cells Crossword Puzzles

Immunology 2021-01-22

Immunology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. / Which cells releases cytokines.
  2. / When antibodies bind to two pathogens and they clump together.
  3. / Which type of ELISA test identifies the presence of antibodies.
  4. / Which cells are involved in the secondary immune response.
  5. / What type of virus is HIV.
  6. / The type of immunity you get from being given antibodies made by a different organism.
  7. / The type of immunity you get when your immune system makes its own antibodies after being stimulated by an antigen.
  8. / When antibodies bind to pathogens or toxins blocking their active sites and preventing them from doing any more harm.
  9. / Which immune response is slower whilst antibodies are made and the person will show symptoms.
  10. / What is the term given to describe when pathogens change their surface antigens and different strains develop.
Down
  1. / The enzyme found in HIV particles responsible for copying RNA into DNA.
  2. / A type of phagocyte that carries out phagocytosis.
  3. / The study of the immune system.
  4. / What is the term used to describe when the people who have been vaccinated reduce the occurrence of the disease protecting those who have not yet been vaccinated.
  5. / Are made of protein and can bind to complementary antigens.
  6. / What is the name given to the types of drugs used to treat HIV.
  7. / A term to describe when a B cell divides by mitosis into cloned plasma cells all producing identical antibodies.
  8. / The ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.
  9. / Are micro-organisms that cause disease, bacteria, fungi, protists and viruses.
  10. / what is a call referred to when a cell like a macrophage sticks non-self antigens on its surface to activate other immune system cells.
  11. / Which immune response is faster and stronger if the same antigen enters the body.
  12. / A process where a type of white blood cells engulfs and digests a pathogen.
  13. / Is released by cytotoxic T cells which destroys targeted cells by creating lesions like pores in their membranes.
  14. / Which cells kill cells infected with viruses, cancer cells or abnormal cells.
  15. / Which cells secrete antibodies.
  16. / Are cell surface membrane proteins that can generate an immune response when detected as non-self by the body.

26 Clues: / What type of virus is HIV. • / The study of the immune system. • / Which cells releases cytokines. • / Which cells secrete antibodies. • / A type of phagocyte that carries out phagocytosis. • / Which cells are involved in the secondary immune response. • / Are made of protein and can bind to complementary antigens. • ...

Immunology 2021-01-22

Immunology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. / The enzyme found in HIV particles responsible for copying RNA into DNA.
  2. / Are made of protein and can bind to complementary antigens.
  3. / When antibodies bind to two pathogens and they clump together.
  4. / Which immune response is slower whilst antibodies are made and the person will show symptoms.
  5. / What is the name given to the types of drugs used to treat HIV.
  6. / The type of immunity you get from being given antibodies made by a different organism.
  7. / what is a call referred to when a cell like a macrophage sticks non-self antigens on its surface to activate other immune system cells.
  8. / A term to describe when a B cell divides by mitosis into cloned plasma cells all producing identical antibodies.
  9. / Is released by cytotoxic T cells which destroys targeted cells by creating lesions like pores in their membranes.
  10. / What type of virus is HIV.
  11. / What is the term used to describe when the people who have been vaccinated reduce the occurrence of the disease protecting those who have not yet been vaccinated.
  12. / Which immune response is faster and stronger if the same antigen enters the body.
  13. / A process where a type of white blood cells engulfs and digests a pathogen.
  14. / Which cells kill cells infected with viruses, cancer cells or abnormal cells.
Down
  1. / Which cells secrete antibodies.
  2. / The ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.
  3. / When antibodies bind to pathogens or toxins blocking their active sites and preventing them from doing any more harm.
  4. / A type of phagocyte that carries out phagocytosis.
  5. / Which type of ELISA test identifies the presence of antibodies.
  6. / The type of immunity you get when your immune system makes its own antibodies after being stimulated by an antigen.
  7. / Are cell surface membrane proteins that can generate an immune response when detected as non-self by the body.
  8. / The study of the immune system.
  9. / Which cells releases cytokines.
  10. / Which cells are involved in the secondary immune response.
  11. / What is the term given to describe when pathogens change their surface antigens and different strains develop.
  12. / Are micro-organisms that cause disease, bacteria, fungi, protists and viruses.

26 Clues: / What type of virus is HIV. • / Which cells secrete antibodies. • / The study of the immune system. • / Which cells releases cytokines. • / A type of phagocyte that carries out phagocytosis. • / Which cells are involved in the secondary immune response. • / Are made of protein and can bind to complementary antigens. • ...

IPID Crossword Puzzle 2023-10-01

IPID Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Cell adhesion molecule
  2. family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections; type 1 interferons include IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, as distinguished from IFN-gamma.
  3. Human immunodeficiency virus
  4. Systemic lupus erythematosus: autoimmune disease where autoantibodies (against DNA, RNA, and proteins associated with nucleic acids) form immune complexes
  5. tumor necrosis factor-alpha: a cytokine produced by macrophages and T cells that is highly pro-inflammatory
  6. large mononuclear phagocyte that takes residence in many different tissues and organs and contributes to innate immune responses and can act as an effector cell in adaptive immune responses
  7. Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs: amino acid sequence in cytoplasmic domains of membrane receptors involved in signal transduction
  8. a cell wall component of gram negative bacteria which can be bound by TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
  9. Subset of CD4+ T cells characterized by the cytokines they produce, including IFN-gamma involved in fully activating macrophages, and IL-2 involved in promoting CTL responses against intracellular pathogens
  10. Surface immunoglobulin: an immunoglobulin that is expressed on B cell surface
Down
  1. Autoimmune regulator: a transcription factor that causes several hundred tissue-specific genes to be transcribed by a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the thymus
  2. Toll-like receptor: a family of Pattern Recognition Receptors present on many leukocytes and epithelial cells that recognize PAMPs on pathogens and help initiate immune responses
  3. immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
  4. general designation of many of the different cytokines, chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other cells
  5. Recombination signal sequences: short DNA sequences flanking Ig and TCR V, D and J gene segments that serve as the binding sites for the RAG complex, allowing Ig and TCR gene rearrangement (somatic recombination)
  6. thymus-derived lymphocyte that are comprised of two different subsets, CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells
  7. a molecule that is recognized in native (original) structure by antibodies or B cell receptor, or a peptide that is presented by MHC molecules to T cell receptor
  8. Cell mediated immunity: adaptive immune responses in which there is a major role for effector T cells
  9. Transcription factor expressed in Treg cells that is needed for Treg cell function
  10. protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
  11. Family names of chemokines, chemicals that are a sub-class of cytokines with cell-attractant properties
  12. Pathogen associated molecular patterns: repeating molecular patterns on microbes that are recognized by PRRs on immune cells
  13. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy: multiple drug treatment for HIV infection
  14. Cluster of differentiation: designation for specific cell-surface molecules on immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
  15. Complementarity determining regions: the regions of the antigen binding loops of Ig molecules, antibodies and T cell receptors that come into contact with antigen

25 Clues: Cell adhesion molecule • Human immunodeficiency virus • immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells • protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong • Surface immunoglobulin: an immunoglobulin that is expressed on B cell surface • Highly active anti-retroviral therapy: multiple drug treatment for HIV infection • ...

CFA 3 Cells Review 2021-11-19

CFA 3 Cells Review crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Two Words: This invention helped in the discovery and advancement of the cell theory
  2. Made up of 2 or more atoms.
  3. Fluid filled vesicles that may contain enzymes, nutrients, water or waste. Plant cells have one large central _____________ that stores water and gives shape to the cell.
  4. Small bodies in a cell's cytoplasm that perform specific functions.
  5. Two Words: A group of organs that work together to perform body functions.
  6. Organelles where photosynthesis occurs.
  7. A ___________ is the smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms.
  8. Two Words: A rigid structure that protects and gives support and shape to plant cells.
  9. The gel-like fluid that includes all of the organelles of the cell.
  10. A molecule made up of 2 or more different types of atoms.
  11. A structure made up of a collection of tissues that carries out a specialized function.
  12. All matter is made up of these.
  13. Two Words: Plants and animals use ____________ _______________ to produce energy for cell processes.
  14. The process by which cells use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sure and oxygen.
  15. Two Words: All cells have a cell membrane, DNA, organelles, and cytoplasm. The single cell of a ______________ _____________ must carry out all of the functions for life.
  16. A group of similar cells that perform a common function.
Down
  1. The green pigment contained in chloroplasts that absorbs the energy in sunlight.
  2. The maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment.
  3. Two Words: A protective layer that covers the cell surface, and acts as a barrier, controlling what goes in and out the cell.
  4. Two Words: Made up of 2 or more cells. It's cells may be specialized to perform specific functions.
  5. Two Words: Almost all the energy that fuels life on Earth come from the sun.
  6. Two Words: Lists three basic characteristics of all cells and organisms A) All organisms are made up of one or more cells B) The cell is the basic unit of all organisms C) All cells come from existing cells.
  7. The control center of the cell that contains the DNA.
  8. Two Words: From smallest to greatest is atom, molecule, cell.
  9. An _______________ is any living thing.
  10. Break down food molecules to release energy by cellular respiration.
  11. Genetic material that provides instructions for all cell purposes.
  12. ______________ are found in animal cells and have digestive enzymes that help break down waste.
  13. Two Words: Cells use _____________ ________ to replace dead or damaged cells and to allow multicellular organisms to grow.

29 Clues: Made up of 2 or more atoms. • All matter is made up of these. • Organelles where photosynthesis occurs. • An _______________ is any living thing. • The control center of the cell that contains the DNA. • A group of similar cells that perform a common function. • A molecule made up of 2 or more different types of atoms. • ...

CFA 3 Cells Review 2021-11-19

CFA 3 Cells Review crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment.
  2. Cells use _____________ ________ to replace dead or damaged cells and to allow multicellular organisms to grow.
  3. From smallest to greatest is atom, molecule, cell.
  4. A protective layer that covers the cell surface, and acts as a barrier, controlling what goes in and out the cell.
  5. This invention helped in the discovery and advancement of the cell theory
  6. A ___________ is the smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms.
  7. Genetic material that provides instructions for all cell purposes.
  8. The control center of the cell that contains the DNA.
  9. A structure made up of a collection of tissues that carries out a specialized function.
  10. Small bodies in a cell's cytoplasm that perform specific functions.
  11. Almost all the energy that fuels life on Earth come from the sun.
  12. The gel-like fluid that includes all of the organelles of the cell.
  13. Fluid filled vesicles that may contain enzymes, nutrients, water or waste. Plant cells have one large central _____________ that stores water and gives shape to the cell.
Down
  1. Made up of 2 or more atoms.
  2. A group of organs that work together to perform body functions.
  3. Plants and animals use ____________ _______________ to produce energy for cell processes.
  4. Organelles where photosynthesis occurs.
  5. All cells have a cell membrane, DNA, organelles, and cytoplasm. The single cell of a ______________ _____________ must carry out all of the functions for life.
  6. Break down food molecules to release energy by cellular respiration.
  7. Made up of 2 or more cells. It's cells may be specialized to perform specific functions.
  8. An _______________ is any living thing.
  9. A group of similar cells that perform a common function.
  10. The green pigment contained in chloroplasts that absorbs the energy in sunlight.
  11. ______________ are found in animal cells and have digestive enzymes that help break down waste.
  12. Lists three basic characteristics of all cells and organisms A) All organisms are made up of one or more cells B) The cell is the basic unit of all organisms C) All cells come from existing cells.
  13. All matter is made up of these.
  14. A rigid structure that protects and gives support and shape to plant cells.
  15. A molecule made up of 2 or more different types of atoms.
  16. The process by which cells use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sure and oxygen.

29 Clues: Made up of 2 or more atoms. • All matter is made up of these. • Organelles where photosynthesis occurs. • An _______________ is any living thing. • From smallest to greatest is atom, molecule, cell. • The control center of the cell that contains the DNA. • A group of similar cells that perform a common function. • ...

Crossword Puzzle 2016-02-02

Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Biologist that concluded cells are in all animals
  2. A organelle that surrounds the nucleolus and protects it
  3. Made of similar that work together to perform a specific activity
  4. Friend of Robert Hooke, designed a microscope to see cells, and observed bacteria and protists in pond water
  5. clips to hold the specimen down
  6. If turned, changes the lens in the Body tube
  7. A turning head that lets the user switch between objective lens
  8. Determines how much light, goes into the object in question
  9. DNA
  10. Normally 3 different lens that all have a different amount of magnification.
  11. A series of lens that allows sight farther than a normal human's capabilities; Inside a black tube
  12. A stain that makes cells appear blue
  13. If turned, changes how high the stage is
  14. Converts energy in food particles into energy the cell can use
  15. The sphere like object in the nucleus that assembles proteins
  16. Magnifies the microscope 10x; Not attached to nosepiece
  17. A easy to obtain stain that makes cells appear orange
  18. Includes bacteria
  19. Keeps the microscope from falling over
  20. A jelly like substance that supports the organelles
  21. Concluded that plants are made of cells
Down
  1. Includes Chloroplast and cell wall
  2. An organelle that forms a maze in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to the other.
  3. Stores materials in a sac like organelle(s)
  4. Smallest Unit of objects
  5. Object that allows the user to see cells
  6. Does not include a chloroplast
  7. Studied that cells can only come from existing cells
  8. Includes animals;plants;fungi; and protists
  9. One out of millions of them in your body. Smallest structure of life
  10. Helps produce protein for the cell
  11. Surrounds the cell and decides whether something can pass through the cell
  12. The control center of a cell
  13. Occupies a cell
  14. The first known man to see cells in a cork
  15. Body Packages materials and also distributes them
  16. Theory A three part theory that is about cells
  17. Breaks down larger food particles into smaller particles that can be used by the rest of the cell.
  18. Captures energy from sunlight and changes it into an energy cells can use in making food.
  19. Found only in plant cells and few other organisms. Causes the cell to look like a rectangle
  20. Makes cells appear easier; normally makes cells colorful
  21. Black table that the object sits on
  22. Keeps the nose piece from touching the stage
  23. a group of cells

44 Clues: DNA • Occupies a cell • a group of cells • Includes bacteria • Smallest Unit of objects • The control center of a cell • Does not include a chloroplast • clips to hold the specimen down • Includes Chloroplast and cell wall • Helps produce protein for the cell • Black table that the object sits on • A stain that makes cells appear blue • Keeps the microscope from falling over • ...

human biology - cells 2015-06-11

human biology - cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. carbohydrate that makes up the cell wall of plants
  2. respiration in a cell without oxygen
  3. this occurs when an enzyme is destroyed by too high a temperature
  4. thin layer of "skin" on the outside of all cells
  5. respiration in a cell which requires oxygen
  6. the energy currency of a cell, known as ATP
  7. produced during anaerobic respiration
  8. special type of diffusion involving water molecules
  9. organelles that synthesize proteins and are called the "protein builders" of the cell
  10. the living material found in all cells
  11. found in plant cells, they absorb light energy and contain a green pigment
Down
  1. the green pigment in the chloroplasts
  2. liquid found in the vacuole of plant cells
  3. the substance the enzyme acts upon and which attaches itself to the active site
  4. cell membranes are this, meaning they allow some substances to pass through them but not others
  5. biological catalysts found in cells which speed up chemical reactions
  6. movement of particles from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration
  7. large central space in plant cells
  8. movement of particles agaisnt a concentration gradient which requires energy
  9. network of membranes found throughout the cytoplasm
  10. the largest organelle in a cell which controls the activities of the cell, found in most cells but not all
  11. small areas on the surface of enzymes where chemical reactions take place
  12. found outside the cell membrane in plant cells
  13. orgenelles that release most of the energy from respiration in cells

24 Clues: large central space in plant cells • respiration in a cell without oxygen • the green pigment in the chloroplasts • produced during anaerobic respiration • the living material found in all cells • liquid found in the vacuole of plant cells • respiration in a cell which requires oxygen • the energy currency of a cell, known as ATP • ...

Science Crossword Puzzle 2020-09-23

Science Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. green organelles in the cytoplasm of plant cells where photosynthesis occurs
  2. organelle that package cellular substances to be removed from the cell
  3. surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells
  4. cells and organisms continue the cycle of...
  5. movement of bones organisms from the inside out
  6. the basic building blocks of all living things
  7. consuming nutrition it builds good bone instead of strinking it
  8. source of food that gives energy
  9. small structures in cells that make proteins
  10. nutrition protein will pass to other organelles to maintain metabolism
  11. cell in which a virus multiplies itself
  12. All organisms are made of cells and all cells come from another cell
  13. structures within the cytoplasm
  14. a group of similar cells that work together to do one job
  15. structure made up of different types of tissues that work together
  16. directs all activities of cells
  17. cell that has a nuclear membrane
Down
  1. nervous system how your brain works
  2. allows certain materials to move into and out of the cell
  3. series of folded membranes that move materials around in the cell
  4. releases energy in food that cells need to stay alive
  5. transport oxygen carbon dioxide energy from the sun
  6. stores water, waste products, and food
  7. food molecules break down from sugar
  8. gelatinlike material inside every cell
  9. cell that does not have a nuclear membrane
  10. release wast from our body as well as toxin
  11. recycling organelles which break down food molecules and cell wastes

28 Clues: structures within the cytoplasm • directs all activities of cells • source of food that gives energy • cell that has a nuclear membrane • nervous system how your brain works • food molecules break down from sugar • stores water, waste products, and food • gelatinlike material inside every cell • cell in which a virus multiplies itself • ...

Chapter 5 Crossword Puzzle 2025-01-08

Chapter 5 Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. theory - one of the fundamental models of biology that states that cells are the smallest form of life, come from pre-existing cells, are the basic building block of all life forms, and carry out life processes to maintain homeostatis
  2. - the cellular organelle that directs the protein-building process
  3. - a protective coating found outside the cell walls of many bacteria
  4. - (1) the membrane-bound region of a eukaryotic cell that contains the genetic material.(2) the central portion of an atom where protons and neutrons are located
  5. - a cellular organelle that functions in the organization of microtubles
  6. organism - an organism consisting of two or more cells and whose cells may not live independently apart from the organism
  7. - a structure made of two or more tissues that work together to perform a particular function
  8. - describes cells lacking a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
  9. - the thick fluid inside cells that contains the organelles. also called the cytosol
  10. pressure - the pressure exerted by water in a full central vacuole upon the cytoplasm and cell membrane of a plant cell; maintains plant rigidity
  11. - a group of cells that are specialized to perform a particular function
  12. organism - an organism consisting of only one cell
  13. system - a group of two or more organs that work together to perform a particular function
Down
  1. - a spherical structure within a eukaryotic cell's nucleus where ribosomes are manufactured
  2. apparatus - the cellular organelle that processes and packages proteins in preparation for secreting them from a cell
  3. - the genetic material of eukaryotic cells consisting of DNA and associated with proteins
  4. - a cellular organelle that contains digestive enzymes
  5. - the non-membrane-bound region in the prokaryotic cells that contains most of the genetic material
  6. - a cellular organelle found in plant cells that contains the pigment chlorophyll and is the site where photosynthesis takes place
  7. - a whip-like cellular organelle similar in structure to a cilium but longer and used primarily for movement in many bacteria
  8. - a non-pigmented cellular organelle found in plant cells whose functions include storing starches, lipids, and proteins
  9. endoplasmic reticulum - the cellular organelle that consists of a network of membranes used to transport substances throughout a cell and is studded with ribosomes
  10. - (1) individual organisms in the same species living closely together (2) a group of cells that live and work together. unlike in a multicellular organism, cells in a colony may break away and survive on their own
  11. vacuole - an organelle in plant cells that holds materials and helps maintain the cell's shape throughout turgor pressure
  12. bilayer - the two layers of phospholipids that make up a cell membrane
  13. - a stack of disk-shaped thylakoids within a chloroplast
  14. wall - a rigid structure made by cells of plants, fungi, and most bacteria to surround the cell membrane
  15. - structures found within the cytoplasm of cells that perform the various functions cells need to stay alive
  16. endoplasmic reticulum - the cellular organelle that consists of a network of membranes used to transport substances throughout a cell and is not studded with ribosomes
  17. - describes cells having a true nucleus as well as membrane-bound organelles

30 Clues: organism - an organism consisting of only one cell • - a cellular organelle that contains digestive enzymes • - a stack of disk-shaped thylakoids within a chloroplast • - the cellular organelle that directs the protein-building process • - a protective coating found outside the cell walls of many bacteria • ...

Chapter 11 Vocab 2023-03-08

Chapter 11 Vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. process in which a cell divides into two daughter cells
  2. one of two identical "sister" parts of a chromosome
  3. region of the chromosome where two sister chromatids attach
  4. series of events where a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides
  5. reproduction with two parents and creates a new organism.
  6. phase of mitosis where the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin
  7. cell with limited potential to develop into many types of differentiated cells
  8. disorder in which some of the body's cells lose ability to control growth
  9. reproduction that requires only one parent, genetically identical to the parent
  10. the process of programmed cell death
  11. cells that are capable of developing into most, but not all of the body's cell types.
  12. phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
  13. period of the cell cycle between cell divisions where a cell grows
  14. developing stage of multicellular organism
Down
  1. phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
  2. one of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells
  3. cells that can develop into any type of cell (in the human body)
  4. unspecialized cell that can give rise to one or more types of specialized cells
  5. mass of rapidly dividing cells that damage surrounding tissue
  6. process in which cells become specialized in structure and function
  7. structure in an animal cell that helps organize cell division
  8. stage ofor early development in mammals that consist of hollow ball of cells
  9. part of eukaryotic cell division when the cell nucleus divides
  10. substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA
  11. one of a group of external regulatory proteins that stimulate growth and division of cells
  12. threadlike structure that contains genetic information that is passed to different generations

26 Clues: the process of programmed cell death • developing stage of multicellular organism • one of two identical "sister" parts of a chromosome • process in which a cell divides into two daughter cells • reproduction with two parents and creates a new organism. • region of the chromosome where two sister chromatids attach • ...

Immunity 2017-04-03

Immunity crossword puzzle
Across
  1. cells/ cell derived from a B lymphocyte specialized to mass-produce antibodies.
  2. infectious particles made strictly of proteins, cause a group of degenerative diseases of the nervous system, also called wasting diseases.
  3. lymphatic organ, located in the trachea behind the sternum involved in the maturation of T lymphocytes in the thymus gland.
  4. long, very thin appendages on some bacteria
  5. chemical mediators that are released by damaged tissue cells and mast cells, that cause capillaries to dilate and become more permeable.
  6. system/ series of proteins in plasma that form a nonspecific defense mechanism against a microbe invasion; it complements the antigen- antibody reaction.
  7. system/ organ system consisting of lymphatic vessels and lymphatic organs that transport lymph and lipids; aids the immune system.
  8. antiviral agent produced by an infected cell that blocks the infection of another cell.
  9. usually a colorless liquid, but after a meal, it appears creamy because of its lipid content.
  10. a large phagocytic cell derived from a monocyte that ingests and debris
  11. stiff fibers that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces such as host cells.
  12. bone marrow/ produces all types of blood cells.
Down
  1. elongated hollow appendage used to transfer DNA from one cell to another.
  2. foreign substance, usually a protein or a polysaccharide, that stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies
  3. an antibacterial enzyme found in perspiration, saliva, and tears.
  4. small circular pieces of DNA on bacteria
  5. disease causing agents
  6. disease/ prion related disease of the nervous system of humans.
  7. protein secreted by a T cell that stimulates cells of the immune system to perform their various functions.
  8. cells/ cells that mature in the thymus
  9. single-celled prokaryotes that do not have nucleus
  10. organ that filters blood
  11. gelatinous layer surrounding the cells of some bacteria
  12. nodes/ secondary lymphatic organs, which occur along lymphatic vessels, to filter lymph.
  13. these bridge the gap between the living and nonliving.
  14. cells/ cells that mature in the bone marrow

26 Clues: disease causing agents • organ that filters blood • cells/ cells that mature in the thymus • small circular pieces of DNA on bacteria • long, very thin appendages on some bacteria • cells/ cells that mature in the bone marrow • bone marrow/ produces all types of blood cells. • single-celled prokaryotes that do not have nucleus • ...

Immunology 2023-10-17

Immunology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. - The term for a molecule like C3bBb that efficiently cuts other C3 molecules in the complement system.
  2. - The process of coating invaders with complement fragments to facilitate their engulfment by phagocytes.
  3. Hormone-like messengers facilitating communication between immune system cells.
  4. - The process in which macrophages engulf and destroy invaders.
  5. The system that helps drain excess fluid from tissues and carries immune cells throughout the body.
  6. - Carbohydrate molecule found on the surface of common pathogens, triggering activation of the lectin pathway.
  7. - This cytokine is mainly produced by helper T cells and natural killer cells to signal an immune response.
  8. - A mixture of dead neutrophils and tissue debris
  9. - The third level of defense in the immune system that can adapt to protect against various invaders.
  10. - Signaling molecules that encourage neutrophils to exit the blood and migrate to sites of infection
Down
  1. Describes a group of identical immune cells produced during an immune response.
  2. - Blood cells that can mature into macrophages and are important for immune defense.
  3. - Immune system's foot soldier responsible for killing and phagocytosis
  4. The body's response involving swelling and increased blood flow to fight invaders.
  5. - Proteins produced by B cells to defend against specific invaders.
  6. - A substance used to stimulate immunity and protect against specific diseases.
  7. - These organelles become more abundant in hyperactivated macrophages, aiding in destroying invaders.
  8. - A substance that causes the production of antibodies.
  9. Pertaining to a certain type of invader, such as the common cold or flu.
  10. The condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own cells and tissues.
  11. - The first line of defense in the immune system that is naturally present in all animals.
  12. Large immune cells responsible for devouring invaders and acting as garbage collectors.
  13. : Type of immune response involving T cells and direct attack on infected cells.
  14. Reactive complement fragment that binds to chemical groups on invaders' surfaces.

24 Clues: - A mixture of dead neutrophils and tissue debris • - A substance that causes the production of antibodies. • - The process in which macrophages engulf and destroy invaders. • - Proteins produced by B cells to defend against specific invaders. • - Immune system's foot soldier responsible for killing and phagocytosis • ...

Cell and Taxonomy Crossword Puzzle 2024-05-20

Cell and Taxonomy Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. He is resonsible for finding bacteria for the first time on his teeth with a microscope
  2. It's larger in plant cells however there is one, it stores water and nutrients
  3. An organelle in eukaryotic cells, it has the nucleolus, it has the DNA, and it helps control and manage the other organelles
  4. The name given to organisms with their genus and species name, it is used so scientists from all over can use a single name to talk about a certain organism
  5. It is responsible for packaging proteins and lipids
  6. It has enzymes to digest and break down waste in the cell
  7. In plant cells, it provides protection & structure, and it's made of cellulose
  8. It's semi-permeable meaning certain things can go through and it's in plant and animal cells
  9. theory stating that cells come from pre-existing cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all living things are made of one or more cells
  10. Biological classification
  11. A domain within Taxonomy, it can be single or multi-celled, it has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
  12. It is made in the Nucleolus and it makes proteins for both types of cells
Down
  1. It is responsible for sending and transporting proteins
  2. The process of making a two-part name with a genus and species
  3. Discovered cells with a microscope, describing them as "small rooms."
  4. A domain within Taxonomy, they are prokaryotic which means that they are single-celled, they have no nucleus, and they have no membrane bound organlles
  5. He is responsible for the creation of Taxonomy which is the classification of living things
  6. A domain within Taxonomy, they are extremeophiles which means they inhibit extreme habitats, they are prokaryotic which means that they are single celled, they have no nucleus, and they have no membrane-bound organlles
  7. An organelle that uses sunlight to do photosynthesis within plant cells
  8. It produces energy for the cell, it produces ATP

20 Clues: Biological classification • It produces energy for the cell, it produces ATP • It is responsible for packaging proteins and lipids • It is responsible for sending and transporting proteins • It has enzymes to digest and break down waste in the cell • The process of making a two-part name with a genus and species • ...

list 5 2024-05-23

list 5 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Flying mammal
  2. Organ in the abdomen that produces digestive enzymes and insulin.
  3. cells: Cells that line the surfaces and cavities of tissues and organs throughout the body.
  4. vesicles Vesicles that merge with the plasma membrane to release their contents.
  5. endocytosis Process where cells absorb specific molecules by binding to receptors on their surface.
  6. Process by which cells absorb molecules (such as proteins) by engulfing them.
  7. Large marsupial
  8. aggregates Groups or clusters of cells that are closely associated with each other.
  9. Type of endocytosis where cells engulf extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes.
  10. Has a trunk
  11. Hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels.
  12. gland Gland that secretes substances into ducts leading to the body surface or body cavities.
Down
  1. Type of endocytosis where cells engulf large particles or whole cells.
  2. membrane Surface of an epithelial cell that faces a lumen or external environment.
  3. exocytosis Controlled process of vesicle release in response to specific signals or stimuli.
  4. Refers to glands that secrete substances through ducts to the epithelial surface.
  5. exocytosis Continuous process of vesicle release by cells to maintain plasma membrane integrity and deliver cell wall components.
  6. Likes to chase mice
  7. Type of secretion where the secretory cell remains intact after secretion (e.g., sweat glands).
  8. Process of releasing a substance from a cell or gland.
  9. Type of secretion where the apical portion of the cell is lost during secretion (e.g., mammary glands).
  10. gland Type of exocrine gland that releases its secretion by exocytosis (e.g., salivary glands).
  11. Refers to glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
  12. Man's best friend
  13. Organs or tissues in the body that produce substances for release, such as hormones or enzymes.
  14. Process by which cells expel waste products or secrete substances from internal vesicles into the extracellular environment.
  15. Type of secretion where the entire cell becomes packed with secretory products and then bursts (e.g., sebaceous glands).
  16. Refers to substances released or discharged from cells or glands.

28 Clues: Has a trunk • Flying mammal • Large marsupial • Man's best friend • Likes to chase mice • Process of releasing a substance from a cell or gland. • Organ in the abdomen that produces digestive enzymes and insulin. • Refers to substances released or discharged from cells or glands. • Hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels. • ...

j 2025-11-23

j crossword puzzle
Across
  1. irregulary/contracted/fragmented cell
  2. RBCs lacking central pallor
  3. Hb, free Hb
  4. volume of packed RBCs that occupies a given volume of blood
  5. condition where red cells vary in size
  6. H, "golf ball"
  7. changes in shape
  8. stack of coins
  9. hemoglobinopathy where valine replaces glutamic acid
  10. , Iron-bearing protein
  11. increases ESR because it causes heavier specific gravity
  12. cells in a teardrop/pear shape
  13. amino acid that replaces glutamic acid in Hb C
  14. red cells are deeply stained to abnormal thickness of cells
  15. problem with alpha or beta globin chains
  16. C Crystals, rod-shaped or hexagonal crystals with blunt ends
  17. hemoglobin in its ferric state
  18. monoxide, silent killer
  19. erythrocytes with normal amount of hemoglobin
  20. vitamin b-12 deficiency
  21. normal-sized RBCs
  22. red cells appear pale
  23. small dense RBC with few irregularly shaped projections
Down
  1. currently used for research
  2. cells, cell with eccentric vacuoles due to plucked out Heinz body
  3. quickest method for Hb determination
  4. cells with bull's eye appearance
  5. reagent used in cyanmethemoglobin method
  6. Oxide, regulator vascular tone
  7. small RBCs
  8. Cells, "Pocket book cell"
  9. problem of not having enough healthy red blood cells
  10. hemoglobin form found in newborns
  11. primary deficiency defect
  12. A, normal adult hemoglobin
  13. effect, ability of hemoglobin to bind or release oxygen
  14. formed by the irreversible oxidation of Hb of certain drugs/chemicals
  15. measures plasma hemoglobin
  16. binding of carbon monoxide to heme iron
  17. degree of anisocytosis
  18. normal cell with a biconcave disc
  19. lysing RBCs by mixing with a hypotonic solution
  20. best fixative
  21. measures the average concentration of Hb
  22. measures the rate of fall of RBCs
  23. organelles where 4 steps of heme synthesis occur
  24. cells, sea urchin cells
  25. elongated or slit-like area of central pallor
  26. average volume of a red cell
  27. liquid on top after centrifugation
  28. increased Hb level found in polycythemia

51 Clues: small RBCs • Hb, free Hb • best fixative • H, "golf ball" • stack of coins • changes in shape • normal-sized RBCs • red cells appear pale • , Iron-bearing protein • degree of anisocytosis • cells, sea urchin cells • monoxide, silent killer • vitamin b-12 deficiency • Cells, "Pocket book cell" • primary deficiency defect • A, normal adult hemoglobin • measures plasma hemoglobin • ...

Different type of cells 2023-11-16

Different type of cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Hooke Invented the cells
  2. It was the first cell
  3. You have to use a microscope to see them
  4. The key part of a cell
  5. jelly-like substance
  6. Cells Cells in the nerves
Down
  1. It is Larger than the Prokaryotic
  2. Cells that are in are bones
  3. Cell Cells in the sperm
  4. Help with protine.
  5. One large cell
  6. The powerhouse of the cell
  7. Cells in are blood
  8. egg cells Cells in a girl

14 Clues: One large cell • Help with protine. • Cells in are blood • It was the first cell • jelly-like substance • The key part of a cell • egg cells Cells in a girl • The powerhouse of the cell • Hooke Invented the cells • Cells that are in are bones • Cell Cells in the sperm • Cells Cells in the nerves • It is Larger than the Prokaryotic • You have to use a microscope to see them

Tissues 2021-02-01

Tissues crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Consists of 3 types of protein fibers in the matrix; collagen, elastin, and reticular. Packing material around organs providing protection and cushion, helps attach skin to lower layers of tissue
  2. Consists of specialized cells called adipocytes appearing to be empty sacs, actually contain vacuole with ability to store large quantities of lipids
  3. Composed of muscle fiber cells meant for contractions
  4. Specialized cells generating/conducting electrical events, receives stimuli, conducts nerve impulses
  5. Column shaped cells. Found in the digestive tract and in female reproductive tract
  6. Platelets fragments from blood cells, dispersed in fluid matrix plasma. Forms blood clots to stop bleeding from blood vessel injury
  7. Study of Tissues
  8. Do not have ducts
  9. Consists of large chondrocytes surrounded by lacunae with elastic fibers and thin collagen fibers dispersed throughout the matrix. Gives tissues ability to stretch and resist tearing
  10. Red blood cells, small cells with a biconcave disc shape due to lack of nucleus dispersed in a fluid matrix called plasma. Carries oxygen, numerous in blood cells
  11. Have ducts
  12. that carry electrical impulses that make up a nerve impulse
  13. Consists of collagen fibers densely packed in matrix, leaving little room for specialized cells
  14. Thin, flat, plate-like cells allowing for easy diffusion of materials
  15. that provide support and protection for the neurons
  16. layer that can change their shape and fluctuate between squamous and cuboidal
Down
  1. Cube shaped cells, usually with a nucleus that is proportionally larger
  2. Consists of thin strands of bone, arranged in a lattice formation known as trabeculae interspersed throughout the matrix, containing red bone marrow producing blood cells
  3. fibers have a single nucleus found near the center of the fibers and lack striations
  4. Single layer of columnar cells with base of each cell occurring at same level
  5. fibers have single nucleus found near the center of the fibers and striations running perpendicular. Make up heart walls allow heart to pump blood
  6. Form a layer to separate tissues and organs, connect tissues to one another, store minerals, transports, protects
  7. Consists of small chondrocytes surrounded by lacunae and thick bundles of collagen fibers dispersed throughout the matrix in rows. Collagen fibers provide cushion between the intervertebral discs and joint capsules
  8. Group together to form organs, specific functions
  9. Consists of circular structures known as osteons. Each osteon consists of osteocytes surrounded by lacunae closely packed in a hardened matrix
  10. Protects underlying structures, acts as barriers, permitting passages of substance, secrete substances
  11. White blood cells, large cells with round shape due to the presence of nucleus dispersed in plasma. Defends body from harmful pathogens, only numerous when body fights infection
  12. Consists of large chondrocytes surrounded by lacunae grouped together, dense glassy matrix, collagen fibers not visible

28 Clues: Have ducts • Study of Tissues • Do not have ducts • Group together to form organs, specific functions • that provide support and protection for the neurons • Composed of muscle fiber cells meant for contractions • that carry electrical impulses that make up a nerve impulse • Thin, flat, plate-like cells allowing for easy diffusion of materials • ...

Chapter Two Project Crossword Puzzle 2013-10-02

Chapter Two Project Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The process of division of somatic cells in which each daughter cell receives the same amount of DNA as the parent cell
  2. The first phase of cell nucleus division, in which the chromosomes become visible, the cell nucleus starts to lose its identity, the mitotic spindle apparatus appears, and the centrioles migrate toward opposite poles
  3. transduction The intercellular or intracellular transfer of information
  4. The second phase of mitosis, in which the chromosomes line up across the equatorial plane of the spindle prior to separation
  5. he segment at the end of each chromosome arm which consists of a series of repeated DNA sequences that regulate chromosomal replication at each cell division
  6. The interval between two successive cell divisions during which the chromosomes are not individually distinguishable
  7. Cleavage of the cytoplasm into daughter cells following nuclear division
  8. Control center of a cell
  9. Slender, cylindrical filaments found in the cytoskeleton of plant and animal cells
  10. stem cells Stem cells that can become all the cell types that are found in an implanted embryo, fetus, or developed organism, but not embryonic components of the trophoblast and placenta
  11. A sac-like compartment inside a cell that has enzymes that can break down cellular components that need to be destroyed
  12. cycle The complete series of events from one cell division to the next
  13. Fats
  14. Any of the typically unicellular microorganisms that lack a distinct nucleus and membrane-bound organelles\
  15. Kingdom that includes organisms composed of one or more cells containing visibly evident nuclei and organelles
  16. A normal series of events in a cell that leads to its death
  17. apparatus A stack of flattened vesicles that functions in posttranslational processing and sorting of proteins
  18. The fluid inside a cell but outside the cell's nucleus
Down
  1. A specific region or amino acid sequence in a protein associated with a particular function or corresponding segment of DNA
  2. Any of the RNA- and protein-rich cytoplasmic organelles that are sites of protein synthesis
  3. The phase of cell nucleus division following metaphase, in which the chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles of the spindle
  4. Surface ligands, usually glycoproteins, that mediate cell-to-cell adhesion
  5. A sugar molecule
  6. A small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses molecular oxygen to oxidize organic molecules
  7. stem cells Bone marrow cells that (when signalled) mature into both red blood cells and white blood cells
  8. clock A person's innate sense of time
  9. adhesion Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells
  10. Powerhouse of the cell
  11. reticulum A system of interconnected vesicular and lamellar cytoplasmic membranes that functions especially in the transport of materials within the cell and that is studded with ribosomes in some places
  12. cells Early descendants of stem cells that can differentiate to form one or more kinds of cells, but cannot divide and reproduce indefinitely
  13. acids Any of various acids (as an RNA or a DNA) composed of nucleotide chains
  14. The protein complement of an organism coded for by its genome
  15. A molecule made up of amino acids that are needed for the body to function properly
  16. cells Cells from which other types of cells can develop

34 Clues: Fats • A sugar molecule • Powerhouse of the cell • Control center of a cell • clock A person's innate sense of time • The fluid inside a cell but outside the cell's nucleus • cells Cells from which other types of cells can develop • adhesion Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells • A normal series of events in a cell that leads to its death • ...

The Circulatory System 2013-10-02

The Circulatory System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. This side of the heart receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs
  2. the process of donating a specific blood component, such as red cells, plasma or platelets is called this
  3. The size of a red blood cell
  4. This is the largest artery in the body
  5. These kinds of white blood cells roll along blood vessel walls in search of bacteria to eat
  6. These connect arteries to veins
  7. White blood cells fight these
  8. This kind of blood cell makes up only 1% of your blood
  9. This body part is about equal in size to your heart
  10. This is the only vein that carries oxygenated blood in the body
  11. This is what is carried away from body tissues by the blood
  12. This pumps your blood
  13. This blood type is the universal recipient of red blood cells
  14. These cells are responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide
  15. These animals have over 800 blood types
  16. Where red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are made
  17. These carry blood back toward your heart
  18. This is how long a red blood cell lives for
  19. Red blood cells do not contain one of these, making it impossible to to repair themselves once damaged
  20. Makes blood red
  21. Another word for platelet
  22. This liquid portion of the blood makes up about 55% of the blood’s volume
  23. Earthworms, leeches, and insects have blood that is this color
  24. Blood vessels that carry oxygen rich blood away from the heart
  25. This is the number of liters of blood in the body
  26. Your heart is one of these
Down
  1. This is the movement of blood through the heart and around the body
  2. This is made up of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and liquid plasma
  3. The percentage of the human body weight that blood makes up
  4. This is the sound of the valves in the heart as they push blood from one chamber to another
  5. Another word for high blood pressure
  6. The color of lobster and crabs' blood
  7. The heart has this many ventricles, and also this many atria
  8. This is the only artery which carries deoxygenated blood
  9. A cancer of the blood system in which excess immature, white blood cells are produced
  10. This device separates plasma from the cells in blood
  11. This is a wall of tissue that separates the right and left sides of the heart
  12. This side of the heart receives blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the body
  13. A white blood cells life span
  14. These are blood cells that help stop bleeding
  15. There are this many chambers in the heart
  16. The study of blood is called this
  17. There are approximately 60,000 miles of these in the human body
  18. Most common type of blood cell
  19. Another word for a red blood cell
  20. White blood cells are also known as these
  21. The number of weeks that red blood cells can be stored for
  22. This blood type is the universal donor of red blood cells
  23. These are fibers that weave around platelets at a cut or injury to plug up the flow of blood and form a scab
  24. This is the shape of red blood cells
  25. The amount of blood that a newborn baby has in their body

51 Clues: Makes blood red • This pumps your blood • Another word for platelet • Your heart is one of these • The size of a red blood cell • White blood cells fight these • A white blood cells life span • Most common type of blood cell • These connect arteries to veins • The study of blood is called this • Another word for a red blood cell • Another word for high blood pressure • ...

Immunology Week 1 Exam 1 2023-10-17

Immunology Week 1 Exam 1 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. type of cell that contains granules packed with potent killing compounds
  2. test that healthcare professionals use to see composition of cells in blood
  3. most common assault to the immune system
  4. 2 layers on a cell that separate the inside of the cell from the outside of the cell
  5. body system that our immune cells flow in and out of through ducts and capillaries
  6. type of memory that some cells retain after seeing a type of pathogen
  7. % of total blood volume
  8. heaviest layer of blood made solely of red blood cells
  9. type of selection to let the body know which B-cells to make more of
  10. when an antibody is assembled by picking gene segments and pasting them together
  11. type of cell with no granules that circulates in the blood. Macrophages and dendritic cells
  12. special proteins that circulate the blood of immunized people
  13. type of cells that stick around as “leftovers” and are easier to activate
  14. protein that spans the cell membrane
  15. condition that results in low hemoglobin
  16. type of T-cell that directs the action and are cytokine factories
  17. eukaryotic pathogen can be unicellular or multicellular
  18. each virus has its own unique set of what?
  19. a tightly controlled process to create specialized cells from unspecialized cells
  20. lineage that creates red blood cells, platelets, myoblasts, and monocytes
  21. the study of the immune system
  22. what fungi cell walls are made of
Down
  1. largest invader
  2. type of cell that helps us to deal with larger parasites
  3. cell that lives in tissues on watch for chemical signals from injured cells or pathogens
  4. Prokaryote, second smallest pathogen
  5. type of cell that lives in the tissue and responds to invaders via phagocytosis
  6. smallest non-living pathogen
  7. immune response that is 2nd line of defense after skin. Mounts a response to a variety of well-known pathogens
  8. top, least dense layer of blood that contains proteins, nutrients, and hormones
  9. oxygen carrying protein
  10. where immune cells and blood cells originate
  11. when we react inappropriately to our own body
  12. specialized fluid that carries immune cells
  13. type of antibodies that can bind to a virus and keep the virus from entering a cell or reproducing
  14. proteins that macrophages produce and secrete when in battle. Recruits more defenders
  15. least common of the lymphocytes that contribute to allergy response
  16. bacterial cell wall with thick layer of peptidoglycan
  17. the cell that all other cells originate from
  18. most abundant type of lymphocyte that has a very short life
  19. immune response that must be activated and is specialized
  20. vesicle inside a phagocyte and destroys bacteria during phagocytosis
  21. bacterial cell wall with 2 membranes and thin peptidoglycan layer
  22. lineage that creates T-cell, B-cells, and natural killer cells
  23. agent that caused the antibodies to be made
  24. cells that help mount an allergic response and amplifying inflammatory signals
  25. to tag invaders for destruction
  26. what happens when a macrophage engulfs an invader into a vesicle
  27. middle layer of the blood that contains all leukocytes and platelets
  28. type of T-cell that keeps the immune system from over reacting
  29. type of T-cell that can destroy virus-infected cells

51 Clues: largest invader • oxygen carrying protein • % of total blood volume • smallest non-living pathogen • the study of the immune system • to tag invaders for destruction • what fungi cell walls are made of • Prokaryote, second smallest pathogen • protein that spans the cell membrane • most common assault to the immune system • condition that results in low hemoglobin • ...

Introduction to the Immune System 2020-07-10

Introduction to the Immune System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Strong acid and enzymes within this organ digests microbes preventing infection
  2. This term means a lack of immune response to a particular antigen; this is helpful in preventing the immune system from attacking the body
  3. Monocytes develop into these phagocytic cells when they migrate into tissues.
  4. This nonspecific barrier is covered with oily and acidic secretions from sweat and oil glands as well as enzymes that help to defend against invaders
  5. A group of proteins that help attract phagocytic cells to invaders and help burst foreign cells
  6. A type of B cell that is responsible for the faster antibody response that occurs when an organism has already been exposed to the antigen and has previously developed antibodies to it
  7. Also known as plasma cells, these lymphocytes make antibodies and so are vital for humoral immunity
  8. A Y shaped protein produced by plasma cells that binds to an antigen
  9. Microscopic single celled organism, some of which are beneficial and some of which cause disease
  10. This type of immunity does not involve antibodies; Cells directly attack cancer cells, body cells infected by viruses, and foreign tissue/material
  11. White blood cells
  12. An infectious agent that can only replicate inside the cells of living organisms
  13. This type of cell is part of the innate immune system and they kill cells without the need for antigen display
  14. This type of immunity involves the recognition and processing of an antigen such that a specific and targeted attack is made by the immune system which includes a memory response which will make future responses to that specific antigen faster and more efficient.
Down
  1. something capable of causing disease
  2. Any structure that generates an antibody response; may be pathogenic or nonpathogenic
  3. Redness, heat, pain, swelling and loss of function are hallmarks of this protective response to injury designed to help remove the inciting cause and speed healing.
  4. Another term that means antibody
  5. This type of T cell, also known as a Regulatory T Cell, serves to decrease the immune response thus helping to prevent autoimmune disease
  6. The term for the bacteria that live in the gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts that help prevent colonization of these areas by pathogenic bacteria
  7. A term meaning cellular eating where a cell engulfs a particle such as another cell, bacteria, or foreign material.
  8. When the body’s immune system attacks part of the body to which it should be tolerant, but isn’t
  9. Chemical properties of the antigen activate this type of immunity which consists of nonspecific physical barriers, proteins in the blood, and certain immune system cells
  10. A particular type of T cell that is part of the adaptive immune system; they activate B cells, macrophages, and cytotoxic T cells
  11. Small fingerlike projections help sweep invaders up the respiratory tract keeping them from invading the lungs
  12. This type of T cell kills damaged cells, cancer cells, and/or virus infected cells that are displaying specific antigens
  13. This class of lymphocytes are important in cell mediated immunity
  14. This type of immunity involves antibodies binding with antigen; it is most effective for viruses that lie outside body cells, bacteria, and toxins.

28 Clues: White blood cells • Another term that means antibody • something capable of causing disease • This class of lymphocytes are important in cell mediated immunity • A Y shaped protein produced by plasma cells that binds to an antigen • Monocytes develop into these phagocytic cells when they migrate into tissues. • ...

The Lymphatic System 2013-03-12

The Lymphatic System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. -produces memory cells and plasma cells
  2. -part of the second line of defence which ingests bacteria
  3. -marker that identifies a pathogen
  4. -the second line of defence using WBC’s to kill pathogens
  5. in RBC's -determines if it is negative or positive
  6. -interstitial fluid carried through the body
  7. -remembers pathogens to help with future invasions
Down
  1. -another term for nonspecific defence
  2. -kills any pathogens in the body
  3. -proteins that recognize and treat bacteria
  4. -third line of defence
  5. -slows the immune response to prevent destroying good tissue
  6. disorder -a condition where T-cells attack the body’s own cells
  7. -are lymphocytes that help, kill, supress & memorize pathogens
  8. -is a scavenger that ingests threatening pathogens

15 Clues: -third line of defence • -kills any pathogens in the body • -marker that identifies a pathogen • -another term for nonspecific defence • -produces memory cells and plasma cells • -proteins that recognize and treat bacteria • -interstitial fluid carried through the body • in RBC's -determines if it is negative or positive • ...

Protists vocabulary 2025-12-09

Protists vocabulary crossword puzzle
Across
  1. contains DNA
  2. first to see living cells and tiny organism in pond water.
  3. An organism that makes its own food,usually using sunlight.
  4. Everything is made up of cells
  5. stated that all animals are made of cells.
  6. First to see living cells using a microscope and named them "cells".
  7. A type of reproduction where one cell splits into two identical cells
  8. protective layer that surrounds the cell
Down
  1. discovered that all plants are made of cells
  2. Located outside of the cell
  3. Known as the"powerhouse" of the cell
  4. Discovered that all animals are made of cells
  5. storage areas for the cell
  6. Give plants their Green color
  7. an organism that gets food by eating other organisms

15 Clues: contains DNA • storage areas for the cell • Located outside of the cell • Give plants their Green color • Everything is made up of cells • Known as the"powerhouse" of the cell • protective layer that surrounds the cell • stated that all animals are made of cells. • discovered that all plants are made of cells • Discovered that all animals are made of cells • ...

Sompayrac Chapter 1 2022-01-19

Sompayrac Chapter 1 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The process of consuming and digesting cells and invaders
  2. Third line of defense that helps protect vertebrates from almost any invader
  3. Hormone-like messenger that facilitate communication between the cells of the immune system
  4. Type of binding that occurs after a helper T cell binds to a class II MHC molecule displaying a cognate antigen
  5. A sentinel that mostly is in a dormant state that lives in endothelial cells and recruits the rest of the innate immune system upon an infiltration
  6. Protein that is only found in the "hands" region of IgG antibody (two words)
  7. Makes it its business to eat invaders (2 words)
  8. The display of these proteins are only intended for the enlightenment of helper T cells; alerts of a problem outside of cells (three words, last one abbreviated)
  9. the process of only replicating B cells when their cognate antigen is found as to not waste space and resources to fight against invaders not currently in the body (two words)
  10. Antibody-like-molecule on the surface of T cells that is made by modular design strategy
  11. Digestive vesicle of cells that contains enzymes that could kill the host cell if released
  12. Destroys virus-infected cells by making contact with the cell and "assisting its suicide" (three words)
  13. Found on most cells surfaces of the body, informs T cells about what is going on inside the cell (three words, last one abbreviated)
  14. The disease that was collected from pus so Edward Jenner could inoculate James Phipps
  15. A protein that "presents" information for T cells to "view" about cells (three words)
  16. The type of cells that line the inside of capillaries
  17. The disease Edward Jenner vaccinated the English from in the 1790s
  18. The agent that causes an antibody to be made
  19. Second line of defense after the first line is breached (three words)
Down
  1. Directs action through secreting cytokines that have dramatic effects on other immune system cells (three words)
  2. Also known as the secondary lymphoid organ, this organ acts as a station to drop off the cargo that is invaders for B and T cells to attack and get rid of (two words).
  3. Helps keep the immune system from overreacting (three words)
  4. White blood cells that are born in the bone marrow and can mature to become antibody factories
  5. "Test batch" of antibodies (three words)
  6. Protein that is found in both the "hands" and "tail" regions of IgG antibody (two words)
  7. First line of defense against invaders (two words)
  8. Name of structure where an IgG binds to a cell surface (two words)
  9. Stops a virus from entering/reproducing within a cell
  10. The "tail" of an IgG antibody that can bind to receptors on cell surfaces (two words)
  11. Utilizes "one for me, one for you" process while replicating (2 words)
  12. what antibodies do to an invader, "to prepare for eating"
  13. "Leftover" B and T cells from an attack that are more numerous than inexperienced B and T cells and are easier to activate to help defend from following attacks.
  14. Immature macrophage cell that just left the bone marrow and entered the blood
  15. Prototype antibody (two words)
  16. Special proteins that circulate the blood of immunized individuals
  17. The "hand" of an IgG antibody (two words)
  18. Vesicle that a bacterium is engulfed in when a macrophage discovers it
  19. The molecule that fits the Fab region of a B cell receptor (two words)
  20. The only cells that can make class II MHC molecules

39 Clues: Prototype antibody (two words) • "Test batch" of antibodies (three words) • The "hand" of an IgG antibody (two words) • The agent that causes an antibody to be made • Makes it its business to eat invaders (2 words) • First line of defense against invaders (two words) • The only cells that can make class II MHC molecules • ...

Nutrition & Transport in Plants 2024-06-15

Nutrition & Transport in Plants crossword puzzle
Across
  1. xylems cells are dead at maturity, so no protoplasm and cross-walls to ______ waterflow through lumen
  2. irregularly shaped cells that allow for gaseous exchange in the leaf
  3. the phloem transports _______ from leaves to other parts of the plant
  4. light ____________ point is where rate of respiration = rate of photosynthesis
  5. companion cells contain many ____________ to carry out respiration and release energy for active transport of manufactured food substances from photosynthesis
  6. in the night, K+ ions move out of guard cells via diffusion, so water moves out of guard cells to neighbouring cells via osmosis, causing the guard cells to become _______, closing the stoma
  7. the transport of food in the phloem tissue
  8. the pores in the sieve plates allow for _____________ flow of food substances through the sieve tubes
  9. during the day, guard cells photosynthesise and energy is used to pump K+ ions into guard cells via active transport, so water from neighbouring cells enter via osmosis, causing the guard cells to swell and become ______, opening the stoma
  10. root hair cell has long and narrow protrusion to increase _______ ____ __ ______ _____ for rapid absorption of water and minerals
  11. upper epidermis and lower epidermis are single layers of closely-packed cells that function to protect the leaf from ________ ______
  12. inner walls of xylem are deposited with ______ to strengthen walls and provide support
  13. a phenomenon that occurs due to excessive transpiration, where plant cells become flaccid and leaves fold up to reduce water loss
  14. spongy mesophyll cells are covered in a thin film of ________ to allow carbon dioxide to dissolve in it
  15. the loss of water vapour from the stomata of the leaves through diffusion; a consequence of gaseous exchange in plants for photosynthesis to occur
  16. a transparent layer that coats the upper epidermis of the leaf
  17. root hair cell has many mitochondria to fuel more ______ for active transport of mineral salts into root hair cell
  18. tightly packed, regularly shaped cells that are the main site of photosynthesis in the leaf
  19. bean-shaped cells that surround the stomata to control the opening and closing of the stomata
  20. water enters root hair cells and subsequently the xylem via _______
  21. cuticle is waxy and waterproof to reduce _____ ____ through evaporation from the leaf
Down
  1. mineral salts enter root hair cells via diffusion or ______ _________
  2. the xylem transports water and _______ _____ from roots to other parts of the plant
  3. spongy mesophyll contains large _____________ ___ ______ to allow for quick diffusion of gases like carbon dioxide into all photosynthetic cells
  4. phloem is made up of sieve tube elements and companion cells, where the sieve tube has porous walls in between each sieve tube element called _____ ______
  5. the process in which green plants trap light energy and converts it into chemical energy for the formation of carbohydrates and its subsequent uses
  6. a factor that directly affects the process; by increasing its amount, it increases the rate of process
  7. at a constant temperature and carbon dioxide concentration, the rate of photosynthesis increases with increasing light intensity until it reaches a plateau, where light intensity becomes the limiting factor; this is called the light __________ point
  8. spongy mesophyll contains the ________ ______, which consists of xylem and phloem tissues that are responsible for the transport of substances in the plant
  9. root hair cell ____ ___ contains sugars, amino acids and mineral salts and that its water potential is lower than that of soil solution, to drive water potential gradient for osmosis
  10. palisade mesophyll contains the most number of ____________ among the tissue in the leaf to increase absorption of sunlight for photosynthesis (hint: organelle)
  11. the site of gaseous exchange in plants
  12. the pigment found in chloroplasts that traps light energy
  13. photosynthesis is a process that is highly dependent on _______, thus rate of photosynthesis is affected by temperature

34 Clues: the site of gaseous exchange in plants • the transport of food in the phloem tissue • the pigment found in chloroplasts that traps light energy • a transparent layer that coats the upper epidermis of the leaf • water enters root hair cells and subsequently the xylem via _______ • irregularly shaped cells that allow for gaseous exchange in the leaf • ...

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab 2025-04-07

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Also known as T8 cells, Dampens the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells and slows the immune process as the antigen stimulus lessens (2 words)
  2. Certain of the stem cells form forerunners of the immune system (2 words)
  3. The outer layer of lymphoid tissue
  4. A collection of the extra fluid that drains from cells and tissues in your body and isn't reabsorbed into your capillaries
  5. Spaces within the lymph lobules with relatively few cells (2 words)
  6. A type of adaptive immunity where B cells produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids and bind to antigens (3 words)
  7. A larger amoeboid cell
  8. Monitor the composition of lymph; site of cells that engulf pathogens; immune response (2 words)
  9. Blunt-ended lymphatic vessels located centrally in the intestinal villi
  10. Relies on T cells and other immune cells to directly target and destroy infected or abnormal cells (3 words)
  11. Paired masses of lymphatic tissue located in the back of the throat (2 words)
  12. Lymphoid organ because its functions are consistent with those of the lymphatic system and its cells are lymphatic cells
  13. Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words)
  14. The first type of antibody produced by the body that responds to infections (3 letters)
  15. Common type of antibody (3 letters)
  16. Mass of tissue at the roof of the pharynx (2 words)
  17. Antibody that reacts to allergic reactions (3 letters)
  18. in the wall of the intestinal tract, particularly in the ileum (2 words)
  19. A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that plays a crucial role in the immune system, specifically in the lymphatic system, by directly destroying infected or cancerous cells (2 words)
  20. A type of white blood cells that make antibodies
  21. Aggregates of lymph node tissue located under the epithelial lining of the oral and pharyngeal cavities
Down
  1. Vessels leaving the lymph nodes
  2. In the tissue of the tongue (2 words)
  3. Set of proteins. On their surface they identify as “self.” (3 words)
  4. A group of high-activity, antibody-producing cells (2 words)
  5. Functions as the receptor site on B-lymphocytes for stimulating activation (3 letters)
  6. Person who becomes tolerant to “self” and will remain able to respond only to antigens interpreted as nonself
  7. The largest lymphatic vessel of the body(2 words)
  8. An immune response
  9. A set of primitive cells (2 words)
  10. Highly reactive proteins
  11. support main cells of the lymph nodes (B and T-lymphocytes) (2 words)
  12. A lymphatic vessel that collects lymph fluid from the upper right quadrant of the body and drains it into the venous system (3 words)
  13. Accumulation of intestinal fluid in the spaces between the cells
  14. A network of thin, tube-like structures that transfer lymph fluid throughout the body(2 words)
  15. Consists of eight polypeptide chains (3 letters)
  16. Where blood enters the spleen (2 words)
  17. A small, discrete section within the lymph nodes and the thymus
  18. Area where large blood vessels enter and leave the spleen
  19. Protein to fight off diseases
  20. A substance, often a protein, that triggers an immune response by activating lymphocytes and other immune cells
  21. Lymphatic organ located between the lungs and acts as storage for lymphocytes
  22. Also known as T4 cells, Type of white blood cell that develops in the thymus (2 words)
  23. Microscopic tubes making up the network(2 words)
  24. central region of lymph nodes that has fewer lymphocytes
  25. A type of white blood cell that plays a role in the adaptive immune system

46 Clues: An immune response • A larger amoeboid cell • Highly reactive proteins • Protein to fight off diseases • Vessels leaving the lymph nodes • The outer layer of lymphoid tissue • A set of primitive cells (2 words) • Common type of antibody (3 letters) • In the tissue of the tongue (2 words) • Where blood enters the spleen (2 words) • Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words) • ...

Organelle 2025-10-06

Organelle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. A membrane bound structure in eukaryotic cells that produces energy that is then stored as ATP.
  2. This structure can be found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and works as a system of folded membranes. It uses exocytosis for secretion from the cell.
  3. A particle in which is the location for protein synthesis in the cell.
  4. The section of the endoplasmic reticulum that has a tubular appearance but no ribosomes.
  5. A structure that gives cells their shape and is the outermost layer in which the contents can expand to. Found in cells in plants, fungi, protists, and most prokaryotes.
  6. A single membrane organelle that holds reactions where toxic peroxides are formed then turned into water.
  7. A membrane bound structure found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that function as the digestive system of the cell.
Down
  1. A short hairlike organelle on the surface of some cells that moves water relative to the cell.
  2. The area that holds all the elements of the cell except for the nucleus .
  3. A structure that holds the chromosomes of prokaryotic cells and is not bounded by a membrane.
  4. The section of the endoplasmic reticulum that has ribosomes attached to its outermost side.
  5. A membrane enclosed organelle in plant cells that provides storage and handles waste products.
  6. A structure that connects prokaryote cells at beginning of conjugation.
  7. A double membrane bound organelle found in the cytoplasm of plant cells that contain pigment or food.
  8. A structure that is long in length and propels cells.
  9. Structure located in the center of eukaryotic cells that holds the chromosomes of the cell. It is also bounded by a double membrane.
  10. An organelle that turns stored lipids into carbohydrates in plants.
  11. A structure that is found in eukaryotic cells and consists of microtubules and microfiliments. Its function is to give the cell its shape and to help arrange the components of the cell.

18 Clues: A structure that is long in length and propels cells. • An organelle that turns stored lipids into carbohydrates in plants. • A particle in which is the location for protein synthesis in the cell. • A structure that connects prokaryote cells at beginning of conjugation. • The area that holds all the elements of the cell except for the nucleus . • ...

anatomy tissue vocab 2025-11-07

anatomy tissue vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. single layer of epithelial cells
  2. connective tissue providing more elasticity than rigidity found in vessels
  3. unstructured material that fills the space between the cells in connective tissue, contain fibers
  4. A connective tissue that is more flexible than bone and does not contain any blood or nerves.
  5. Loose connective tissue dominated by adipocytes -which store fat and insulate body
  6. calcified connective tissue
  7. tall thick epithelial cells, absorb nutrients, produce secretions, elliptical nuclei
  8. nerve cell the basic building block of the nervous system
  9. type of cartilage that covers the ends of bones joining ribcage forming nose
  10. cartilage that contains fibrous bundles of collagen, good at withstanding pressure such as that of the intervertebral disks in the spinal cord.
  11. A connective tissue with a fluid matrix called plasma in which red blood cells, white blood cells, and cell fragments called platelets are suspended.
  12. red blood cells
  13. bone tissue found in heads of long bones and inner layer of long bones with space for bone marrow.
  14. blood clotting cell fragments
  15. Type of cartilage that has a little bit of flexibility; found on the external ear
  16. thinner fiber proteins found in connective tissue
  17. one layer of epithelial cells with different shapes and sizes
Down
  1. connective tissue with regularly organized high density collagen bundles in tendons and ligaments
  2. white blood cells
  3. A body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts move
  4. bone tissue that is dense with no visible spaces
  5. composed of cells that are specialized to produce and secrete hormones and other substances.
  6. connective tissue with irregular fibers arranged erratically, found in places with tension in all directions (skin).
  7. connective tissue with fewer fibers, more cells, more ground substance
  8. cells cube shaped epithelial cells, absorb nutrients, produce secretions,
  9. provide support and structure to the otherwise shapeless ground substance
  10. Voluntary muscle pulls on bones and causes body movements. Striated and multi-nucleated
  11. Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the body. lacks striation, uninucleate.
  12. layer consisting of several layers of epithelial cells
  13. cells flat epithelial cells, fast absorption and diffusion, making thin membranes
  14. Tissue that covers outside of the body and lines organs and cavities. Serves as a protective barrier, secretes substances, and absorbs substances
  15. specialized muscle tissue found only in the heart. involuntary, striated, uninucleate, branched
  16. abundant strong fiber protein found in connective tissue
  17. that senses stimuli and transmits signals.
  18. glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
  19. short fine collagen fibers with extra glycoprotein, form supportive nets in connective tissue
  20. tissue that provides support for your body and connects all its parts
  21. loose connective tissue not composed of collagen & elastin, supports development of and storage of blood cells.
  22. loose connective tissue most common found with epithelial tissue
  23. secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body

40 Clues: red blood cells • white blood cells • calcified connective tissue • blood clotting cell fragments • single layer of epithelial cells • that senses stimuli and transmits signals. • bone tissue that is dense with no visible spaces • thinner fiber proteins found in connective tissue • layer consisting of several layers of epithelial cells • ...

HEMA311 2025-12-09

HEMA311 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. – Maturation into specialized form.
  2. – Oval-shaped red blood cell.
  3. – Greenish tumor of myeloid cells.
  4. – Blood in urine.
  5. – Increased platelet count.
  6. – Immature neutrophil.
  7. – Nucleated red cell precursor.
  8. – Directed movement of cells.
  9. – Formation of all blood cells.
  10. – Reduced bone marrow activity.
  11. – Malignancy of plasma cells.
  12. – Dense granules in leukocytes.
  13. – Increased red blood cell mass.
  14. – Later granulocyte precursor.
  15. – Precursor cell before monocyte.
  16. – Immature granulocyte precursor.
  17. – Rapid increase in number of cells.
  18. – Variation in red cell shapes.
  19. – Excess nuclear lobes in neutrophils.
  20. – Cell ingestion of particles.
  21. – Increased eosinophils.
  22. – Increased neutrophils.
  23. – Excess fibrous connective tissue formation.
  24. – Abnormal red blood cell formation.
  25. – Increased granulocytes.
  26. – Fibrous replacement of bone marrow.
  27. – Passage of cells through vessel walls.
  28. – Abnormally large red blood cells.
  29. – Enlarged abnormal red cell precursor.
  30. – Compulsive consumption of ice.
  31. – Protein responsible for storing iron.
  32. – Immature monocyte precursor.
  33. – Elevated lymphocytes.
  34. – Decreased white blood cells.
  35. – Decrease in all blood cell types.
  36. – Malignancy of blood-forming tissues.
  37. (45 words)
  38. – Inherited disorder affecting globin chain production.
  39. – Iron-storage pigment.
  40. – Fragmented red blood cell.
  41. – Uncontrolled cell death.
  42. – Programmed cell death.
  43. – Increased monocytes.
  44. – Enlarged spleen.
  45. – Immature lymphoid precursor.
  46. – Round red blood cell lacking central pallor.
  47. – Iron deposition in tissues.
  48. – Inherited hypolobulated neutrophil.
  49. – Elevated basophils.
  50. – Bluish immature red blood cells.
  51. – Genetic iron overload disorder.
Down
  1. – Presence of unusually small red blood cells.
  2. – Tissue macrophage.
  3. – Decreased lymphocytes.
  4. – Disorders of hemoglobin structure.
  5. – Abnormal blood cell maturation.
  6. – Red cell with slit-like pallor.
  7. – Red blood cell precursor containing iron granules.
  8. – Burr cell with uniform projections.
  9. – Platelet disorder with giant platelets.
  10. – Production of red blood cells.
  11. – Enzyme in myeloid cells used for staining.
  12. – Target cell with bull’s-eye appearance.
  13. – Malignancy of lymphoid tissue.
  14. – Immature red blood cell.
  15. – Nucleated developing RBC.
  16. – Disorder with giant lysosomal granules.
  17. – Destruction of red blood cells.
  18. – Disorder of heme metabolism.
  19. – Spiculated red blood cell.
  20. – Elevated bilirubin in blood.
  21. – Enlarged liver.
  22. – Yellowing of skin from excess bilirubin.
  23. – Low red blood cell or hemoglobin level.
  24. – Excessive red blood cell production.
  25. – Mature plasma cell.
  26. – Enzyme stain for leukocyte differentiation.
  27. – Abnormal cellular development.
  28. – Craving for non-food items.
  29. – Accumulation of abnormal cells in tissue.
  30. – Decreased neutrophils.
  31. – Pale red blood cells due to decreased hemoglobin.
  32. – Granule-rich early precursor.
  33. – Lipid stain used for myeloid cells.
  34. – Decreased platelet count.
  35. – Teardrop-shaped red blood cell.
  36. – Developing granulocyte precursor.
  37. – Color shift of mast cell granules.
  38. – Iron-containing mature red blood cell.
  39. – Earliest recognizable RBC precursor.
  40. – Variation in red cell sizes.
  41. – Elevated white blood cell count.
  42. – Spoon-shaped fingernails indicating iron deficiency.

93 Clues: (45 words) • – Blood in urine. • – Enlarged liver. • – Enlarged spleen. • – Tissue macrophage. • – Mature plasma cell. • – Elevated basophils. • – Immature neutrophil. • – Increased monocytes. • – Elevated lymphocytes. • – Iron-storage pigment. • – Decreased lymphocytes. • – Increased eosinophils. • – Increased neutrophils. • – Decreased neutrophils. • – Programmed cell death. • ...

Immunology Acronyms 2022-09-25

Immunology Acronyms crossword puzzle
Across
  1. immune response
  2. C-reactive protein: acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine
  3. Antigen presenting cell: able to present antigen via MHC molecules to T cell receptors on T cells
  4. Macrophage: large mononuclear phagocyte that takes residence in many different tissue and organs
  5. Ag: a molecule that is recognized in native structure by antibodies, B cell receptor or peptide presented by MHC molecules to T cell receptor.
  6. End state of disease of HIV infection
  7. Mannose-binding lectin: soluble acute phase response protein that can bind mannose on pathogens
  8. systemic lupus erythematosus
  9. Major histocompatibility complex: involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to T cells
  10. Cell mediated immunity: major role of effector T cells
  11. Dendritic cell: a type of APC that presents antigen
  12. receptor TCR: the Ag receptor on T cells
  13. Surface immunoglobulin: an immunoglobulin that is expressed on B cell surface
  14. Toll-like receptor: a family of Pattern Recognition Receptors present on many leukocytes
  15. cell Natural killer cell: large granular lymphocyte that serves as an innate effector cell
Down
  1. Complementary determining regions: regions of antigen binding loops of lg molecules
  2. Family names of chemokine receptors, the receptors that chemokine bind to cell attraction
  3. Intracellular adhesion molecules: critical in binding of lymphocytes
  4. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes: white blood cells with multi-lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules
  5. Cell adhesion molecule
  6. Human leukocyte antigen: name of MHC gene complex and protein in humans
  7. Regulatory CD4+ T cells: a T cell subset responsible for suppressing immune responses
  8. Ig: protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
  9. Antiboy dependent cellular cytotoxicity; NK cells use to induce apoptosis in virally infected cells
  10. Lipopolysaccharide: a cell wall component of gram negative bacteria
  11. Pathogen associated molecular patterns: repeating molecular patterns on microbes
  12. Autoimmune regulator: transcribed by a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the thymus
  13. Cluster of differentiation: immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
  14. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes: CD8+T cells with the effector function of killing virally infected cells
  15. Family names of chemokine, chemicals that are a sub-class of cytokines

30 Clues: immune response • Cell adhesion molecule • systemic lupus erythematosus • End state of disease of HIV infection • receptor TCR: the Ag receptor on T cells • Dendritic cell: a type of APC that presents antigen • Cell mediated immunity: major role of effector T cells • Ig: protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong • ...

Immune System 2023-03-03

Immune System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells.
  2. provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system.
  3. specific lymphocytes that produce antibodies as part of the adaptive immune response.
  4. mean by which the body is given immunity to a disease by intentional exposure to small quantities of it.
  5. type of immune cell that is made in the bone marrow and is found in the blood and in lymph tissue.
  6. nonspecific resistance that destroys invaders in a generalized way without targeting specific individuals:
  7. protein made by plasma cells (a type of white blood cell) in response to an antigen
  8. responds to antigens by producing cells that directly attack the pathogen, or by producing special proteins called antibodies
  9. key player of the adaptive immune response that is responsible for humoral immunity in mammals.
  10. happens when germs like bacteria and fungi develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them.
  11. medicines that fight bacterial infections in people and animals
  12. acquired from exposure to the disease organism through infection with the actual disease.
Down
  1. physical and chemical barriers that are always ready and prepared to defend the body from infection
  2. Any substance that causes the body to make an immune response against that substance.
  3. cell produced through hematopoiesis and found mainly in the blood
  4. results when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease.
  5. act of introducing a vaccine into the body to produce protection from a specific disease.
  6. white blood cells that play a central role in the adaptive immune system, where the body adapts specificity to foreign antigen
  7. lymphocytes known as B cells and T cells.
  8. type of immune cell that can surround and kill microorganisms, ingest foreign material, and remove dead cells.

20 Clues: lymphocytes known as B cells and T cells. • medicines that fight bacterial infections in people and animals • cell produced through hematopoiesis and found mainly in the blood • protein made by plasma cells (a type of white blood cell) in response to an antigen • Any substance that causes the body to make an immune response against that substance. • ...

inflammation by Messelleka Mohammed Fadi Nadim 2024-05-12

inflammation by Messelleka Mohammed Fadi Nadim crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Diagnostic examination of tissue removed from a living body.
  2. The body's ability to resist or eliminate potentially harmful foreign materials or abnormal cells.
  3. Microorganisms or viruses that can cause disease.
  4. Increase in size or volume due to fluid accumulation in tissues.
  5. A compound released by cells in response to injury and in allergic and inflammatory reactions.
  6. Biological response to remove harmful stimuli and start the healing process.
  7. Fluid rich in protein and cellular elements, which oozes out from blood vessels due to inflammation.
  8. Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with tissue damage.
  9. Substance that induces an immune response, particularly the production of antibodies.
  10. A subtype of white blood cell found in the lymphatic system.
  11. Swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in body tissues.
  12. Small proteins released by cells that affect the behavior of other cells.
  13. Bodily fluid in animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to cells.
  14. White blood cells that are part of the immune system.
  15. Damage to the body caused by external force, chemical action, or pathogenic organisms.
  16. Death of cells or tissues through disease or injury.
Down
  1. Reduction of the activation or efficacy of the immune system.
  2. The dilation of blood vessels, which decreases blood pressure.
  3. Fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin after an injury.
  4. Groups of cells that perform specific functions within organisms.
  5. Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, causing illness.
  6. Liquid component of blood that carries cells and proteins throughout the body.
  7. Large white blood cells that ingest and digest cellular debris, foreign substances, microbes, and cancer cells.
  8. Poisonous or harmful substances produced by living organisms.
  9. The process of restoration of health from an unbalanced, diseased, or damaged organism.
  10. Proteins generated by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects.
  11. A type of white blood cell that forms an essential part of the immune system's response to infection.
  12. Tubes in the body that carry fluids such as blood or lymph.
  13. Elevated body temperature as a systemic response to infection or inflammation.
  14. The basic structural and functional units of living organisms.

30 Clues: Microorganisms or viruses that can cause disease. • Death of cells or tissues through disease or injury. • White blood cells that are part of the immune system. • Swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in body tissues. • Fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin after an injury. • Tubes in the body that carry fluids such as blood or lymph. • ...

biology hots team 3 2024-08-29

biology hots team 3 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. unique large macromolecule, a polysaccharide, consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms a mesh-like layer that surrounds the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane
  2. abnormal contraction or formation of nodules around the edges of cells after being placed in a hypertonic solution, due to loss of water through osmosis
  3. the process of removing substances from the cell
  4. body processing and modifying proteins
  5. the condition of plant cells that swell due to water entering the cell membrane
  6. which secretes saliva
  7. is a source of energy and helps the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
  8. protecting cells, giving cell shape, and forming cilia, and centrioles are the functions of...
  9. regulate fluid balance in the body
  10. means of cellular respiration and energy production in the form of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
  11. Phagocytic cells play an important role in devouring foreign objects that enter the body, so there are many organelles in phagocytic cells, namelyThe organelles that all living things have, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are
  12. eat pathogens that enter the blood
  13. part of a stacked group of thylakoids
  14. monoterpenoid colorless liquid, and a bicyclic ether
  15. one of the types of microbodies or microbodies in plant cellsLeeuwenhoek
  16. organelles that do not exist in plants
  17. Fat compounds produced by various cells in the body
Down
  1. as a light reaction center
  2. catches food and moves in the desired direction.
  3. fluid-filled cytoplasmic organel
  4. maintain and strengthen the shape of cells as well as the movement of organelles and components contained in cells.
  5. the event of rupture or damage to the integrity of the cell membrane and causing the release of cell organelles
  6. the process in which cells lose water in a hypertonic solution
  7. the process of eating solid objects
  8. produces fluids high in fructose
  9. as a place where cellular respiration takes place
  10. cell movement, especially as part of muscle cell contraction
  11. the first person to see microorganisms
  12. Mitochondria were first observed and isolated from cells in 1850 by
  13. The organelles that all living things have, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are

30 Clues: which secretes saliva • as a light reaction center • fluid-filled cytoplasmic organel • produces fluids high in fructose • regulate fluid balance in the body • eat pathogens that enter the blood • the process of eating solid objects • part of a stacked group of thylakoids • the first person to see microorganisms • organelles that do not exist in plants • ...

Sompayrac Chapter 1 2022-01-19

Sompayrac Chapter 1 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Name of structure where an IgG binds to a cell surface (two words)
  2. Vesicle that a bacterium is engulfed in when a macrophage discovers it
  3. Protein that is found in both the "hands" and "tail" regions of IgG antibody (two words)
  4. Immature macrophage cell that just left the bone marrow and entered the blood
  5. Second line of defense after the first line is breached (three words)
  6. The type of cells that line the inside of capillaries
  7. The "hand" of an IgG antibody (two words)
  8. "Test batch" of antibodies (three words)
  9. Also known as the secondary lymphoid organ, this organ acts as a station to drop off the cargo that is invaders for B and T cells to attack and get rid of (two words).
  10. Antibody-like-molecule on the surface of T cells that is made by modular design strategy
  11. The only cells that can make class II MHC molecules
  12. Makes it its business to eat invaders (2 words)
  13. The disease Edward Jenner vaccinated the English from in the 1790s
  14. Destroys virus-infected cells by making contact with the cell and "assisting its suicide" (three words)
  15. Third line of defense that helps protect vertebrates from almost any invader
  16. Digestive vesicle of cells that contains enzymes that could kill the host cell if released
  17. The "tail" of an IgG antibody that can bind to receptors on cell surfaces (two words)
  18. The display of these proteins are only intended for the enlightenment of helper T cells; alerts of a problem outside of cells (three words, last one abbreviated)
  19. The disease that was collected from pus so Edward Jenner could inoculate James Phipps
  20. First line of defense against invaders (two words)
  21. A protein that "presents" information for T cells to "view" about cells (three words)
  22. Protein that is only found in the "hands" region of IgG antibody (two words)
  23. the process of only replicating B cells when their cognate antigen is found as to not waste space and resources to fight against invaders not currently in the body (two words)
Down
  1. Utilizes "one for me, one for you" process while replicating (2 words)
  2. The agent that causes an antibody to be made
  3. Prototype antibody (two words)
  4. Special proteins that circulate the blood of immunized individuals
  5. Directs action through secreting cytokines that have dramatic effects on other immune system cells (three words)
  6. Stops a virus from entering/reproducing within a cell
  7. Type of binding that occurs after a helper T cell binds to a class II MHC molecule displaying a cognate antigen
  8. what antibodies do to an invader, "to prepare for eating"
  9. Hormone-like messenger that facilitate communication between the cells of the immune system
  10. Found on most cells surfaces of the body, informs T cells about what is going on inside the cell (three words, last one abbreviated)
  11. The process of consuming and digesting cells and invaders
  12. White blood cells that are born in the bone marrow and can mature to become antibody factories
  13. "Leftover" B and T cells from an attack that are more numerous than inexperienced B and T cells and are easier to activate to help defend from following attacks.
  14. Helps keep the immune system from overreacting (three words)
  15. The molecule that fits the Fab region of a B cell receptor (two words)
  16. A sentinel that mostly is in a dormant state that lives in endothelial cells and recruits the rest of the innate immune system upon an infiltration

39 Clues: Prototype antibody (two words) • "Test batch" of antibodies (three words) • The "hand" of an IgG antibody (two words) • The agent that causes an antibody to be made • Makes it its business to eat invaders (2 words) • First line of defense against invaders (two words) • The only cells that can make class II MHC molecules • ...

Immunology 2025-04-01

Immunology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Tc or Th recognize the antigen presented on surface of APC, stimulates the proliferation of Tc or Th clones and memory cells
  2. accumulation of fluid-neutrophils enter site and phagocytose any cell debris or bacteria, 3rd stage of inflammation
  3. WBC migrate towards a chemical stimulus
  4. immunity that is Antibody mediated (B cells )
  5. Inflammation signal that causes cells to migrate to the area, 1st step of phagocytosis
  6. plasma-like liquid carried by the lymphatic system
  7. also known as Tc cells, Carry out attacks
  8. Changes in vasculature-vasoconstriction and calls immune cells to area, 1st stage of inflammation
  9. englufed vesicles fuses with vesicle containing digestive fluid, 4th step in phagocytosis
  10. Stimulates a primary response and a memory response, Primes the immune system for future exposure to a virulent pathogen.
  11. All purpose phagocytic cells that engulf and kills bacteria, it is the primary component of pus.
  12. Lives in certain tissue for their whole life ex: Alveolar-lung, dendritic cells- skin, kupffer cells - liver
  13. antibodies pass from mother to fetus via placenta: or to infant in her milk
  14. Injection of immune serum (Gamma Globulin)
  15. monomer in plasma, dimer in mucus, saliva, tears, milk, intestinal secretions, prevents adherence to the epithelia
  16. also known as Th cells, secretes interleukins, attracts and stimulates activity of other immune cells, coordination of both cellular and humoral immunity
  17. Monomer, 80% circulating, crosses placenta to fetus, 2 degree immune response.
  18. develop in the bone marrow
  19. debris given off from the cell, 6th step in phagocytosis
  20. substance that prompts the generation of antibodies and triggers and immune response
  21. bacteria eaten and taken into vesicle, 3rd step in phagocytosis
  22. inflammation of the meninges
  23. Monomer, B cell membrane antigen receptor
  24. Key signs include; redness, warmth, swelling and pain
  25. Another word for antibodies, Defensive protein in blood plasma and body secretions:4 polypeptide chains
  26. Movement of WBC from the blood into tissue
  27. also known as Tm cells, provide immunity from future exposure to antigen
  28. 2nd step of phagocytosis, pattern recognition receptors identify and stick to foreign cells
  29. Immunity that is cell-mediated ( T cells)
Down
  1. Vaccine; dead or attenuated pathogens
  2. a network of connecgtive tissues that support cells of the body and provides a passsageway between tissues and organs
  3. When reexposed to the same pathogen, the body reacts so quickly that there is no noticeable illness
  4. Foreign cells are broken into small pieces, 5th step in phagocytosis
  5. Fluid leaks from cells and blood vessels
  6. Infection; contact with a pathogen
  7. Cell bound antigens (Clumping)
  8. filters blood, removes old RBC from circulation, storage site for blood
  9. return to healthy tissue, the 4th stage of inflammation
  10. Cells of the immune system that digest foreign cells and particles and place pieces of them on their own surfaces in such a way that other cells of the immune system recognize them.
  11. small encapsulated, bean-shaped organs, that cluster along lymphatic vessels, theres a high number in the thoracic and abdominal cavities
  12. a small gland partly in the neck and partly in the thorax
  13. Decreased permeability of the walls of blood vessels in the brain, restricting access to that compartment.
  14. Monomer, on mast cells, stimulates release of histamines, attracts eosinophils
  15. Pentamer, 10% in plasma, 1 degree immune response
  16. Abnormally elevated body temperature.
  17. 26 Plasma proteins that work together to destroy bacteria and viruses
  18. Immunity directed against a particular pathogen
  19. 2nd stage of inflammation vasodilation increase blood flow bring immune components fluid leaks into extracellular area
  20. Mature in the thymus
  21. - pathogen associated molecular patterns - considered red flags
  22. Small protein produced by WBC and tissue cells

51 Clues: Mature in the thymus • develop in the bone marrow • inflammation of the meninges • Cell bound antigens (Clumping) • Infection; contact with a pathogen • Vaccine; dead or attenuated pathogens • Abnormally elevated body temperature. • WBC migrate towards a chemical stimulus • Fluid leaks from cells and blood vessels • also known as Tc cells, Carry out attacks • ...

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab 2025-04-07

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Also known as T8 cells, Dampens the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells and slows the immune process as the antigen stimulus lessens (2 words)
  2. Certain of the stem cells form forerunners of the immune system (2 words)
  3. The outer layer of lymphoid tissue
  4. A collection of the extra fluid that drains from cells and tissues in your body and isn't reabsorbed into your capillaries
  5. Spaces within the lymph lobules with relatively few cells (2 words)
  6. A type of adaptive immunity where B cells produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids and bind to antigens (3 words)
  7. A larger amoeboid cell
  8. Monitor the composition of lymph; site of cells that engulf pathogens; immune response (2 words)
  9. Blunt-ended lymphatic vessels located centrally in the intestinal villi
  10. Relies on T cells and other immune cells to directly target and destroy infected or abnormal cells (3 words)
  11. Paired masses of lymphatic tissue located in the back of the throat (2 words)
  12. Lymphoid organ because its functions are consistent with those of the lymphatic system and its cells are lymphatic cells
  13. Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words)
  14. The first type of antibody produced by the body that responds to infections (3 letters)
  15. Common type of antibody (3 letters)
  16. Mass of tissue at the roof of the pharynx (2 words)
  17. Antibody that reacts to allergic reactions (3 letters)
  18. in the wall of the intestinal tract, particularly in the ileum (2 words)
  19. A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that plays a crucial role in the immune system, specifically in the lymphatic system, by directly destroying infected or cancerous cells (2 words)
  20. A type of white blood cells that make antibodies
  21. Aggregates of lymph node tissue located under the epithelial lining of the oral and pharyngeal cavities
Down
  1. Vessels leaving the lymph nodes
  2. In the tissue of the tongue (2 words)
  3. Set of proteins. On their surface they identify as “self.” (3 words)
  4. A group of high-activity, antibody-producing cells (2 words)
  5. Functions as the receptor site on B-lymphocytes for stimulating activation (3 letters)
  6. Person who becomes tolerant to “self” and will remain able to respond only to antigens interpreted as nonself
  7. The largest lymphatic vessel of the body(2 words)
  8. An immune response
  9. A set of primitive cells (2 words)
  10. Highly reactive proteins
  11. support main cells of the lymph nodes (B and T-lymphocytes) (2 words)
  12. A lymphatic vessel that collects lymph fluid from the upper right quadrant of the body and drains it into the venous system (3 words)
  13. Accumulation of intestinal fluid in the spaces between the cells
  14. A network of thin, tube-like structures that transfer lymph fluid throughout the body(2 words)
  15. Consists of eight polypeptide chains (3 letters)
  16. Where blood enters the spleen (2 words)
  17. A small, discrete section within the lymph nodes and the thymus
  18. Area where large blood vessels enter and leave the spleen
  19. Protein to fight off diseases
  20. A substance, often a protein, that triggers an immune response by activating lymphocytes and other immune cells
  21. Lymphatic organ located between the lungs and acts as storage for lymphocytes
  22. Also known as T4 cells, Type of white blood cell that develops in the thymus (2 words)
  23. Microscopic tubes making up the network(2 words)
  24. central region of lymph nodes that has fewer lymphocytes
  25. A type of white blood cell that plays a role in the adaptive immune system

46 Clues: An immune response • A larger amoeboid cell • Highly reactive proteins • Protein to fight off diseases • Vessels leaving the lymph nodes • The outer layer of lymphoid tissue • A set of primitive cells (2 words) • Common type of antibody (3 letters) • In the tissue of the tongue (2 words) • Where blood enters the spleen (2 words) • Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words) • ...

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab 2025-04-07

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Also known as T8 cells, Dampens the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells and slows the immune process as the antigen stimulus lessens (2 words)
  2. Certain of the stem cells form forerunners of the immune system (2 words)
  3. The outer layer of lymphoid tissue
  4. A collection of the extra fluid that drains from cells and tissues in your body and isn't reabsorbed into your capillaries
  5. Spaces within the lymph lobules with relatively few cells (2 words)
  6. A type of adaptive immunity where B cells produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids and bind to antigens (3 words)
  7. A larger amoeboid cell
  8. Monitor the composition of lymph; site of cells that engulf pathogens; immune response (2 words)
  9. Blunt-ended lymphatic vessels located centrally in the intestinal villi
  10. Relies on T cells and other immune cells to directly target and destroy infected or abnormal cells (3 words)
  11. Paired masses of lymphatic tissue located in the back of the throat (2 words)
  12. Lymphoid organ because its functions are consistent with those of the lymphatic system and its cells are lymphatic cells
  13. Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words)
  14. The first type of antibody produced by the body that responds to infections (3 letters)
  15. Common type of antibody (3 letters)
  16. Mass of tissue at the roof of the pharynx (2 words)
  17. Antibody that reacts to allergic reactions (3 letters)
  18. in the wall of the intestinal tract, particularly in the ileum (2 words)
  19. A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that plays a crucial role in the immune system, specifically in the lymphatic system, by directly destroying infected or cancerous cells (2 words)
  20. A type of white blood cells that make antibodies
  21. Aggregates of lymph node tissue located under the epithelial lining of the oral and pharyngeal cavities
Down
  1. Vessels leaving the lymph nodes
  2. In the tissue of the tongue (2 words)
  3. Set of proteins. On their surface they identify as “self.” (3 words)
  4. A group of high-activity, antibody-producing cells (2 words)
  5. Functions as the receptor site on B-lymphocytes for stimulating activation (3 letters)
  6. Person who becomes tolerant to “self” and will remain able to respond only to antigens interpreted as nonself
  7. The largest lymphatic vessel of the body(2 words)
  8. An immune response
  9. A set of primitive cells (2 words)
  10. Highly reactive proteins
  11. support main cells of the lymph nodes (B and T-lymphocytes) (2 words)
  12. A lymphatic vessel that collects lymph fluid from the upper right quadrant of the body and drains it into the venous system (3 words)
  13. Accumulation of intestinal fluid in the spaces between the cells
  14. A network of thin, tube-like structures that transfer lymph fluid throughout the body(2 words)
  15. Consists of eight polypeptide chains (3 letters)
  16. Where blood enters the spleen (2 words)
  17. A small, discrete section within the lymph nodes and the thymus
  18. Area where large blood vessels enter and leave the spleen
  19. Protein to fight off diseases
  20. A substance, often a protein, that triggers an immune response by activating lymphocytes and other immune cells
  21. Lymphatic organ located between the lungs and acts as storage for lymphocytes
  22. Also known as T4 cells, Type of white blood cell that develops in the thymus (2 words)
  23. Microscopic tubes making up the network(2 words)
  24. central region of lymph nodes that has fewer lymphocytes
  25. A type of white blood cell that plays a role in the adaptive immune system

46 Clues: An immune response • A larger amoeboid cell • Highly reactive proteins • Protein to fight off diseases • Vessels leaving the lymph nodes • The outer layer of lymphoid tissue • A set of primitive cells (2 words) • Common type of antibody (3 letters) • In the tissue of the tongue (2 words) • Where blood enters the spleen (2 words) • Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words) • ...

Cells, Organelles, and Cell Theory 2023-09-29

Cells, Organelles, and Cell Theory crossword puzzle
Across
  1. modify, sort, & package molecules from ER for storage or transport out of cell
  2. creates ATP, has its own DNA, site of cellular respiration
  3. contains pores for materials to enter & leave the nucleus
  4. all organisms are composed of cells, the cell is the basic unit of structure, all cells come from prexisting cells
  5. an organism with many cells
  6. lacks ribosomes on its surface, makes cell products that are used inside the cell like special lipids called steroids
  7. is the nucleus, makes mRNA
  8. stores water, food, and waste
  9. an organism with only one cell
Down
  1. contain digestive enzymes
  2. only found in plant cells, uses energy from sunlight to make glucose in a process called photosynthesis, contains its own DNA
  3. an organelle in plant cells that supports and protects the cell
  4. controls the activities in the cell, contains DNA in the form of chromatin
  5. function in moving cells, fluids, or in small particles across the cell surface, shorter and more numerous on cells
  6. has ribosomes on its surface, makes membrane proteins, and helps export these proteins out of the cell
  7. function in moving cells, fluids, or in small particles across the cell surface, longer and fewer (usually 1-3) on cells
  8. a membrane around the cell that controls what enters and what leaves the cell
  9. an organelle that provides a medium for chemical reactions to take place
  10. join amino acids to make proteins, made of special proteins and rRNA
  11. appear during cell division and help pull chromosome pairs apart to opposite sides
  12. an organelle that makes up the cytoplasm, helps the cell maintain shape and helps organelles move around

21 Clues: contain digestive enzymes • is the nucleus, makes mRNA • an organism with many cells • stores water, food, and waste • an organism with only one cell • contains pores for materials to enter & leave the nucleus • creates ATP, has its own DNA, site of cellular respiration • an organelle in plant cells that supports and protects the cell • ...

All About Cells 2023-09-28

All About Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. One of several modes of transport that require the cell to expend energy in order to move molecules across the membrane
  2. ER that does not have any ribosomes attached to it
  3. Cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
  4. Vesicles that contain enzymes to break stuff down,only in animal cells
  5. The study of cells
  6. The sticky layer that holds plant cells together
  7. A storage "sack" in the cytoplasm that holds food or wastes
  8. The theory that cells are the basic units of structure and function for all life
  9. Structure in the nucleus which assembles ribosomes
  10. Microtubules that help pull the DNA apart during cell division
  11. Stores the DNA
  12. The barrier around all cells which protects them from the outside world
Down
  1. Pinched off part of the cell membrane that stores and transports substances
  2. A type of plastid that performs photosynthesis
  3. Cells that don't have a nucleus nor any membrane-bound organelles
  4. Jelly-like substance the cell organelles float in, fills the inside of a cell
  5. Units inside all cells that perform certain functions/tasks
  6. Organelles that make proteins
  7. A complex network of proteins that strengthen the cell and keep it from rupturing
  8. The types of lipid that make up the cell membrane
  9. A series of tubes and membranes that store, modify, and package the products received from the ER
  10. A cell organelle that manufactures the cells' energy molecule, ATP
  11. The molecule that provides energy for the cell
  12. A protective layer that surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells
  13. ER that has many ribosomes attached to it

25 Clues: Stores the DNA • The study of cells • Organelles that make proteins • ER that has many ribosomes attached to it • A type of plastid that performs photosynthesis • The molecule that provides energy for the cell • The sticky layer that holds plant cells together • The types of lipid that make up the cell membrane • ER that does not have any ribosomes attached to it • ...

Za Crooky Dooky 2023-05-20

Za Crooky Dooky crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
  2. A structural carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants and some other organisms.
  3. The process by which organisms eliminate waste products from their body.
  4. A small, circular piece of DNA found in some bacteria that can replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA.
  5. The cellular structure responsible for synthesizing proteins.
  6. membrane: The thin, flexible barrier that surrounds cells and regulates the movement of materials in and out of the cell.
  7. The metabolic process by which cells use oxygen to convert nutrients into energy and produce carbon dioxide as a waste product.
  8. The ability of organisms or their cells to move from one place to another.
  9. The organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material, or DNA.
  10. The organelles in eukaryotic cells that produce energy in the form of ATP.
  11. The process of obtaining and using nutrients from food to support bodily functions.
  12. Membrane-bound structures in eukaryotic cells that store water, nutrients, and waste products.
  13. The process by which organisms increase in size and complexity over time.
  14. A type of fungus that is used in baking and brewing, and can ferment sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
Down
  1. The green pigment in plants and algae that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
  2. Organisms with cells that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
  3. The organelle in plant cells that carries out photosynthesis.
  4. The process by which organisms produce offspring to continue their species.
  5. The gel-like substance that fills the interior of cells and contains organelles, proteins, and other molecules.
  6. The ability of organisms or cells to respond to changes in their environment or stimuli.
  7. wall: A rigid outer layer that provides additional support and protection for cells in plants, fungi, and some bacteria.

21 Clues: The organelle in plant cells that carries out photosynthesis. • The cellular structure responsible for synthesizing proteins. • The process by which organisms eliminate waste products from their body. • The process by which organisms increase in size and complexity over time. • The ability of organisms or their cells to move from one place to another. • ...

Za Crooky Dooky 2023-05-20

Za Crooky Dooky crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
  2. A structural carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants and some other organisms.
  3. The process by which organisms eliminate waste products from their body.
  4. A small, circular piece of DNA found in some bacteria that can replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA.
  5. The cellular structure responsible for synthesizing proteins.
  6. membrane: The thin, flexible barrier that surrounds cells and regulates the movement of materials in and out of the cell.
  7. The metabolic process by which cells use oxygen to convert nutrients into energy and produce carbon dioxide as a waste product.
  8. The ability of organisms or their cells to move from one place to another.
  9. The organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material, or DNA.
  10. The organelles in eukaryotic cells that produce energy in the form of ATP.
  11. The process of obtaining and using nutrients from food to support bodily functions.
  12. Membrane-bound structures in eukaryotic cells that store water, nutrients, and waste products.
  13. The process by which organisms increase in size and complexity over time.
  14. A type of fungus that is used in baking and brewing, and can ferment sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
Down
  1. The green pigment in plants and algae that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
  2. Organisms with cells that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
  3. The organelle in plant cells that carries out photosynthesis.
  4. The process by which organisms produce offspring to continue their species.
  5. The gel-like substance that fills the interior of cells and contains organelles, proteins, and other molecules.
  6. The ability of organisms or cells to respond to changes in their environment or stimuli.
  7. wall: A rigid outer layer that provides additional support and protection for cells in plants, fungi, and some bacteria.

21 Clues: The organelle in plant cells that carries out photosynthesis. • The cellular structure responsible for synthesizing proteins. • The process by which organisms eliminate waste products from their body. • The process by which organisms increase in size and complexity over time. • The ability of organisms or their cells to move from one place to another. • ...

Za Crooky Dooky 2023-05-20

Za Crooky Dooky crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
  2. A structural carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants and some other organisms.
  3. The process by which organisms eliminate waste products from their body.
  4. A small, circular piece of DNA found in some bacteria that can replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA.
  5. The cellular structure responsible for synthesizing proteins.
  6. membrane: The thin, flexible barrier that surrounds cells and regulates the movement of materials in and out of the cell.
  7. The metabolic process by which cells use oxygen to convert nutrients into energy and produce carbon dioxide as a waste product.
  8. The ability of organisms or their cells to move from one place to another.
  9. The organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material, or DNA.
  10. The organelles in eukaryotic cells that produce energy in the form of ATP.
  11. The process of obtaining and using nutrients from food to support bodily functions.
  12. Membrane-bound structures in eukaryotic cells that store water, nutrients, and waste products.
  13. The process by which organisms increase in size and complexity over time.
  14. A type of fungus that is used in baking and brewing, and can ferment sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
Down
  1. The green pigment in plants and algae that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
  2. Organisms with cells that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
  3. The organelle in plant cells that carries out photosynthesis.
  4. The process by which organisms produce offspring to continue their species.
  5. The gel-like substance that fills the interior of cells and contains organelles, proteins, and other molecules.
  6. The ability of organisms or cells to respond to changes in their environment or stimuli.
  7. wall: A rigid outer layer that provides additional support and protection for cells in plants, fungi, and some bacteria.

21 Clues: The organelle in plant cells that carries out photosynthesis. • The cellular structure responsible for synthesizing proteins. • The process by which organisms eliminate waste products from their body. • The process by which organisms increase in size and complexity over time. • The ability of organisms or their cells to move from one place to another. • ...

Cell Cycle Project 2021-12-05

Cell Cycle Project crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Proteins attached to centromere to link chromatid to mitotic spindle
  2. Cells are split into 2 cells by cleavage furrow(animals), and cell plate forms (plant)
  3. growing cells
  4. Similar to all cancers because it has DNA mutations- don't follow checkpoints, immortal, and evade apoptosis.
  5. Longest portion of cell cycle- contains G1, S, and G2
  6. Reproductive cells-contain haploid-divide by meiosis
  7. Chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of cell, cell then elongates
  8. One set of chromosomes
  9. Centrosomes at opposite poles, line up at metaphase plate, and microtubules attached to each kinetochore
  10. Checks for cell size, growth factors, and DNA damage
  11. Hormones released by cells that stimulate cell growth-CDKs activated leading to progression through cycle
  12. Has specific regulatory effect-these phosphorylate target proteins, which help regulate events in the cell cycle
  13. Two nucleus formed in preparation for cytoplasm to split
  14. Repeating unit of eukaryotic chromatin
Down
  1. Condensed chromatin
  2. Protein that provides structural support to a chromosome
  3. Region on chromatid where they are most closely attached
  4. Synthesized and degraded at specific stages of the cell cycle
  5. Material are composed as DNA/RNA
  6. A way to prevent cancer, by killing the
  7. Body cells-contain diploid cells-divide by mitosis
  8. Chromatin condenses, mitotic spindle forms, centrosomes move away from each other
  9. Nuclear envelope fragments, and microtubules enter nuclear area and some attach to kinetochores
  10. Cells rely on attachment to other cells of matrix to divide
  11. Some stay here forever, and some can be called back into the cell
  12. Two sets of chromosomes, one set from each parent
  13. Checks for completion of DNA replication and DNA damage-If good, then moves to mitosis
  14. Includes Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and results in 2 identical diploid cells

28 Clues: growing cells • Condensed chromatin • One set of chromosomes • Material are composed as DNA/RNA • Repeating unit of eukaryotic chromatin • A way to prevent cancer, by killing the • Two sets of chromosomes, one set from each parent • Body cells-contain diploid cells-divide by mitosis • Reproductive cells-contain haploid-divide by meiosis • ...

Fill the boxes of the correct answer. 2023-10-08

Fill the boxes of the correct answer. crossword puzzle
Across
  1. - The cellular environment has lower concentration of solute in the cell.
  2. - The cell indulge particle into a pouch of the cell membrane
  3. - also known as cell membrane
  4. - it's an oval green structure found in the cytoplasm
  5. - is a large round oval structure usually located near the center of the cell
  6. - it's a double layered structured made of phospholipids and some proteins molecules
  7. - it is the reverse of endocytosis were in waste cell products inside the cell and pack in the Golgi versus our fused in the cell membrane
  8. - is enlarge round sacs found in the cytoplasm
  9. - used for sticking cells together a protection of the bacteria not to be engulfed by bigger cells like white blood cells
  10. - zoologist who observe that the tissues of animals had cells
  11. - our found in the cytoplasm that function for protein synthesis
  12. -it is the region of the bacterial cells where the bacteria DNA is located
  13. - the organelles which release quantities of energy
  14. - it's function is for antibiotic resistance and virulence
Down
  1. - are the they just give sacs of the cells
  2. - botanist who observed that the tissue of plant had cells
  3. - I'm structures only present in animal cells that facilitate cell division
  4. - long with like cylindrical structures that are used for locomotion
  5. - serve as the structural foundation of the cell
  6. - the cellular environment has a greater solute that than inside the cell.
  7. - it's a jelly like substance that contains the intracellular membranes.
  8. - distributed over the surface of the cell
  9. - first to see cells
  10. - a structured larger surrounding some types of cells just outside the cell membrane
  11. - the concentration of solute inside the cell is equal to the concentration of solutes outside the cell.

25 Clues: - first to see cells • - also known as cell membrane • - are the they just give sacs of the cells • - distributed over the surface of the cell • - is enlarge round sacs found in the cytoplasm • - serve as the structural foundation of the cell • - the organelles which release quantities of energy • - it's an oval green structure found in the cytoplasm • ...

Blood Samples 2022-11-02

Blood Samples crossword puzzle
Across
  1. cutting prevents bleeding when a blood vessel is injured
  2. immune response which attacks an animals own tissues and cells
  3. deficiency of hernoglobin reducing the number the number of red blood cells causes body weakness
  4. marrow soft fatty tissue within the bone which is a major area for blood cell production
  5. cell volume number of red blood cells in a unit volume and can be used to detect a problem with red blood cells
  6. also known as thrombocytes are responsible for clotting and increase with injury
  7. nodes gland masses swelling or pain on an area of the body
  8. blood cell count number red blood cells in a unit volume of blood and can be used to detect a problem with red blood cell production
  9. vein located on the front leg
  10. arrangement of blood cells within the body
  11. inlet opening at the top of the therocic cavity
  12. form of cancer of the bone marrow which prevents an animal producing a normal level of red white blood cells and platelets
Down
  1. decreased blood flow
  2. relating to the throax which is the cavity enclosed wihtin the ribs and stermum
  3. determination of the cause of nature of a condition
  4. loss of water from the body
  5. saphaneous small vein located on the inside hind leg
  6. small hole on the needle which allows the blood to blow into the syringe
  7. Blood Count determines the number and type of blood cells present
  8. carries oxygen to the red blood cells and helps move them to other issues
  9. two large veins near the thigh on the hind leg
  10. liquid portion of blood
  11. blood cells defend the body from invading organisms
  12. any of the three large veins in the neck
  13. blood cells also known as erythrocytes are produced in bone marrow and carry oxygen tonthe lungs
  14. injection injection within the vein

26 Clues: decreased blood flow • liquid portion of blood • loss of water from the body • vein located on the front leg • injection injection within the vein • any of the three large veins in the neck • arrangement of blood cells within the body • two large veins near the thigh on the hind leg • inlet opening at the top of the therocic cavity • ...

Organelles and Levels of Organization 2024-01-28

Organelles and Levels of Organization crossword puzzle
Across
  1. a group of ORGAN SYSTEMS working together
  2. carries materials through the cell.
  3. Bubble-like membrane that transports large molecules into and out of the cell
  4. provides shape, structure, and protection for PLANT cells
  5. makes proteins; found in all cells
  6. allows SOME materials to pass in & out of the cell; found in all cells
  7. genetic material
  8. a group of ORGANS working together doing a similar job
  9. stores water in order to maintain PLANT shape
Down
  1. directs and controls cell activities; contains genes
  2. where photosynthesis happens in PLANT cells
  3. Makes final modifications to proteins
  4. jelly-like substance that holds the organelles; found in all cells
  5. a group of CELLS working together doing a similar job
  6. makes energy for the cell
  7. a group of TISSUES working together doing a similar job
  8. smallest living thing
  9. organize genetic information for cell division in ANIMAL cells

18 Clues: genetic material • smallest living thing • makes energy for the cell • makes proteins; found in all cells • carries materials through the cell. • Makes final modifications to proteins • a group of ORGAN SYSTEMS working together • where photosynthesis happens in PLANT cells • stores water in order to maintain PLANT shape • directs and controls cell activities; contains genes • ...

Immunology 2021-01-22

Immunology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. / Are cell surface membrane proteins that can generate an immune response when detected as non-self by the body.
  2. / What is the term used to describe when the people who have been vaccinated reduce the occurrence of the disease protecting those who have not yet been vaccinated.
  3. / Is released by cytotoxic T cells which destroys targeted cells by creating lesions like pores in their membranes.
  4. / A process where a type of white blood cells engulfs and digests a pathogen.
  5. / The ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.
  6. / what is a call referred to when a cell like a macrophage sticks non-self antigens on its surface to activate other immune system cells.
  7. / Which cells releases cytokines.
  8. / A type of phagocyte that carries out phagocytosis.
  9. / Which cells kill cells infected with viruses, cancer cells or abnormal cells.
  10. / What type of virus is HIV.
  11. / Which cells secrete antibodies.
  12. / Which immune response is faster and stronger if the same antigen enters the body.
  13. / What is the term given to describe when pathogens change their surface antigens and different strains develop.
  14. / The type of immunity you get from being given antibodies made by a different organism.
  15. / What is the name given to the types of drugs used to treat HIV.
  16. / Are made of protein and can bind to complementary antigens.
Down
  1. / When antibodies bind to two pathogens and they clump together.
  2. / When antibodies bind to pathogens or toxins blocking their active sites and preventing them from doing any more harm.
  3. / Which cells are involved in the secondary immune response.
  4. / Are micro-organisms that cause disease, bacteria, fungi, protists and viruses.
  5. / The study of the immune system.
  6. / A term to describe when a B cell divides by mitosis into cloned plasma cells all producing identical antibodies.
  7. / The enzyme found in HIV particles responsible for copying RNA into DNA.
  8. / The type of immunity you get when your immune system makes its own antibodies after being stimulated by an antigen.
  9. / Which type of ELISA test identifies the presence of antibodies.
  10. / Which immune response is slower whilst antibodies are made and the person will show symptoms.

26 Clues: / What type of virus is HIV. • / The study of the immune system. • / Which cells releases cytokines. • / Which cells secrete antibodies. • / A type of phagocyte that carries out phagocytosis. • / Which cells are involved in the secondary immune response. • / Are made of protein and can bind to complementary antigens. • ...

Cell Cycle Crossword 2021-12-05

Cell Cycle Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Two sets of chromosomes, one set from each parent
  2. When a cell is not actively dividing, this is in a non-condensed form
  3. Checks for microtubule attachment to chromosomes at kinetochores at metaphase
  4. Most important checkpoint, checks for cell size, growth, factors, and DNA damage
  5. A drug treatment that uses powerful chemical to kill the fast growing cells in your body
  6. Results in 2 identical diploid daughter cells, Mitosis+Cytokinesis
  7. Involves an internal control system that consists of cyclins and CDK's
  8. Broken down into 5 stages (prophase,prometaphase,metaphase,anaphase,telophase/cytokinesis)
  9. DNA wraps around these proteins giving the chromosome a compact shape
  10. This is formed from DNA and histones combined
  11. Enzymes that are active only when its specific cyclin is presented
  12. Reproductive cells(eggs/sperm), haploid, divides by meiosis
  13. Cell is split into 2 cells by cleavage furrow (animals) and cell plate forms (plants)
  14. The longest portion of the cell cycle(90%), G1+S+G2
  15. chromatin condenses, nuclei disappear, duplicated chromosomes appear as sister chromatids, mitotic spindle begin to form, centrosomes move away from each other
  16. The region on each sister chromatid where they are most closely attached
Down
  1. One set of chromosomes
  2. Nuclear envelope fragments, microtubules enter nuclear area and some attach to kinetochores
  3. Proteins that are synthesized and degraded at specific stages of the cell cycle
  4. Hormones released by cells that stimulate cell growth
  5. Cells rely on attachment to other cells or the extracellular matrix to divide
  6. Some cells stay here forever (muscle/nerve cells), some cells can be called back into the cell cycle
  7. Checks for completion of DNA replication and DNA damage
  8. Centrosomes are at opposite poles, chromosomes line up at metaphase plate, microtubules attach to each kinetochore
  9. Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of cell( microtubules shortening), cell elongates
  10. Cell surface receptors recognize contact with other cells
  11. Proteins attached to the centromere that link each sister chromatid to the middle spindle
  12. Two daughter nuclei form, nucleoli reappear, chromosomes become less condensed
  13. Normal kidney function is prodominately by post-mitotic quiescent cells in the g0 phase with a low turnover. Similar to other cancers because it has mutations and doesn't follow the checkpoints
  14. Body cells, diploid(2n), divides by mitosis
  15. After DNA replication, chromatin condenses to form this

31 Clues: One set of chromosomes • Body cells, diploid(2n), divides by mitosis • This is formed from DNA and histones combined • Two sets of chromosomes, one set from each parent • The longest portion of the cell cycle(90%), G1+S+G2 • Hormones released by cells that stimulate cell growth • Checks for completion of DNA replication and DNA damage • ...

Cleavage & Gastrulation 2024-02-20

Cleavage & Gastrulation crossword puzzle
Across
  1. ball of cells produced by cleavage
  2. acronym for mitosis-promoting-factor, major factor in regulation of early blastomere cell cycles
  3. eggs with only a small area of the egg that is free of yolk (eg: bird and fish eggs)
  4. splitting of a single cellular sheet into two parallel sheets – results in a second new epithelial sheet of cells (eg: mammal hypoblast formation)
  5. __________ cleavage: complete/total cleavage, includes isolecithal and mesolecithal cleavage
  6. larger subunit of mitosis-promoting-factor, regulates the smaller subunit and controls MPF
  7. migration of the embryo’s surface cells to the interior (individual cells are able to move independently from one another)
  8. pole high in yolk concentration
  9. __________ cleavage: when cell divisions only happen in a small disc of cytoplasm free of yolk
  10. acronym for mid-blastula transition, changes include 1) introduction of gap stages G1 and G2 2) cell division synchronicity is lost – cells “go their own way” 3) new mRNAs are transcribed from zygotic genome
  11. inward movement of an expanding outer layer, the cells of this layer spread over the internal surface of the remaining external cells (eg: amphibian mesoderm)
  12. eggs with a yolk in the center (eg: insect eggs)
Down
  1. eggs with sparse and equally distributed yolk
  2. when epithelial sheets move as a unit (not individually) and enclose the deeper layers of an embryo (multiple mechanisms, including cell division, cells changing shape, or layers of cells radially moving)
  3. pole low in yolk concentration
  4. __________ cleavage: incomplete cleavage, includes telolecithal and centrolecithal cleavage
  5. _________ furrow: the indentation that expands and ultimately splits the cell
  6. process through which the “body plan” of the organism is established from the three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm)
  7. amount and distribution determines where cleavage can occur and the relative size of blastomeres
  8. localized infolding of a sheet of cells (epithelium) without cells losing their tight adhesive connections
  9. acronym for cyclin-dependent kinase, smaller subunit of MPF that regulates mitosis through phosphorylation
  10. ____________ extension: when lateral cells from all germ layers move towards the midline, leading to convergence of these cells. A way for the embryo to grow and extend along its axis.
  11. _________ cleavage: occurs around the periphery of a cell, divisions only happening in the rim of the cytoplasm

23 Clues: pole low in yolk concentration • pole high in yolk concentration • ball of cells produced by cleavage • eggs with sparse and equally distributed yolk • eggs with a yolk in the center (eg: insect eggs) • _________ furrow: the indentation that expands and ultimately splits the cell • eggs with only a small area of the egg that is free of yolk (eg: bird and fish eggs) • ...

Stem Cells - Part 2 2013-01-16

Stem Cells - Part 2 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. nuclear messenger that can pathologically accumulate with increased genetic damage to the cell
  2. large tumor consisting of multiple germ layers, result of transplanting undifferentiated stem cells
  3. cell capable of forming a new tumor
  4. another gene transduced by retrovirus in iPS Cells
  5. name of chromosome found in HSC derivaties of CML leukemia patients
  6. If a transplant attacks the patients tissues and organ it is said to result in this type of disease
  7. accumulation of these in a somatic cell lineage causes cancer
  8. alternative source of stem cells that posses intermediate qualities between embryonic and adult stem cells
  9. type of cancer that does not follow the stem cell model, does not show hierarchical structure
  10. type of stem cell that can produce all cell and tissue types, ethically controversial
  11. Routine but risky transplant used for several blood disorders
Down
  1. high expression of this enzyme is responsible for limitless replicative potential of cancer cells
  2. a controversial stem cell marker that correlates with tumorgenicity and stemness
  3. process by which a non stem cell is differentiated into a different type of cell using varying transcription factors
  4. another gene transduced by retrovirus in iPS Cells
  5. one of the four iPS inducing genes that carries a risk of cancer
  6. tumor supressor protein that, when mutated, causes cancer cells to evade apoptosis
  7. type of stem cells that are rare and difficult to culture
  8. stem cells created using retroviruses transducing specific "Yamanka" genes, reverting it back to a pluripotent state.
  9. a type of cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of immature white blood cells
  10. a laboratory technique for creating a clone embryo in which a somatic nucleus is fused with a denucleated egg cell
  11. comples in the Wnt signaling pathway that is usually the first to mutate
  12. process by which sperm fertilizes an egg outside the body
  13. type of transporter highly expressed in both cancer stem cells and tissue stem cells
  14. another gene transduced by retrovirus in iPS Cells

25 Clues: cell capable of forming a new tumor • another gene transduced by retrovirus in iPS Cells • another gene transduced by retrovirus in iPS Cells • another gene transduced by retrovirus in iPS Cells • type of stem cells that are rare and difficult to culture • process by which sperm fertilizes an egg outside the body • ...

Chapter 7 Vocab 2015-11-08

Chapter 7 Vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Co-founder of the cell theory, concluded that all animals are made of cells
  2. Rod shaped bacteria
  3. Spiral shaped bacteria
  4. up word definitions
  5. Very basic unicellular eukaryotic cells
  6. Organelle in which the processes of respiration and energy production occur
  7. Thrives in chemicals
  8. Finalized the cell theory and recognized Leukemia cells for the first time
  9. Semipermeable, embedded with proteins, carbs and cholesterol, controls the flow of substances in and out of cell
  10. Food producing organelle found only in plants
  11. Helps the cell divide to reproduce
  12. "Animal-like" protist
  13. He made over 500 single lens microscopes, discovered bacteria and algea
  14. Located on rough ER, serve as the site of protein synthesis, link amino acids together
  15. Scientist who concluded that cells are not empty, but filled with a fluid called cytoplasm
  16. "Stomach" of eukaryotic cells, organelle which contains digestive enzymes
  17. Organelle that isolates materials which may be harmful or a threat to the cell
Down
  1. Lack organs, can reproduce sexually or asexually, more related to animals than plants
  2. Creates proteins, smooth and rough, rough has ribosomes on it
  3. Contains DNA, surrounded by a double membrane, control center of a cell, "Nuclear Envelope"
  4. Co-founder of the cell theory, concluded that all plants are made of cells
  5. Cells without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles
  6. Contains DNA or RNA, cannot reproduce without a host, NOT MADE OF CELLS
  7. A complex of vesicles and folded membranes involved in secretion and intracellular transport
  8. Thrives in extreme temperatures, uses high temperatures for heat
  9. He used the compound light microscope to look at nonliving cells in a cork from a plant stem
  10. Archaebacteria which likes salt
  11. Evolved cells that use photosynthesis
  12. He discovered the nucleus
  13. "Plant-like" protist
  14. Cells that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
  15. Sphere shaped bacteria

32 Clues: Rod shaped bacteria • up word definitions • Thrives in chemicals • "Plant-like" protist • "Animal-like" protist • Spiral shaped bacteria • Sphere shaped bacteria • He discovered the nucleus • Archaebacteria which likes salt • Helps the cell divide to reproduce • Evolved cells that use photosynthesis • Very basic unicellular eukaryotic cells • ...

Exam #2: BHS 316 2023-11-14

Exam #2: BHS 316 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The _____ is guarding the groove of the MHC molecule.
  2. _____ proteins are responsible making sure CTLA-4 and PD-1 function properly to help decommission T cells as a negative immune regulator.
  3. Unlike B cells, T cells cannot undergo ______ to change the affinity of their TCRs for their cognate antigen.
  4. _____ co-receptors will only clip onto class I MHC molecules.
  5. Activated _____ cells recruit their own replacements.
  6. Lymphoid follicles are specialized regions of _____ lymphoid organs in which B cells percolate through a lattice of follicular dendritic cells.
  7. _____ co-receptors will only clip onto class II MHC molecules.
  8. What type of antibodies does a virgin B cell mainly produce when first activated?
  9. What type of cytokines will help you when you are attacked by fungi or extracellular bacteria?
  10. ______ that bind to Class II molecules are longer than those that occupy the closed groove of class I molecules.
  11. T cells require extensive receptor _____ by MHC peptide complexes.
Down
  1. signaling involves clustering ____ together in one area of the T cell surface.
  2. In response to antigens, virgin B cells can be activated with minimal help from the T cell. This is known as T cell - ______.
  3. Dendritic cells function as a _____ between the innate and adaptive systems.
  4. An external region which binds to a molecule, involved in transmembrane proteins.
  5. What type of antibody is least abundant in the human body?
  6. What type of cytokine is responsible for instructing the innate and adaptive systems to mobilize cells and produce antibodies that are effective against invaders?
  7. Movement of the immune system through a lymph node is orchestrated by up and downregulation of chemokine receptors and _____.
  8. _____ is made of a heavy chain and a light chain.
  9. The ____ region of an antibody determines both its class and its function.
  10. Antibody class switching is controlled by the ____ that B cells encounter to switch place.
  11. What type of B cell produces one kind of BC or antibody?

22 Clues: _____ is made of a heavy chain and a light chain. • The _____ is guarding the groove of the MHC molecule. • Activated _____ cells recruit their own replacements. • What type of B cell produces one kind of BC or antibody? • What type of antibody is least abundant in the human body? • _____ co-receptors will only clip onto class I MHC molecules. • ...

Blood Crossword 2024-02-28

Blood Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. These cells are found in the bone marrow that responsible for the everyday production and release of platelets.
  2. The positive or negative sign in blood groups. It is a protein on the surface of red blood cells.
  3. Scientific name for white blood cell (or immune cells).
  4. This blood group has the A antigen on the surface of their red blood cells and contains antibodies against the B antigen.
  5. During blood transfusions, if the wrong blood group is given, blood can clump together.
  6. This blood group has both A and B antigens on the surface of their red blood cells and does not contain any antibodies against either A or B antigen. Known as the "universal receiver."
  7. This blood group has the B antigen on the surface of their red blood cells and contains antibodies against the A antigen.
  8. The type of this determines which blood types may be safely donated during a blood transfusion.
  9. The movement of cells, particularly white blood cells, through the walls of capillaries into tissue due to damage, infection, or inflammation.
  10. This blood group does not has either A or B antigens on the surface of their red blood cells, but does contain antibodies against both A and B antigens. Known as the "universal donor."
Down
  1. This process is when blood changes from a liquid state to a semi-solid state. Also known as clotting.
  2. Scientific name for red blood cell.
  3. Blood cell formation.
  4. If incompatible blood is given in a blood transfusion, it may negatively affect these organs, which help filter blood.
  5. Protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells.
  6. This process is stopping the bleeding of a damaged blood vessel.
  7. A crawling-like movement in which cells form temporary cytoplasmic projections (like feet).
  8. Main protein involved in blood clotting.
  9. This is made up of water, coagulants, proteins, electrolytes, and immunoglobulins.
  10. A type of blood cell to help with clot formation to stop bleeding.

20 Clues: Blood cell formation. • Scientific name for red blood cell. • Main protein involved in blood clotting. • Protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells. • Scientific name for white blood cell (or immune cells). • This process is stopping the bleeding of a damaged blood vessel. • A type of blood cell to help with clot formation to stop bleeding. • ...

CFA 3 Cells Review 2021-11-19

CFA 3 Cells Review crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment.
  2. Cells use _____________ ________ to replace dead or damaged cells and to allow multicellular organisms to grow.
  3. From smallest to greatest is atom, molecule, cell.
  4. A protective layer that covers the cell surface, and acts as a barrier, controlling what goes in and out the cell.
  5. This invention helped in the discovery and advancement of the cell theory
  6. A ___________ is the smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms.
  7. Genetic material that provides instructions for all cell purposes.
  8. The control center of the cell that contains the DNA.
  9. A structure made up of a collection of tissues that carries out a specialized function.
  10. Small bodies in a cell's cytoplasm that perform specific functions.
  11. Almost all the energy that fuels life on Earth come from the sun.
  12. The gel-like fluid that includes all of the organelles of the cell.
  13. Fluid filled vesicles that may contain enzymes, nutrients, water or waste. Plant cells have one large central _____________ that stores water and gives shape to the cell.
Down
  1. Made up of 2 or more atoms.
  2. A group of organs that work together to perform body functions.
  3. Plants and animals use ____________ _______________ to produce energy for cell processes.
  4. Organelles where photosynthesis occurs.
  5. All cells have a cell membrane, DNA, organelles, and cytoplasm. The single cell of a ______________ _____________ must carry out all of the functions for life.
  6. Break down food molecules to release energy by cellular respiration.
  7. Made up of 2 or more cells. It's cells may be specialized to perform specific functions.
  8. An _______________ is any living thing.
  9. A group of similar cells that perform a common function.
  10. The green pigment contained in chloroplasts that absorbs the energy in sunlight.
  11. ______________ are found in animal cells and have digestive enzymes that help break down waste.
  12. Lists three basic characteristics of all cells and organisms A) All organisms are made up of one or more cells B) The cell is the basic unit of all organisms C) All cells come from existing cells.
  13. All matter is made up of these.
  14. A rigid structure that protects and gives support and shape to plant cells.
  15. A molecule made up of 2 or more different types of atoms.
  16. The process by which cells use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sure and oxygen.

29 Clues: Made up of 2 or more atoms. • All matter is made up of these. • Organelles where photosynthesis occurs. • An _______________ is any living thing. • From smallest to greatest is atom, molecule, cell. • The control center of the cell that contains the DNA. • A group of similar cells that perform a common function. • ...

glands 2024-05-17

glands crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The process by which cells release substances from their intracellular vesicles into the extracellular space.
  2. Flying mammal
  3. Refers to the system of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various physiological processes in the body.
  4. Large marsupial
  5. Refers to substances that are released from cells or glands into the extracellular space.
  6. Man's best friend
  7. The process by which cells take in substances from the external environment by engulfing them in the cell membrane.
  8. vesicles: Intracellular vesicles that merge with the cell membrane during exocytosis to release their contents into the extracellular space.
  9. The process by which cells take in substances from the external environment by engulfing them in the cell membrane.
  10. exocytosis: The continuous release of substances from cells, which occurs in most cells to maintain cell membrane integrity.
  11. exocytosis: The release of substances from cells in response to a signal, such as the release of neurotransmitters from nerve cells.
  12. A type of secretion in which substances are released from a cell by exocytosis without any loss of cytoplasm.
  13. Has a trunk
  14. aggregates: Groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function.
  15. A hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates glucose metabolism in the body.
  16. A type of secretion in which the entire cell becomes packed with the secretory product and then ruptures, releasing the substance into the surrounding tissue.
Down
  1. The process by which substances, such as enzymes or hormones, are produced and released by cells or glands.
  2. gland: A type of gland that releases substances, such as enzymes or sweat, through ducts that lead to the external environment or into internal organs.
  3. Refers to glands that secrete substances, such as enzymes, through ducts that lead to the external environment or into internal organs.
  4. A type of endocytosis in which cells take in small amounts of fluid and dissolved substances from the extracellular environment.
  5. Specialized organs or tissues that produce and secrete substances for specific functions in the body.
  6. endocytosis: A type of endocytosis in which cells take up specific molecules by binding to receptors on the cell membrane.
  7. Likes to chase mice
  8. membrane: The surface of epithelial cells that faces the external environment or a body cavity, involved in secretion, absorption, and protection
  9. A type of endocytosis in which cells engulf large particles or microorganisms and digest them.
  10. cells: Cells that line the surfaces of organs and body cavities, and are involved in secretion, absorption, and protection.
  11. gland: A type of exocrine gland that releases substances through exocytosis without any loss of cytoplasm.
  12. An organ that produces digestive enzymes and hormones, including insulin and glucagon, involved in regulating blood sugar levels.
  13. A type of secretion in which part of the cell membrane, along with the secretory product, is shed from the cell.

29 Clues: Has a trunk • Flying mammal • Large marsupial • Man's best friend • Likes to chase mice • aggregates: Groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function. • A hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates glucose metabolism in the body. • Refers to substances that are released from cells or glands into the extracellular space. • ...

Cell crossword. 2018-08-22

Cell crossword. crossword puzzle
Across
  1. envelope Separates the nucleus from the cell.
  2. The jelly-like fluid that holds the cell together.
  3. cells The new modern cells of the planet earth.
  4. walls Found in every eukaryotic cell and surrounds the plasma membrane.
  5. membrane Contains all the cells contents.
  6. Takes place in the chloroplast.
  7. The smallest living unit on the planet.
  8. cells The first cells to be on earth and can be unicellular.
  9. The control center of the cell.
Down
  1. Aids in cell renewal.
  2. Pairs of microtubular structures and plays a role in cell division.
  3. reticulum Helps move substances within cells and is a network of interconnected membranes.
  4. Longer projections that move in a whiplike motion.
  5. Produces ribosomes.
  6. Breaks down fuel molecules and releases energy.
  7. A membrane-bound storage sac.
  8. apparatus Packing and shipping station of the cell.
  9. Short, numerous, hairlike projections that move in a wavelike motion.

18 Clues: Produces ribosomes. • Aids in cell renewal. • A membrane-bound storage sac. • Takes place in the chloroplast. • The control center of the cell. • The smallest living unit on the planet. • membrane Contains all the cells contents. • envelope Separates the nucleus from the cell. • cells The new modern cells of the planet earth. • Breaks down fuel molecules and releases energy. • ...

Exam 1 Review 2021-07-07

Exam 1 Review crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The system in the innate immune response comprised of 20 different proteins that work together in order to defend against infection as well as signal immune cells for activation.
  2. Cells that mature in the thymus and split into three categories: helper, killer, and regulatory.
  3. Cells that bridge the signaling gap between the innate and adaptive immune responses.
  4. When mature, these white blood cells can differentiate into macrophages or dendritic cells. Most commonly concentrated in the blood stream.
  5. The layer of blood comprised of water, electrolytes, nutrients, and hormones.
  6. These lymphocytes kill bacteria, virus-infected cells, parasites, and some cancer cells by use of secreting IFN-g along with perforin to instigate infected/damaged cell suicide. Operates on a balance of activating and inhibiting signals.
  7. One of the three ways humans achieve adaptive immunity.
  8. Proteins that detect pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns to detect invaders/infections.
  9. The group of lymphocytes comprised mainly of macrophages and neutrophils, also known as the second arm of the innate immune system.
  10. Nicknamed the "King of Interferons, these cells use TLR7 and TLR9 to detect both viral RNA and DNA.
Down
  1. The origin stem cell of all innate immune cells.
  2. Proteins that "present" antigens to T-cells and come in two classes, I and II.
  3. The state in which a macrophage receives signals such as mannose and LPS to stop proliferation, increase growth and rate of phagocytosis, and secrete TNF.
  4. The system of the body that drains fluid from the cardiovascular system and houses T and B cells.
  5. Glycolipids commonly found on the surfaces of gram-negative bacteria and is commonly referred to as endotoxins
  6. Considered the "smart bomb" pathway of the innate immune response, and specifically targets mannose and other carbohydrates on the surfaces of common pathogens.
  7. The system specifically designed to combat viruses.
  8. The origin site of all red blood cells, platelets, and leukocytes.
  9. Macrophages first line of support and the most abundant white blood cell.
  10. Immune response mechanism characterized by redness, pain, and heat.
  11. The mechanism by which macrophages digest and eliminate debris and foreign microbes.

21 Clues: The origin stem cell of all innate immune cells. • The system specifically designed to combat viruses. • One of the three ways humans achieve adaptive immunity. • The origin site of all red blood cells, platelets, and leukocytes. • Immune response mechanism characterized by redness, pain, and heat. • ...

Histology Review Crossword 2024-09-23

Histology Review Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. simple single layer of tall, closely packed cells
  2. formal name for bone tissue; ground substance eventually becomes calcified
  3. Cartilage found in intervertebral spaces; contain lots of collagen
  4. vascular tissue that detects foreign substances; contain granules that secrete inflammatory chemicals
  5. CT made up of fat cells; insulates & warms the body; provides nutrients to other cells
  6. CT found in capsules around organs; made up of collagen fibers in many directions
  7. Cartilage found in outer ear & tip of nose; highly
  8. CT found under skin & around organs; mostly open space; holds water and salts
  9. oil glands; excrete products when cell ruptures and spill into duct
  10. type of blood cell that carry oxygen throughout the body
  11. more than one layer of cells
  12. muscle tissue that contracts voluntarily; striated; connected to bones
  13. sweat glands; excrete products via exocytosis
  14. layer of cells that can change shape or "stretch"; found in lining of bladder
  15. CT containing reticular fibers which supports internal organs
Down
  1. ductless gland that secrete hormones through bloodstream; (product = hormones)
  2. layer of cells that appears to be stratified but is not
  3. secrete substances outwards through a duct
  4. mammary glands; excrete products by cell pinching off
  5. only one layer of cells
  6. simple single, flat layer of cells that is thin and permeable
  7. muscle tissue that contracts involuntarily; only found in the heart; activated by brain or hormones
  8. blob-like cells that engulf invading substances/organisms
  9. tissue that does NOT have nerves or blood vessels
  10. makes up most connective tissue; contains ground substance and protein fibers
  11. type of blood cell that provides an immune response
  12. simple single layer of cube-shaped cells
  13. muscle tissue that contracts involuntarily; non-striated; found in walls of stomach, uterus, intestines, etc.
  14. CT found in tendons & ligaments; made up of collagen fibers arranged in 1 direction
  15. nervous tissue that makes up 90% of all nerve cells; support and protect neurons; able to regenerate
  16. CT found between vertebrae & in arteries; provides flexible cushioning
  17. Cartilage found in larynx, bridge of nose, & ribs; glassy looking; few collagen fibers
  18. nervous tissue that makes up 10% of all nerve cells; converts stimuli to nerve impulses; unable to regenerate

33 Clues: only one layer of cells • more than one layer of cells • simple single layer of cube-shaped cells • secrete substances outwards through a duct • sweat glands; excrete products via exocytosis • simple single layer of tall, closely packed cells • tissue that does NOT have nerves or blood vessels • Cartilage found in outer ear & tip of nose; highly • ...

unit 5 vocab 2023-12-08

unit 5 vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. --agent with the capacity to cause cancer in humans
  2. a fertilized egg
  3. --one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome
  4. first and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible
  5. --period of the cell cycle between cell divisions in which the cell grows
  6. --one of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells
  7. --phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
  8. –developing stage of a multicellular organism
  9. --series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells
  10. –cells that are able to develop into any type of cell found in the body (including the cells that make up the extraembryonic membranes and placenta)
  11. --process in which cells become specialized in structure and function
  12. --any change in the DNA sequence
  13. --disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth
  14. phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
  15. --division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
Down
  1. --type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism
  2. --the treatment of disease, especially cancer, using X-rays or similar forms of radiation.
  3. type of reproduction in which one parent cell produces two identical offspring (daughter cells)
  4. stage of early development in mammals that consists of a hollow ball of cells
  5. –unspecialized cell that can give rise to one or more types of specialized cells
  6. --phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin
  7. --region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
  8. drug treatment that uses powerful chemicals to kill fast-growing cells in your body
  9. the process of programmed cell death
  10. --the development of secondary malignant growths at a distance from a primary site of cancer

25 Clues: a fertilized egg • --any change in the DNA sequence • the process of programmed cell death • –developing stage of a multicellular organism • --agent with the capacity to cause cancer in humans • --region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach • --division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells • ...

Unit VI vocab 2023-01-02

Unit VI vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. - first and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible
  2. factor - one of a group of external regulatory proteins that stimulate the growth and division of cells
  3. - the process of programmed cell death
  4. -phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
  5. - unstable form of a chemical element that releases radiation as it breaks down which can damage cells; used to diagnose and treat some types of cancer
  6. - period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
  7. -phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
  8. - Non-cancerous growth though it may grow larger without spreading to other parts of the body
  9. division - process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells
  10. disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth
  11. - one of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells
  12. fission - type of asexual reproduction in which an organism replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells
Down
  1. - phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin
  2. - structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division
  3. - division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
  4. - part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
  5. - mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding tissue
  6. - treatment that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing
  7. - region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
  8. - abnormal cells which divide without control and can invade nearby tissues
  9. (fibers) - network of microtubules that forms within a dividing eukaryotic cell; help to move chromosomes into the daughter cells during mitosis
  10. - substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones
  11. cycle - series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells
  12. - one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome

24 Clues: - the process of programmed cell death • - period of the cell cycle between cell divisions • - division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells • - region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach • - one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome • - structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division • ...

Immunology Exam 1: Study! 2024-07-10

Immunology Exam 1: Study! crossword puzzle
Across
  1. is a protein found in our blood that transports oxygen to our tissues
  2. identify general molecular patterns found on groups of pathogens, rather than targeting specific individual pathogens, which helps in recognizing a broad range of invaders despite mutations
  3. present intracellular peptides to CD8+ to help destroy infected cells
  4. are pre-produced and stored inside neutrophils; they move to the cell surface quickly in response to infection
  5. cells detect antigens shown by MHC class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells and release cytokines to accelerate the immune response
  6. include neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils and are found in the “buffy coat” of blood.
  7. Dense layer of blood
  8. The _______ immune system develops targeted responses to specific pathogens through the activation of B cells and T cells.
Down
  1. are messengers of the immune system that send alerts to other immune cells to prepare for battle against invaders.
  2. are considered “warning proteins” that interfere with the reproduction of viruses by producing antiviral proteins
  3. The _____ activation pathway activates the complement system by binding specifically to carbohydrates, such as mannose, on the surface of pathogens.
  4. are most abundant innate immune cells that store powerful chemicals inside of the cell and release in the presence of pathogens.
  5. pathway relies on spontaneous reactions involving C3, leading to the destruction of pathogens
  6. The complement system produces proteins in the ______ to destroy foreign pathogens and communicate with other immune cells
  7. cells reside in tissues and act as messenger "bridge" cells that present antigens to adaptive immune cells in the lymph nodes.
  8. on gram-negative bacteria binds to receptors on immune cells triggering the release of cytokines and activates the immune response.
  9. is an the most abundant antibody found in human blood and is produced by plasma B cells
  10. immune system is the body’s first line of defense that responds quickly to pathogens without prior exposure.

18 Clues: Dense layer of blood • is a protein found in our blood that transports oxygen to our tissues • present intracellular peptides to CD8+ to help destroy infected cells • is an the most abundant antibody found in human blood and is produced by plasma B cells • pathway relies on spontaneous reactions involving C3, leading to the destruction of pathogens • ...

Immune Response 2023-12-01

Immune Response crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Exotoxins that provoke an excessive immune response, killing healthy cells and causing toxic shock.
  2. "White"
  3. Lymphatic organ that teaches T-cells how to recognize self vs. non-self antigens.
  4. Agranulocytes that can differentiate into macrophages or dendritic cells.
  5. Organ system that filters blood, traps microbes in nodes, and drains excess fluid from inflammation.
  6. "Pink"
  7. Cell surface markers that occur in some members of the same species but not others.
  8. Cascade of 26-30 different proteins that bore holes in bacterial cell membranes.
  9. Plasma made of water, salt, and some proteins, contained in capillaries with a one-way flow.
  10. Chemical compound in saliva that breaks down bacterial cell walls.
  11. Protein made by B-cells to block attachment sites on pathogens, help phagocytes eat them, or mark them for death by complement.
  12. Antigen that will create an immune response.
  13. Line of defense that includes adaptive cells that learn to target specific pathogens.
  14. Piece of a microbe that may create an immune response.
  15. Pattern-recognition receptor, on the surface of WBCs to recognize pathogenic characteristics/antigens.
  16. Cells that stay in the connective tissue and initiate inflammation in response to foreign antigens.
  17. Inflammatory chemical that causes prolonged bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, mucus secretion, and increased capillary refill.
  18. Granulocytes (55-90% of all WBCs) that trap pathogens in a net and phagocytose them.
  19. Reticulo-endothelial system, a connective tissue network that surrounds all organs, inhabited by phagocytes.
  20. Rare granulocytes (0.5% of WBCs) trained to fight parasites that sometimes cause allergy.
  21. Cells that trap pathogens with tentacles.
Down
  1. Slower inflammatory chemical that constricts bronchioles and floods them with fluid, increasing vascular permeability.
  2. Microbe that causes disease.
  3. Protein secreted by immune cells to start a fever (ex. CRP).
  4. Lymphatic organ that filters blood and recycles dead/damaged RBCs.
  5. Immunity that is acquired over the lifespan, a learned response to specific microbes.
  6. Line of defense that includes physical and chemical barriers such as tears, saliva, mucus, acid, bile, earwax, cilia, urine, and vomit.
  7. Gut-associated lymphoid tissue, aka "Peyer's patches".
  8. B-cells and T-cells that can make memory cells to fight a pathogen faster at the next encounter.
  9. Largest of the WBCs, they release cytokines and phagocytize pathogens and dead cells.
  10. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue.
  11. Vasodilation and edema that bring white blood cells, oxygen, and nutrients to the site of infection.
  12. Skin-associated lymphoid tissue.
  13. Cytokine that warns nearby cells of a viral infection, stimulating antiviral protein production.
  14. Immunity present at birth, giving nonspecific resistance to infection.
  15. Antigens on harmless nonliving substances.
  16. Fast-acting inflammatory chemical that constricts smooth muscle and dilates blood vessels.
  17. Literally "eating cells" - part of the second line of defense.
  18. Line of defense that includes nonspecific immune cells and proteins.
  19. Cell that surveils the body, recognizes microbes by contact, and attacks microbes.

40 Clues: "Pink" • "White" • Microbe that causes disease. • Skin-associated lymphoid tissue. • Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue. • Cells that trap pathogens with tentacles. • Antigens on harmless nonliving substances. • Antigen that will create an immune response. • Gut-associated lymphoid tissue, aka "Peyer's patches". • Piece of a microbe that may create an immune response. • ...

Immune Basics 2023-04-24

Immune Basics crossword puzzle
Across
  1. an antigen that is not disease causing given to people in order to elicit a primary immune response and to make memory cells.
  2. cell Type of B and T cells produced that give the body immunity to future exposures to a pathogen.
  3. ________ immune response. The first time a pathogen is encountered.
  4. created when a critical percentage of humans in a population exhibit immunity to a pathogen
  5. organs in which lymph is filtered and acted upon by white blood cells and lymphocytes.
  6. Differentiated B-cells that produce antibodies specific to an encountered antigen.
  7. Specific molecules or parts of pathogens that the immune system recognizes as targets.
  8. The body's first line of defense providing a non-specific response to pathogens through physical, chemical, and cellular defenses.
  9. aka white blood cells.Cells that search for, attack, and destroy germs to keep the body healthy. They are crucial components of both innate and adaptive immune responses.
  10. named after bone marrow. Specific, have antibodies on cytoplasm for antigen recognition
  11. Non-specific first lines of defense including skin, mucus membranes, non-specific white blood cells etc.
  12. cell that is part of the lymphatic system, especially T and B cells
  13. Small structures that filter and destroy germs to prevent them from spreading to other parts of the body. They contain immune cells that analyze foreign invaders.
  14. Located in the throat, they trap foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses.
  15. Part of the long-term memory of the immune system, quickly producing antibodies upon re-exposure to an antigen.
Down
  1. Developed after exposure to a pathogen or antigen, leading to immunological memory, either naturally or through vaccination.
  2. Retain memory of pathogen-specific information for rapid response to the same pathogen upon re-exposure.
  3. Retain a memory of specific pathogens to enhance the speed and efficacy of the immune response upon re-exposure.
  4. Central to adaptive immunity, including T-cells and B-cells, which have specific roles in immune defense.
  5. An organ that stores white blood cells and filters the blood, destroying old and damaged red blood cells.
  6. Involves the transfer of ready-made antibodies from one individual to another, providing temporary immunity.
  7. fluid from tissue that flows in lymph vessels
  8. Provides a targeted response to specific pathogens, features memory components, and develops over time.
  9. _________ immune response. The second or greater time a pathogen is encountered. Memory cells help out a lot.
  10. Capable of killing infected cells directly.
  11. protein or carbohydrate that is unique and recognized by immune cell receptors and antibodies
  12. Famous white blood cell that is a main antigen presenting cell. It's name means big eater.
  13. Include dendritic cells, macrophages, and B-cells that process and present antigens to T-cells.
  14. means cell eating. Macrophages do it a lot.
  15. protein produced by plasma cells that mark and neutralize pathogens by attaching to antigen
  16. organism that causes disease
  17. _______ response. Causes swelling and increased blood flow
  18. includes lymph, lymph vessels and lymph nodes
  19. Molecules displayed on cell surfaces that present antigenic peptides to T-cells.

34 Clues: organism that causes disease • Capable of killing infected cells directly. • means cell eating. Macrophages do it a lot. • fluid from tissue that flows in lymph vessels • includes lymph, lymph vessels and lymph nodes • _______ response. Causes swelling and increased blood flow • ________ immune response. The first time a pathogen is encountered. • ...

CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS PART 2 2023-05-25

CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS PART 2 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Has oval-shaped nuclei, lining the digestive tract
  2. This muscle can only be found in the wall of the heart
  3. Has thin primary cell wall with large intercellular spaces
  4. One of the characteristic of smooth muscle
  5. A white blood cell with multi-lobed nucleus
  6. Plasma membrane of muscle cells
  7. Type of control of striated muscle
  8. Lower layer of cells are attached to _____ membrane
  9. Small, uncovered gaps along the axon
  10. Dead plant tissues with secondary cell wall
  11. One of the location in which smooth muscle can be found
  12. Name of the granule which is present in the cell body of a neuron due to abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum
  13. Undifferentiated plant tissue
  14. Thin, flat cells with disc-shaped nuclei
  15. Long cytoplasmic branch arising from the cell body
  16. Compact bone cell is known as
  17. Other name for thrombocyte
  18. Has uneven thickness of cell wall, thicker especially at corners of cell wall
  19. Its function is to receive message from other cells and carry it to the cell body
  20. Location of nucleus in skeletal muscle
Down
  1. A group of cells that are similar in structure and carry a specific function
  2. Tiny cytoplasmic extension that allow transfer of nutrients and waste between bone cells
  3. This cell rolling around the axon to form myelin sheath
  4. Tightly packed plant tissue
  5. A membrane which covers a unit of bone
  6. Composition of the matrix in hyaline cartilage
  7. Consist of several layers of cells
  8. This structure has gap junction to speed up impulse transmission
  9. A cup-shaped cell that secretes a lot of substances
  10. Sometimes called as stone cells
  11. Tissue covering the internal and external surfaces of your body
  12. Matrix in hyaline cartilage secreted by those cells
  13. An agranulocyte which differentiates into macrophage
  14. The blood cells that has no nucleus at maturity
  15. Structural unit of bone
  16. The cavity in which bone cells is found
  17. Thin, elongated tapered ends which interlock with one another
  18. A type of phloem cells which is a living cells but with very few organelles left
  19. A type of fibre which is present in all three connective tissues

39 Clues: Structural unit of bone • Other name for thrombocyte • Tightly packed plant tissue • Undifferentiated plant tissue • Compact bone cell is known as • Plasma membrane of muscle cells • Sometimes called as stone cells • Consist of several layers of cells • Type of control of striated muscle • Small, uncovered gaps along the axon • A membrane which covers a unit of bone • ...

Unit 3 - Homeostasis 2024-01-09

Unit 3 - Homeostasis crossword puzzle
Across
  1. some types of tissues include skin, __________ and muscle
  2. failure to maintain homeostasis can either result in illness or
  3. this is formed by a group of similar organs working together
  4. when you're injured this type of cells do this to repair the injured area
  5. how molecules move in and out of a cell; from high to low
  6. the small structures that are found in cells
  7. different shapes and sizes for specialized functions; the basic building blocks of the body are
  8. a type of tissue that is also a line of defense for the immune system
  9. dividing 1 parent cell into 2 daughter cells
  10. a person with a paper cut would have _____ in their skin tissue due to the damage
Down
  1. liver cells and stomach cells look ____________ under a microscope
  2. in asexual reproduction the mitotic division results in __________ cells
  3. Large organisms use mitosis for growth and ______
  4. groups of organ systems working together to maintain life forms
  5. how plants get their energy
  6. Constantly changing to maintain balance
  7. a group of similar cells that work together to form organs
  8. formed by a group of similar tissues
  9. keeping a balance within living organisms to have optimal function

19 Clues: how plants get their energy • formed by a group of similar tissues • Constantly changing to maintain balance • the small structures that are found in cells • dividing 1 parent cell into 2 daughter cells • Large organisms use mitosis for growth and ______ • some types of tissues include skin, __________ and muscle • ...

CFA 3 Cells Review 2021-11-19

CFA 3 Cells Review crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment.
  2. Cells use _____________ ________ to replace dead or damaged cells and to allow multicellular organisms to grow.
  3. From smallest to greatest is atom, molecule, cell.
  4. A protective layer that covers the cell surface, and acts as a barrier, controlling what goes in and out the cell.
  5. This invention helped in the discovery and advancement of the cell theory
  6. A ___________ is the smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms.
  7. Genetic material that provides instructions for all cell purposes.
  8. The control center of the cell that contains the DNA.
  9. A structure made up of a collection of tissues that carries out a specialized function.
  10. Small bodies in a cell's cytoplasm that perform specific functions.
  11. Almost all the energy that fuels life on Earth come from the sun.
  12. The gel-like fluid that includes all of the organelles of the cell.
  13. Fluid filled vesicles that may contain enzymes, nutrients, water or waste. Plant cells have one large central _____________ that stores water and gives shape to the cell.
Down
  1. Made up of 2 or more atoms.
  2. A group of organs that work together to perform body functions.
  3. Plants and animals use ____________ _______________ to produce energy for cell processes.
  4. Organelles where photosynthesis occurs.
  5. All cells have a cell membrane, DNA, organelles, and cytoplasm. The single cell of a ______________ _____________ must carry out all of the functions for life.
  6. Break down food molecules to release energy by cellular respiration.
  7. Made up of 2 or more cells. It's cells may be specialized to perform specific functions.
  8. An _______________ is any living thing.
  9. A group of similar cells that perform a common function.
  10. The green pigment contained in chloroplasts that absorbs the energy in sunlight.
  11. ______________ are found in animal cells and have digestive enzymes that help break down waste.
  12. Lists three basic characteristics of all cells and organisms A) All organisms are made up of one or more cells B) The cell is the basic unit of all organisms C) All cells come from existing cells.
  13. All matter is made up of these.
  14. A rigid structure that protects and gives support and shape to plant cells.
  15. A molecule made up of 2 or more different types of atoms.
  16. The process by which cells use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sure and oxygen.

29 Clues: Made up of 2 or more atoms. • All matter is made up of these. • Organelles where photosynthesis occurs. • An _______________ is any living thing. • From smallest to greatest is atom, molecule, cell. • The control center of the cell that contains the DNA. • A group of similar cells that perform a common function. • ...

Circulation 2 Crossword 2016-01-14

Circulation 2 Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The blood cells involved in clotting
  2. Where all blood cells are produced (two words)
  3. Organelle that is absent in red blood cells
  4. The lymph nodes contain many ____ blood cells which attack germs
  5. One function of the lymph system is to return _____ fluid to the blood
  6. When red blood cells get to the lungs they lose CO2 and gain ________
  7. Red pigment which carries oxygen
  8. Lymph _____ are located where germs are most likely to enter the body
  9. Red blood cells are indented on both sides: what is the name for this?
  10. One function of the lymph system is to transport these
Down
  1. Clotting factor which is converted to thrombin by an enzyme from the platelets
  2. Lymph is kept moving by the squeezing of ____________ muscles
  3. Lymph vessels (lymphatics) have ________ to stop the lymph flowing backwards
  4. Another name for red blood cells
  5. Lymph vessels which absorb digested lipids in the small intestine
  6. Clotting factor which is converted to fibrin by thrombin
  7. The role of white blood cells
  8. Lymph is cleaned up and is returned to the bloodstream by valves in the _______
  9. Mineral salt in the blood which is essential for clotting

19 Clues: The role of white blood cells • Another name for red blood cells • Red pigment which carries oxygen • The blood cells involved in clotting • Organelle that is absent in red blood cells • Where all blood cells are produced (two words) • One function of the lymph system is to transport these • Clotting factor which is converted to fibrin by thrombin • ...

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab 2025-04-07

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Also known as T8 cells, Dampens the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells and slows the immune process as the antigen stimulus lessens (2 words)
  2. Certain of the stem cells form forerunners of the immune system (2 words)
  3. The outer layer of lymphoid tissue
  4. A collection of the extra fluid that drains from cells and tissues in your body and isn't reabsorbed into your capillaries
  5. Spaces within the lymph lobules with relatively few cells (2 words)
  6. A type of adaptive immunity where B cells produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids and bind to antigens (3 words)
  7. A larger amoeboid cell
  8. Monitor the composition of lymph; site of cells that engulf pathogens; immune response (2 words)
  9. Blunt-ended lymphatic vessels located centrally in the intestinal villi
  10. Relies on T cells and other immune cells to directly target and destroy infected or abnormal cells (3 words)
  11. Paired masses of lymphatic tissue located in the back of the throat (2 words)
  12. Lymphoid organ because its functions are consistent with those of the lymphatic system and its cells are lymphatic cells
  13. Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words)
  14. The first type of antibody produced by the body that responds to infections (3 letters)
  15. Common type of antibody (3 letters)
  16. Mass of tissue at the roof of the pharynx (2 words)
  17. Antibody that reacts to allergic reactions (3 letters)
  18. in the wall of the intestinal tract, particularly in the ileum (2 words)
  19. A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that plays a crucial role in the immune system, specifically in the lymphatic system, by directly destroying infected or cancerous cells (2 words)
  20. A type of white blood cells that make antibodies
  21. Aggregates of lymph node tissue located under the epithelial lining of the oral and pharyngeal cavities
Down
  1. Vessels leaving the lymph nodes
  2. In the tissue of the tongue (2 words)
  3. Set of proteins. On their surface they identify as “self.” (3 words)
  4. A group of high-activity, antibody-producing cells (2 words)
  5. Functions as the receptor site on B-lymphocytes for stimulating activation (3 letters)
  6. Person who becomes tolerant to “self” and will remain able to respond only to antigens interpreted as nonself
  7. The largest lymphatic vessel of the body(2 words)
  8. An immune response
  9. A set of primitive cells (2 words)
  10. Highly reactive proteins
  11. support main cells of the lymph nodes (B and T-lymphocytes) (2 words)
  12. A lymphatic vessel that collects lymph fluid from the upper right quadrant of the body and drains it into the venous system (3 words)
  13. Accumulation of intestinal fluid in the spaces between the cells
  14. A network of thin, tube-like structures that transfer lymph fluid throughout the body(2 words)
  15. Consists of eight polypeptide chains (3 letters)
  16. Where blood enters the spleen (2 words)
  17. A small, discrete section within the lymph nodes and the thymus
  18. Area where large blood vessels enter and leave the spleen
  19. Protein to fight off diseases
  20. A substance, often a protein, that triggers an immune response by activating lymphocytes and other immune cells
  21. Lymphatic organ located between the lungs and acts as storage for lymphocytes
  22. Also known as T4 cells, Type of white blood cell that develops in the thymus (2 words)
  23. Microscopic tubes making up the network(2 words)
  24. central region of lymph nodes that has fewer lymphocytes
  25. A type of white blood cell that plays a role in the adaptive immune system

46 Clues: An immune response • A larger amoeboid cell • Highly reactive proteins • Protein to fight off diseases • Vessels leaving the lymph nodes • The outer layer of lymphoid tissue • A set of primitive cells (2 words) • Common type of antibody (3 letters) • In the tissue of the tongue (2 words) • Where blood enters the spleen (2 words) • Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words) • ...

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab 2025-04-07

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Also known as T8 cells, Dampens the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells and slows the immune process as the antigen stimulus lessens (2 words)
  2. Certain of the stem cells form forerunners of the immune system (2 words)
  3. The outer layer of lymphoid tissue
  4. A collection of the extra fluid that drains from cells and tissues in your body and isn't reabsorbed into your capillaries
  5. Spaces within the lymph lobules with relatively few cells (2 words)
  6. A type of adaptive immunity where B cells produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids and bind to antigens (3 words)
  7. A larger amoeboid cell
  8. Monitor the composition of lymph; site of cells that engulf pathogens; immune response (2 words)
  9. Blunt-ended lymphatic vessels located centrally in the intestinal villi
  10. Relies on T cells and other immune cells to directly target and destroy infected or abnormal cells (3 words)
  11. Paired masses of lymphatic tissue located in the back of the throat (2 words)
  12. Lymphoid organ because its functions are consistent with those of the lymphatic system and its cells are lymphatic cells
  13. Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words)
  14. The first type of antibody produced by the body that responds to infections (3 letters)
  15. Common type of antibody (3 letters)
  16. Mass of tissue at the roof of the pharynx (2 words)
  17. Antibody that reacts to allergic reactions (3 letters)
  18. in the wall of the intestinal tract, particularly in the ileum (2 words)
  19. A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that plays a crucial role in the immune system, specifically in the lymphatic system, by directly destroying infected or cancerous cells (2 words)
  20. A type of white blood cells that make antibodies
  21. Aggregates of lymph node tissue located under the epithelial lining of the oral and pharyngeal cavities
Down
  1. Vessels leaving the lymph nodes
  2. In the tissue of the tongue (2 words)
  3. Set of proteins. On their surface they identify as “self.” (3 words)
  4. A group of high-activity, antibody-producing cells (2 words)
  5. Functions as the receptor site on B-lymphocytes for stimulating activation (3 letters)
  6. Person who becomes tolerant to “self” and will remain able to respond only to antigens interpreted as nonself
  7. The largest lymphatic vessel of the body(2 words)
  8. An immune response
  9. A set of primitive cells (2 words)
  10. Highly reactive proteins
  11. support main cells of the lymph nodes (B and T-lymphocytes) (2 words)
  12. A lymphatic vessel that collects lymph fluid from the upper right quadrant of the body and drains it into the venous system (3 words)
  13. Accumulation of intestinal fluid in the spaces between the cells
  14. A network of thin, tube-like structures that transfer lymph fluid throughout the body(2 words)
  15. Consists of eight polypeptide chains (3 letters)
  16. Where blood enters the spleen (2 words)
  17. A small, discrete section within the lymph nodes and the thymus
  18. Area where large blood vessels enter and leave the spleen
  19. Protein to fight off diseases
  20. A substance, often a protein, that triggers an immune response by activating lymphocytes and other immune cells
  21. Lymphatic organ located between the lungs and acts as storage for lymphocytes
  22. Also known as T4 cells, Type of white blood cell that develops in the thymus (2 words)
  23. Microscopic tubes making up the network(2 words)
  24. central region of lymph nodes that has fewer lymphocytes
  25. A type of white blood cell that plays a role in the adaptive immune system

46 Clues: An immune response • A larger amoeboid cell • Highly reactive proteins • Protein to fight off diseases • Vessels leaving the lymph nodes • The outer layer of lymphoid tissue • A set of primitive cells (2 words) • Common type of antibody (3 letters) • In the tissue of the tongue (2 words) • Where blood enters the spleen (2 words) • Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words) • ...

Lab Week 2025 Crossword 2025-04-19

Lab Week 2025 Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. most abundant white blood cell, fights bacterial infections
  2. a urinalysis screening test that suggests the presence of white blood cells in the urine (2 words)
  3. a microscopic fungus consisting of single oval cells that reproduce by budding, and are capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide
  4. ABO RH: Anti A=negative, Anti B=negative, Anti D=positive, A cells=positive, B cells= positive (a blood type)
  5. the study of microorganisms including algae, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses
  6. a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information
  7. a set of procedures designed to ensure the accuracy, reliability, and validity of test results (2 words)
  8. infection is caused by a type of staph bacteria that's become resistant to many of the antibiotics used to treat ordinary staph infections
  9. ABO RH: Anti A=positive, Anti B=negative, Anti D=positive, A cells=negative, B cells= positive (a blood type)
  10. bacteria that stains pink on a gram stain (2 words)
  11. ABO RH: Anti A=positive, Anti B=positive, Anti D=positive, A cells=negative, B cells= negative (a blood type)
  12. a urinalysis screening test that suggests the presence of bacteria in the urine
  13. the liquid that remains after blood has clotted
  14. a type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood and lymph tissue. It helps the body fight infection and other diseases
  15. the study of the clotting activity of blood
Down
  1. ABO RH: Anti A=negative, Anti B=positive, Anti D=negative, A cells=positive, B cells= negative (a blood type)
  2. ABO RH: Anti A=negative, Anti B=positive, Anti D=positive, A cells=positive, B cells= negative (a blood type)
  3. bacteria that is a common cause of urinary tract infections (2 words)
  4. the liquid that remains when clotting of blood is prevented with the addition of an anticoagulant
  5. the study of blood, blood morphology and blood diseases
  6. a type of blood cell responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and transporting carbon dioxide back to the lungs
  7. a red blood cell of normal color
  8. a laboratory test that examines a blood sample for the presence of microorganisms like bacteria or fungi (2 words)
  9. it is one of the body's chief means of eliminating excess water and salt, and also contains nitrogen compounds such as urea and other waste substances removed from the blood by the kidneys
  10. white blood cell that targets parasites, cancer cells, and plays a role in allergic responses
  11. ABO RH: Anti A=positive, Anti B=positive, Anti D=negative, A cells=negative, B cells= negative (a blood type)
  12. department within the lab that focuses on the collection, processing, testing, and storage of blood and blood products (2 words)
  13. it involves analyzing the urine's physical, chemical, and microscopic properties
  14. the study of immune products such as antibodies produced by the body in response to foreign material
  15. ABO RH: Anti A=positive, Anti B=negative, Anti D=negative, A cells=negative, B cells= positive (a blood type)
  16. a pre-transfusion test used to determine a patient’s blood type (ABO and Rh) and to screen for the presence of antibodies against red blood cells ( 2 words)
  17. acts as an anticoagulant by forming a complex with calcium ions. This complex prevents calcium from participating in the clotting cascade, thereby inhibiting blood clotting.
  18. bacteria that stains purple on a gram stain (2 words)
  19. ABO RH: Anti A=negative, Anti B=negative, Anti D=negative, A cells=positive, B cells= positive (a blood type)
  20. a red blood cell of normal size

35 Clues: a red blood cell of normal size • a red blood cell of normal color • the study of the clotting activity of blood • the liquid that remains after blood has clotted • bacteria that stains pink on a gram stain (2 words) • bacteria that stains purple on a gram stain (2 words) • the study of blood, blood morphology and blood diseases • ...

Chapter 4 2020-07-29

Chapter 4 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Projection of calcified bone extending from cortical bone into the marrow space; provides support for marrow cells
  2. The region at the interface between the non-lymphoid red pulp and the lymphoid white-pulp of the spleen (Two words)
  3. Protein produced by many cell types; it modulates the function of other cell types
  4. Cell involved in resorption and remodeling of calcified bone
  5. Formation and development of white blood cells
  6. Formation and maturation of erythrocytes in the bone marrow
  7. A parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that consists of loose plates or cords infiltrated with red blood cells (Two words)
  8. Flat cells that line the cavities of the blood and lymphatic vessels, heart, and other related body cavities
  9. Production and development of blood cells normally occurring in the bone marrow
  10. Yolk sac phase of hematopoiesis
  11. Cell whose cytoplasm is largely replaced with a single fat vacuole
  12. An abdominal organ involved in the production and removal of blood cells in most vertebrates and forming part of the immune system
  13. A phagocytic cell which forms the lining of the sinusoids of the liver and is involved in the breakdown of red blood cells
  14. The site of the second phase of fetal hematopoiesis
  15. Extensive splenic damage secondary to infarction; often seen in older children and adults with sickle cell anemia
Down
  1. A soft fatty substance in the cavities of bones, in which blood cells are produced (Two words)
  2. A family of polypeptide products (proteins) produced by many cell types that are involved in lymphocyte recruitment, lymphocyte proliferation, and cellular responses in immunology
  3. Removal of the spleen
  4. Cell involved in formation of calcified bone
  5. The development of megakaryocytes
  6. Disorder characterized by enlargement of the spleen and pancytopenia in the presence of a hyperactive bone marrow
  7. A parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that consists of compact masses of lymphatic cells (Two words)
  8. Hormone secreted by the kidney that regulates erythrocyte production by stimulating the stem cells of the bone marrow to mature into erythrocytes
  9. Abnormal enlargement of the spleen
  10. A lymphoid organ situated in the neck of vertebrates that produces T cells for the immune system
  11. Bone marrow not involved in the production of blood cells
  12. Cellular element of the hematopoietic microenvironment in the red portion of bone marrow
  13. A colorless fluid containing white blood cells, which bathes the tissues and drains through the lymphatic system into the bloodstream
  14. Bone marrow characterized by meshes of the reticular network that contain the developmental stages of red blood cells, white blood cells, and megakaryocytes

29 Clues: Removal of the spleen • Yolk sac phase of hematopoiesis • The development of megakaryocytes • Abnormal enlargement of the spleen • Cell involved in formation of calcified bone • Formation and development of white blood cells • The site of the second phase of fetal hematopoiesis • Bone marrow not involved in the production of blood cells • ...

Muscles 2024-02-05

Muscles crossword puzzle
Across
  1. structures that allow cytoplasm to pass between cells
  2. ECG wave that represents the depolarization of the ventricles
  3. molecule used to store excess glucose in the liver
  4. hormone released by alpha cells of the pancreas in response to low blood sugar
  5. valve that separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary trunk
  6. period of time when the heart is contracting
  7. layer of tissue that lines the inside of the heart
  8. cells that transport oxygen to the tissues of the body
  9. cells that produce glucagon
  10. main hormone produced in the zona fasiculata of the adrenal cortex
  11. thin walled extensions of the atria
  12. period of time when the heart is filling
  13. structure that forms the junction between two cardiomyocytes
  14. substances that can induce an immune response
  15. upper right hand structure of the heart that receives blood from the inferior and superior vena cavae
  16. cardiac cells that are primarily responsible for contractions of the heart
  17. globulin proteins that can recognize antigens
  18. hormone released by kidneys in response to low blood oxygen
  19. heart chambers that pump blood
Down
  1. hormone secreted by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland
  2. set of myocardial contractile cells that establish the normal cardiac rhythm
  3. ridges of cardiac muscle found on the interior walls of ventricles
  4. hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland in response to high blood osmolarity
  5. main hormone produced in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex
  6. cell that is broken down to form platelets
  7. substance found in the interior of thyroid follicles
  8. structure that is the main producer of human chorionic gonadotropin
  9. deep groove between the atria and the ventricles, visible on the exterior of the heart
  10. set of myocardial contractile cells located in the inferior portion of the right atrium which pauses before passing electrical impulse it receives
  11. hormone released by beta cells of the pancreas in response to high blood sugar
  12. granulocytic leukocyte with a horseshoe-shaped nucleus that appears red in a histological section
  13. structure that separates the right atrium from the right ventricle
  14. procedure that allows you to record the electrical signals of the heart
  15. endocrine structures of the pancreas
  16. type of signaling that effects cells that neighbor the cell releasing the signal
  17. condition in which you don't have enough white blood cells
  18. ability of cardiac muscles to initiate an electrical signal at a fixed rate
  19. heart chambers that receive blood
  20. condition in which you have too many blood cells
  21. cells that produce insulin
  22. protein found in red blood cells that binds and releases oxygen
  23. cells that release parathyroid hormone

42 Clues: cells that produce insulin • cells that produce glucagon • heart chambers that pump blood • heart chambers that receive blood • thin walled extensions of the atria • endocrine structures of the pancreas • cells that release parathyroid hormone • period of time when the heart is filling • cell that is broken down to form platelets • ...

Bio 11 2025-08-20

Bio 11 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. the jelly-like fluid inside the cell that holds organelles in place
  2. a complex cell with a nucleus and organelles
  3. the control center of the cell that stores DNA
  4. an organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids
  5. the first stage of mitosis where chromosomes become visible
  6. the movement of molecules using energy against their concentration gradient
  7. the double-layered structure that makes up the cell membrane
  8. cells that build and maintain bone tissue
  9. a simple cell without a nucleus, like bacteria
  10. a network that helps in protein and lipid synthesis
  11. a sac filled with enzymes that break down waste and old cell parts
  12. the final stage of mitosis where nuclear membranes reform
  13. the phase where a cell grows, carries out functions, and copies DNA
  14. a principle stating that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from pre-existing cells
  15. the repeating sequence of growth and division in a cell
  16. unspecialized cells that can develop into different cell types
  17. the movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration
  18. the ability of a membrane to allow some substances in while blocking others
Down
  1. a tiny structure that makes proteins from amino acids
  2. the powerhouse of the cell that produces energy (ATP)
  3. specialized plant cells that open and close stomata for gas exchange
  4. the stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite sides
  5. specialized cells that transmit electrical signals in the body
  6. the stage of mitosis where chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
  7. the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
  8. a framework of fibers that gives shape, support, and movement to the cell
  9. an organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs
  10. a specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function
  11. tiny hair-like structures that help in movement or moving substances across the surface
  12. a thread-like structure of DNA that carries genetic information
  13. specialized cells that contract to produce movement
  14. one half of a duplicated chromosome
  15. a thin barrier that controls what enters and leaves the cell
  16. a large storage sac in plant cells that holds water and nutrients
  17. the division of the cytoplasm to form two new cells
  18. a whip-like tail that helps some cells move
  19. fibers that help separate chromosomes during cell division
  20. cells that carry oxygen throughout the body
  21. a structure that helps organize spindle fibers during cell division
  22. a rigid layer that gives plant cells structure and protection

40 Clues: one half of a duplicated chromosome • cells that build and maintain bone tissue • a whip-like tail that helps some cells move • cells that carry oxygen throughout the body • a complex cell with a nucleus and organelles • the control center of the cell that stores DNA • a simple cell without a nucleus, like bacteria • specialized cells that contract to produce movement • ...

Bio 11 2025-08-20

Bio 11 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. the jelly-like fluid inside the cell that holds organelles in place
  2. a complex cell with a nucleus and organelles
  3. the control center of the cell that stores DNA
  4. an organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids
  5. the first stage of mitosis where chromosomes become visible
  6. the movement of molecules using energy against their concentration gradient
  7. the double-layered structure that makes up the cell membrane
  8. cells that build and maintain bone tissue
  9. a simple cell without a nucleus, like bacteria
  10. a network that helps in protein and lipid synthesis
  11. a sac filled with enzymes that break down waste and old cell parts
  12. the final stage of mitosis where nuclear membranes reform
  13. the phase where a cell grows, carries out functions, and copies DNA
  14. a principle stating that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from pre-existing cells
  15. the repeating sequence of growth and division in a cell
  16. unspecialized cells that can develop into different cell types
  17. the movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration
  18. the ability of a membrane to allow some substances in while blocking others
Down
  1. a tiny structure that makes proteins from amino acids
  2. the powerhouse of the cell that produces energy (ATP)
  3. specialized plant cells that open and close stomata for gas exchange
  4. the stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite sides
  5. specialized cells that transmit electrical signals in the body
  6. the stage of mitosis where chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
  7. the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
  8. a framework of fibers that gives shape, support, and movement to the cell
  9. an organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs
  10. a specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function
  11. tiny hair-like structures that help in movement or moving substances across the surface
  12. a thread-like structure of DNA that carries genetic information
  13. specialized cells that contract to produce movement
  14. one half of a duplicated chromosome
  15. a thin barrier that controls what enters and leaves the cell
  16. a large storage sac in plant cells that holds water and nutrients
  17. the division of the cytoplasm to form two new cells
  18. a whip-like tail that helps some cells move
  19. fibers that help separate chromosomes during cell division
  20. cells that carry oxygen throughout the body
  21. a structure that helps organize spindle fibers during cell division
  22. a rigid layer that gives plant cells structure and protection

40 Clues: one half of a duplicated chromosome • cells that build and maintain bone tissue • a whip-like tail that helps some cells move • cells that carry oxygen throughout the body • a complex cell with a nucleus and organelles • the control center of the cell that stores DNA • a simple cell without a nucleus, like bacteria • specialized cells that contract to produce movement • ...

Effector functions 2025-02-06

Effector functions crossword puzzle
Across
  1. In a viral infection, T helper cells are most likely to differentiate into the Th-__ subset (spell the number).
  2. Signature cytokines produced by Th17 cells are IL-22 and IL-___ (spell the number).
  3. IgA is said to be responsible for what type of immunity?
  4. What shape are IgM molecules secreted in?
  5. Which isotype is used to opsonise parasites, but is also involved in allergic disease?
  6. Cytotoxic (killer) T cells can engage a receptor on infected cells to trigger the cell’s apoptosis. What is this receptor called?
  7. In a fungal infection, the cytokine produced by Th cells recruits an innate immune cell that can phagocytose and kill this pathogen. What are these innate immune cells?
  8. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacterium that multiplies inside host cells. The T helper subset most suited to its elimination is Th-___ (spell the number).
  9. Th1-produced cytokines are known to activate what type of innate immune cell?
  10. B cells that can make either IgG, IgA or IgE are said to have done what
Down
  1. When cytotoxic (killer) T cells kill a cell using cytotoxic enzymes they first create pores in this target cell. What is the name of the molecule that allows them to do this?
  2. The name of the Th subset that ‘helps’ B cells to undergo antibody isotype switching is T-______ helper cells.
  3. In a parasitic infection, helper T cell cytokine production should activate an innate immune cell that can kill the parasite. What are these innate immune cells?
  4. The Th subset most suited to fighting a fungal infection is Th-___ (spell the number).
  5. A signature cytokine produced by Th1 cells is Interferon-_______.
  6. Three signature cytokines produced by Th2 cells are IL-4, IL-5 and IL-___ (spell the number).
  7. Cytotoxic (killer) T cells can kill an infected cell using enzymes stored in their cytotoxic granules. What are these enzymes called?
  8. About 20% of Australians are affected by a maladaptation of the Th2 response, which results in ______ disease.
  9. A parasitic infection needs a Th-___ subset response (spell the number).
  10. Which antibody isotype is the most abundant in blood and has the most effector functions?

20 Clues: What shape are IgM molecules secreted in? • IgA is said to be responsible for what type of immunity? • A signature cytokine produced by Th1 cells is Interferon-_______. • B cells that can make either IgG, IgA or IgE are said to have done what • A parasitic infection needs a Th-___ subset response (spell the number). • ...

Cells and organelles 2018-10-23

Cells and organelles crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Structures inside the cell that make it work
  2. Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
  3. Gel-like fluid where the organelles are found
  4. Ribosomes are on the surface and involved in protein synthesis
  5. Has passageways that assembles proteins, lipid components and other materials form one part of the cell to another
  6. Receives proteins & materials from the ER, packages them, & distributes them
  7. Uses chemical to break down food and worn out cell parts
  8. Contain DNA, which controls the functions of the cell and production of proteins
Down
  1. Contain enzymes for synthesis lipids and detoxication of drugs
  2. Stores food, water, wastes and other materials in plant cells
  3. 1.All living things are composed of cells.2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.3. New cells are produced from existing cells
  4. Controls what comes into and out of a cell
  5. Captures energy from the sunlight and uses it to produce food in plant cells
  6. Powerhouse of the cell
  7. Assembles amino acids to create proteins
  8. Cells that do not contain nuclei
  9. Cells that contain nuclei
  10. Ridged outer layer of plant cell
  11. Smallest living object

19 Clues: Powerhouse of the cell • Smallest living object • Cells that contain nuclei • Cells that do not contain nuclei • Ridged outer layer of plant cell • Assembles amino acids to create proteins • Controls what comes into and out of a cell • Structures inside the cell that make it work • Gel-like fluid where the organelles are found • ...

The Cells That Make Us 2023-04-14

The Cells That Make Us crossword puzzle
Across
  1. the brain of the cell
  2. forms when human cells band together
  3. oval shaped part of the cell that produces energy
  4. form muscles that help us move
  5. gel-like fluid that fills the cell
  6. this is what Mike compared cells to
  7. mitochondria convert ___ into chemical energy for cells
  8. number of vital organs in humans
  9. organisms made up of a collection of cells
Down
  1. small units that make up our body
  2. tissues in brain, spinal cord, and nerves
  3. tissues that line or cover the different parts of the body
  4. type of tissue that form connections between structures in the body
  5. number of cells that form the human body
  6. scientific instrument in which you can see cells
  7. types of tissues that perform specific functions (ex: heart)
  8. a single cell creature
  9. surrounds the nucleus of a cell to protect it

18 Clues: the brain of the cell • a single cell creature • form muscles that help us move • number of vital organs in humans • small units that make up our body • gel-like fluid that fills the cell • this is what Mike compared cells to • forms when human cells band together • number of cells that form the human body • tissues in brain, spinal cord, and nerves • ...

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab 2025-04-07

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Also known as T8 cells, Dampens the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells and slows the immune process as the antigen stimulus lessens (2 words)
  2. Certain of the stem cells form forerunners of the immune system (2 words)
  3. The outer layer of lymphoid tissue
  4. A collection of the extra fluid that drains from cells and tissues in your body and isn't reabsorbed into your capillaries
  5. Spaces within the lymph lobules with relatively few cells (2 words)
  6. A type of adaptive immunity where B cells produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids and bind to antigens (3 words)
  7. A larger amoeboid cell
  8. Monitor the composition of lymph; site of cells that engulf pathogens; immune response (2 words)
  9. Blunt-ended lymphatic vessels located centrally in the intestinal villi
  10. Relies on T cells and other immune cells to directly target and destroy infected or abnormal cells (3 words)
  11. Paired masses of lymphatic tissue located in the back of the throat (2 words)
  12. Lymphoid organ because its functions are consistent with those of the lymphatic system and its cells are lymphatic cells
  13. Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words)
  14. The first type of antibody produced by the body that responds to infections (3 letters)
  15. Common type of antibody (3 letters)
  16. Mass of tissue at the roof of the pharynx (2 words)
  17. Antibody that reacts to allergic reactions (3 letters)
  18. in the wall of the intestinal tract, particularly in the ileum (2 words)
  19. A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that plays a crucial role in the immune system, specifically in the lymphatic system, by directly destroying infected or cancerous cells (2 words)
  20. A type of white blood cells that make antibodies
  21. Aggregates of lymph node tissue located under the epithelial lining of the oral and pharyngeal cavities
Down
  1. Vessels leaving the lymph nodes
  2. In the tissue of the tongue (2 words)
  3. Set of proteins. On their surface they identify as “self.” (3 words)
  4. A group of high-activity, antibody-producing cells (2 words)
  5. Functions as the receptor site on B-lymphocytes for stimulating activation (3 letters)
  6. Person who becomes tolerant to “self” and will remain able to respond only to antigens interpreted as nonself
  7. The largest lymphatic vessel of the body(2 words)
  8. An immune response
  9. A set of primitive cells (2 words)
  10. Highly reactive proteins
  11. support main cells of the lymph nodes (B and T-lymphocytes) (2 words)
  12. A lymphatic vessel that collects lymph fluid from the upper right quadrant of the body and drains it into the venous system (3 words)
  13. Accumulation of intestinal fluid in the spaces between the cells
  14. A network of thin, tube-like structures that transfer lymph fluid throughout the body(2 words)
  15. Consists of eight polypeptide chains (3 letters)
  16. Where blood enters the spleen (2 words)
  17. A small, discrete section within the lymph nodes and the thymus
  18. Area where large blood vessels enter and leave the spleen
  19. Protein to fight off diseases
  20. A substance, often a protein, that triggers an immune response by activating lymphocytes and other immune cells
  21. Lymphatic organ located between the lungs and acts as storage for lymphocytes
  22. Also known as T4 cells, Type of white blood cell that develops in the thymus (2 words)
  23. Microscopic tubes making up the network(2 words)
  24. central region of lymph nodes that has fewer lymphocytes
  25. A type of white blood cell that plays a role in the adaptive immune system

46 Clues: An immune response • A larger amoeboid cell • Highly reactive proteins • Protein to fight off diseases • Vessels leaving the lymph nodes • The outer layer of lymphoid tissue • A set of primitive cells (2 words) • Common type of antibody (3 letters) • In the tissue of the tongue (2 words) • Where blood enters the spleen (2 words) • Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words) • ...

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab 2025-04-07

lymphatic + Immune System Vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Also known as T8 cells, Dampens the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells and slows the immune process as the antigen stimulus lessens (2 words)
  2. Certain of the stem cells form forerunners of the immune system (2 words)
  3. The outer layer of lymphoid tissue
  4. A collection of the extra fluid that drains from cells and tissues in your body and isn't reabsorbed into your capillaries
  5. Spaces within the lymph lobules with relatively few cells (2 words)
  6. A type of adaptive immunity where B cells produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids and bind to antigens (3 words)
  7. A larger amoeboid cell
  8. Monitor the composition of lymph; site of cells that engulf pathogens; immune response (2 words)
  9. Blunt-ended lymphatic vessels located centrally in the intestinal villi
  10. Relies on T cells and other immune cells to directly target and destroy infected or abnormal cells (3 words)
  11. Paired masses of lymphatic tissue located in the back of the throat (2 words)
  12. Lymphoid organ because its functions are consistent with those of the lymphatic system and its cells are lymphatic cells
  13. Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words)
  14. The first type of antibody produced by the body that responds to infections (3 letters)
  15. Common type of antibody (3 letters)
  16. Mass of tissue at the roof of the pharynx (2 words)
  17. Antibody that reacts to allergic reactions (3 letters)
  18. in the wall of the intestinal tract, particularly in the ileum (2 words)
  19. A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that plays a crucial role in the immune system, specifically in the lymphatic system, by directly destroying infected or cancerous cells (2 words)
  20. A type of white blood cells that make antibodies
  21. Aggregates of lymph node tissue located under the epithelial lining of the oral and pharyngeal cavities
Down
  1. Vessels leaving the lymph nodes
  2. In the tissue of the tongue (2 words)
  3. Set of proteins. On their surface they identify as “self.” (3 words)
  4. A group of high-activity, antibody-producing cells (2 words)
  5. Functions as the receptor site on B-lymphocytes for stimulating activation (3 letters)
  6. Person who becomes tolerant to “self” and will remain able to respond only to antigens interpreted as nonself
  7. The largest lymphatic vessel of the body(2 words)
  8. An immune response
  9. A set of primitive cells (2 words)
  10. Highly reactive proteins
  11. support main cells of the lymph nodes (B and T-lymphocytes) (2 words)
  12. A lymphatic vessel that collects lymph fluid from the upper right quadrant of the body and drains it into the venous system (3 words)
  13. Accumulation of intestinal fluid in the spaces between the cells
  14. A network of thin, tube-like structures that transfer lymph fluid throughout the body(2 words)
  15. Consists of eight polypeptide chains (3 letters)
  16. Where blood enters the spleen (2 words)
  17. A small, discrete section within the lymph nodes and the thymus
  18. Area where large blood vessels enter and leave the spleen
  19. Protein to fight off diseases
  20. A substance, often a protein, that triggers an immune response by activating lymphocytes and other immune cells
  21. Lymphatic organ located between the lungs and acts as storage for lymphocytes
  22. Also known as T4 cells, Type of white blood cell that develops in the thymus (2 words)
  23. Microscopic tubes making up the network(2 words)
  24. central region of lymph nodes that has fewer lymphocytes
  25. A type of white blood cell that plays a role in the adaptive immune system

46 Clues: An immune response • A larger amoeboid cell • Highly reactive proteins • Protein to fight off diseases • Vessels leaving the lymph nodes • The outer layer of lymphoid tissue • A set of primitive cells (2 words) • Common type of antibody (3 letters) • In the tissue of the tongue (2 words) • Where blood enters the spleen (2 words) • Vessels entering the lymph nodes (3 words) • ...

Cells to Systems 2025-08-27

Cells to Systems crossword puzzle
Across
  1. System, A group of organs that work together to perform complex functions in the body, such as the digestive or respiratory system.
  2. Cells, Cells that have unique structures and functions tailored to perform specific tasks in an organism, such as nerve cells or muscle cells.
  3. The organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities.
  4. Organelles are known as the "powerhouses" of the cell, where energy production occurs.
  5. The basic unit of life that makes up all living organisms.
  6. Cells, Simple cells without a nucleus or organelles, typically found in bacteria.
  7. Tiny openings on the surface of leaves that allow for gas exchange (carbon dioxide in and oxygen out).
  8. The process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, producing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.
  9. Wall, A rigid outer layer found in plant cells that provides structure and support.
Down
  1. Organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for photosynthesis.
  2. The process by which plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
  3. A structure made up of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function, such as the heart or lungs.
  4. A group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.
  5. Small, finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase surface area for nutrient absorption.
  6. Cells, Cells that have a nucleus and organelles, found in organisms like plants and animals.
  7. Membrane, The outer layer of a cell that controls what enters and exits the cell.
  8. Cells, Specialised cells that surround stomata and control their opening and closing to regulate gas exchange.
  9. Specialised structures within a cell that perform specific functions, such as the nucleus and mitochondria.

18 Clues: The basic unit of life that makes up all living organisms. • Organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for photosynthesis. • A group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. • Membrane, The outer layer of a cell that controls what enters and exits the cell. • ...

Chapter 4: Cell Discovery 2025-11-18

Chapter 4: Cell Discovery crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Leeuwenhoek's "wretched beasties"
  2. The item that Hooke was looking at when he found cells
  3. The zoologist that said "All animals are made of cells.
  4. The study of plants
  5. Tool used to view cells
  6. First person to see living cells
  7. The study of animals
  8. The Latin word for "cell"
Down
  1. Doctor that said "Cells come from other cells"
  2. Leeuwenhoek is called the "Father" of this
  3. What Leeuwenhoek called his pond water animals
  4. First person to see and name cells
  5. What Leeuwenhoek scraped to see his bacteria
  6. The cell part that Hooke actually cell
  7. The botanist that said "All plants are made of cells."

15 Clues: The study of plants • The study of animals • Tool used to view cells • The Latin word for "cell" • First person to see living cells • Leeuwenhoek's "wretched beasties" • First person to see and name cells • The cell part that Hooke actually cell • Leeuwenhoek is called the "Father" of this • What Leeuwenhoek scraped to see his bacteria • ...

cells 2013-03-25

cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. when the nucleus splits and forms a new cell.
  2. a jelly like fluid.
  3. what helps remove waste.
  4. the building blocks of life.
  5. what lets good stuff in and bad ones out.
  6. a cell's brain.
Down
  1. other cells in groups.
  2. what makes protein and turns food into energy and gets rid of waste.
  3. what keeps a plant's shape.

9 Clues: a cell's brain. • a jelly like fluid. • other cells in groups. • what helps remove waste. • what keeps a plant's shape. • the building blocks of life. • what lets good stuff in and bad ones out. • when the nucleus splits and forms a new cell. • what makes protein and turns food into energy and gets rid of waste.

cells 2018-02-22

cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. storge area for the cell
  2. wall provides protection and suport
  3. reticulum transports materials in the cell
  4. breaks down food particles and worn out parts
Down
  1. powerhouses the cell that produces energy
  2. bluids protein for the cell function
  3. controls what enters and leaves the cell
  4. is the command center, direct the cells activities
  5. body receives packages and distributes materials

9 Clues: storge area for the cell • wall provides protection and suport • bluids protein for the cell function • controls what enters and leaves the cell • powerhouses the cell that produces energy • reticulum transports materials in the cell • breaks down food particles and worn out parts • body receives packages and distributes materials • ...

Cells 2018-03-22

Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. It is the cell's power producers
  2. The mitochondria is where the cell gets its ____
  3. A structural layer surrounding some types of cells, just outside the cell membrane
  4. The main job of the ribosome is to make these for the cell
Down
  1. The outer boundary of the cell
  2. A part of the cell such as the nucleus, ribosomes, and lysosomes
  3. What is formed when many of the same type of cells are together in a group
  4. Basic unit of life
  5. Eukaryotic cells are the types of cells that make up plants and ____
  6. The outer boundary of the cell

10 Clues: Basic unit of life • The outer boundary of the cell • The outer boundary of the cell • It is the cell's power producers • The mitochondria is where the cell gets its ____ • The main job of the ribosome is to make these for the cell • A part of the cell such as the nucleus, ribosomes, and lysosomes • Eukaryotic cells are the types of cells that make up plants and ____ • ...

Cells 2020-04-13

Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Helps animals, humans, and plants, along with many more organisms live.
  2. This makes protein for the cell
  3. Found inside the nucleus
  4. An organelle found in eukaryotic systems mainly
  5. The leader/brain of the cell.
  6. Very large numbers of these are found in cells.
Down
  1. sacs that hold cytoplasm
  2. The liquid found in cells to provide nutrients to all the other components.
  3. similar to the cytoplasm of the cell but located in the nucleus

9 Clues: sacs that hold cytoplasm • Found inside the nucleus • The leader/brain of the cell. • This makes protein for the cell • An organelle found in eukaryotic systems mainly • Very large numbers of these are found in cells. • similar to the cytoplasm of the cell but located in the nucleus • Helps animals, humans, and plants, along with many more organisms live. • ...

cells!!! 2021-02-12

cells!!! crossword puzzle
Across
  1. organelle only found in plant cells, provides structure
  2. organelle used for storage
  3. tiny organs
  4. organisms that have more than one cell
  5. homeostasis
Down
  1. power house of the cell
  2. organisms that have only one cell
  3. stores genetic information in a eukaryotic cell
  4. also known as the plasma membrane,

9 Clues: tiny organs • homeostasis • power house of the cell • organelle used for storage • organisms that have only one cell • also known as the plasma membrane, • organisms that have more than one cell • stores genetic information in a eukaryotic cell • organelle only found in plant cells, provides structure

CELLS 2020-12-08

CELLS crossword puzzle
Across
  1. this organ system responds to sensations
  2. a group of tissues working together for a specific function
  3. the control center sends a message to this to correct the "problem" and bring the body back to balance
  4. this organ system is responsible for processing foods
Down
  1. All organisms must maintain
  2. detects the change and sends a signal to the control center
  3. control center
  4. Smallest unit of Life
  5. group of cells with similar structure and function are known as:

9 Clues: control center • Smallest unit of Life • All organisms must maintain • this organ system responds to sensations • this organ system is responsible for processing foods • detects the change and sends a signal to the control center • a group of tissues working together for a specific function • group of cells with similar structure and function are known as: • ...

Cells 2020-12-18

Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. protects cell from ruptures
  2. Metabolizes waste products
  3. Located on the outer part
  4. Produces the Eukaryotes energy
  5. allows the prokaryote to move
  6. contains genetic material
Down
  1. make the cells protein+DNA
  2. where nutrients and waste pass
  3. Keeps waste or maintains water
  4. maintain the cell's shape

10 Clues: Located on the outer part • maintain the cell's shape • contains genetic material • make the cells protein+DNA • Metabolizes waste products • protects cell from ruptures • allows the prokaryote to move • where nutrients and waste pass • Keeps waste or maintains water • Produces the Eukaryotes energy

Cells 2017-05-18

Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. What carries DNA and information on how to make the cell grow
  2. What is the control centre of the cell called
  3. what holds the organelles in place
  4. What organelle is only found in plant cells
  5. wall What surrounds the cell and gives it their shape
  6. What stores food or nutrients in a cell
Down
  1. What are small organs inside of a cell called
  2. What is known as the powerhouse of the cell
  3. What digest excess food particles

9 Clues: What digest excess food particles • what holds the organelles in place • What stores food or nutrients in a cell • What is known as the powerhouse of the cell • What organelle is only found in plant cells • What are small organs inside of a cell called • What is the control centre of the cell called • wall What surrounds the cell and gives it their shape • ...

Cells 2018-06-05

Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. What fertilises an egg cell - female gamete?
  2. What Chemical process take place controlled by Enzymes?
  3. What contains haemoglobin to carry oxygen to cells?
  4. What strengthens the cells?
Down
  1. What absorbs water and and mineral ions from the soil?
  2. What does the blood circulate around?
  3. What contains genetic material, which controls the cell?
  4. What absorbs light energy for photosynthesis?
  5. Controls the movement of substances into and out the cell?

9 Clues: What strengthens the cells? • What does the blood circulate around? • What fertilises an egg cell - female gamete? • What absorbs light energy for photosynthesis? • What contains haemoglobin to carry oxygen to cells? • What absorbs water and and mineral ions from the soil? • What Chemical process take place controlled by Enzymes? • ...

Cells 2019-05-19

Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. jelly-like fluid in the middle of the cell
  2. found inside of plant cells
  3. large structure that controls all activity's of the cell
Down
  1. the power house of the cell
  2. Membrane thin layer that forms the outside boundary of the cell opening
  3. any of the cells making up the skin
  4. Membrane thin layer around the nucleus
  5. tiny structures inside the
  6. are storage bubbles found in cells

9 Clues: tiny structures inside the • the power house of the cell • found inside of plant cells • are storage bubbles found in cells • any of the cells making up the skin • Membrane thin layer around the nucleus • jelly-like fluid in the middle of the cell • large structure that controls all activity's of the cell • ...

Cells 2017-12-05

Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Theory that states cells come from other cells
  2. A group of molecules
  3. A group of tissues
  4. Cell division
  5. A group of organs
  6. A group of cells
Down
  1. The smallest organization for living things
  2. When nutrients move across plasma membrane with energy
  3. Organelles that help plants make food

9 Clues: Cell division • A group of cells • A group of organs • A group of tissues • A group of molecules • Organelles that help plants make food • The smallest organization for living things • Theory that states cells come from other cells • When nutrients move across plasma membrane with energy

Cells! 2018-05-27

Cells! crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Outside layer of a cell
  2. they have a true nucleus and specialized structures called organelles that carry out different functions.
  3. organelles, specialized compartments, in plant and algal cells.
  4. Living Cell
Down
  1. cells that differ in several key aspects from the cells of other eukaryotic organisms.
  2. A space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
  3. a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material.
  4. Non-living cell
  5. The semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.

9 Clues: Living Cell • Non-living cell • Outside layer of a cell • The semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. • organelles, specialized compartments, in plant and algal cells. • cells that differ in several key aspects from the cells of other eukaryotic organisms. • ...

Cells 2021-05-25

Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. helps cell crawl
  2. surrounds the cell membrane
  3. specialized cell structure
  4. whip like structure
Down
  1. supports and protects cell
  2. hair like structure
  3. jelly-like substance inside cell
  4. makes protiens
  5. basic unit of living things

9 Clues: makes protiens • helps cell crawl • hair like structure • whip like structure • supports and protects cell • specialized cell structure • basic unit of living things • surrounds the cell membrane • jelly-like substance inside cell

cells 2023-09-28

cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. vacuole contains water solution, membrane-bound sac for storage,digestion, and waste removal
  2. protein packaging plant and moves materials within the cell and out of the cell
  3. found in cells that contain
  4. gel-like substance that fills the cell.
  5. organelle within a cell that contains chromosomes
  6. make protein and are found in the rough ER
Down
  1. contain genetic material which provides instructions for the cell functions
  2. wall found in only plant cells and supports and protects the cell and provides the shape of cell
  3. digestive plant for proteins,fats and carbohydrates
  4. membrane A double layer to the cell and controls what goes in and out of the cell

10 Clues: found in cells that contain • gel-like substance that fills the cell. • make protein and are found in the rough ER • organelle within a cell that contains chromosomes • digestive plant for proteins,fats and carbohydrates • contain genetic material which provides instructions for the cell functions • ...

cells 2023-09-06

cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. is the transportation
  2. makes ribosomes
  3. storage for water and food
  4. makes energy from the sun
Down
  1. holds everything in place
  2. holds everything up
  3. chooses what goes in and comes out
  4. makes energy
  5. is the brain of the cell
  6. the digestive system of the cell

10 Clues: makes energy • makes ribosomes • holds everything up • is the transportation • is the brain of the cell • holds everything in place • makes energy from the sun • storage for water and food • the digestive system of the cell • chooses what goes in and comes out

Cells 2023-09-15

Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. where genetic information is stored
  2. contains cell sap
  3. made of cellulose
  4. absorbs energy from sun
  5. powerhouse of the cell (aerobic respiration)
Down
  1. where the cell makes protein
  2. another name for bacterial cells
  3. where metabolic reactions take place
  4. it controls what goes in and out of the cell

9 Clues: contains cell sap • made of cellulose • absorbs energy from sun • where the cell makes protein • another name for bacterial cells • where genetic information is stored • where metabolic reactions take place • it controls what goes in and out of the cell • powerhouse of the cell (aerobic respiration)

Cells 2023-05-16

Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. It has genes
  2. Import and export
  3. Bound to the membrane
  4. Photosensitizers
  5. One and none
  6. Center of the universe
Down
  1. Many in one
  2. Its in our cells
  3. Little red things

9 Clues: Many in one • It has genes • One and none • Its in our cells • Photosensitizers • Import and export • Little red things • Bound to the membrane • Center of the universe

CELLS 2023-08-13

CELLS crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Place where photosynthesis happens
  2. circular DNA
  3. place where genetic information is stored
  4. doesn't have nucleus
  5. Control what goes in and out of cell
Down
  1. place where energy produced
  2. making protein
  3. large structure in plant cell, cell sap
  4. Smallest units from which all organism are made

9 Clues: circular DNA • making protein • doesn't have nucleus • place where energy produced • Place where photosynthesis happens • Control what goes in and out of cell • large structure in plant cell, cell sap • place where genetic information is stored • Smallest units from which all organism are made

Cells! 2023-08-22

Cells! crossword puzzle
Across
  1. / Single-celled
  2. / prokaryotic
  3. / nucleus
  4. / cell
  5. / DNA
Down
  1. / organisms
  2. / Rer
  3. / energy
  4. / multicelluar

9 Clues: / Rer • / DNA • / cell • / energy • / nucleus • / organisms • / prokaryotic • / multicelluar • / Single-celled