonly used to create other alloyed metals
14. A ring that bears a family crest or other insignia that is used to stamp into melted wax to leave an impression
16. The final finishing stage in which a high luster is imparted to metal using rotating wheels or brushes
17. Culture is known for their abundant use of natural stones, such as turquoise, with silver being merely a vehicle to hold these stones
19. Line, rolled, and scored are types of _____ Forming
20. A convex-cut, unfaceted gem with a flat back
22. An elongated oval in which names of kings and queens appear in Egyptian hieroglyphics
26. The ancient culture has the MOST jewelry work that has survived to the present day
27. The term for a commercial or handmade fittings or fastener
30. Organic mold used by goldsmiths for centuries and provides a rich texture
31. Alloy of copper and zinc
32. Shapes or forms derived from living things
33. Used to contain and control a smaller benchtop fire
36. What kind of tongs should you use in the pickle to prevent contamination?
38. Mechanical, man-made shapes such as squares and circles
39. The things that are represented in a work of art such as people, buildings, and trees
41. The most common tool used to anneal metal for jewelry making
42. Tool that has a domed head with one flat circular end and will stretch, shape, and mark metal
45. Liquid or paste used to cover metals during heating to form a protective coat against oxygen
47. A cutting substance used with a polishing or rubbing action to produce a variety of surface qualities
48. A slender thread of ductile metal
49. Metal’s ability to be formed, hammered, pressed, or shaped without breaking
52. Technique that involves the use of acid (or electrolyte solution and current) and a resist
53. White metal that is easily used in casting due to its low melting point
55. Art that is an expression in pure design form and shows no representation of natural or human-made objects
57. The process of joining metal components by heating and flowing an alloy with a lower melting temperature into the seam
59. Heating metal to make it more malleable
61. A thin, broad piece of metal
65. Earliest form of the kilt pin and today’s safety pin
66. Round or oval piece of metal cut off of a coil or formed around a spindle, used to join other jewelry components
67. Tiny pieces of solder

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4. Urban Revolution The innovation of the city that occurred independently in six hearths is called the _______.
5. Class Also known as the urban elite, this consists of a group of decision makers and organizers who control resources, and often the lives, of others.
7. New mansions that are supersize and have a similar look are called _____.
10. A high point in a city on which impressive structures, especially religious buildings, were built is called a ______.
13. Communities Fenced-in neighborhoods with controlled access gates for people and automobiles are called _____.
14. An area with a relatively uniform land use such as an industrial zone or residential zone is called a ______.
17. Economy This is the economy that is not taxed and is not counted toward a country’s gross national income.
19. Village People were involved in agriculture, and lived at near-subsistence levels, producing just enough to get by in this pre-urban area
20. The role of a city in the larger, surrounding context is known as ______.
21. Cities These suburban downtowns that serve their new local economies are often located near key freeway intersections and are developed mainly around big regional shopping centers and restaurants, entertainment facilities, and even sports stadiums.
23. Zonation The division of the city into certain regions for certain purposes is called _____.
25. Stratification The presence of a social hierarchy is referred to as ______.
27. Unplanned developments of crude dwellings and shelters made mostly of scrap wood, iron, and pieces of cardboard that develop around cities are called _____.
29. In the context of the city, this entails transforming the central business district into an area attractive to residents and tourists alike.
31. The rehabilitation of houses in older neighborhoods is called _____.
32. The homes intended for suburban demolition are called _____.
35. City This is the urban area that is not suburban.
37. This was the first hearth of agriculture dating back to 3500 BCE. This is an urban hearth that is also known as the region of great cities or Fertile Crescent located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
39. City This is a country’s leading city, always disproportionately large and exceptionally expressive of national capacity and feeling.
40. An absolute location of a city, often chosen for its advantages in trade or defense, or as a center for religious practice is called a _____.
41. Rule This rule states that in a model urban hierarchy, the population of a city or town will inversely proportional to its rank in the hierarchy.
44. The focal point of Roman life that combines the Greek acropolis and agora is called the ______.
47. This is where financial institutions in the business of lending money identified what they considered to be risky neighborhoods in cities, often predominantly black neighborhoods, and refuse to offer loans to anyone purchasing a house in the neighborhood encircled by red lines on their maps.
48. This is the sixth urban hearth dating back to 900 BCE.

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1. Area An adjacent region to a city within which its influence is dominant is called a _____.
2. Sprawl This is unrestricted growth of housing, commercial developments, and roads over large expanses of land, with little concern for urban planning.
3. This is the fifth urban hearth with cities centered around religion dating back to 1100 BCE.
6. Sector The very poorest parts of cities that in extreme cases are not connected to regular city services and are controlled by gangs and drug lords are called the _____.
8. Primate cities in developing countries are called _____ when the city has a large population, a vast territorial extent, rapid in-migration, and a strained, inadequate infrastructure.
9. This is the process by which lands that were previously outside of the urban environment become urbanized, as people and businesses from the city move to these spaces.
11. Belt Phenomenon The movement of millions of Americans from northern and northeastern States to the South and Southwest is referred to as the _____.
12. Surplus An additional amount of food available due to advancements in technology and an increase in labor is called _____.
15. He Wei Valleys This is the fourth urban hearth located in present-day China dating back to 1500 BCE.
16. Cities ______ function at the global scale, beyond the reach of the state borders, functioning as the service centers of the world economy.
18. of Consumption Areas that encourage the consumptions of their products (goods and services) that are driven by the global media industry are called _____.
22. Zone Model Ernest Burgess’s model, that divides the city into five concentric zones (four concentric zones surrounding a CBD), defined by their function, is called the _____.
24. An agglomeration of people and buildings clustered together to serve as a center of politics, culture, and economics is called a ______.
26. Realtors would solicit white residents of the neighborhood to sell their homes under the guise that the neighborhood was going downhill because a black person or family had moved in, which lead to whites moving to the outlying suburbs from the city, in a practice called _____.
28. Hearth An area where agriculture and urbanization were not independently innovated, and where the adaptations of the practice or trait further diffused.
30. Urbanism Development, urban revitalization, and suburban reforms that create walkable neighborhoods with a diversity of housing and jobs.
31. Model Ernst Griffin and Larry Ford’s model of the South American city, that shows a blend of traditional elements of South American culture with the forces of globalization that are reshaping the urban scene, is called the _____.
33. The conditions that make change possible derive from dwelling together in a particular home place or space, and is known as _____.
34. Model T.G. McGee’s model that shows similar land-use patterns exhibited in medium-sized cities of Southeast Asia.
36. River Valley This is the second hearth of urbanization that is distinguished by the use of irrigation in order to urbanize dating back to 3200 BCE.
38. This is an open, public space that became the focus of commercial activity where Greeks debated, lectured, judged each other, planned military campaigns, and socialized.
42. An outlying, functionally uniform part of an urban area that is often adjacent to the central city is called a _____.
43. Laws The laws in which cities define areas of the city and designate the kinds of development allowed in each zone are called ______.
45. This is the built up space of the central city and suburbs.
46. River Valley This is the third urban hearth where agriculture probably diffused from the Fertile Crescent dating back to 2200 BCE.

Across

2. Harun al-Rashid sent an Indian _____________ named Abul-Abbas ("father of intelligence" in Arabic) as a gift to Charlemagne, King of the Franks and Emperor of the Carolingian Empire, in 802 / while Charlemagne was on campaign in Denmark, it most likely died from pneumonia after crossing the Rhine
4. (384-322 BCE) widely considered the "First Teacher" in the Islamic tradition / his purely rational understanding of the world influenced Ibn Rushd (1126-1198), an Andalusian polymath whose ideas profoundly influenced the development of scholasticism - the effort of medieval European philosophers to harmonize Christianity with this Greek philosopher's work / Muslim scholars used his ideas as a foundation for their own philosophical inquiries across various fields
6. Islamic banks established multiple branches that honored letters of credit known as _____________ - the root of the modern word check - drawn on the parent bank / merchants could draw letters of credits in one city and cash them in another
7. (750-1258 CE) third caliphate founded by a dynasty descended from the Prophet's uncle, Abbas, from whom it takes its name / overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate in 750 CE in a revolution that united diverse groups, including Persians and Shia, under the banner of restoring rule to the Prophet's family / presided over the Islamic Golden Age from the 8th century to the 13th century
9. a record of the sayings or deeds of the Prophet and his companions
11. the _____________ Empire emerged from the unification of several nomadic tribes on the Eurasian Steppe under the leadership of Temujin, aka Ghengis Khan, in 1206 / Hulegu, Ghengis Khan's grandson, sacked Baghdad and extinguished the Abbasid dynasty in 1258
12. dominant ethnic group during the Umayyad Caliphate that held privileged positions in government and military / the exclusion of Muslims from other ethnic groups, particularly Persians, contributed to the Abbasid Revolution, as the movement promised a more inclusive government
14. a collection of Middle Eastern folktales that include "Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp" and "Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves"
18. a special head tax levied on those who did not convert to Islam
19. this ancient Persian (Iranian) religion influenced the hadith and many beliefs and practices in Islam
21. (1058-1111) the most important of the early Sufi theologians / argued that human reason was too frail to understand the nature of Allah and hence could not explain the mysteries of the world / preached that only through devotion and guidance from the Quran could human beings begin to appreciate the uniqueness and power of Allah / held that philosophy and human reasoning were vain pursuits
22. the Arabs took this region from the Byzantine Empire during the invasion of 634-636 CE / the main power base of the Umayyads / Damascus is the capital of modern _____________
23. a profession held in high esteem by the Prophet since he himself was one
25. _____________ numerals were later called "Arabic" numerals by Europeans / enabled Muslim scholars to develop an impressive tradition of advanced mathematics and greatly aided in scientific discovery / Indian knowledge absorbed into Islamic scholarship
26. Baghdad is the capital of modern _____________, a country you should associate with ancient Mesopotamia - the "land btw. rivers' - and the "Cradle of Civilization"
30. (766-809 CE) fifth Abbasid caliph whose reign is regarded to be the beginning of the Islamic Golden Age / established the House of Wisdom - an intellectual center and one of the world's largest public libraries - in Baghdad / a central character in One Thousand and One Nights, where he is portrayed as a just and learned ruler

Down

1. historical region conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate between 632 and 654 CE when it defeated the Sasanian Empire, an Iranian empire that had ruled for just over four centuries after the Parthians / significantly influenced administrative practices of the Abbasid bureaucracy / where the Abbasid Revolution originated due to widespread discontent with Umayyad rule
3. "community of the faithful"
5. (632-661 CE) consisted of the first four successive caliphs / led the Muslim community from the death of the Prophet in 632 CE to the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate in 661 CE / characterized by rapid military expansion / unlike later caliphs, they were chosen by consensus among the Prophet's closest companions / 3/4 assassinated
6. the final prophet through whom Allah would reveal his message to mankind - Muhammad accepted the authority of the earlier Jewish and Christian prophets, including Abraham, Moses, and Jesus
8. ethnic group indigenous to the Maghreb region of North Africa / they made up the majority of the Muslim army that conquered the Iberian Peninsula by the 720s
10. traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century / began during the reign of Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid with the inauguration of the House of Wisdom, which saw scholars from all over the Muslim world flock to Baghdad to translate the world's classical knowledge into Arabic and Persian
13. (661-750 CE) second caliphate and also the first great Muslim dynasty / ruled over a vast multiethnic and multicultural population, though Christians still constituted a majority / constructed grand mosques and palaces from established Byzantine and Sasanian architectural traditions / continued the Muslim conquests before being toppled by the Abbasids in 750
15. developed by the 9th-century Persian mathematician Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (often referred to as the "father of _____________"), while he was working at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad
16. the most effective Islamic missionaries and practitioners of mystical Islam / most led pious and aesthetic lives / some devoted themselves to helping the poor / became increasingly popular after the ninth century because of their piety, devotion, and eagerness to minister
17. institutions of higher education that had become established in the major cities of the Islamic world by the twelfth century / Arabic word for "schools"
20. Islamic holy law that emerged centuries after Muhammad / offered detailed guidance on proper behavior in almost every aspect of life
24. dominant religion in regions like Egypt, Syria, and parts of North Africa before the Muslim conquests
27. capital of the Umayyad Caliphate and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world
28. Abbasid capital built from scratch in 762 CE along the Tigris / city evolved into a cultural and intellectual center of the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age / built around two large semicircles and known as the 'Round City', it was the largest city in the world during the 9th and 10th centuries / largely destroyed by the Mongols in 1258
29. Islamic Spain / its governors were Umayyads who refused to recognize the Abbasid dynasty - they ruled independent kingdoms called taifas / actively participated in the commercial life of the larger Islamic world / resisted European forces for centuries before the Reconquista, when Christian kingdoms gradually reclaimed territory on the Iberian Peninsula

Across

2. A dried herb with a woody stem and tiny leaves from an aromatic perennial evergreen, indigenous to the Mediterranean. May have first been cultivated in the Levant. Ancient Egyptians used it in embalming. Ancient Greeks used it in baths and as incense, believing it brought courage. Spread through Europe by the Romans who used it to purify their rooms and "give an aromatic flavor to cheese and liqueurs". In the European Middle Ages, the herb was placed beneath pillows to aid sleep and ward off nightmares. A common component of bouquet garni and herbes de Provence.
3. A bright green flowering plant native to the central and eastern Mediterranean. Believed to have originally been grown in Sardinia and cultivated around the 3rd century BCE. First cultivated in Britain in 1548, though literary evidence suggests it was used in England in the Middle Ages, as early as the Anglo-Saxon period. The name comes from a merger of Old English "petersilie" and Old French "peresil", via Latin, via a Greek word meaning "rock celery".
6. Made from the reddish covering or aril of the nutmeg seed. Similar to nutmeg in flavor but less sweet and more delicate. Dried pieces are flat, smooth, horn-like, and brittle, about 1-1/2" long.
9. Derived from the flower of a crocus, the stigma is dried as threads. Imparts a rich golden hue to dishes. Origin is unknown, though modern-day Iran, Greece, and Mesopotamia have all been suggested, as early as the Bronze Age. Detailed in a 7th century BCE Assyrian botanical list. The Romans carried this spice to Gaul and the spice returned to France in the 8th century CE with the Moors and again with the Avignon papacy in the 14th century CE.
10. Made from grinding a seed of a dark-leaved evergreen tree that produces a warm, slightly sweet taste.. First found in eastern Indonesia, the spice came to India in the 6th century CE, then further west to Constantinople. By the 13th century, Arab traders had pinpointed the origin of nutmeg to the Indonesian islands, but kept this location a secret from European traders.
12. Another perennial herb, the French variety is one of the four "fines herbs" used in cooking. Has a flavor and odor profile reminiscent of anise. The French variety is sterile and can't be grown from seeds. It is grown by root division.
13. Greenish-grey leaves of a perennial evergreen shrub and a member of the mint family with a savory slightly peppery flavor. Native to the Mediterranean, the Romans referred to it as the "holy herb" and employed it in religious rituals. Charlemagne recommended the plant for cultivation in the early Middle Ages. Has long had a reputation for healing properties. "Le Menagier de Paris" (1393), in addition to recommending it in a cold soup and a sauce for poultry, recommends infusion of the leaves for washing hands at table.

Down

1. The fruit of a perennial woody flowering vine originally native to South or Southeast Asia. Known in Indian cooking since at least 2000 BCE. So valuable that it was used as collateral or currency in postclassical Europe. Alaric, king of the Visigoths, included 3,000 pounds of pepper as part of the ransom he demanded from Rome when he besieged the city in the fifth century. Its exorbitant price during the Middle Ages – and the monopoly on the trade held by Italy – was one of the inducements that led the Portuguese to seek a sea route to India.
4. Needles from an aromatic shrub native to the Mediterranean. First mentioned in a cuneiform stone tablet circa 5000 BCE. Its first appearance in England is unknown, though probably brought with the Romans when they invaded in the 1st century. The first recorded instance is credited to Charlemagne in the 8th century CE when he ordered it grown in monastic gardens and farms. Found in most herbal texts by the 14th century and widely used for culinary and medicinal purposes.
5. Aromatic flower buds of a tree. The word in this form first found in English in the 15th century CE from the Latin "clavus" meaning nail. Originally only found on the "Spice Islands" in eastern Indonesia, they have been found in a burned house in Syria dated to 1720 BCE and reached Rome in the 1st century CE.
7. A perennial herb with sweet pine and citrus flavors. Indigenous to the Mediterranean, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Levant. Known to the ancient Greeks and Romans as a symbol of happiness. The Greeks believed it was created by Aphrodite and the Romans believed increased lifespan. Used by Hippocrates as an antiseptic.
8. Inner bark from several tree species with a strong, spicy flavor. The word has been in English since the 15th century. Early Modern English used the word "canel", derived from the Latin for "tube". Imported to Egypt as early as 2000 BCE. The first Greek reference is in a poem by Sappho in the 7th century BCE. According to Pliny the Elder, a Roman pound's worth (11.5 oz) cost up to 1,500 denarii, the wage of fifty months' labour
11. The rootstalk of a flowering plant. First found in English in the mid-14th century and in Old English before that. Originally from Maritime Southeast Asia. A cultigen, meaning it has been deliberately bred and did not exist in a wild state. After making its way to India, it was written about in China as early as 475 BCE. it was carried by traders into the Middle East and Mediterranean by the 1st century CE. In 14th century England, a pound of this root cost as much as a sheep.

Across

1. fango fertile che rimaneva sul suolo terminata la stagione delle piogge e fertilizzava il terremo

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Across

2. - a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.
4. - the branch of government that interprets the laws and administers justice.
5. - the later part of the Stone Age when ground or polished stone weapons and implements prevailed.
7. - the process of concentrating on and becoming expert in a particular subject or skill.
9. - an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest.
11. - an official in a government department, in particular one perceived as being concerned with procedural correctness at the expense of people's needs.
12. - the activity of setting up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit.
14. - a group of people, especially traders or pilgrims, traveling together across a desert in Asia or North Africa.
16. - a monumental structure with a square or triangular base and four triangular faces meeting at a point.
18. - a map that shows the physical features of an area, such as mountains, rivers, and lakes.
20. - a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze.
22. - a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced.
23. - a particular attitude or way of considering a matter.
26. - the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator.
28. - a ruler in ancient Egypt.
35. - the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarding collectively.
38. - a triangular tract of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river, typically where it diverges into several outlets.
39. - the four main points on a compass: north, south, east, and west.
40. - an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority.
41. - the ratio of the distance on a map to the corresponding distance on the ground.
42. - a long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic.
46. - the state of being in short supply.
51. - a gum, spice, or other substance that is burned for the sweet smell it produces.
54. - an expert in or student of astronomy.
55. - the amount of a commodity, product, or service available.
56. - the branch of science concerned with the fossilized remains of animals and plants.
58. - a glacial episode during a past geological period.
61. - inclination or prejudice for or against one person or group, especially in a way considered to be unfair.
63. - a line of hereditary rulers of a country.
64. - a person who copies out documents, especially one employed to do this before printing was invented.
68. - an economic system based on customs, history, and time-honored beliefs.
69. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is reserved for government entities in the United States.
70. - enigmatic or incomprehensible symbols or writing.
71. - the address of a web page on the internet.
72. powers - an act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies.
74. - the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a given price.
76. - the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.
79. - the organized growing of food on a regular schedule.
81. - the branch of government that enforces the laws.
83. - the angular distance of a place east or west of the meridian at Greenwich, England.
84. - a map that shows governmental boundaries of countries, states, and other administrative areas.
85. - a grassy plain in tropical and subtropical regions, with few trees.
86. - tame (an animal) and keep it as a pet or on a farm.
87. - the supply of water to land or crops to help growth, typically by means of channels.
88. - a map designed to convey specific information about a particular topic.

Down

1. - a material prepared in ancient Egypt from the pithy stem of a water plant, used in sheets throughout the ancient Mediterranean world for writing.
3. - a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
6. - a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.
8. - an original source that provides direct evidence on a subject.
10. - a system where people elect individuals to represent them in the decision-making process.
13. - the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.
15. - relating to or characteristic of a scholar; learned, academic, or theoretical.
16. - to take someone else's work or ideas and pass them off as one's own.
17. - a member of a people having no permanent abode and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock.
19. - half of a sphere, especially the earth.
21. - the study of human societies and cultures and their development.
24. - a form of government with a monarch at the head.
25. - an act, statement, or gift that is intended to show gratitude, respect, or admiration.
27. - a long poem, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures.
29. - an economy in which production, investment, prices, and incomes are determined by a government.
30. - denoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit.
31. - a large waterfall.
32. - a judgment or decision reached by reasoning.
33. - exchange goods or services for other goods or services without using money.
34. - the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen.
36. - a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.
37. - a rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple.
43. - the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form.
44. - the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
45. - a source that interprets or analyzes an event, time period, or phenomenon.
47. - relating to the early phase of the Stone Age, lasting about 2.5 million years, when primitive stone implements were used.
48. - the movement of people or animals from one place to another.
49. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is reserved for educational institutions.
50. - a means of representing or delineating something.
52. - a principal administrative division of certain countries or empires.
53. - the branch of government that makes the laws.
55. - a place regarded as holy because of its associations with a divinity or a sacred person or relic.
57. - send goods or services to another country for sale.
59. - counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated.
60. - the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of artifacts and physical remains.
62. - fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment.
65. - the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising.
66. - a thematic map in which areas are shaded or patterned in proportion to the value of a variable.
67. - bring goods or services into a country from abroad for sale.
69. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is commonly used by non-profit organizations.
73. - the belief in or worship of more than one god.
75. - preserve (a corpse) from decay, originally with spices and now with chemicals.
77. - a qualification, achievement, personal quality, or aspect of a person's background, typically when used to indicate that they are suitable for something.
78. - an amount of something left over when requirements have been met.
80. - a type of cloth or woven fabric.
82. - a city that is the seat of government; an amount of money or assets used to start or develop a business.

Across

1. - a map that shows the physical features of an area, such as mountains, rivers, and lakes.
6. - enigmatic or incomprehensible symbols or writing.
7. - half of a sphere, especially the earth.
11. - a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze.
13. - the angular distance of a place east or west of the meridian at Greenwich, England.
14. - an act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies.
15. - the later part of the Stone Age when ground or polished stone weapons and implements prevailed.
16. - to take someone else's work or ideas and pass them off as one's own.
18. - the movement of people or animals from one place to another.
20. - fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment.
22. - an economic system based on customs, history, and time-honored beliefs.
23. - a triangular tract of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river, typically where it diverges into several outlets.
25. - an original source that provides direct evidence on a subject.
26. - a thematic map in which areas are shaded or patterned in proportion to the value of a variable.
27. - relating to the early phase of the Stone Age, lasting about 2.5 million years, when primitive stone implements were used.
30. - a gum, spice, or other substance that is burned for the sweet smell it produces.
31. - a ruler in ancient Egypt.
35. - inclination or prejudice for or against one person or group, especially in a way considered to be unfair.
39. - a system where people elect individuals to represent them in the decision-making process.
41. - the address of a web page on the internet.
42. - a place regarded as holy because of its associations with a divinity or a sacred person or relic.
43. - a map that shows governmental boundaries of countries, states, and other administrative areas.
47. - a long poem, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures.
50. - an official in a government department, in particular one perceived as being concerned with procedural correctness at the expense of people's needs.
51. - a city that is the seat of government; an amount of money or assets used to start or develop a business.
52. - the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
54. - the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising.
55. - the branch of government that makes the laws.
57. - an act, statement, or gift that is intended to show gratitude, respect, or admiration.
63. - a source that interprets or analyzes an event, time period, or phenomenon.
67. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is reserved for government entities in the United States.
69. - a judgment or decision reached by reasoning.
70. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is commonly used by non-profit organizations.
72. - the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarding collectively.
75. - a glacial episode during a past geological period.
76. - the organized growing of food on a regular schedule.
83. - the branch of government that interprets the laws and administers justice.
84. - a line of hereditary rulers of a country.
85. - a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.
86. - counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated.
87. - the ratio of the distance on a map to the corresponding distance on the ground.

Down

2. - the process of concentrating on and becoming expert in a particular subject or skill.
3. - a monumental structure with a square or triangular base and four triangular faces meeting at a point.
4. - the study of human societies and cultures and their development.
5. - a principal administrative division of certain countries or empires.
8. - a person who copies out documents, especially one employed to do this before printing was invented.
9. - a rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple.
10. - the belief in or worship of more than one god.
12. - a form of government with a monarch at the head.
17. - the activity of setting up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit.
19. - the branch of science concerned with the fossilized remains of animals and plants.
20. - an amount of something left over when requirements have been met.
21. - the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator.
24. - the branch of government that enforces the laws.
26. - the four main points on a compass: north, south, east, and west.
28. - send goods or services to another country for sale.
29. - denoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit.
32. - preserve (a corpse) from decay, originally with spices and now with chemicals.
33. - the amount of a commodity, product, or service available.
34. - a qualification, achievement, personal quality, or aspect of a person's background, typically when used to indicate that they are suitable for something.
36. - the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form.
37. - a means of representing or delineating something.
38. - a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced.
40. - a member of a people having no permanent abode and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock.
43. - a material prepared in ancient Egypt from the pithy stem of a water plant, used in sheets throughout the ancient Mediterranean world for writing.
44. - bring goods or services into a country from abroad for sale.
45. - relating to or characteristic of a scholar; learned, academic, or theoretical.
46. - an economy in which production, investment, prices, and incomes are determined by a government.
48. - a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
49. - the supply of water to land or crops to help growth, typically by means of channels.
53. - the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of artifacts and physical remains.
56. - a type of cloth or woven fabric.
57. - the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.
58. - the state of being in short supply.
59. - the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.
60. - a particular attitude or way of considering a matter.
61. - a long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic.
62. - a map designed to convey specific information about a particular topic.
64. - exchange goods or services for other goods or services without using money.
65. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is reserved for educational institutions.
66. - the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen.
68. - tame (an animal) and keep it as a pet or on a farm.
71. - an expert in or student of astronomy.
73. - a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.
74. - a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.
77. - an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority.
78. - an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest.
79. - a group of people, especially traders or pilgrims, traveling together across a desert in Asia or North Africa.
80. - the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a given price.
81. - a large waterfall.
82. - a grassy plain in tropical and subtropical regions, with few trees.

Across

1. ciudad donde se hicieron los primeros trabajos de ingenieria
3. espacio que protege al acero dentro del concreto
7. edificios de gran altura
13. sistema construcción en el que el diseño del proyecto y la ejecución se realizan de manera casi paralela
15. carrera que elabora diferentes tipos de estructuras
17. propiedad tecnológica de un material que se puede deformar plásticamente sin romperse
20. estimación de cuánto costará realizar un proyecto de construcción
21. construyeron la ciudad de tenochtitlán
22. material que reduce la tubería de entrada, a una tubería con menor medida en su salida
25. estructura que sirve para desviar el agua hacia los canales
26. tipo de concreto que se prepara en planta o en camiones mezcladores, para después ser transportado a la obra
27. superestructura que se apoya sobre la sub-base de una carretera
28. herramienta que complementa el trabajo de la estación total
34. estructura que protege el talud del rio cuando el caudal aumenta
35. propiedad que hace posible que el concreto soporte la carga que va a ir encima de él
36. certificado que se les da a edificios sostenibles
38. Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales
42. es el representante técnico del Contratista en la obra y es el encargado de la planificación, ejecución de la obra y de las actividades de control
43. instrumento que proporciona la ubicación global para iniciar un levantamiento topografico
45. rama de la geologia que se usa en la ingenieria civil
46. son subestructuras profundas
48. proceso de cuantificación o cálculo por partidas de la cantidad a ejecutar
50. material que esta dentro del concreto armado
51. vaciado de concreto pobre que protege a las zapatas
54. propiedad física que mide el peso por unidad de volumen de un material.
58. normas en las que se basaron para la clasificación del cemento
60. Certificado de Inexistencia de Restos Arqueológicos
61. norma que clasifica a los hospitales
63. proceso que se caracteriza por la pérdida de las propiedades del acero
64. tipo de concreto que tiene armadura de refuerzo para obtener mayor resistencia en las edificaciones
67. estructura provisional para realizar trabajos en altura
72. propiedad mecánica que hace que los materiales sufran deformaciones reversibles por la acción de las fuerzas exteriores que actúan sobre ellos
74. es el cambio significativo de un parametro ambiental en un periodo especifico y en un area definida como resultado de una actividad particular
77. material que se usa para el curado del concreto
80. cuidad que descubrió el cemento
81. tipo de carga que considera el peso de los objetos movibles y personas
85. instituto regional de oftalmología
87. Determina la granulometría del suelo
88. camión utilizado para transportar concreto premezclado desde la planta hasta el sitio del proyecto
90. material permite que el cemento desarrolle su capacidad ligante
92. ciencia geográfica que estudia el agua, su ocurrencia, distribución, circulación, y propiedades físicas, químicas y mecánicas en los océanos, atmósfera y superficie terrestre
93. estructura que permite evacuar en forma organizada los excesos de agua durante crecientes, evitando una excesiva elevación del nivel máximo del agua en el embalse
94. famoso ingeniero florentino
95. energía que aprovecha el movimiento del agua para generar energía
96. sirve para la estabilización de taludes
97. Guía de los fundamentos para la dirección de proyectos
98. estructura que tiene la función de conducir el agua desde la captación hasta el campo

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2. ciudadela peruana considerada como una de las 7 maravillas del mundo
4. tipo de instalación que usa tuberías para la conducir el cableado eléctrico
5. herramienta para ubicar el norte
6. mezcla homogénea de cemento, agua, arena y grava y en algunos casos de aditivos
8. ciencia fundad por Karl von Terzaghi
9. equipo usado en la topografía para hacer levantamientos y replanteo
10. etapa del ciclo geologico que forma relieves
11. tipo de concreto que no tiene armadura de refuerzo
12. rama de la geología que me da la capacidad portante del suelo
14. Las fuerzas externas actúan tratando de "estirar" el cuerpo, intentando producir un alargamiento del mismo
16. característica del concreto con la que puede ser mezclado, manejado, transportado, colocado, compactado y terminado sin que pierda su homogeneidad
18. Las fuerzas externas tratan de "comprimir" el cuerpo, actuando hacia el interior del mismo en la misma dirección y sentidos contrarios.
19. aglutinante que se mescla con agregados finos, gruesos, gravilla, etc
23. tipo de ensayo que no altera las propiedades de un material
24. herramienta para trasladar materiales en una obra pequeña
29. tipo de carga que se refiere al peso de los elementos estructurales
30. Mezcladora de concreto diseñada para obras de construcción pequeñas
31. tipo de esfuerzo que presenta un elemento estructural alargado en una dirección perpendicular a su eje longitudinal
32. técnica para moldear el concreto por medio de madera
33. diseño la piramide escalonada de Saqqara
37. elementos de protección personal
39. tipo de concreto que se puede colar y consolidar por su propio peso, desplazándose en el interior de todo el encofrado
40. Camino para el tránsito de vehículos motorizados de por lo menos dos ejes
41. ciencia que estudia la estructura de la Tierra y las rocas
43. rama de la geología que estudia las propiedades físicas de la Tierra
44. software que representa superficies, traza alineamientos, saca perfiles y secciones
47. software comercial que se basa en el Método de los Elementos Finitos
49. proceso para crear una representación tridimensional de un proyecto de construcción propuesto
52. sistema de construcción que reduce esfuerzos, tiempo y materiales innecesarios
53. Es la representación matemática de la estructura de costos de un presupuesto y está constituida por la sumatoria de monomios
55. programa para costos y presupuestos desarrollado por peruanos
56. la torre de pisa esta
57. es una metodología de trabajo colaborativa para la creación y gestión de un proyecto de construcción.
59. esfuerzo circular que se da en un elemento, cuando se aplica sobre este un momento torsor alrededor del eje
62. gestión de riesgos en materia de seguridad y salud ocupacional
65. capacidad del concreto para resistir acciones físicas, químicas, biológicas y climáticas
66. herramienta que complementa el trabajo de un nivel de ingeniero
68. propiedad física que determina la capacidad de un material para acumular calor
69. tipo de instalación que usa tuberías con respecto a agua fría, caliente, desagües, etc
70. rama de la ingeniería civil que se ocupa de la proyección y ejecución de obras relacionadas con el agua
71. superficie inclinada en terreno o elementos de concreto
72. ingeniería que se encarga del cálculo y diseño de un proyecto
73. elemento vertical que es una superestructura
75. construida por por Alexandre Gustave Eiffel
76. presa ubicada sobre el rio de parana
78. Propiedad tecnológica de un material de unirse a través de un proceso de soldadura sin presentar daños.
79. tipo de ensayo que altera las propiedades de un material
82. determina las posiciones de puntos, calcula superficies, volúmenes y la representación de medidas tomadas en el campo
83. Sitio de donde se sacan rocas industriales, ornamentales o áridos
84. material de plastico resistente que sirve para el cambio de direccion con un angulo de 90°
86. estructura hidráulica de contención que permite conseguir niveles de inundación previstos, el embalsamiento de las aguas y la estabilización de cauces
89. material que sirve para la construcción de muros
91. tipo de concreto simple pero compuesto por grandes piedras o bloques y no contiene armadura

Across

3. - the activity of setting up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit.
7. - a rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple.
8. - a long poem, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures.
11. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is reserved for educational institutions.
13. - a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze.
14. - a long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic.
15. - denoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit.
18. - a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced.
21. - an original source that provides direct evidence on a subject.
25. - the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
26. - a large waterfall.
27. - the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising.
28. - a source that interprets or analyzes an event, time period, or phenomenon.
30. - a judgment or decision reached by reasoning.
32. - a grassy plain in tropical and subtropical regions, with few trees.
33. - exchange goods or services for other goods or services without using money.
34. - a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
35. - the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form.
36. - the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of artifacts and physical remains.
38. - a map that shows the physical features of an area, such as mountains, rivers, and lakes.
40. - the amount of a commodity, product, or service available.
41. - to take someone else's work or ideas and pass them off as one's own.
46. - an official in a government department, in particular one perceived as being concerned with procedural correctness at the expense of people's needs.
47. - a glacial episode during a past geological period.
48. - the branch of government that interprets the laws and administers justice.
51. - the study of human societies and cultures and their development.
55. - a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.
56. - a means of representing or delineating something.
58. - the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarding collectively.
59. - a system where people elect individuals to represent them in the decision-making process.
61. - a form of government with a monarch at the head.
63. - an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest.
64. - a type of cloth or woven fabric.
66. - a line of hereditary rulers of a country.
67. - a ruler in ancient Egypt.
69. - a triangular tract of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river, typically where it diverges into several outlets.
70. - an economy in which production, investment, prices, and incomes are determined by a government.
72. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is commonly used by non-profit organizations.
73. - the belief in or worship of more than one god.
74. - the address of a web page on the internet.
75. - an economic system based on customs, history, and time-honored beliefs.
78. - a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.
79. - a group of people, especially traders or pilgrims, traveling together across a desert in Asia or North Africa.
81. - a map that shows governmental boundaries of countries, states, and other administrative areas.
83. - relating to or characteristic of a scholar; learned, academic, or theoretical.
84. - an amount of something left over when requirements have been met.
85. - the organized growing of food on a regular schedule.
86. - the process of concentrating on and becoming expert in a particular subject or skill.
87. - relating to the early phase of the Stone Age, lasting about 2.5 million years, when primitive stone implements were used.
88. - the later part of the Stone Age when ground or polished stone weapons and implements prevailed.

Down

1. - the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a given price.
2. - counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated.
4. - the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.
5. - enigmatic or incomprehensible symbols or writing.
6. - preserve (a corpse) from decay, originally with spices and now with chemicals.
9. - a principal administrative division of certain countries or empires.
10. - a qualification, achievement, personal quality, or aspect of a person's background, typically when used to indicate that they are suitable for something.
12. - bring goods or services into a country from abroad for sale.
16. - an act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies.
17. - the movement of people or animals from one place to another.
19. - the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen.
20. - an act, statement, or gift that is intended to show gratitude, respect, or admiration.
22. - an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority.
23. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is reserved for government entities in the United States.
24. - inclination or prejudice for or against one person or group, especially in a way considered to be unfair.
29. - a thematic map in which areas are shaded or patterned in proportion to the value of a variable.
31. - the supply of water to land or crops to help growth, typically by means of channels.
34. - the ratio of the distance on a map to the corresponding distance on the ground.
37. - send goods or services to another country for sale.
39. - half of a sphere, especially the earth.
42. - the branch of government that enforces the laws.
43. - the state of being in short supply.
44. - a person who copies out documents, especially one employed to do this before printing was invented.
45. - a place regarded as holy because of its associations with a divinity or a sacred person or relic.
49. - tame (an animal) and keep it as a pet or on a farm.
50. - the angular distance of a place east or west of the meridian at Greenwich, England.
52. - a monumental structure with a square or triangular base and four triangular faces meeting at a point.
53. - the branch of government that makes the laws.
54. - a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.
55. - the four main points on a compass: north, south, east, and west.
57. - the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.
60. - the branch of science concerned with the fossilized remains of animals and plants.
62. - a map designed to convey specific information about a particular topic.
65. - a gum, spice, or other substance that is burned for the sweet smell it produces.
67. - a material prepared in ancient Egypt from the pithy stem of a water plant, used in sheets throughout the ancient Mediterranean world for writing.
68. - a particular attitude or way of considering a matter.
71. - fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment.
76. - an expert in or student of astronomy.
77. - a member of a people having no permanent abode and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock.
80. - a city that is the seat of government; an amount of money or assets used to start or develop a business.
82. - the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator.

Across

2. Computer system at stores and analysis data from Maps and this is how many geographers on their studies and to understand patterns. 1idk
5. planning sprawl and focus on efficient use of land public transportation. It is something that a lot of major cities are really, really bad at. Cc6
7. revolution happened because of the industrial revolution and people moved to cities which caused cities to grow fast or the ibk6
9. is leaving too a different country. Is important because you may be doing something that people don’t like or you could be fleeing a war like the people of Ukraine. 2 Cc
11. spot exactly on earth, using longitude, latitude or lat long it is important to know your exact location because say you were lost and you needed to navigate somewhere I can help you with that 1vit
12. making products for Mom materials like iron. Another ex is Ukraine turning wheat to bread.idk7
13. without synthetic chemicals, like fertilizers or pesticides, it is not genetically modified organism and is often eco-friendly. It is important that we know who uses this food because their local farmers that are struggling with the against Big organizations 5cc
14. is a new language that develops from mixing two or more languages. This is a step up from a pigeon language and is a better way to communicate with two different countries trading.idk3
16. it is hot all year with distinct wet and dry seasons, grasslands, and scattered trees. This is a place for you to see endangered species like zebra being killed because of a lack of water or shelter.5idk
18. is the growing of crops and raising of animal for food, fiber or other products. This is very important because it’s something that America lacks as we import. A lot of our produce the only real one we don’t is corn and cattle.5vit
20. Push people apart in a country. It is important is commonly confused with scent tropical forces, which bring people together but instead this is what pushes them apart like different languages or political conflict kind of like what’s going on in the United States. 3cc
22. is a major city that influences global economies and politics. A good example of this is New York City and it has Wall Street, which is a big economic street. VIT 6
24. when a nation and a country equal the same thing an example of this is Japan they are a country and a nation because they all have the same language, culture and identity cc4
29. feelings and meaning people attach to a location it is what makes home home. 1idk
30. a company moving its operations to another country. This can be big corporations moving their US factories to Vietnam save cost.cc7
31. choke points are narrow, straight places that are in important for trade and transportation. This isn’t important, especially today with the blocking of the street of Homous, which is responsible for the export of 20% of the world‘s oil and because the street of Home is blocked the cost of petrol in oil has gone up. 4VIT
32. Building and planning with environments in mind. Put solar panels on roofs of tall buildings in areas so you don’t have to use as much coal burned for electricity. Cc6
34. is where it’s hot and rains all year with very little temperature change commonly with lots of biodiversity in dense forest. A good example of this would be the Amazon rainforest 5idk
35. trends shared by lots of people Spreads quickly . This is an important term because pop culture goes on. We move on from trends super fast and what’s an old trend just kinda gets put in the dust and left and is a big waste of material materials. 3vit

Down

1. is a group with shared culture, language, or identity, an example of this would be Mexico, where they all celebrate the same culture have pretty much the same language cc4
3. Is the environment controls what people can do but it’s a little bit outdated, and now it is based on the technology of access to 1cc
4. an energy source formed from ancient animals. It is something everybody relies on every day whether that’s for power for driving to and from places we use it. Vit7
6. giving companies tasks to another company. This can be Microsoft hiring a company in India to do all of it. Customer service calls.cc7
8. Explains how causes of death change over time as a country develops. Is important to know this because you could per chance change what is the most often killing thing because it could be little things like the Romans using lead pipes 2idk
10. is a system in the United States to elect presidents people vote those votes decide electors, and the electors choose the presidents. It is important to know that it comes lots of debate if a presidential candidate wins big states that have a lot of population and don’t win as many little states therefore has more votes in Big states, but not a ton in others than they can still win based on electoral college votes, but not the popular vote in every single state.4 idk
15. when educated or skilled people leave a country to live/work somewhere else. This can be your living in Canada but work in USA. 2idk
17. is how people view/use different environments based on the technology they have. If you have more technology, the less your environment affects you.1cc
19. is a crop altered in a lab for certain traits. This can be pest resistant, corn or bigger and fatter strawberries an increased yield is often the outcome of these. 5cc
21. a country located between two powerful or rival countries. That is Berlin because of the USSR. Idk4
23. When cultures blend together and create something new. This can be our trade is possible between colonizers and places they’ve colonized. 3idk
25. is moving into Is important because it adds different cultures to your country which may or may not be compatible with your current country and it also can mess up the balance between men and women. 2cc
26. how a population is split by age (kids, adults, elderly). This is very important because you can have a push for children policies like China’s one child policy in a culturally favor males and have a lack of females, as well as as a lack of working adult adults for the next generation. 2vit
27. Bring people together. This term is important because unity is important like national pride. 3cc
28. revolution it happened around 3500 BCE linked to agriculture foods surplus and people living in one place for for example Mesopotamia or the Nile river cities. Idk6
33. the extraction of raw materials from earth. And is a way that the United States makes most of its money is from mining oil and selling it. Idk7

Across

3. The possibility of change that results from people living together in cities.
7. The urban area that is not suburban; generally, the older or original city that is surrounded by newer suburbs.
11. The internal physical attributes of a place, including its absolute location, its spatial character and physical setting.
12. The rehabilitation of deteriorated, often abandoned, housing of low‐income inner‐city residents.
14. A relatively small, egalitarian village, where most of the population was involved in agriculture. Starting over 10,000 years ago, people began to cluster in agricultural villages as they stayed in one place to tend their crops.
16. One of two components, together with social stratification, that enable the formation of cities; agricultural production in excess of that which the producer needs for his or her own sustenance and that of his or her family and which is then sold for consumption by others.
18. The transformation of an area of a city into an area attractive to residents and tourists alike in terms of economic activity.
19. The very poorest parts of cities that in extreme cases are not even connected to regular city services and are controlled by gangs or drug lords.
20. Unrestricted growth in many American urban areas of housing, commercial development, and roads over large expanses of land, with little concern for urban planning.
22. Areas of a city, the main purpose of which is to encourage people to consume goods and services; driven primarily by the global media industry.
23. The innovation of the city, which occurred independently in five separate hearths.
25. The entire built‐up, nonrural area and its population, including the most recently constructed suburban appendages. Provides a better picture of the dimensions and population of such an area than the delimited municipality (central city) that forms its heart.
28. Area of a city with a relatively uniform land use (e.g. an industrial zone, or a residential zone).
29. One of two components, together with agricultural surplus, which enables the formation of cities; the differentiation of society into classes based on wealth, power, production, and prestige.
35. The movement of millions of Americans from northern and northeastern States to the South and Southwest regions (Sunbelt) of the United States.
39. In ancient Greece, public spaces where citizens debated, lectured, judged each other, planned military campaigns, socialized, and traded.
40. The downtown heart of a central city, marked by high land values, a concentration of business and commerce, and the clustering of the tallest buildings.
41. In the context of local cultures or customs, the accuracy with which a single stereotypical or typecast image or experience conveys an otherwise dynamic and complex local culture or its customs.
42. Chronologically, the third urban hearth, dating to 2200 BCE.
43. an early adopter of a cultural practice or trait that becomes a central locale from which the practice or trait further diffuses.

Down

1. Region of great cities (e.g. Ur and Babylon) located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers; chronologically the first urban hearth, dating to 3500 BCE, and which was founded in the Fertile Crescent.
2. Rapid change in the racial composition of residential blocks in American cities that occurs when real estate agents and others stir up fears of neighborhood decline after encouraging people of color to move to previously white neighborhoods. In the resulting outmigration, real estate agents profit through the turnover of properties.
4. Chronologically the fifth urban hearth, dating to 200 BCE.
5. holds that in a model urban hierarchy, the population of a city or town will be inversely proportional to its rank in the hierarchy.
6. Homes referred to as such because of their “super size” and similarity in appearance to other such homes; homes often built in place of tear‐downs in American suburbs.
8. cities with 10 million or more residents.
9. Unplanned slum development on the margins of cities, dominated by crude dwellings and shelters made mostly of scrap wood, iron, and even pieces of cardboard.
10. Group of decision‐makers and organizers in early cities who controlled the resources, and often the lives, of others.
13. Chronologically, the fourth urban hearth
15. Homes bought in many American suburbs with the intent of tearing them down and replacing them with much larger homes often referred to as McMansions.
17. The study of the physical form and structure of urban places.
21. Literally “high point of the city.” The upper fortified part of an ancient Greek city, usually devoted to religious purposes.
23. The focal point of ancient Roman life combining the functions of the ancient Greek acropolis and agora.
24. Outlined by a group of architects, urban planners, and developers from over 20 countries, an urban design that calls for development, urban revitalization, and suburban reforms that create walkable neighborhoods with a diversity of housing and jobs.
26. The division of a city into different regions or zones (e.g. residential or industrial) for certain purposes or functions (e.g. housing or manufacturing).
27. Restricted neighborhoods or subdivisions, often literally fenced in, where entry is limited to residents and their guests. Although predominantly high‐income based, in North America gated communities are increasingly a middle‐class phenomenon.
28. Legal restrictions on land use that determine what types of building and economic activities are allowed to take place in certain areas. In the United States, areas are most commonly divided into separate zones of residential, retail, or industrial use.
30. Theory proposed by Walter Christaller that explains how and where central places in the urban hierarchy should be functionally and spatially distributed with respect to one another.
31. The external locational attributes of a place; its relative location or regional position with reference to other nonlocal places.
32. A discriminatory real estate practice in North America in which members of minority groups are prevented from obtaining money to purchase homes or property in predominantly white neighborhoods. The practice derived its name from the red lines depicted on cadastral maps used by real estate agents and developers. Today, redlining is officially illegal.
33. Economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a government; and is not included in that government's Gross National Product (GNP); as opposed to a formal economy.
34. Chronologically the second urban hearth, dating to 3200 BCE.
35. Movement of upper‐ and middle‐class people from urban core areas to the surrounding outskirts to escape pollution as well as deteriorating social conditions (perceived and actual). In North America, the process began in the early nineteenth century and became a mass phenomenon by the second half of the twentieth century.
36. A term introduced by American journalist Joel Garreau in order to describe the shifting focus of urbanization in the United States away from the Central Business District (CBD) toward new loci of economic activity at the urban fringe. These cities are characterized by extensive amounts of office and retail space, few residential areas, and modern buildings (less than 30 years old).
37. A country's largest city—ranking atop the urban hierarchy—most expressive of the national culture and usually (but not always) the capital city as well.
38. Developed by geographer T.G. McGee, a model showing similar land‐use patterns among the medium‐sized cities of Southeast Asia.

Across

2. purpose map - a map designed to convey specific information about a particular topic.
5. - the study of human societies and cultures and their development.
7. - the amount of a commodity, product, or service available.
10. and balances - counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated.
13. - the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising.
14. - a qualification, achievement, personal quality, or aspect of a person's background, typically when used to indicate that they are suitable for something.
16. - a gum, spice, or other substance that is burned for the sweet smell it produces.
17. - exchange goods or services for other goods or services without using money.
22. - the address of a web page on the internet.
23. branch - the branch of government that enforces the laws.
25. - a group of people, especially traders or pilgrims, traveling together across a desert in Asia or North Africa.
27. - a grassy plain in tropical and subtropical regions, with few trees.
31. - send goods or services to another country for sale.
33. - the ratio of the distance on a map to the corresponding distance on the ground.
36. - the process of concentrating on and becoming expert in a particular subject or skill.
38. directions - the four main points on a compass: north, south, east, and west.
39. - a principal administrative division of certain countries or empires.
40. - a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
42. - a member of a people having no permanent abode and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock.
43. agriculture - the organized growing of food on a regular schedule.
45. - a place regarded as holy because of its associations with a divinity or a sacred person or relic.
50. - half of a sphere, especially the earth.
52. - denoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit.
53. - an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest.
54. - a line of hereditary rulers of a country.
55. - bring goods or services into a country from abroad for sale.
57. age - a glacial episode during a past geological period.
58. - the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator.
59. - the movement of people or animals from one place to another.
60. - a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.
61. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is commonly used by non-profit organizations.
62. - a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.
65. cost - the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen.
66. - a form of government with a monarch at the head.
67. - relating to or characteristic of a scholar; learned, academic, or theoretical.
69. - an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority.
70. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is reserved for government entities in the United States.
73. - a ruler in ancient Egypt.
74. - preserve (a corpse) from decay, originally with spices and now with chemicals.
75. - a type of cloth or woven fabric.
77. Age - a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze.
79. - a long poem, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures.
80. - a material prepared in ancient Egypt from the pithy stem of a water plant, used in sheets throughout the ancient Mediterranean world for writing.
82. - relating to the early phase of the Stone Age, lasting about 2.5 million years, when primitive stone implements were used.
84. - the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of artifacts and physical remains.
85. - a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced.
86. of view - a particular attitude or way of considering a matter.
87. - the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarding collectively.
88. - the angular distance of a place east or west of the meridian at Greenwich, England.
89. - a top-level domain in the Domain Name System of the internet that is reserved for educational institutions.

Down

1. - the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
3. - a rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple.
4. - enigmatic or incomprehensible symbols or writing.
6. map - a map that shows governmental boundaries of countries, states, and other administrative areas.
8. map - a map that shows the physical features of an area, such as mountains, rivers, and lakes.
9. - an official in a government department, in particular one perceived as being concerned with procedural correctness at the expense of people's needs.
11. - fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment.
12. - a judgment or decision reached by reasoning.
15. - a large waterfall.
18. - the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.
19. - a monumental structure with a square or triangular base and four triangular faces meeting at a point.
20. - a triangular tract of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river, typically where it diverges into several outlets.
21. - the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a given price.
24. - the state of being in short supply.
26. government - a system where people elect individuals to represent them in the decision-making process.
28. - a person who copies out documents, especially one employed to do this before printing was invented.
29. system - a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.
30. source - an original source that provides direct evidence on a subject.
32. branch - the branch of government that makes the laws.
34. - an expert in or student of astronomy.
35. - the belief in or worship of more than one god.
37. - the activity of setting up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit.
41. - a means of representing or delineating something.
44. - the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes.
46. - the supply of water to land or crops to help growth, typically by means of channels.
47. branch - the branch of government that interprets the laws and administers justice.
48. economy - an economy in which production, investment, prices, and incomes are determined by a government.
49. Age - the later part of the Stone Age when ground or polished stone weapons and implements prevailed.
51. - the branch of science concerned with the fossilized remains of animals and plants.
56. - inclination or prejudice for or against one person or group, especially in a way considered to be unfair.
63. economy - an economic system based on customs, history, and time-honored beliefs.
64. - a city that is the seat of government; an amount of money or assets used to start or develop a business.
68. - tame (an animal) and keep it as a pet or on a farm.
69. - a long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic.
71. - a thematic map in which areas are shaded or patterned in proportion to the value of a variable.
72. of powers - an act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies.
73. - to take someone else's work or ideas and pass them off as one's own.
76. source - a source that interprets or analyzes an event, time period, or phenomenon.
78. - an amount of something left over when requirements have been met.
81. - the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form.
83. - an act, statement, or gift that is intended to show gratitude, respect, or admiration.

Across

2. these are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
6. Many traffic congestions are caused by slow drivers or poor driving habits, pedestrian mistakes, officer’s error, poor planning, poor legislation, and traffic accidents which are mostly attributed to human errors.
7. Early man, who had no domesticated animals, carried his own burdens. More so today, manpower is important in transportation in many parts of the world.
12. characterized by the gradual increasing of traffic users in a given portion of the highway or traffic way.
14. It was formerly used in war and still employed to some extent for ceremonial processions and big game hunting. In Burma and Thailand, these huge animals are widely used in the lumber industry.
19. events or incidents which may cause unintentional damage to property, loss of limbs and/or death.
20. The domestication of animals greatly increased the potential power available for transportation.
21. These were first domesticated in Siberia in the beginning of Christian era. In the Altai Mountains, they were ridden in saddles. Elsewhere, they draw sledges somewhat like the dog sledges of the Far North.
23. The moving of heavy burdens was place them on sledge which rested on a series of rollers.
24. high capacity urban roads that direct traffic from collector roads to free ways
26. First domesticated in Middle East. The donkey is still the chief beast of burden among farmers of the Near East, Mediterranean Area and Mexico, where it was introduced from Spain.
28. Oftentimes motor vehicles are stalled in traffic ways because of unrepaired diggings, cracks on road pavement or unfinished road pavement concreting.
31. the first animal domesticated, is to slight to carry heavy loads. In the Far North, the dogs team drawing sledges are the chief means of transportation; and in the parts of Europe, the dogs are used to draw small carts.
34. a cart with two wheels and boarded sides, it was drawn by oxen or bullocks and was mainly used by the Roman armies for the transportation of their baggage and supplies.
35. these are road /streets interconnecting provinces and/or cities.
36. Man first used the power of his own feet in travelling while a load is either carried or dragged. Coincidentally, the English word “pedestrian” was coined from the Latin word “pedester” which means to travel by foot.
38. was used by ancient Roman farmers as a traveling vehicle for themselves and their families.
39. commonly used by women when travelling and was borne by two mules, one before and one behind each hitched to a separate pair of shafts.
42. Around 2000 B.C. horse drawn chariots appeared in southwest Asia and 1000 years later, the Persian arrived with cavalry Genghis Khan. In Europe, horses were used to draw wheeled vehicles and for riding for sometimes until introduction of mechanized vehicles.
43. vehicles could not use the narrows paths and trails used by animals so early roads were built to accommodate the larger transportation vehicles
44. In China and other parts of the Far East, the carrying pole, balanced on one shoulder is a popular carrying device. On islands of the Pacific, the ends of the pole are supported by two men, with goods suspended from the pole in between.
45. had two wheels and room for two persons. It also has a box or case beneath the seat, where small baggage can be carried in. Two or three horses or mules were used to draw this and because of the lightness of this carriage this is especially suitable for rapid travels.
47. This vehicle had four wheels, with the front ones smaller than the two behind. This had a cover and was drawn by two to four horses or mules.
49. This is characterized by ineffective mechanical control devices, inefficient traffic officers, and poor implementation of traffic laws, rules and regulations.
50. a state or condition of severe road congestion arising when continuous queues of vehicle block an entire network of intersecting streets, bringing traffic in all directions to complete standstill.
51. a covered carriage with two wheels, had seats for two or three and was usually drawn by two mules, horses or even oxen.

Down

1. used chiefly by women of the upper classes. It was furnished with cushions, had a covered top, but open sides
3. it refers to the side of the roadway, especially along highways.
4. these are road/ streets interconnecting municipalities and/or cities within a province
5. these are narrow points or areas in highways where traffic congestions or traffic jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
8. these are condition on road networks that occurs as use increases, and characterized by lower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queuing.
9. In pre-Columbian America, it was the only new world animal other than the dog capable of domestication for use in transport.
10. A simple sledge, probably man drawn, was in use at the end of the Old Stone Age in northern Europe, as evidenced by fragments of wooden runners which survived.
11. commodious vehicle of Gallic origin and had four wheels, this was used by a man when he traveled with his family because this has sufficient room for several persons together with their luggage.
13. This is characterized by lack of roads, narrow bridges, railroad crossings, lack of traffic facilities...etc
15. This travois, as a pole arrangement called, serves as a platform on which burdens are placed. The platform or crossed-beam poles are then dragged by humans or animals.
16. usually employed for heavy burdens but were also used for travelling.
17. There are two kinds of camel, the two-humped Bactrian camel of Central Asia and the one-humped dromedary of Arabia have long been used for transport. It is also used to draw carts. The dromedary which has less endurance but it, fleeter and special fast-paced riding camel, is bred by the Arab nomads.
18. was a sacred vehicle elaborately ornamented with ivory and silver. This had either two or four wheels and was drawn by four horses or as in this illustration by elephants.
22. also known as collector road or distributor road which connects low to moderate highways or roads to arterial highways such as those entering to residential properties.
25. these are road /streets interconnecting barangays within a municipality
27. This four wheeled conveyance is made of wicker work and was of Gallic origin. A benna can accommodate several persons when travelling.
29. Which were first domesticated in Mesopotamia, were used as draft animals to draw war chariots. Oxen are still used as draft animals in many regions of the world. In some parts of Africa, they are used as pack animals and for riding.
30. these are road /streets located within a barangay which connect sitios or places within a barangay.
32. In many parts of the world, goods are carried on the back. In Subtemala, pots are carried on a wooden framework supported by a tumpline across the forehead. In the Andes, the load is held on the back by strap passing over the chest.
33. it means an entire width between the boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of the public for purpose of vehicular traffic
37. was a small conveyance that is large enough for only one person.
40. a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
41. It had four wheels, a cover and was generally drawn by two or more horses
45. these are road/streets interconnecting barangays with a municipality
46. it refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
48. these are situations in highways in which the movement of traffic users (motor vehicles or pedestrians) is very slow or stationary.

Across

1. commonly used by women when travelling and was borne by two mules, one before and one behind each hitched to a separate pair of shafts.
4. This is characterized by lack of roads, narrow bridges, railroad crossings, lack of traffic facilities...etc
6. a covered carriage with two wheels, had seats for two or three and was usually drawn by two mules, horses or even oxen.
11. had two wheels and room for two persons. It also has a box or case beneath the seat, where small baggage can be carried in. Two or three horses or mules were used to draw this and because of the lightness of this carriage this is especially suitable for rapid travels.
12. Many traffic congestions are caused by slow drivers or poor driving habits, pedestrian mistakes, officer’s error, poor planning, poor legislation, and traffic accidents which are mostly attributed to human errors.
16. A simple sledge, probably man drawn, was in use at the end of the Old Stone Age in northern Europe, as evidenced by fragments of wooden runners which survived.
18. was used by ancient Roman farmers as a traveling vehicle for themselves and their families.
19. high capacity urban roads that direct traffic from collector roads to free ways
20. also known as collector road or distributor road which connects low to moderate highways or roads to arterial highways such as those entering to residential properties.
21. these are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
22. The domestication of animals greatly increased the potential power available for transportation.
24. a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
26. The moving of heavy burdens was place them on sledge which rested on a series of rollers.
27. This vehicle had four wheels, with the front ones smaller than the two behind. This had a cover and was drawn by two to four horses or mules.
30. Man first used the power of his own feet in travelling while a load is either carried or dragged. Coincidentally, the English word “pedestrian” was coined from the Latin word “pedester” which means to travel by foot.
32. In China and other parts of the Far East, the carrying pole, balanced on one shoulder is a popular carrying device. On islands of the Pacific, the ends of the pole are supported by two men, with goods suspended from the pole in between.
33. Oftentimes motor vehicles are stalled in traffic ways because of unrepaired diggings, cracks on road pavement or unfinished road pavement concreting.
36. This travois, as a pole arrangement called, serves as a platform on which burdens are placed. The platform or crossed-beam poles are then dragged by humans or animals.
39. These were first domesticated in Siberia in the beginning of Christian era. In the Altai Mountains, they were ridden in saddles. Elsewhere, they draw sledges somewhat like the dog sledges of the Far North.
41. these are road/ streets interconnecting municipalities and/or cities within a province
42. was a sacred vehicle elaborately ornamented with ivory and silver. This had either two or four wheels and was drawn by four horses or as in this illustration by elephants.
44. This four wheeled conveyance is made of wicker work and was of Gallic origin. A benna can accommodate several persons when travelling.
45. It had four wheels, a cover and was generally drawn by two or more horses
48. these are narrow points or areas in highways where traffic congestions or traffic jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
49. it means an entire width between the boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of the public for purpose of vehicular traffic
50. In many parts of the world, goods are carried on the back. In Subtemala, pots are carried on a wooden framework supported by a tumpline across the forehead. In the Andes, the load is held on the back by strap passing over the chest.
51. First domesticated in Middle East. The donkey is still the chief beast of burden among farmers of the Near East, Mediterranean Area and Mexico, where it was introduced from Spain.
52. it refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.

Down

2. was a small conveyance that is large enough for only one person.
3. these are road /streets interconnecting provinces and/or cities.
5. usually employed for heavy burdens but were also used for travelling.
7. used chiefly by women of the upper classes. It was furnished with cushions, had a covered top, but open sides
8. these are road/streets interconnecting barangays with a municipality
9. There are two kinds of camel, the two-humped Bactrian camel of Central Asia and the one-humped dromedary of Arabia have long been used for transport. It is also used to draw carts. The dromedary which has less endurance but it, fleeter and special fast-paced riding camel, is bred by the Arab nomads.
10. these are condition on road networks that occurs as use increases, and characterized by lower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queuing.
13. This is characterized by ineffective mechanical control devices, inefficient traffic officers, and poor implementation of traffic laws, rules and regulations.
14. In pre-Columbian America, it was the only new world animal other than the dog capable of domestication for use in transport.
15. a state or condition of severe road congestion arising when continuous queues of vehicle block an entire network of intersecting streets, bringing traffic in all directions to complete standstill.
17. it refers to the side of the roadway, especially along highways.
23. commodious vehicle of Gallic origin and had four wheels, this was used by a man when he traveled with his family because this has sufficient room for several persons together with their luggage.
25. these are road /streets interconnecting barangays within a municipality
28. Which were first domesticated in Mesopotamia, were used as draft animals to draw war chariots. Oxen are still used as draft animals in many regions of the world. In some parts of Africa, they are used as pack animals and for riding.
29. a cart with two wheels and boarded sides, it was drawn by oxen or bullocks and was mainly used by the Roman armies for the transportation of their baggage and supplies.
31. the first animal domesticated, is to slight to carry heavy loads. In the Far North, the dogs team drawing sledges are the chief means of transportation; and in the parts of Europe, the dogs are used to draw small carts.
34. these are situations in highways in which the movement of traffic users (motor vehicles or pedestrians) is very slow or stationary.
35. vehicles could not use the narrows paths and trails used by animals so early roads were built to accommodate the larger transportation vehicles
37. Around 2000 B.C. horse drawn chariots appeared in southwest Asia and 1000 years later, the Persian arrived with cavalry Genghis Khan. In Europe, horses were used to draw wheeled vehicles and for riding for sometimes until introduction of mechanized vehicles.
38. characterized by the gradual increasing of traffic users in a given portion of the highway or traffic way.
40. these are road /streets located within a barangay which connect sitios or places within a barangay.
43. It was formerly used in war and still employed to some extent for ceremonial processions and big game hunting. In Burma and Thailand, these huge animals are widely used in the lumber industry.
46. events or incidents which may cause unintentional damage to property, loss of limbs and/or death.
47. Early man, who had no domesticated animals, carried his own burdens. More so today, manpower is important in transportation in many parts of the world.

Across

2. -It was commonly used by women when travelling and was borne by two mules, one before and one behind each hitched to a separate pair of shafts.
4. -Any building in which two or more vehicles, either with or without drivers, are kept ready for hire to the public, but shall not include street stands, public service stations, or other public places designated by proper authority as parking spaces for motor vehicles for hire while awaiting or soliciting business.
5. -It had two wheels and room for two persons. It also has a box or case beneath the seat, where small baggage can be carried in. Two or three horses or mules were used to draw this and because of the lightness of this carriage this is especially suitable for rapid travels.
8. -A foreigner who travels from place to place for pleasure or culture.
10. -The actual legal owner of a motor vehicle, in whose name such vehicle is duly registered with the LTO.
12. -These are incidents or instances of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently against another.
14. -It was a sacred vehicle elaborately ornamented with ivory and silver. This had either two or four wheels and was drawn by four horses or as in this illustration by elephants.
15. -Shall mean that a motor vehicle is parked or parking if it has been brought to stop on the shoulder or proper edges of highway, and remain inactive in that place or closed there for an appreciable period of time.
16. -This was first domesticated in Mesopotamia, were used as draft animals to draw war chariots and are still used as draft animals in many regions of the world. In some parts of Africa, they are used as pack animals and for riding.
20. -In pre-Columbian America, it was the only new world animal other than the dog capable of domestication for use in transport.
23. -This vehicle had four wheels, with the front ones smaller than the two behind. This had a cover and was drawn by two to four horses or mules.
25. -Around 2000 B.C. it drawn chariots appeared in southwest Asia and 1000 years later, the Persian arrived with cavalry Genghis Khan. In Europe, they were used to draw wheeled vehicles and for riding for sometimes until introduction of mechanized vehicles.
27. -First domesticated in Middle East. It is still the chief beast of burden among farmers of the Near East, Mediterranean Area and Mexico, where it was introduced from Spain.
29. -It is a highway that has limited entrances.
30. -These are issued to foreign diplomats and consuls assigned in the Philippines.
32. -This four wheeled conveyance is made of wicker work and was of Gallic origin. A benna can accommodate several persons when travelling.
34. -These were first domesticated in Siberia in the beginning of Christian era. In the Altai Mountains, they were ridden in saddles. Elsewhere, they draw sledges somewhat like the dog sledges of the Far North.
35. -It was used by ancient Roman farmers as a traveling vehicle for themselves and their families.
36. -It is a state or condition of severe road congestion arising when continuous queues of vehicle block an entire network of intersecting streets, bringing traffic in all directions to complete standstill.
38. -It means an entire width between the boundary lines of every way dedicated to a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of the public for purpose of vehicular traffic.
39. -It had four wheels, a cover and was generally drawn by two or more horses.
41. -It is an area of a roadway created when two or more roadways join together at any angle.
44. -They are responsible primarily for the direct enforcement of traffic laws, rules and regulations. They also perform other functions such as conducting of information dissemination campaign, submitting traffic scheme proposals, and other functions as need arises.
45. -A covered carriage with two wheels, had seats for two or three and was usually drawn by two mules, horses or even oxen.
48. -This method places the student into real life of driving situations from the beginnning.

Down

1. -These are narrow points or areas in highways where traffic congestions or traffic jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
3. -It refers to the movement of persons, goods, or vehicles, either powered by combustion system or animal drawn, from one place to another for purpose of travel. TRAFFIC
4. -These are motor vehicles owned by government offices and are used for official purposes only.
6. -It refers to the paved walkway along the side of the street.
7. -This serves as a platform on which burdens are placed. The platform or crossed-beam poles are then dragged by humans or animals.
9. -The first animal domesticated, is to slight to carry heavy loads. In the Far North, these team drawing sledges are the chief means of transportation; and in the parts of Europe, these are used to draw small carts.
11. -It refers to reduced risk of accident or injury on the roads, achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design.
13. -It refers to the side of the roadway, especially along highways.
17. -This is a mass publicity aimed to make road users behave more safely. These basically focus on public information attitudes, and particular or specific behaviors by need to be persuaded into adopting it. Known as road propaganda which may be intended simply to inform.
18. -These are events or incidents which may cause unintentional damage to property, loss of limbs and/or death.
19. -This commodious vehicle of Gallic origin and had four wheels, this was used by a man when he traveled with his family because this has sufficient room for several persons together with their luggage
21. -It is a part of traffic way over which motor vehicle pass.
22. -Every person, association, partnership, or corporation making, manufacturing, constructing assembling, remodeling, or setting up motor vehicles; and every such entity acting as agent for the sale of one or more makes, styles or kinds of motor vehicle, dealing in motor vehicles, keeping the same stock, or selling the same or handling with the view to trading same.
24. -This is the main executive department which is responsible for the planning, construction and maintenance of traffic facilities particularly those categorized as national highways and other major road arteries.
26. -They are the MAJOR road builders and they built 50, 000 miles or 80,000 kms. Roads with feeder roads.
27. -Shall mean every and any licensed operator of a motor vehicle.
28. -A cart with two wheels and boarded sides, it was drawn by oxen or bullocks and was mainly used by the Roman armies for the transportation of their baggage and supplies.
31. -These are motor vehicles used for personal use of their owners.
33. -It was formerly used in war and still employed to some extent for ceremonial processions and big game hunting. In Burma and Thailand, these huge animals are widely used in the lumber industry. ELEPHANT
37. -There are two kinds of it, the two-humped Bactrian of Central Asia and the one-humped dromedary of Arabia have long been used for transport. It is also used to draw carts. The dromedary which has less endurance but it, fleeter and special fast-paced riding , is bred by the Arab nomads.
40. -He introduced the first fast mail coach in March 1785 and by 1800, the English Coach system was in full swing.
42. -It was used chiefly by women of the upper classes. It was furnished with cushions, had a covered top, but open sides.
43. -It is the theory which asserts that man exhibits a constant variation of life energy and mood states.
46. -One of the GREATEST INVENTION of man- it carry burdens and loads beyond the capacity of man and animals.
47. -It was a small conveyance that is large enough for only one person.

Across

3. middle eastern nation in conflict with israel
4. the spiritual universe as the abode of God and of the totality of the divine powers and emanations
6. pyramidal stepped temple tower built in ancient mesopotamia
10. artificial grass commonly used for athletic fields
14. the essence or substance (ousia) of the Christian God
16. in navajo culture, a type of harmful witch who has the ability to turn into, possess, or disguise themselves as an animal
17. person which is unskilled with both hands
18. the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communications
19. a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer
21. 17th century expression meaning "gods hooks"
23. being or object which is created through spiritual or mental powers.
24. geographical peninsula comprising the Scandinavian and Kola Peninsulas, mainland Finland, and Karelia
25. the protagonist of the game Donkey Kong 3
27. a technology standard for the consistent representation of text
28. alignment between 3 celestial bodies
30. the search for and study of animals whose existence or survival is disputed or unsubstantiated
33. the notion that an organism can pass on to its offspring characteristics that the parent organism acquired through use or disuse
35. name for the God of the Israelites
40. geometric figure with nine points
42. a person living in solitude as a religious discipline
44. last name of the last president from the founding fathers of the united states
45. an alternative spelling for "fish"
47. an urban legend concerning a fictitious 1981 arcade game
48. a free and open-source software for enabling anonymous communication
49. a principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as incontrovertibly true
51. the most used word in the english language
55. a book or set of books giving information on many subjects or on many aspects of one subject
60. gospel and hip-hop album by rapper kanye west
61. japanese word for non-asian foreigners in japan
63. gnostic creator of the material world
64. junction of two rivers
67. a person or thing that is doomed or cannot be saved
68. snake or dragon eating its own tail
70. a group of computers or other devices interconnected within a single, limited area
72. acid rain and air pollution arising from steam explosions and large plume clouds
73. supposed name of a reptilian female who conducted experiments on humans
75. standard keyboard layout for latin script
76. bible book written by one of the 12 minor prophets, who lived in the Assyrian Period
77. a system of winds rotating inward to an area of low atmospheric pressure
78. a female domestic servant
79. roman military unity formed by around 80 legionaries
80. a large gray rain cloud
82. the designation given to people who have won a grammy, tony, emmy and an oscar award
83. a typical example or pattern of something, a model.
84. a destructive fungal disease of apple and other trees that results in damage to the bark
89. book of magic spells and invocations
90. term used to describe a process of existence and growth that does not come from a single central point of origin
92. Latin term referring to the evocation of demons or evil spirits
94. a cosmic entity resembling an octopus, created by H. P. Lovecraft
95. a warning cry given before throwing dirty water from a window.
97. practice, as distinguished from theory
100. desert commonly known as the driest place in the world
101. regarded as the southernmost peoples in the world
103. software or hardware that has been advertised but is not yet available to buy
104. country with the most welsh speakers
106. Low-budget, poor-quality games, commonly associated with the nintendo wii
108. an idealized place of great or idyllic magnificence and beauty
110. race of cat-like bipedal aliens said to inhabit the lyra constellation
111. a large metal pot with a lid and handle
112. the result of collision between two landmasses
114. still photograph in which a minor and repeated movement occurs
115. branch of theology concerned with the end times
117. chicken breed known for its completely dark coloration
118. complete or partial loss of the sense of smell
121. also known as water bears or moss piglets
122. simultaneous occurrence of events which appear significantly
123. a humorous genre of poetry popularized by Edward Lear.
125. four-dimensional polytope
126. nintendo switch exploit
127. a term used in spiritualism to denote a substance or spiritual energy "exteriorized" by physical mediums
128. the study and nomenclature of large numbers
129. a branch of metaphysics concerned with the study of mind and intellect
130. the fat of sea mammals, especially whales and seals

Down

1. central religious text of Islam
2. a racetrack that is greater than two miles
3. branch of philosophy that deals with an imaginary realm additional to metaphysics.
5. an infinite skew polyhedron consisting of nonplanar faces or nonplanar vertex figures
7. recurring enemy in the mario franchise
8. considered japans greatest blacksmith
9. a hypertext document on the World Wide Web
11. to crouch, bend
12. 20th letter in the greek alphabet
13. a compact instrument used to observe and calculate the position of celestial bodies
15. a guiding or warning light or fire on a high place
20. the covering of a plane using one or more geometric shapes
22. sailing or power vessel commonly used by wealthy individuals
23. a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve around a line
26. island country mostly known for its top level domain, "tv"
29. the founder and first ruler of the Kingdom of Hawaii
31. to move or proceed in a brisk, easy, or playful manner
32. same as danger or risk
34. the inability to voluntarily create a mental picture in your head
36. beer or other alcoholic drink brewed at home
37. the capital of yugoslavia
38. severe flooding
39. feathered-Serpent deity of ancient Mesoamerican culture
41. irish mythological creature
43. a Japanese horror manga series written and illustrated by Junji Ito
46. term used to describe the way in which ideas grow like trees, which can be traced back to an initial point of origin
50. syrup obtained from raw sugar
52. the mental process by which a person makes sense of an idea by assimilating it to the body of ideas he or she already possesses.
53. also known as craniofacial duplication
54. "merry christmas" in hawaiian
56. an ancient manuscript text in book form
57. one of the world's oldest continuously practiced religions
58. a sentence, often a news headline, that is subject to incorrect interpretation due to syntactic and/or lexical ambiguity
59. flat models that can be flexed or folded in certain ways to reveal new faces
62. king of the united kingdom of israel. also refered to as jedidiah
65. gadolinium gallium garnet quantum electronic processing
66. an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine, online journalism, literature and musical composition within the United States
69. ultraconservative political and religious faction that emerged in Afghanistan
71. form of government in which the state apparatus is controlled by a dominant ethnic group
74. deepest lake in the world
81. personifications of dreams in greek mythology
85. a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems
86. continent proposed in 1864 said to have sunk beneath the Indian Ocean
87. a type of writing system whose basic characters denote consonants followed by a particular vowel
88. a note or passage played by plucking strings
91. uppermost region of the earths atmosphere
93. a failed Android-based microconsole
94. pupal casing made by caterpillars
95. an association of artisans and merchants who oversee the practice of their craft/trade in a particular area
96. the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named
98. a sauropod-like entity that supposedly lives in the Congo River Basin
99. hill in england whose name means "hill hill hill"
102. inuit language spoken in the central and eastern Canadian arctic
105. south american animals resembling pigs with trunks
107. an occult concept representing a distinct non-physical entity that arises from a collective group of people
109. the highest rated fighting of all time, on metacritic
113. largest landlocked nation
116. the study of geometric properties and spatial relations unaffected by the continuous change of shape or size of figures
119. declared its independence in 2008, but is not formerly recognized by all UN countries
120. oldest language which is still widely spoken
124. one followed by a hundred zeros

Across

2. BEING IN A STATE OF LOUD AND INAPPROPRIATE LAUGHTER
5. BALLET JUMPS IN WHICH THE LEGS OPEN AND CLOSE WHILE "BEATING" THE FEET TOGETHER
8. IF YOU ARE CHICANO, YOU MAY GREET SOMEONE WITH THIS RHYMING EXPRESSION
10. IF LISTENING TO A CB RADIO, THIS MEANS A POLICE CAR WITH LIGHTS/SIRENS ON IS APPROACHING
11. IN HERALDRY, THIS IS A SMALL ELLIPTICAL SHAPE USED BY WOMEN TO DISPLAY THEIR COAT-OF-ARMS IN PLACE OF AN ESCUTCHEON
13. IN WEIMAR IN 1617, THIS GROUP FORMED IN ORDER TO REGULATE THE GERMAN VERNACULAR LANGUAGE AND PROMOTE IT AS A LANGUAGE OF LITERATURE AND ACADEMIA
15. A SCOTTISH CONFECTION CONSISTING OF A BISCUIT BASE AND LAYERS OF CARAMEL AND CHOCOLATE
17. THE SCIENCE OF DEFINING TECHNICAL TERMS
18. IN WINE, THIS ADJECTIVE MEANS THE TANNINS ARE PRESENT BUT NOT IN AN UNPLEASANT WAY
23. THIS WORD MEANS "I HAVE HEARD YOU AND AM ABOUT TO FOLLOW YOUR DIRECTIONS" WHEN COMMUNICATING OVER RADIO
24. A RECURSIVE ACRONYM THAT DESCRIBES ONE OF THE MAIN ANTAGONISTS IN TWIN PEAKS
25. THE FIRST JAPANESE RESTAURANT TO OFFER A BUFFET-STYLE MENU AND WHICH WAS NAMED AFTER A 1958 AMERICAN HISTORICAL ADVENTURE FILM
26. TWO MURALS BY DONALD MARTINY WHICH WERE PAINTED IN AND HANG IN THE LOBBY OF THE NEW WORLD TRADE CENTER BUILDING ONE
30. THE PARODIC FEMALE ALTER-EGO OF NOTED DADAIST MARCEL DUCHAMP, WHOSE NAME IS A GAG
31. ONE OF SEVERAL TERMS USED TO REFER TO A DEEP-DRILLED, ROUNDED OR CYLINDRICAL HOLE IN THE BEDROCK OF A WATERCOURSE, USUALLY FORMED BY SHIFTING GRAVEL OR RUNNING WATER
34. THIS WOMAN WAS VENERATED AS THE PATRON OF PALERMO AFTER HER BONES WERE CARRIED AROUND THE CITY AND MIRACULOUSLY DROVE AWAY THE PLAGUE; SOME HAVE INVOKED HER AS PROTECTION FROM THE COVID PANDEMIC
37. THE BELL WHICH SENDS ALL WHO HEAR IT, INCLUDING ITS WIELDER, DEEP INTO DEATH IN THE OLD KINGDOM BOOKS
42. A LONG BONE LOCATED BETWEEN THE SHOULDER AND STERNUM ON A HUMAN
43. A FRENCH COMPETITION TO CREATE AND RECITE TRADITIONAL TROUBADOUR POEM FORMS, AND BY DOING SO WIN GOLD-AND-GEM VERSIONS OF VARIOUS NATIVE FLOWERS
45. A WICCAN RITUAL MEETING HELD ON NON-SABBAT DAYS, USUALLY TO CELEBRATE DIFFERENT PHASES OF THE LUNAR CYCLE
46. A PERIOD OF TIME EQUAL TO ONE MILLIONTH OF TWO WEEKS, OR EXACTLY 1.2096 SECONDS
48. A MEDICINAL CANDY MEANT TO SLOWLY DISSOLVE IN THE MOUTH, SUCH AS WINE GUMS OR JUJUBES
49. "MERRY CHRISTMAS" IN OSLO
50. A POCKET OF LIQUID SEAWATER SURROUNDED BY FROZEN OCEAN ICE
51. IN NAUTICAL TERMS, THIS REFERS TO THE OPEN OCEAN, THOUGH SOME GEOGRAPHERS USE IT TO REFER TO THE AMERICAN COASTLINE FROM THE ISTHMUS OF PANAMA TO THE MOUTH OF THE ORINOCO
54. A SLANG DIALECT BORN FROM A MIXTURE OF SWAHILI AND ENGLISH IN NAIROBI, KENYA, AND PRIMARILY SPOKEN AMONG YOUTH GROUPS AND MATATU DRIVERS
57. A MUSICIAN WHO FUSES TRADITIONAL HAWAIIAN MUSIC WITH CONTEMPORARY ARRANGEMENTS, HE IS KNOWN FOR HIS HALAU HULA AND HIS WORK ON DISNEY'S "LILO AND STITCH"
60. IN CHINESE, THIS WORD, MEANING "RIVER CRAB," IS A HOMOPHONE WITH THE WORD FOR "HARMONY," AND IS USED BY SAVVY INTERNET DENIZENS TO REFER TO THE GOVERNMENT'S CENSORSHIP OF CERTAIN TOPICS
62. KNOWN AS THE "BAADSHAH OF BOLLYWOOD," THIS INDIAN ACTOR HAS APPEARED IN OVER 100 FILMS
65. A SUNDAE INVOLVING RED-AND-WHITE OR PINK-AND-WHITE LAYERS OF ICE CREAM, CREAM, FRUIT, MERINGUE, AND TOPPED WITH WHIPPED CREAM, NUTS, AND A CHERRY, SERVED IN A TALL GLASS AND LONG SPOON, AND NAMED FOR AN ICONIC HOTEL IN NEW YORK, THE CITY IN WHICH IT WAS CREATED IN THE 1920S
66. THE DREGS OF A MANUFACTURING PROCESS, OR OTHER MATERIAL DEEMED AS WORTHLESS
70. A STEW FROM THE FRENCH GUIANA REGION WHICH SYMBOLIZES THE AREA'S RICH AND DIVERSE CULTURAL IDENTITY, MADE BY SLOW-SIMMERING MANY INGREDIENTS INCLUDING VARIOUS MEATS, FISH, AND VEGETABLES, COMBINED WITH PULP OF FRUIT FROM A SPECIFIC SPINY PALM TREE
71. IN HOCKEY LINGO, THIS REFERS TO THE HAIR THAT EXTRUDES OUT THE BACK OF A PLAYER'S HELMET
75. SPELLS TO INVOKE THE DEAD FROM THEIR GRAVES IN ROMAN TIMES WERE ASCRIBED THIS ADJECTIVE
76. A FAMOUSLY WELL-PRESERVED NEO-SUMERIAN STRUCTURE WHICH SERVED AS BOTH ADMINISTRATIVE COMPLEX AND SHRINE TO MOON GOD NANNA IN ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA, WHAT IS NOW IRAQ
77. A CHINESE RELIGIOUS CONCEPT OF THE SACRED, WHICH PRIMARILY DEALS WITH LIMINALITY, AND THIS WORD PARTICULARLY DESCRIBES THE MEDIUM OF BIVALENCY WHICH MEDIATES THE FORCES OF YIN AND YANG IN THE UNIVERSE
78. A KAIJU HYBRIDIZED WITH HUMAN AND ROSE DNA AND IS HALF-SISTER TO GODZILLA, WHOM SHE FIGHTS
79. A STRANGE UNSOLVED CASE FROM GERMANY INVOLVES THESE SIX LETTERS WRITTEN DOWN BY THE VICTIM ONLY HOURS BEFORE HIS MYSTERIOUS DEATH
80. FOUL-SMELLING, ESPECIALLY IN REFERENCE TO A NOXIOUS VAPOR
81. AN AMERICAN POET OF THE 20TH CENTURY WHO WAS KNOWN FOR HIS EXPLORATIONS OF HOMOPHOBIA AND CELEBRATIONS OF GAY LOVE, AND WHO DIED OF AIDS COMPLICATIONS IN 1994
82. AN EPIC POEM BY LONGFELLOW PUBLISHED IN 1855 ABOUT A DOOMED ROMANCE BETWEEN A MYTHIC OJIBWE FIGURE AND A DAKOTA WOMAN NAMED MINNEHAHA
83. A WAY OF EXPRESSING POSITIVE FEELINGS IF YOU ARE A RASTAFARIAN
84. EASTERN SLAVIC HARLEQUINS IN THE 11TH THROUGH 17TH CENTURIES WHO COULD ALSO SING, DANCE, PLAY VARIED INSTRUMENTS, AND COMPOSE, AND WHICH WERE OFTEN DERIDED BY THE CLERGY OF THE TIME AS "DEVIL'S SERVANTS"
85. IN MEDIEVAL TIMES, THIS CONTRACTION WAS A SPECIAL OATH RESERVED FOR THE KING

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1. HACKING TELEPHONE LINES INSTEAD OF COMPUTER NETWORKS IS COLLOQUIALLY CALLED THIS
3. A LEGAL TERM FOR FORGERY
4. A FENCER'S GLOVE MADE OF HEAVY BROCADE AND WIRED FOR ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION
6. KNOWN AS THE HALLOWEEN BEETLE, THIS LATIN NAME REFERS TO A LARGE, BRIGHT COLORED BUG INDIGENOUS TO ASIA BUT INTRODUCED TO NORTH AMERICA AND NOW VERY COMMON
7. A HORSE TYPE OF MIDDLE WEIGHT WHICH IS BRED FROM ONE NORTHERN EUROPEAN LINE AND ONE ARABIAN OR SIMILARLY SOUTHERN LINE, KNOWN CONTEMPORARILY AS A BREED SKILLED IN SHOW JUMPING AND DRESSAGE
9. AN IMPORTANT PEACE BROKERING THAT ENDED THE WAR OF 1812 BETWEEN THE US AND UK, NAMED FOR THE CITY IN WHAT IS NOW BELGIUM WHERE IT TOOK PLACE
12. THIS GIRL'S NAME REFERS TO THROWING UP IN THE GAYLE ARGOT
14. IN POLISH PRISON LINGO, THIS REFERS TO A VILLAGE THIEF
16. A SPECULATIVE FICTION NOVEL PUBLISHED IN 1915 BY GUSTAV MEYRINK, CONCERNING A SURREAL VERSION OF TRADITIONAL JEWISH FOLKLORE
19. A RADIOHEAD ALBUM AND AN OLD NAME FOR DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS
20. 1973 SCI-FI MOVIE TITLED AFTER ITS FOOD RATIONS (MADE OF PEOPLE)
21. KNOWN AS THE "SUICIDE FOREST," THIS JAPANESE LOCATION IS SUPPOSEDLY A HOTSPOT FOR SUPERNATURAL OCCURENCES
22. THE LOAD-BEARING, WEDGE-SHAPED PIECE OF AN ARCH WHICH IS PLACED LAST DURING BUILDING
27. THESE TWO ANIMALS REFER TO A TELEPHONE AND A ROAD IN COCKNEY RHYMING SLANG
28. A HEAVILY COMMERCIAL STRIP JUST BEFORE THE ENTRANCE TO DENALI PARK, HATED BY LOCALS AND ONCE CALLED "ALASKA'S UGLIEST STRETCH OF ROAD" BY A JOURNALIST
29. IN POKER, THIS IS WHEN A PLAYER MATCHES A BET OR RAISE EVEN IF THEY HAVE A WEAK HAND, IF THEY SUSPECT THEIR OPPONENT IS BLUFFING
32. A SMALL, MEDICINAL TABLET OFTEN SUCKED IN ORDER TO SOOTHE THROAT AILMENTS AND WHICH IS TRADITIONALLY A RHOMBOID OR ELLIPTICAL SHAPE
33. AN ARCHITECT WHO WAS NOT REGISTERED BUT BUILT 31 HOMES FROM LOCAL ROCK IN CHARLEVOIX, MI KNOWN AS "GNOME HOMES," "MUSHROOM HOUSES," OR "HOBBIT HOMES"
35. IN GERMAN MUSIC NOTATION, THIS MEANS TO PLAY ANXIOUSLY
36. IN MILITARY CIRCLES, THIS TITLE MEANS YOU THREW UP IN YOUR NEIGHBOR'S LAP
38. A BLUE PROTEIN FOUND IN THE FOAM NESTS OF MALAYSIAN TREE FROGS
39. AN AUSTRIAN CHEF WHO HAS WON BOTH A JAMES BEARD AWARD AND MICHELIN STARS, AND WHOSE SPECIALTIES INCLUDE A HOUSE-SMOKED SALMON PIZZA
40. AN IDEOPHONE IN JAPANESE THAT RESEMBLES THE BEATING OF THE HEART
41. AUSTRALIAN ACTIVIST AND ATHLETE KNOWN FOR HIS CLAIMING OF ENGLAND ON BEHALF OF THE ABORIGINALS
42. A GROUP OF TREES PERIODICALLY CUT BACK IN ORDER TO ENCOURAGE GROWTH
44. THE ONLY DOGSLED DRIVER TO BE INDUCTED INTO CANADA'S SPORTS HALL OF FAME AND WHO LOVED HIS LEAD DOG, TOBY, SO MUCH HE RETIRED WHEN THE DOG DID
47. WINDCHIMES IN ROMAN TIMES WHICH WERE BELIEVED TO DRIVE AWAY EVIL
52. A BIRD KNOWN FOR ITS SHRIEKING CALL AND ITS EPITHET OF "BUTCHERBIRD," DUE TO THE HABIT OF IMPALING ITS PREY (PRIMARILY INSECTS) ON THORNS FOR LATER USE
53. A BRONZE SCULPTURE BY FINNISH ARTIST SANNA KOIVISTO, WHICH WAS HER FIRST TO BE SOLD AT AUCTION IN 2022
55. ORDERING THIS IN A CLASSIC SODA FOUNTAIN MEANS YOU'LL RECEIVE A BOWL OF STRAWBERRY ICE CREAM
56. THE STRONG-TASTING ANTAGONIST OF CANDY LAND
58. A SPOKEN WORD POET AND DUB ARTIST OF JAMAICAN ORIGIN, HE IS THE ONLY BLACK POET TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE PENGUIN MODERN CLASSIC SERIES
59. IN ELIZABETHAN SLANG, THIS REFERS TO A CONMAN'S GRIFTING ACTIVITIES
61. ONE OF THE OLDEST SLAVIC GODDESSES IN MYTH, HER NAME TRANSLATES TO "MOIST EARTH MOTHER," AND HER WORSHIPPERS WOULD MAKE OATHS BY TOUCHING THE GROUND, SYMBOLIZING HER OMNIPRESENCE
63. THE CONDITION OF SOMETHING
64. A STATE OF UTTER CHAOS AND CONFUSION, FROM HEBREW BUT USED PRIMARILY IN NORTH AMERICA
67. THIS HISTORICAL AMERICAN WAS REFERENCED IN A WHIG PARTY CAMPAIGN SONG (AND TYLER TOO) DURING THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1840
68. AMERICAN ABSTRACT ARTIST KNOWN FOR HIS CALLIGRAPHIC AND GRAFFITI-LIKE PAINTINGS, IN ADDITION TO SCULPTURES AND PHOTOGRAPHY
69. A DESCENDANT OF THE MUTINEERS OF THE HMS BOUNTY, SHE WROTE A BOOK OF POETRY IN THE PITCAIRN DIALECT, AND ALSO SERVED AS THE PITCAIRN'S ONLY FEMALE POLICE CHIEF AND THEIR OFFICIAL HAM RADIO OPERATOR FOR A TIME, AMONG OTHER ROLES
72. A GLEAM OF SUNLIGHT DURING OTHERWISE FOUL WEATHER
73. THE FRUIT COURSE IN A TRADITIONAL JAPANESE MEAL, REPLACING THE WESTERN DESSERT COURSE
74. AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE CHINESE NAME FOR THE MILKY WAY GALAXY
75. PHILOSOPHY INVOLVING GREATNESS BEYOND MEASURE OR CALCULATION, USED IN AESTHETICS AND ART HISTORY, LITERARY THEORY, AND ASCRIBED IN ORIGIN TO LONGINUS IN REGARDS TO RHETORIC

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2. the spread of ideas, customs, and practices from one culture to another.
4. Locating a document in time and place and understanding how these factors shape its content.
6. People who officially belong to a country or city and have certain rights and responsibilities, like being able to vote.
8. A god or goddess.
13. A leader who takes control of lands or peoples with little compassion or mercy.
14. The leader of the Roman Catholic Church. The Pope is considered a very important spiritual leader for many Christians around the world.
17. A very important document signed in England in 1215. It was a promise from King John that he would follow certain laws and that even the king's power had limits. It's a big step towards democracy!
20. A type of government where one person, called a tyrant, has total and often unfair control over everyone.
21. A special journey to a holy or sacred place, often made for religious reasons. Imagine going on a long trip because it's important for your faith.
22. A structure, often like a bridge or a channel, built to carry water over a long distance, especially to supply a city or farm.
23. Having prejudice, hatred, or discrimination against Jewish people.
25. A social and economic system in medieval Europe where land was owned by lords who allowed peasants to farm it in exchange for military service and labor.
28. Analyzing claims, interrogating the credibility of evidence, and developing counterclaims.
30. The ancient writing system used in Mesopotamia, made up of wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets.
31. When a group of people tries to completely destroy another group of people, often because of their race, religion, or background.
33. People who write or copy documents, often in ancient societies.
38. A tendency to favor one side or perspective over another, often in an unfair way.
40. In ancient Rome, these were officials who kept track of people and their property. They also made sure people were living good, moral lives. Think of them like super-strict record keepers and rule enforcers.
42. Deep regret or guilt for a wrong committed.
43. A long period of peace and stability in the Roman Empire, lasting for about 200 years. "Pax" means peace, so it's "Roman Peace."
44. A plant used by ancient Egyptians to make paper-like material for writing.
45. A group of people who gather to make important decisions or laws for their community or country. It's like a big meeting where everyone gets to vote.
51. The other half of the Earth, which includes North America and South America. This is the "western" side of the Earth when it's split down the middle.
53. An independent city that has its own government and controls the surrounding area.
55. Signs or feelings in your body that show you might be sick or have a medical problem. For example, a cough and a sore throat are symptoms of a cold.
56. Rich and powerful people who are usually born into important families. They often have a lot of say in how things are run.
59. Considering who wrote a document as well as the circumstances of its creation.
60. The quality of being trusted or believed; how reliable or believable something is.
63. All the things we do to keep places clean and healthy, especially dealing with waste and dirty water. Good sanitation helps prevent diseases from spreading. Think about clean bathrooms and proper trash disposal.
65. Someone who is unfairly blamed for something that someone else did or for a problem that isn't their fault.
68. The background information or circumstances that help to understand an event, idea, or statement.
69. The Greek word for a city-state, which was like a small independent country with its own government and army. Athens and Sparta were both poleis.
70. A confederation of nomadic tribes from Central Asia who were a significant threat to ancient China.
74. Armored warriors in the Middle Ages who rode horses and fought for their lords. They followed a code of chivalry, which was about being brave, loyal, and honorable.
82. An important rule or law, especially one given by God.
84. Believing in one god.
86. Elite warriors in feudal Japan, similar to knights in Europe. They followed a strict code of honor called Bushido.
87. A person who buys and sells goods, especially in large amounts, to make money. They are like a super-salesperson who travels to trade.
89. A special month in the Islamic religion when Muslims fast (don't eat or drink) from sunrise to sunset. It's a time for prayer, reflection, and community.
91. Considering how events in history unfold over time.
93. In ancient Rome, this was a powerful group of older, experienced men who advised the consuls and made important decisions for the Republic.
94. The longest river in the world, flowing through northeastern Africa and vital to ancient Egyptian civilization.
97. a fertile spot of land in a desert with water
98. A religion based on the teachings of Buddha, focusing on overcoming suffering and achieving enlightenment.
100. A very old and famous network of trade routes that connected China and the Far East with the Middle East and Europe. It wasn't just one road, but many paths where valuable goods like silk, spices, and ideas were exchanged.
101. An object made by humans, often from the past, such as tools, pottery, or jewelry.
102. A ruler who has total and complete power over a country, often taking that power by force and not allowing people to have a say.
103. A social structure in India where people are divided into different groups based on birth and occupation.

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1. A leader who is wise, fair, and just, often inspired by philosophical or moral principles.
3. The specific group of people that a message, book, or other work is aimed at.
5. to send goods, products, or services OUT of your country to sell them somewhere else.
6. A type of Islamic government led by a caliph, who is considered a successor to the prophet Muhammad.
7. Considering details across multiple sources to determine points of agreement and disagreement.
9. Type of government where a country is ruled by a single person, like a king or queen, who usually inherits their power from their family.
10. A type of government where citizens elect representatives to make decisions and laws for them, instead of a king or queen. Ancient Rome was a republic before it became an empire.
11. Believing in many gods.
12. A person in the feudal system who was granted land by a lord in exchange for loyalty and military service. A knight could be a vassal to a lord, and a lord could be a vassal to a king.
15. A series of rulers from the same family, usually in a monarchy, who maintain power over several generations.
16. A type of government where a small group of rich and powerful people hold all the power. "Oligo" means few, so it's "rule by a few."
18. A group of people, especially traders or travelers, moving together across a desert or through dangerous areas, often with animals like camels to carry goods. Think of it like a long train of people and animals traveling together.
19. One half of the Earth, which includes Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia. You can imagine the Earth split down the middle, and this is the "eastern" side.
24. An official order or commission to do something.
26. A collection of traditional stories, often about gods, goddesses, and heroes, that explain how the world works or why things are the way they are.
27. A term used by ancient Romans and Greeks to describe people from other lands who they thought were uncivilized or wild. It's not a very nice word, and it often just meant someone who didn't speak their language or live like them.
29. A major religion in India that believes in many gods and the cycle of rebirth.
32. A series of religious wars that took place during the Middle Ages, mostly between Christians and Muslims, over control of the Holy Land.
34. An ancient Chinese philosopher known for his teachings on ethics, family, and government.
35. A Chinese philosophy and religion that emphasizes living in harmony with the Dao, or the fundamental nature of the universe.
36. Poor people in the Middle Ages who worked the land for nobles or knights. They lived simple lives and had to give a portion of their crops to their lords.
37. When you do something, often difficult or unpleasant, to show you are sorry for something wrong you have done.
39. Peasants who were tied to the land they worked on. They couldn't leave without the lord's permission and were bought and sold along with the land. They were not exactly slaves, but they were not free either.
41. Wealthy and powerful people, usually born into important families, who owned large amounts of land during the Middle Ages. They had a lot of influence and power.
46. People in ancient Sparta who were basically forced to work for the Spartans. They were like slaves, but they belonged to the state, not to individual people.
47. A landform at the mouth of a river where it splits into several branches before entering a larger body of water, often creating rich, fertile land.
48. A complex society with cities, a well-organized government, and workers with specialized job skills.
49. A way of supplying water to land to help crops grow, usually through channels or pipes.
50. Settlements that people from one country create in a new, faraway land. They're like little new versions of their home country.
52. An official order or proclamation (statement) issued by a person in authority.
54. A large group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, often an emperor or empress.
57. The belief that when a living thing dies, its soul or spirit is reborn into a new body.
58. The study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, and ethics.
61. When a very important person, like a leader, is murdered on purpose, usually for political reasons.
62. Fair or morally right.
64. A particular way of viewing things, influenced by a person's experiences and beliefs.
66. A large, distinguishable part of a continent, such as India.
67. When a society or country starts to break down or get worse in its public life, like when people stop caring about their community, or when government and laws stop working well.
71. Swollen, painful lumps that appear in the body, especially in the armpits, neck, or groin, often caused by a serious infection like the bubonic plague.
72. A religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ. People who follow Christianity are called Christians.
73. Natural characteristics of the Earth's surface, such as mountains, rivers, and valleys.
75. to bring goods, products, or services IN from another country to sell or use in your own country.
76. One of Earth's large land masses, such as Africa or Asia.
77. The ruler of Ancient Egypt, could be King or Queen.
78. A region in the Middle East, especially including parts of modern-day Israel and Palestine, that is very important to Christians, Jews, and Muslims because many important religious events happened there.
79. In the ancient Roman Republic, these were the two most powerful leaders. They were elected each year and had a lot of power, like leading the army.
80. A system in the Middle Ages where kings gave land to nobles (lords) in exchange for loyalty, military service, and protection. In turn, peasants or serfs worked the land for the nobles. It was a way of organizing society based on land and loyalty.
81. A personal belief or judgment that is not based on proof or certainty.
83. The four main social classes in ancient Indian society.
85. An ancient trade route connecting China with the Mediterranean, facilitating the exchange of goods and ideas.
88. A statement that can be proven to be true or false based on evidence.
90. Fine soil deposited by rivers, which is very fertile.
92. A type of government where citizens get to vote and have a say in who leads them and what laws are made. "Demo" means people, and "cracy" means rule, so it's "rule by the people."
95. The supreme ruler of an empire. An emperor usually has a lot of power and rules over many different lands and peoples.
96. Something or someone that can be trusted to perform well or provide accurate information.
99. The process of gathering crops.

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5. a slave gladiator who led 70 other slaves from a school for gladiators in a desperate bid for freedom, he fueled a major slave uprising against the Roman republic, creating a perpetual fear in the minds of slave owners
10. founder of the Qin dynasty, he launched a successful 10-year military campaign to reunify China and became the first emperor of a unified China, ruling from 221-210 BCE
11. a major process of settlement and societal organization that occurred from around 860-1130 CE among the peoples of a canyon in modern-day northwestern New Mexico; the society formed is notable for its settlement in large pueblos and for the building of hundreds of miles of roads
13. a Greek philosopher who lived from 384-322 BCE, he was the teacher of Alexander the Great, and, famous for his reflections on ethics, was perhaps the most complete expression of the Greek way of knowing as wrote or commented on practically everything
17. a Macedonian king who united the Greek empire and whose conquests from 333-323 BCE greatly expanded the Greek empire
20. a social institution that involved subjugating people by way of ownership by a master, the possibility of being sold, working without pay, and the status of an "outsider" at the bottom of the social hierarchy; such people did every single job in society except military service, and lacked normal rights as well as independent personal identity
21. a southern city that became the center of Nubian civilization as Egypt fell under foreign control, it's time as a kingdom lasted from 300 BCE to 100 CE; it was governed by an all-powerful, sacred (sometimes female) monarch and known for its prominent iron industry, it's wide variety of economic specialties, rainfall-based agriculture, its reputation for great riches, and its extensive trade network
22. a people as well as a culture and religious movement that was focused on a specific village in Peru and swept through highland and coastal Peru, becoming a model for culture across Peru and beyond as civilizations imitated their art and religious practices; it was also a widespread religious cult that traveled on the back of a trading network
23. a philosophical way of thinking that emerged in the 5th-4th centuries BCE based on the ideas of philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle which emphasized a style of persistent questioning and the secular explanation of nature and human life
25. a series of inscriptions which provide a record of the activities and thinking of a famous Indian emperor, carved on pillars as well as boulders and cave walls throughout the Indian kingdom
27. a notion in Indian social practice that was applied to caste groups; high-caste people who came into contact with lower-caste people were in danger of being "polluted"
28. a civilization located on a fertile floodplain in West Africa that lasted from roughly 300 BCE to 900 CE, it was known for its decentralized political system, iron smithing industry, specialization/occupational castes, and its agriculture and commerce
29. the movement of peoples speaking dialects of a specific African language family into the African subcontinent that generated some 400 distinct but closely related languages as part of a larger language family, it was a slow movement of peoples, perhaps a few extended families at a time
31. the Chinese dynasty that succeeded the Qin, lasting from 206 BCE to 220 CE which retained the centralized features established previously but moderated the harshness of policies, replacing Legalism with moralistic Confucianism
32. a prince from a small north Indian state and the eventual founder of Buddhism, he lived from 566-486 BCE, and set out on a 6-year spiritual quest to achieve enlightenment
33. a Chinese humanistic philosophy based on the moral example of superiors as the key to restored social harmony which emphasized the cultivation of ren (human-heartedness, benevolence, goodness, nobility of heart) as an essential ingredient of a tranquil society
34. a Mesoamerican civilization located in the Yucatán Peninsula which was known for its mathematical system, astronomy, calendars, art, writing system, architecture, engineering, mythology, and decentralized political system
39. a religion that emerged in the 9th-6th centuries BCE in the eastern Mediterranean/Palestine/Israel; key beliefs are in a transcendent high god, in a covenant with the chosen people, and in social justice
40. an Athenian woman whose foreign birth gave her somewhat more freedom than most women in Athens, and her unofficial husband, who was Athens's leading political figure who took an interest in her and treated her as an equal partner despite Athens offering women little opportunity or achievement at that time
42. a Greek philosopher and founder of the Academy in Athens, he was famous for his design for a good society, which would be ruled by a class of highly educated "guardians" led by a "philosopher-king" who were the only ones fit to rule
44. the dependent class of Sparta who had been conquered and reduced to a status of permanent servitude, whose social discontent prompted the militarization of Spartan society
46. the first and largest of India's short experiments with a large-scale political system, this Indian kingdom lasted from 326-184 BCE, and encompassed all but the southern tip of the continent, with a population of 50 million, a large military force, a civilian bureaucracy, and a variety of industries
47. an Indian emperor who reigned from 268-232 BCE whose conversion to Buddhism and moralistic approach created the legacy of an enlightened ruler who sought to govern in accord with the religious values and moral teachings of Hinduism and Buddhism
48. the most important and largest city of pre-Aztec central Mexico, it was located to the north in the Valley of Mexico; it was the largest urban complex in the Americas at the time, and was physically impressive, with complex urban planning
49. a philosophy in China that urged withdrawal into the world of nature and encouraged spontaneous, individualistic, natural behavior; this philosophy was applied to people's personal lives and shaped the culture of ordinary people as it entered popular religion

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1. a hardheaded, practical philosophy whose thinkers believed the solution to China's problems lay in rules or laws, clearly spelled out and strictly enforced through a system of rewards and punishments
2. a period in Greek history which lasted from 323-30 BCE and involved the widespread dissemination of Greek culture as it penetrated Egypt, Mesopotamia, and India
3. a later female Chinese writer (45-116 CE) who penned a famous work called "Lessons for Women" and who helped in defining the lives of women, called for greater attention to education for girls, and spelled out the implication of Confucian thinking for women
4. a high court official of the Han dynasty, he usurped the emperor's throne and launched a series of startling reforms, including nationalized private estates, government loans to peasants, limited amounts of land families could have, and an end to private slavery
6. a system of government that was party of the "Greek experiment" in one of the Greek city-states and was distinctly limited in that it excluded women, slaves, and foreigners from politics
7. a young Jewish peasant/carpenter in the remote province of Judaea in the Roman Empire, he began a brief 3-year career of teaching and miracle-working before he got in trouble with the local authorities and was executed; the teachings of this man became the basis for the religion of Christianity
8. a social class in China that was made up of wealthy, landowning families who occupied large estates and whose children became state officials; benefited from two sources of privilege - wealth generated by estates, and the power and prestige that accompanied their education/membership in the official elite
9. a massive peasant uprising that occurred in 184 CE during the Han dynasty, as the culmination of a movement which had swelled to about 360,000 armed followers by that time, in which peasants joined together as regional floods and resulting epidemics compounded the misery of landlessness and poverty to look forward to the "Great Peace"
12. a religion that emerged in the 7th century BCE in Persia (present-day Iran); key beliefs are in a single high god and in the cosmic conflict between good and evil
14. a civilization which lasted from around 100 to 800 BCE, it was one of a number of regional civilizations that replaced a pan-Andean religious cult from Peru; it was known for its irrigation system, human sacrifice, the immense wealth of its warrior-priest elite, exquisite artistry, and architecture
15. an early convert to Christianity who lived from 10-65 CE, his missionary journeys in the eastern Roman Empire led to the founding of small Christian communities that included non-Jews; he argued that the Christian message was for everyone and non-Jews did not need to follow Jewish laws and rituals
16. the era of Rome's greatest extent and authority, during which the empire in disguise provided security, grandeur, and relative prosperity for the Mediterranean world
18. a series of conflicts between two Eurasian empires that lasted from 490-479 BCE, one of which was small and divided and the other of which was the world's largest empire at the time
19. two different versions of Buddhism; the early version portrayed the Buddha as a wise teacher and model but not as divine and was a set of practices without much influence from the gods; the later, modified version proclaimed that help was available for the strenuous voyage to enlightenment
21. peoples of the Mississippi River Valley in North America who created societies distinguished by arrays of large earthen mounds; the dominant center flourished in the eastern woodlands from around 900 to 1250 CE and was a stratified society with cLear elite and rulers able to mobilize the labor required to build such enormous structures
24. an idea in China that emphasized a woman's subordination first to her father, then to her husband, and finally to her son; it summarized the ideal position of women in the eyes of elite male writers
26. two systems of hierarchy in India that blended to create its unique caste-based society; one was a system of four ranked classes that "forever" divided society based on hereditary traits and actions, while the other was a system of ranking people based on specialized occupation
30. considered the first Roman emperor, he reigned from 27 BCE to 14 CE, and during his rule tried to maintain the forms of the republic despite assuming the role of emperor
35. collections of Indian poems, hymns, prayers and rituals compiled by priests (Brahmins), they spoke of classical Indian civilization in its formative centuries, and were transmitted orally for centuries but were eventually reduced to writing in Sanskrit
36. an Athenian philosopher who lived from 469-399 BCE and taught through a constant questioning of the assumptions and logic of his students' thinking, and whose behavior in public bright him into conflict with city authorities, who sentenced him to death for corrupting the youth of Athens
37. a much-beloved Hindu scripture written in Sanskrit that tells the story of the troubled warrior-hero Arjuna who is in anguish over the necessity of killing his kinsmen as a decisive battle approaches, and is assured by Lord Krishna that it is an act of devotion that would release him from the rebirth cycle
38. the largest and most impressive of the world's empires in 500 BCE, ruled by an Indo-European people whose homeland lay on the Iranian plateau; under monarchs Cyrus and Darius, conquests created an incredibly diverse state which encompassed many different peoples
41. a state which took over a neighboring kingdom in 340s CE, it was located in the Horn of Africa (present-day Eritrea and Ethiopia) and was known for its plow-based farming system, participation in Red Sea and Indian Ocean commerce, stone obelisks, Christianity, and its imperial expansion campaign
43. a former high-ranking concubine in the imperial court who came to power amid much palace intrigue, she was the only woman ever to rule China as emperor, reigning from 690-705 CE
45. a body of sacred Indian texts developed due to dissatisfaction with the actions of the Brahmins, they were composed by anonymous thinkers and were mystical and highly philosophical works that sought to probe the inner meaning of the sacrifices prescribed in other Indian texts

Across

4. Large marsupial
5. Likes to chase mice

Down

1. Has a trunk
2. Flying mammal
3. Man's best friend