cells Crossword Puzzles

Adaptive Immune System 2025-05-18

Adaptive Immune System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Type of B-cell that produces antibodies
  2. Type of cell that “remembers” pathogens for faster response
  3. Lymphocyte that matures in bone marrow
  4. A weakened or inactive form of a pathogen used to stimulate immunity
  5. Microorganism that causes disease
  6. Protection against specific disease
  7. Tissue where B-cells are produced and mature
  8. Lymphocyte that matures in the thymus
Down
  1. Describes how the adaptive immune system targets particular antigens
  2. Type of T-cell that activates B-cells
  3. Protein made by B-cells that binds to antigens
  4. Type of white blood cell involved in the adaptive response
  5. Foreign substance that triggers an immune response
  6. Type of T-cell that destroys infected cells
  7. Organ where T-cells mature

15 Clues: Organ where T-cells mature • Microorganism that causes disease • Protection against specific disease • Type of T-cell that activates B-cells • Lymphocyte that matures in the thymus • Lymphocyte that matures in bone marrow • Type of B-cell that produces antibodies • Type of T-cell that destroys infected cells • Tissue where B-cells are produced and mature • ...

Biology Vocabulary Crossword 2021-02-15

Biology Vocabulary Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. a characteristic of an organism
  2. the sperm cells found in a plant
  3. a life form whose parents are from two different species
  4. a tool used to see cells
  5. a molecule that contains information that determines traits
  6. a difference in the form of a trait
  7. a group of organisms that can breed to produce a fertile offspring
  8. a cell formed from the combined egg and sperm cells
  9. the egg cells found in a plant
  10. the smallest units of life
Down
  1. a kind of trait that is learned or changed during life
  2. a kind of trait that is passed on to an offspring
  3. the organelle that holds the DNA
  4. the study of life
  5. the classification of species
  6. a structure within a cell that performs a certain job for that cell

16 Clues: the study of life • a tool used to see cells • the smallest units of life • the classification of species • the egg cells found in a plant • a characteristic of an organism • the organelle that holds the DNA • the sperm cells found in a plant • a difference in the form of a trait • a kind of trait that is passed on to an offspring • ...

Cell Organelles 2023-05-29

Cell Organelles crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Coils and condenses to form chromosomes, and is apart of DNA replication.
  2. Frame that provides strength and protection found in plant cells.
  3. The endoplasmic reticulum that has ribosomes and transports proteins.
  4. Filled with enzymes that break down what's needed in the cell.
  5. Where the protein is assembled.
  6. The powerhouse of the cell.
  7. An internal network of fibres that help maintain cells shape.
  8. Receives proteins and packages them.
Down
  1. Region in nucleus where chromosomes are.
  2. Fills the cell and surrounds the organelles.
  3. The control centre that holds the cells DNA.
  4. Has chlorophyll.
  5. Forms a barrier and lets substances in and out.
  6. The endoplasmic reticulum that transports carbohydrates, and lipids.
  7. Stores nutrients, and hold water for plant cells.
  8. Organize microtubules that serve as cells skeletal system.

16 Clues: Has chlorophyll. • The powerhouse of the cell. • Where the protein is assembled. • Receives proteins and packages them. • Region in nucleus where chromosomes are. • Fills the cell and surrounds the organelles. • The control centre that holds the cells DNA. • Forms a barrier and lets substances in and out. • Stores nutrients, and hold water for plant cells. • ...

Sources and Sinks 2021-12-03

Sources and Sinks crossword puzzle
Across
  1. heating Near the equator, the sun shines straight overhead, and ________ is intense.
  2. Where the air is sinking, or subsiding, air pressure is
  3. What does water do when hit with solar energy?
  4. passes all the way through our atmosphere is absorbed either by the ground surface or by water
  5. air pressure at the surface is
  6. what is the result of convection
  7. what warm air cools it does what?
Down
  1. we call the equatorial convection cells
  2. Convection cells expand and ______ seasonally
  3. Convection cells circulate air, moisture, and ______ around the globe
  4. the sun shines low on the _______ much of the year and little heat is available for warming the ground
  5. what develops where cells meet
  6. We call the mid-latitude and polar cells Ferrell cells and _______
  7. more vigorous near the equator than at higher latitudes because of the more intense heating from the sun
  8. Solar energy absorbed by the ground eventually re-radiates as long-wave infrared energy or?
  9. warmed air does what?

16 Clues: warmed air does what? • what develops where cells meet • air pressure at the surface is • what is the result of convection • what warm air cools it does what? • we call the equatorial convection cells • Convection cells expand and ______ seasonally • What does water do when hit with solar energy? • Where the air is sinking, or subsiding, air pressure is • ...

Epithelial Tissue 2021-11-18

Epithelial Tissue crossword puzzle
Across
  1. ________epithelium- Multiple layers of cells
  2. _________epithelium- Side view: square with large round nucleus in center, Top view: hexagonal boxes
  3. “spot welds” between cells
  4. ________epithelium- single layer of cells covering basement membrane
  5. __________junctions- Prevents passage of water and solutes between cells. Keeps stomach acids, and waste from leaking to surrounding cells.
  6. _____________secretions (called hormones) released into surrounding tissue fluid and blood
  7. __________surface is exposed to an internal or external environment
  8. __________junctions- tubular passageways between cells. This allows small molecules and ions to pass through. Found in cardiac and smooth muscle tissue where coronation is important
Down
  1. The study of tissues
  2. ____________ epithelium- Side view: thin and flat, Top view: fried eggs laid side by side
  3. _________Membrane Lies between epithelium and underlying connective tissue
  4. __________Tissue- Cover external and internal body surfaces
  5. lacks blood vessels
  6. ________epithelium- Side view: rectangular with nuclei near base, Top view: hexagonal boxes
  7. ____________secretions discharged onto surface of epithelium

15 Clues: lacks blood vessels • The study of tissues • “spot welds” between cells • ________epithelium- Multiple layers of cells • __________Tissue- Cover external and internal body surfaces • ____________secretions discharged onto surface of epithelium • __________surface is exposed to an internal or external environment • ...

Mid Year 2015-12-07

Mid Year crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The command center
  2. Nervous System The brain and spinal cord.
  3. System The control and communication system of the body.
  4. blood cells Cells that carry oxygen and some wastes to the body.
  5. System Allows the body to move blood to and from tissues
  6. A tube of neurons that runs up the spine.
  7. Disk-shaped structures that help your blood to clot.
  8. Tubes that carry blood away from the heart.
Down
  1. blood cells Cells that help destroy disease causing germs.
  2. Tiny blood vessels that connect the arteries to the veins. They deliver oxygen and nutrients to the cells.
  3. Transfusion Transferring blood form one person to another.
  4. Cells that make up the nervous system
  5. Nervous System The nerves that branch out from the CNS
  6. Tubes that carry blood to the heart.
  7. The muscle that acts as the pump for the circulatory system.

15 Clues: The command center • Tubes that carry blood to the heart. • Cells that make up the nervous system • Nervous System The brain and spinal cord. • A tube of neurons that runs up the spine. • Tubes that carry blood away from the heart. • Disk-shaped structures that help your blood to clot. • Nervous System The nerves that branch out from the CNS • ...

Cell Cycle Project By: Timmy Phillips 2023-11-17

Cell Cycle Project By: Timmy Phillips crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Chromosomes condense and are visible as sister chromatids
  2. spreading of disease from one organ to others
  3. a process that creates special structures and functions
  4. undifferentiated cells that become differentiated into one or more types of specialized cells
  5. Abnormal cells that typically remain clustered together
  6. one long continuous thread of DNA that consists of genes and information
  7. A repeated pattern of growth, that occurs in Eukaryote cells
  8. critical points where "stop" and "go" signals can regulate the cycle
Down
  1. The division of the cytoplasm into the 2 individual cells
  2. Chromatids separate, pulling each other away to become individual
  3. Spindle fibers connect to the chromosomes lined up in the middle
  4. Region of the condensed chromosomes that looks pinched
  5. Chromosomes decondense and start to look like chromatin again
  6. the growth phase of the cell cycle
  7. cancer cells that break away from the tumor and move to other parts of the body which leads to more tumors

15 Clues: the growth phase of the cell cycle • spreading of disease from one organ to others • Region of the condensed chromosomes that looks pinched • a process that creates special structures and functions • Abnormal cells that typically remain clustered together • The division of the cytoplasm into the 2 individual cells • ...

Topic 1 & 2 2024-05-21

Topic 1 & 2 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. a structure made up of a group of tissues working together to do specific functions
  2. chemical reaction that occurs in all living cells and involves transferring energy from sugar
  3. the process by which get nutrition from raw materials using light
  4. a living thing
  5. organisms increase in size and mass by increasing their number of cells
  6. a group of cells with similar structures working together to perform specific functions
  7. a structure within a cell
  8. the ability to be sensitive and respond to change in surroundings
Down
  1. production of new organisms
  2. absorb light enrgy for photosynthesis
  3. cells that contain unicellar organisms
  4. the ability to mantain their internal conditions within a narrow range
  5. system. a group of organs with related functions
  6. cells that have multicellular organisms
  7. the action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position & place
  8. long thin cells found in upper layers of leaves.contains chloroplast for photosynthesis

16 Clues: a living thing • a structure within a cell • production of new organisms • absorb light enrgy for photosynthesis • cells that contain unicellar organisms • cells that have multicellular organisms • system. a group of organs with related functions • the process by which get nutrition from raw materials using light • ...

Cellular vocabulary 2024-10-11

Cellular vocabulary crossword puzzle
Across
  1. store materials in the cell
  2. This series of flattened membranes puts the finishing touches on proteins.
  3. Network of protein filaments that organizes the internal contents of cells.
  4. A type of cells that have a nucleus, such as humans
  5. The portion of the endoplasmic reticulum involved in lipid production
  6. A term that means "tiny organ"
  7. This organelle makes proteins, it is found in all cells
Down
  1. Organelle which contains DNA in plant and animal cells
  2. A type of cells that have no nucleus, such as bacteria
  3. Made of cellulose. Found around plant cells.
  4. This organelle performs photosynthesis
  5. Small organelles filled with enzymes that break down several types of macromolecules.
  6. The portion of the endoplasmic reticulum involved in protein production
  7. This organelle releases the chemical energy stored in food.
  8. The outer border of the cell which decides what is allowed in and out.

15 Clues: store materials in the cell • A term that means "tiny organ" • This organelle performs photosynthesis • Made of cellulose. Found around plant cells. • A type of cells that have a nucleus, such as humans • Organelle which contains DNA in plant and animal cells • A type of cells that have no nucleus, such as bacteria • ...

The Hematic Hunt 2025-10-31

The Hematic Hunt crossword puzzle
Across
  1. – A large phagocytic cell that engulfs debris and dead cells.
  2. – White blood cells that release histamine during allergic reactions.
  3. – White blood cells that defend the body against infection.
  4. – The liquid portion of blood that transports nutrients and waste.
  5. – Another term for platelets; help in blood clotting.
  6. – The red pigment in RBCs that carries oxygen.
  7. – The process that stops bleeding through clot formation.
  8. – The hormone that regulates platelet production.
Down
  1. – The most abundant type of white blood cell; first responders to infection.
  2. – A test that checks donor and recipient blood compatibility before transfusion.
  3. – A kidney hormone that stimulates red blood cell production.
  4. – The clumping of red blood cells during an incompatible transfusion.
  5. – The overall process of blood cell formation from stem cells.
  6. – The process of red blood cell formation in the bone marrow.
  7. – The percentage of blood volume made up of red blood cells.

15 Clues: – The red pigment in RBCs that carries oxygen. • – The hormone that regulates platelet production. • – Another term for platelets; help in blood clotting. • – The process that stops bleeding through clot formation. • – White blood cells that defend the body against infection. • – The percentage of blood volume made up of red blood cells. • ...

crossword 2020-03-09

crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
  2. Organelles that store water and other substances required by the cell.
  3. Outer covering of a cell that provides strength and support found only in plant cells.
  4. Structures in cells that perform a certain function.
  5. Made of just one cell.
  6. Organelles that convert energy the cell receives into a form it can use.
  7. A thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.
  8. An organelle that directs all the activities in a cell.
Down
  1. A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
  2. Any change in an organism-environment.
  3. Physical characteristic or behaviour of a species that increases the species chances of survival in a particular environment.
  4. The basic unit of life.
  5. Organelles that convert sunlight into food found only in some plant cells.
  6. Made of more than one cell.
  7. A tree does this when a seed falls off.
  8. The thin structure that encloses all the contents of plant and animal cells has tiny openings that allows particles of some substances, but not others to pass through.
  9. Living things that have cells.
  10. Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

18 Clues: Made of just one cell. • The basic unit of life. • Made of more than one cell. • Living things that have cells. • Any change in an organism-environment. • A tree does this when a seed falls off. • Structures in cells that perform a certain function. • An organelle that directs all the activities in a cell. • Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. • ...

Mitosis 2022-04-07

Mitosis crossword puzzle
Across
  1. the material within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.
  2. After mitosis the cytoplasm divides to form two separate daughter cells
  3. _____ Cycle. series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
  4. _______ Cell. The new cells produced from mitosis
  5. Third Phase of Mitosis. The chromosomes are pulled apart and move to opposite sides of the cell
  6. ________ Fiber. threads from centrioles that attach to chromosomes to pull them apart during mitosis
  7. Fourth phase of Mitosis. New nuclear membranes form around the groups of chromosomes that were pulled apart to make two new nuclei.
  8. Single copy of coiled up DNA that makes one half of a chromosome.
  9. Two chromatids joined together. each side has identical DNA.
  10. How cells make new cells. Has four phases (PMAT)
  11. Section of a chromosome that contains instructions for an organisms development and trains
Down
  1. A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA
  2. Second phase of Mitosis. Chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell. The Centrioles attach spindle fibers to either side of the chromosomes
  3. structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division
  4. first phase of mitosis. The chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and go to opposite sides of the nucleus
  5. _______ Cells. Body cells; diploid (2N); do Mitosis
  6. First stage of the cell cycle when the DNA starts making copies to prepare for mitosis. (not a phase of mitosis, but is a phase of the cell cycle).
  7. DNA in its loose, uncoiled form

18 Clues: DNA in its loose, uncoiled form • A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA • How cells make new cells. Has four phases (PMAT) • _______ Cell. The new cells produced from mitosis • _______ Cells. Body cells; diploid (2N); do Mitosis • the material within a living cell, excluding the nucleus. • Two chromatids joined together. each side has identical DNA. • ...

cell components 2024-09-19

cell components crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Cytoskeletal elements that form the structural framework of the cell and provide mechanical strength
  2. Cellular extensions used by amoebas to move and engulf food via a process called phagocytosis
  3. The membrane-bound vesicle that transports proteins and lipids between cellular compartments
  4. This membrane-bound organelle contains enzymes that break down fatty acids and detoxify harmful substances
  5. Hair-like projections that can move fluid across the surface of a cell or allow for cell movement
  6. A rigid layer surrounding plant cells, composed primarily of cellulose
  7. This type of endocytosis involves the engulfing of large particles or cells
Down
  1. These long, whip-like structures help propel certain cells through liquid environments, such as sperm cells
  2. These structures help in organizing the microtubules and are important for cell division, particularly in animal cells
  3. The organelle responsible for producing ribosomal RNA and assembling ribosomes
  4. This large, membrane-bound organelle in plant cells is primarily used for storage and maintaining cell rigidity
  5. The cell’s "post office," this structure processes and packages proteins for export out of the cell
  6. The double membrane system where photosynthesis occurs in plant cells
  7. The energy currency of the cell, produced in large amounts by the mitochondria
  8. The specialized part of the cytoskeleton responsible for separating chromosomes during mitosis
  9. The smallest unit of life, capable of performing all life processes
  10. A cellular process that recycles damaged organelles through lysosomal degradation
  11. This process involves the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane

18 Clues: The smallest unit of life, capable of performing all life processes • The double membrane system where photosynthesis occurs in plant cells • A rigid layer surrounding plant cells, composed primarily of cellulose • This type of endocytosis involves the engulfing of large particles or cells • ...

Hayley Squires; n10204067 2018-08-09

Hayley Squires; n10204067 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Is the site of protein synthesis
  2. contains respiratory function of the cell and energy production
  3. A common feature between both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
  4. Difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
  5. A double helix that gives the cell 'instructions'
Down
  1. Found in all cells
  2. an extension on a neuron
  3. processes and bundles macromolecules
  4. A feature common in eukaryotic cells
  5. Common in bacteria cells
  6. Found in plant, fungi and bacterium cells
  7. contains a single strand of nucleotides

12 Clues: Found in all cells • an extension on a neuron • Common in bacteria cells • Is the site of protein synthesis • processes and bundles macromolecules • A feature common in eukaryotic cells • contains a single strand of nucleotides • Found in plant, fungi and bacterium cells • A double helix that gives the cell 'instructions' • Difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells • ...

Mid Year 2015-12-07

Mid Year crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The muscle that acts as the pump for the circulatory system.
  2. Nervous System The brain and spinal cord.
  3. Cord A tube of neurons that runs up the spine.
  4. The command center
  5. Nervous System The nerves that branch out from the CNS
  6. System Allows the body to move blood to and from tissues
  7. Disk-shaped structures that help your blood to clot.
  8. System The control and communication system of the body.
  9. Transfusion Transferring blood form one person to another.
Down
  1. blood cells Cells that help destroy disease causing germs.
  2. Tiny blood vessels that connect the arteries to the veins. They deliver oxygen and nutrients to the cells.
  3. Tubes that carry blood away from the heart.
  4. Tubes that carry blood to the heart.
  5. Cells that make up the nervous system
  6. blood cells Cells that carry oxygen and some wastes to the body.

15 Clues: The command center • Tubes that carry blood to the heart. • Cells that make up the nervous system • Nervous System The brain and spinal cord. • Tubes that carry blood away from the heart. • Cord A tube of neurons that runs up the spine. • Disk-shaped structures that help your blood to clot. • Nervous System The nerves that branch out from the CNS • ...

Mid Year 2015-12-07

Mid Year crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The command center
  2. Nervous System The brain and spinal cord.
  3. Cells that make up the nervous system
  4. Tiny blood vessels that connect the arteries to the veins. They deliver oxygen and nutrients to the cells.
  5. Transfusion Transferring blood form one person to another.
  6. Cord A tube of neurons that runs up the spine.
Down
  1. The muscle that acts as the pump for the circulatory system.
  2. blood cells Cells that help destroy disease causing germs.
  3. Disk-shaped structures that help your blood to clot.
  4. Tubes that carry blood away from the heart.
  5. System Allows the body to move blood to and from tissues
  6. System The control and communication system of the body.
  7. Nervous System The nerves that branch out from the CNS
  8. blood cells Cells that carry oxygen and some wastes to the body.
  9. Tubes that carry blood to the heart.

15 Clues: The command center • Tubes that carry blood to the heart. • Cells that make up the nervous system • Nervous System The brain and spinal cord. • Tubes that carry blood away from the heart. • Cord A tube of neurons that runs up the spine. • Disk-shaped structures that help your blood to clot. • Nervous System The nerves that branch out from the CNS • ...

The Immune System 2024-10-16

The Immune System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. artificially produced and antibody that recognises one epitope
  2. produced by the immune system in response to infection and destroy microbes
  3. trigger immune response by binding to white blood cells or antibodies
  4. consists of water, viral proteins and other substances
  5. produce class II MHC proteins
  6. gland that trains white blood cells
  7. protects the rotects body from pathogens in extracellular fluids
  8. signalling molecule that directs immune cells to fight infection and influences cell differentiation
Down
  1. white blood cells that are apart of the immune system
  2. substance that causes damage or death to cells
  3. acts immediately or within hours of pathogen's appearance in body and are non specific and target any pathogen
  4. mixture of antibodies that bind to multiple epitopes of an antigen
  5. proteins produced by lymphophytes as a result of antigen interaction
  6. slower immune response but targets the pathogen more specifically
  7. smallest infectious agent that can multiply only in living cells

15 Clues: produce class II MHC proteins • gland that trains white blood cells • substance that causes damage or death to cells • white blood cells that are apart of the immune system • consists of water, viral proteins and other substances • artificially produced and antibody that recognises one epitope • smallest infectious agent that can multiply only in living cells • ...

Body Fluid Differentials 2020-08-13

Body Fluid Differentials crossword puzzle
Across
  1. hemosiderin appears on body fluid stains as heavy __________ pigmentation
  2. nucleated RBCS and precursors and WBCs in varying developmental stages can be found in this kind of CSF contamination caused by a traumatic tap
  3. cells undergoing __________ division are not usually seen in body fluids and may be an should be noted as abnormal
  4. tumor balls seen in fluids are often very __________ in shape, and stain dark blue, often with no distinguishing between the individual cells in the clump
  5. centrifuged __________ are often large, very round, and have fine chromatin patterns with nucleoli and a high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio
  6. a monophage containing hemosiderin particles
  7. as the name suggests, synovial __________ cells are only found in synovial pockets; they resemble mesothelial cells and do not typically indicate much of anything
  8. in cytocentrifuged eos and basos, the cell's __________ may spin down to one side
  9. nucleated cell count should be done __________ cytocentrifuging a slide
  10. centrifugation can expose these nuclear structures on cells where they are not normally visible, but this does not make them abnormal or blasts
  11. buildup of this black-green pigment may be seen very rarely in the body fluids of patients with melanomas and generally indicates poor prognosis
  12. the three __________ fluids are pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal
Down
  1. multinucleate cells with an odd number of nuclei, particularly when not well-separated, are __________ and should be sent to pathology for review
  2. these types of injuries may result in a high volume of bacteria and fungal organisms in a body fluid smear
  3. whenever these round, poorly-staining and sometimes budding organisms are seen in a body fluid smear, it may be prudent to call the physician and suggest they order an antigen test if one has not already been ordered
  4. spun lymphocytes may have __________-shaped nuclei
  5. whenever these small microorganisms are present, they should be noted and it may be prudent to call the physician and suggest a culture if one is not already ordered
  6. these cells are larger, with a very round nucleus and pronounced dark cytoplasm, and are only found in serous fluids
  7. monocytes seen in body fluids have a __________ appearance because of their ability to turn into macrophages
  8. when a body fluid is overwhelmingly neutrophils, this is an indicator of __________
  9. a macrophage containing lipid particles
  10. on a Wright stain, bacteria always appear gram __________
  11. these large, multi-nucleated cells produce CSF and may be present in CSF smears of patients with hydrocephalus or chronic ventricular infection
  12. these cells can appear in body fluids and may look similar to lymphocytes, but have a dark blue cytoplasm with an obvious clearing near the nucleus
  13. cytocentrifuged neutrophils may have __________ nucleus segmentation
  14. a macrophage containing red blood cells
  15. this disease appears on body fluid stains (especially CSF) as banana-shaped organisms and ovoid cell inclusions with lavendar cytoplasm and clustered red granules
  16. like macrophages, mesothelial cells may be __________

28 Clues: a macrophage containing lipid particles • a macrophage containing red blood cells • a monophage containing hemosiderin particles • spun lymphocytes may have __________-shaped nuclei • like macrophages, mesothelial cells may be __________ • on a Wright stain, bacteria always appear gram __________ • cytocentrifuged neutrophils may have __________ nucleus segmentation • ...

Immunology 2015-02-10

Immunology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. macrophages found in the connective tissue
  2. a process in which children are infected with material from smallpox scab to induce immunity
  3. primary site of haematopoiesis until birth
  4. antigens and antibody mixed in the proper proportion from large complexes called “precipitates”
  5. further differentiates into committed progenitor cells
  6. are materials prepared in animals or non-human sources
  7. a procedure designed to increase concentrations of antibodies and/or effector T cells which are reactive against infection
  8. uses pathogens with reduced virulence
  9. developed a vaccine against Pasteurella multocida
  10. no immunological memory witout T helper cells
  11. cells that express high levels of MHCII
  12. macropaheges found in the liver
  13. starts as monocytes in the blood and becomes macrophage in the tissues
  14. system of storage and transport of vaccines at low temperature from the manufacturer to the actual vaccination site
  15. regulation of antigen-antibody complex to immune response
  16. only live vaccine
  17. membrane marker protein for neutrophils
  18. conferred by an antibody produced in another host
  19. member marker protein for macrophages
  20. includes IgD, IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE
  21. immunizing agent; also called serum in historical references
  22. performed during an active infection intending to cure the infection
  23. cells that are responsible for burst release of preformed cytokines, chemokines, and histamines
  24. non-phagocytic cells
Down
  1. study of body fluids
  2. where viruses are cultured
  3. formation and development of WBC and RBC from stem cells
  4. resistance developed in response to stimulus by an antigen and is characterized by the production of antibodies by the host
  5. organisms are killed or inactivated by heat or chemicals but remain antigenic
  6. produced in the bone marrow but matures in the Thymus
  7. requires multiple doses because they possess few antigenic determinants
  8. the ability of the immune system to control and regulate its own responses
  9. immediate protection against recent infection of ongoing disease
  10. macrophages found in the brain
  11. a category of immune testing that looks for antibodies that have formed against antigens
  12. cells that are first to arrive at the site of inflammation
  13. immunization procedure
  14. may be recognized as "foreign" in an individual, but they are usually present in quantities too low to induce self-tolerance
  15. progenitor cells; differentiates into the different cell types
  16. macrophages found in the lungs
  17. a category of immune testing that looks for presence of antigens
  18. administration of antigens from several pathogens
  19. induction of adaptive immune response, with protection and memory
  20. performed before exposure to an infectious agent or soon after exposure in certain cases
  21. has a bilobed nucleus
  22. macrophages found in the kidney
  23. most heat sensitive vaccine
  24. discovered the process of vaccination
  25. locomotion is by amoeboid movement
  26. cells that lack specificity and memory. Also known as NK cells
  27. produced in the bone marrow but matures in the Bursa of Fabraceous

51 Clues: only live vaccine • study of body fluids • non-phagocytic cells • has a bilobed nucleus • immunization procedure • where viruses are cultured • most heat sensitive vaccine • macrophages found in the brain • macrophages found in the lungs • macropaheges found in the liver • macrophages found in the kidney • locomotion is by amoeboid movement • includes IgD, IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE • ...

Unit 4 Biology Vocabulary 2023-10-24

Unit 4 Biology Vocabulary crossword puzzle
Across
  1. fundamental concept of biology that states that all living things are composed of cells; that cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things; and that new cells are produced from existing cells
  2. flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings
  3. network of protein filaments in a eukaryotic cell that gives the cell its shape and internal organization and is involved in movement
  4. group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions
  5. internal membrane system found in eukaryotic cells; place where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled
  6. when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes
  7. cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
  8. water channel protein in a cell
  9. group of similar cells that perform a particular function
  10. thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
  11. process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
  12. specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
  13. organelle in cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell
Down
  1. diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
  2. fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus
  3. pressure that must be applied to prevent osmotic movement across a selectively permeable membrane
  4. group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
  5. property of biological membranes that allows some substances to pass across it while others cannot; also called semipermeable membrane
  6. unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus
  7. strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells
  8. organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
  9. when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
  10. process by which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
  11. relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain
  12. basic unit of all forms of life
  13. on or in a cell, a specific protein to whose shape fits that of a specific molecular messenger, such as a hormone
  14. when the concentration of two solutions is the same
  15. cell organelle consisting of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell; the site of protein synthesis
  16. cell organelle that breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell
  17. organism whose cells contain a nucleus
  18. cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use

31 Clues: basic unit of all forms of life • water channel protein in a cell • organism whose cells contain a nucleus • unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus • fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus • when the concentration of two solutions is the same • group of similar cells that perform a particular function • ...

I Hate Crosswords - WilliamFrazier 2024-01-23

I Hate Crosswords - WilliamFrazier crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life; they are able to replicate independently.
  2. Much more complex types of cells (containing a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, and organelles) found in protists, fungi, animals and plants.
  3. The cell’s powerhouse, releasing energy in food by carrying out a reaction with oxygen.
  4. Cells found in animals.
  5. Moving things inside and outside of the cell membrane.
  6. The cell’s “control center”, housing the cell’s chromosomes.
  7. A small structure found inside the nucleus that makes ribosomes and transports them to the cytoplasm.
  8. The cell’s packaging, sorting, and distributing organelle. They sort proteins from the Endoplasmic Reticulum and then distribute them to where they need to go.
  9. Organism that is composed of many cells, and many different types of cells that perform different tasks throughout the organism.
  10. In plant cells only, they are organelles that produce food. Chlorophyll is a green pigment that makes plants look green and also uses energy from the sun to change water and carbon dioxide into glucose, a simple sugar.
  11. Protein-making factories in a cell.
  12. The movement of things in and out of the cell without the use of energy.
Down
  1. The cell’s transport organelle, processing and moving materials throughout the cell.
  2. A protective double membrane surrounding the nucleus that controls the flow of materials in and out of the nucleus.
  3. The parts of a cell. They process and release energy, destroy and digest materials, and replicate genetic information.
  4. All organisms are made of cells (one or more); The cell is the basic building block of life (in structure and function); Every cell comes from another existing cell (cells divide to form new cells)
  5. Plants, algae, fungi and some bacteria have an extra computer layer that is very rigid and tough, that helps protect the cell and give it shape.
  6. Organelle that contains digestive chemicals that break down food, cell waste, and foreign particles that enter the cell (i.e. viruses and bacteria). It digests and destroys dead cells and old cell parts and recycles material to make other cells.
  7. Temporary storage bubbles for the cell, storing food, water, or waste.
  8. Very simple, single-celled bacteria that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or organelles.
  9. In every cell, there is a layer on the outside of the cell that holds the cell together, and controls the flow of material in and out of the cell (a semi-permeable layer, allowing some stuff through and keeping other things out).
  10. Organisms that exist that are composed of a single cell (bacteria, yeast, protozoa, and diatoms).
  11. Cells found in plants (with a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large, central vacuole for storage that takes up a lot of space).
  12. Jelly-like substance in the cell containing all the organelles in the cell. It helps to maintain the structure of the cell.

24 Clues: Cells found in animals. • Protein-making factories in a cell. • Moving things inside and outside of the cell membrane. • The cell’s “control center”, housing the cell’s chromosomes. • Temporary storage bubbles for the cell, storing food, water, or waste. • The movement of things in and out of the cell without the use of energy. • ...

cistian 2024-01-23

cistian crossword puzzle
Across
  1. A small structure found inside the nucleus that makes ribosomes and transports them to the cytoplasm.
  2. Very simple, single-celled bacteria that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or organelles.
  3. Jelly-like substance in the cell containing all the organelles in the cell. It helps to maintain the structure of the cell.
  4. Organism that is composed of many cells, and many different types of cells that perform different tasks throughout the organism.
  5. In every cell, there is a layer on the outside of the cell that holds the cell together, and controls the flow of material in and out of the cell (a semi-permeable layer, allowing some stuff through and keeping other things out).
  6. The cell’s “control center”, housing the cell’s chromosomes.
  7. The basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life; they are able to replicate independently.
  8. The parts of a cell. They process and release energy, destroy and digest materials, and replicate genetic information.
  9. The cell’s transport organelle, processing and moving materials throughout the cell.
  10. The cell’s packaging, sorting, and distributing organelle. They sort proteins from the Endoplasmic Reticulum and then distribute them to where they need to go.
  11. The cell’s powerhouse, releasing energy in food by carrying out a reaction with oxygen.
  12. Much more complex types of cells (containing a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, and organelles) found in protists, fungi, animals and plants.
  13. Cells found in plants (with a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large, central vacuole for storage that takes up a lot of space).
Down
  1. Protein-making factories in a cell.
  2. Organelle that contains digestive chemicals that break down food, cell waste, and foreign particles that enter the cell (i.e. viruses and bacteria). It digests and destroys dead cells and old cell parts and recycles material to make other cells.
  3. In plant cells only, they are organelles that produce food. Chlorophyll is a green pigment that makes plants look green and also uses energy from the sun to change water and carbon dioxide into glucose, a simple sugar.
  4. The movement of things in and out of the cell without the use of energy.
  5. Plants, algae, fungi and some bacteria have an extra computer layer that is very rigid and tough, that helps protect the cell and give it shape.
  6. A protective double membrane surrounding the nucleus that controls the flow of materials in and out of the nucleus.
  7. Moving things inside and outside of the cell membrane.
  8. All organisms are made of cells (one or more) The cell is the basic building block of life (in structure and function);Every cell comes from another existing cell (cells divide to form new cells)
  9. Organisms that exist that are composed of a single cell (bacteria, yeast, protozoa, and diatoms).
  10. Temporary storage bubbles for the cell, storing food, water, or waste.
  11. Cells found in animals.

24 Clues: Cells found in animals. • Protein-making factories in a cell. • Moving things inside and outside of the cell membrane. • The cell’s “control center”, housing the cell’s chromosomes. • Temporary storage bubbles for the cell, storing food, water, or waste. • The movement of things in and out of the cell without the use of energy. • ...

CROSSWORD 2025-11-24

CROSSWORD crossword puzzle
Across
  1. increases ESR because it causes heavier specific gravity
  2. interfering factor that falsely elevates the MCH
  3. changes in shape
  4. elongated or slit-like area of central pallor
  5. counted to assess erythropoietic activity of the bone marrow
  6. problem of not having enough healthy red blood cells
  7. currently used for research
  8. red cells are deeply stained to abnormal thickness of cells
  9. effect, ability of hemoglobin to bind or release oxygen
  10. liquid on top after centrifugation
  11. hemoglobinopathy where valine replaces glutamic acid
  12. organelles where 4 steps of heme synthesis occur
  13. red cells appear pale
  14. A, normal adult hemoglobin
  15. azure blue, most expensive supravital stain
  16. RBCs lacking central pallor
  17. measures the rate of fall of RBCs
  18. problem with alpha or beta globin chains
  19. formed by the irreversible oxidation of Hb of certain drugs/chemicals
  20. cells, sea urchin cells
  21. normal-sized RBCs
  22. H, "golf ball"
  23. Landsberg, macromethod used for ESR that uses non-disposable equipment
  24. Oxide, regulator vascular tone
  25. quickest method for Hb determination
  26. average volume of a red cell
  27. cells, cell with eccentric vacuoles due to plucked out Heinz body
  28. actual number of reticulocytes in 1 liter of whole blood
  29. reagent used in cyanmethemoglobin method
  30. degree of anisocytosis
  31. vitamin b-12 deficiency
  32. erythrocytes with normal amount of hemoglobin
  33. increased concentration of this intrinsic plasma factor causes rouleaux formation
Down
  1. condition where red cells vary in size
  2. , Iron-bearing protein
  3. cells in a teardrop/pear shape
  4. Test, should be performed together with ESR
  5. stack of coins
  6. best fixative
  7. monoxide, silent killer
  8. small dense RBC with few irregularly shaped projections
  9. irregulary/contracted/fragmented cell
  10. C Crystals, rod-shaped or hexagonal crystals with blunt ends
  11. used in specimen with a low Hct
  12. normal cell with a biconcave disc
  13. initial period/phase of aggregation
  14. final phase for the rate of settling
  15. this intrinsic red cell factor quickens the rate of fall
  16. hemoglobin in its ferric state
  17. settling, longest phase for settling
  18. measures plasma hemoglobin
  19. increased Hb level found in polycythemia
  20. Hb, free Hb
  21. lysing RBCs by mixing with a hypotonic solution
  22. small RBCs
  23. binding of carbon monoxide to heme iron
  24. the method used in ESR that is being performed in hospitals and with dilution
  25. cells with bull's eye appearance
  26. volume of packed RBCs that occupies a given volume of blood
  27. hemoglobin form found in newborns
  28. increased concentration of this intrinsic plasma factor increases ESR
  29. measures the average concentration of Hb
  30. expresses the volume occupied by a single erythrocyte and measures in cubic micrometers
  31. high concentration of this interfering factor also falsely elevates the MCH
  32. most common and treatable type of anemia
  33. Cells, "Pocket book cell"
  34. amino acid that replaces glutamic acid in Hb C
  35. primary deficiency defect

68 Clues: small RBCs • best fixative • stack of coins • changes in shape • normal-sized RBCs • Hb, free Hb • red cells appear pale • , Iron-bearing protein • degree of anisocytosis • monoxide, silent killer • cells, sea urchin cells • vitamin b-12 deficiency • Cells, "Pocket book cell" • primary deficiency defect • measures plasma hemoglobin • A, normal adult hemoglobin • ...

Types of White Blood Cells 2023-02-27

Types of White Blood Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. this cell has two different forms
  2. what does the Eosinophils cells fight specifically
  3. what form of Lymphocytes cells work with antibodies
  4. this cell is the most abundant
  5. this cell mainly works with asthma
  6. Basophils cells release this along with other chemicals
Down
  1. what form of Lymphocytes cells kill foreign invaders
  2. this cell works with dead cells
  3. what type of cells do the Monocytes remove
  4. what does the Neutrophils cells release to notify the other cells
  5. this cell alerts allergy symptoms

11 Clues: this cell is the most abundant • this cell works with dead cells • this cell has two different forms • this cell alerts allergy symptoms • this cell mainly works with asthma • what type of cells do the Monocytes remove • what does the Eosinophils cells fight specifically • what form of Lymphocytes cells work with antibodies • ...

biology 2023-11-02

biology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Cells are the most ___ unit of life.
  2. What is the theory about cells?
  3. This cell "type" has no nucleus.
  4. All cells come from ____________ cells. (Part of the Cell Theory)
  5. One cell
  6. What is a membrane-bound organelle that is found in a eukaryote?
Down
  1. Many cells *Hint: Multi
  2. What flows with cells? *Hint: part of the cell theory
  3. This cell "type" is complex?
  4. A ____-___ bound organelle can be found in eukaryotic cells.
  5. All living things are made of ____.
  6. _____ flows with cells

12 Clues: One cell • _____ flows with cells • Many cells *Hint: Multi • This cell "type" is complex? • What is the theory about cells? • This cell "type" has no nucleus. • All living things are made of ____. • Cells are the most ___ unit of life. • What flows with cells? *Hint: part of the cell theory • A ____-___ bound organelle can be found in eukaryotic cells. • ...

Connective Tissue Proper 2022-02-03

Connective Tissue Proper crossword puzzle
Across
  1. stem cells = replaces other cells
  2. cells that secrete antibodies to fight infection
  3. synthesize and store the brown pigment melanin
  4. most common fibrous protein in the human body
  5. produces collagen
  6. strong and flexible; sheath around organs
Down
  1. smaller amoeba-like phagocytic blood cells
  2. another name for white blood cells
  3. fat cells
  4. Return to original length after stretching; example would be skin, lung tissue, arteries
  5. stimulate inflammation after injury or infection
  6. a chain of proteins

12 Clues: fat cells • produces collagen • a chain of proteins • stem cells = replaces other cells • another name for white blood cells • strong and flexible; sheath around organs • smaller amoeba-like phagocytic blood cells • most common fibrous protein in the human body • synthesize and store the brown pigment melanin • cells that secrete antibodies to fight infection • ...

Cancer stages cross word 2022-12-01

Cancer stages cross word crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Uses drugs to remove cancer
  2. grow uncontrolled
  3. stage of cancer where is hasn't spread to other tissue
  4. when cancer cells break off from the tumor and enter your blood stream spreading throughout your body.
  5. Cancer cells prevent healthly blood cells
Down
  1. as much cancer cells as possible
  2. stage where the cancer has spread to other organs
  3. The stage where the cells have grown but not spread
  4. therapy, treatment with doses of radiation to kill cancer cells
  5. Blood cancer
  6. The stage where is spreads to other issues
  7. swelling due to abnormal tissue growth

12 Clues: Blood cancer • grow uncontrolled • Uses drugs to remove cancer • as much cancer cells as possible • swelling due to abnormal tissue growth • Cancer cells prevent healthly blood cells • The stage where is spreads to other issues • stage where the cancer has spread to other organs • The stage where the cells have grown but not spread • ...

Cell Review 2021-09-21

Cell Review crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Stores DNA and is called the "Control Center: of the cell
  2. Makes energy for the cell
  3. Stores water. Found ONLY ion plant cells
  4. Modifies, packages, and sorts proteins. Acts like a post office
  5. Transports proteins. Acts like a highway
Down
  1. Makes proteins
  2. Jelly-like substance found inside ALL cells
  3. Cells that DO NOT have a nucleus. Example: Bacteria
  4. Regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Found in ALL cells.
  5. Cells containing a nucleus. Examples: Plants and Animals
  6. Extra protective layer on the outside. Found in plant cells
  7. Coverts sunlight into food. Found ONLY in plant cells

12 Clues: Makes proteins • Makes energy for the cell • Stores water. Found ONLY ion plant cells • Transports proteins. Acts like a highway • Jelly-like substance found inside ALL cells • Cells that DO NOT have a nucleus. Example: Bacteria • Coverts sunlight into food. Found ONLY in plant cells • Cells containing a nucleus. Examples: Plants and Animals • ...

5 LIVING THINGS KINGDOMS 2019-12-02

5 LIVING THINGS KINGDOMS crossword puzzle
Across
  1. HETEROTROPHIC LIVING ORGANISMS THAT FEED ON THE REMAINS OF LIVING ORGANISMS.
  2. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION OF PLANTS.
  3. THROUGH THIS FUNCTION, CELLS OBTAIN AND USE NUTRIENTS.
  4. CELLS THAT OBTAIN NUTRIENT FROM OTHER LIVING THINGS
  5. AUTOTROPHIC ORGANISM. THEY PRODUCE THEIR OWN NUTRIENTS.
  6. CELLS THAT MAKE THEIR OWN FOOD
  7. THEY CAN BE UNICELLULAR OR MULTICELLULAR; THEY BELONG TO THE PROTISTA KINGDOM AND THEY CAN PERFORM PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
  8. BATERIA BELONGS TO THIS KINGDOM
Down
  1. MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS THAT WE CAN EAT IN PIZZAS.
  2. THEY ARE UNICELLULAR, HETEROTROPHIC ORGANISM. THEY MAY CAUSE DESEASES, LIKE MALARIA.
  3. ORGANISM THAT IS MADE UP OF AN AMOUNT OF CELLS.
  4. TYPE OF FUNGI THAT IS UNICELLULAR AND FEED ON SUGAR OF VERY RIPE FRUIT.
  5. PROTOZOA AND ALGAE BELONG TO THIS KINGDOM
  6. CELLS REACT TO INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CHANGES.
  7. ORGANISM MADE UP OF ONE CELL.
  8. PLANTS RELEASE ____ DURING PHOTOSYNTHESIS
  9. THE SMALLEST LIVING PARTS OF LIVING ORGANISM.

17 Clues: ORGANISM MADE UP OF ONE CELL. • SEXUAL REPRODUCTION OF PLANTS. • CELLS THAT MAKE THEIR OWN FOOD • BATERIA BELONGS TO THIS KINGDOM • PROTOZOA AND ALGAE BELONG TO THIS KINGDOM • PLANTS RELEASE ____ DURING PHOTOSYNTHESIS • CELLS REACT TO INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CHANGES. • THE SMALLEST LIVING PARTS OF LIVING ORGANISM. • ORGANISM THAT IS MADE UP OF AN AMOUNT OF CELLS. • ...

living things 2021-09-07

living things crossword puzzle
Across
  1. protective,flexible barrier that controls what goes in and out of the cell
  2. the parts in a organism
  3. contains information that is in living cells that determines certain traits
  4. describes the basic characteristics of all cells
  5. structures within the cell that have special functions to keep the cell working
  6. an organlle found in plant and algae cells
  7. the control center also known as the brain
Down
  1. one of the structures found in the nucleus
  2. gel-liquid inside the cell
  3. the smallest functional unit of all living things
  4. provides energy for the cell also known as the "powerhouse"
  5. a fluid filled vesicle that contains food,water,and water
  6. the special,thing that a organ does
  7. a system of ideas that explains observations
  8. the structure that surrounds the cell membrane only in plant cells
  9. cells with a nucleus
  10. has no nucleus

17 Clues: has no nucleus • cells with a nucleus • the parts in a organism • gel-liquid inside the cell • the special,thing that a organ does • one of the structures found in the nucleus • an organlle found in plant and algae cells • the control center also known as the brain • a system of ideas that explains observations • describes the basic characteristics of all cells • ...

C2S: L10 - Function of White Blood Cells 2013-04-12

C2S: L10 - Function of White Blood Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Complement proteins can form a Membrane Attack Complex to punch holes in invading bacterial cells' membranes. The abbreviation of this is ____.
  2. Neutophils form the first line of defense in a microbial infection, and can be readily identified by their multi-lobed _______.
  3. PRRs and ______s (Abb.) are part of innate immunity.
  4. Fill in the cellular evolution flow chart: Stem cell -> __________ -> monocyte (in blood) -> Macrophage (tissues)
  5. There are 3 sub-sets of T-cell lymphocytes: CD8 cytotoxic cells, TCR cells, and ___ helper cells.
  6. PAMPs is an abbreviation for _________-__________ molecules, and are bound to by PRRs, which are expressed by macrophage, dedritic cells, granulytes, endothelial cells, and mucosal epithelial cells.
  7. __________ proteins have many direct and indirect immune functions, and three of these are: to set off a cascade to cleave enzymes to make more __________ proteins; increase cell membrane permeability; and bind to a pathogenic organism to signal WBCs to attack.
  8. Eosinophils have two primary functions: Responding to parasitic infection; and regulating allergic and acute ___________ processes.
  9. Mast cell degranulation in the blood vessels will increase epithelial ____________ and blood flow, which increases fluid in the tissues and flow toward the lymph system.
  10. B-cell lymphocytes are responsible for initiating Cell Mediated ________. This response includes, but is not limited to the activation of macrophage and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
  11. When a sheep cuts its leg, dendritic cells signal for the release of a family of peptides called _________. These _________ stimulate the release of neutrophils, and increase the blood flow and permeability of the blood vessels at the injury site. This allows WBCs to pass through the blood vessel epithelium to aid in the defense of the body.
  12. Molecular recognition of microorganism is part of ________ _________ (2 words).
  13. Nitric Oxide is an example of a ___ (Abb.), which is released into phagosomes that contain microorganisms inside macrophage.
  14. Mast cells degranulate locally during an infection and attract _________, which have a short life span of 6-12 hours in blood, and 2-3 days in tissues. ______ have lobulated nucleus and may be spherical, ovular, or ellipsoidal in shape.
  15. PAMPs are unique __________ molecules shared by groups of related microbes, which are NOT found on mammalian cells.
  16. When Mast cells are activated in the _________, there is a decrease in the diameter of the _______ and increased mucous secretion.
  17. Natural Killer Cells destroy mammalian cells that are infected with a ______.
  18. _-____ lymphocytes differentiate in the thymus.
  19. Reaching maturity after leaving the blood stream, ________ become macrophages. ________ have a life span of 20-40 hours in the blood.
  20. Containing course cytoplasmic granules, ________ are rarely seen in blood samples from sheep (with Wayne offering a bottle of wine to anyone who can find one during his prac). _________ play a major role in allergic/inflammatory reactions and contain IgE surface receptors. They also contain histamine, heparin, serotonin and hydrolytic enzymes among other things.
  21. Through ____s (Abb.) microbes are detected by binding to Pathogen-associated molecules.
Down
  1. Monocytes are precursors for _________.
  2. WBCs are also known as _________.
  3. Macrophage are highly ____________, and will consume invading pathogens and other substances.
  4. Deficiency of ___________ will lead to death within a day (Hint: Immune cell with granules).
  5. T and B cell lymphocytes are two examples of lymphocyte morphology. ________ ________ (2 words) cells are another, and are large cytotoxic cells. (Hint: If Chuck Norris was a cell, this is what he would be.)
  6. The role of _________ _________ (2 words) are to activate Mast Cells, attract phagocytes, opsonisation of microorganisms, and for MACs to lyse microorganisms' membranes.
  7. Cytokines may be released on a ________ level to increase body temperature via the brain. This basic response to infection aims to inhibit non-mammalian enzymes.
  8. Also known at free radicals, ____(Abb.) are released into phagosomes that contain microorganisms inside macrophage.
  9. _-____ lymphocytes differentiate in the bone marrow.
  10. Elevated numbers of neutrophil in the blood is indicative of a __________ infection.
  11. Fill in the following evolution of WBC: Stem cell -> monoblast -> monocyte (in blood) -> _________ cell (tissues)
  12. __________ can live for 4 to 10 hours in the blood, 1-2 days in tissues, and have both phagocytic and granule secretion capabilities. ___________ granules may include peroxidase, lysozyme, and hydrolytic enzymes.
  13. What is a type of cytockine that can stimulate the neighbours of cells infected by a virus to produce antiviral compounds?
  14. Other than phagocytosis, macrophage play a massive role in presenting ________ on their surface to stimulate the immune system.
  15. PRRs binding to PAMPs results in the _________ of the innate immune system.
  16. The innate immune system has a limited repertoire, as it can only recogonise 10^3 __________ patterns of invading microbes.
  17. When activated in the gastrointestinal tract, _______ cells will increase fluid secretion and peristalis to expel the GIT contents (vomiting and diarrhea).

38 Clues: WBCs are also known as _________. • Monocytes are precursors for _________. • _-____ lymphocytes differentiate in the thymus. • PRRs and ______s (Abb.) are part of innate immunity. • _-____ lymphocytes differentiate in the bone marrow. • PRRs binding to PAMPs results in the _________ of the innate immune system. • ...

Ariel Clincy, 1/8/25, BIO 311B, Chapter 5 Vocab Crossword Puzzle 2025-01-08

Ariel Clincy, 1/8/25, BIO 311B, Chapter 5 Vocab Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the need for energy.
  2. Transport compounds around the cell and helps maintain the cell’s shape; processes fats and breaks down toxic substances in liver cells.
  3. A non-pigmented cellular organelle found in plant cells whose functions include strong scratches, lipids, and proteins.
  4. The cellular organelle that processes and packages proteins in preparation for secreting them from a cell.
  5. One of the fundamental models of biology that states that cells are the smallest form of life, come from preexisting cells, are the basic building block of all life forms, and carry out life processes to maintain homeostasis.
  6. A cellular organelle found in plant cells that contains the pigment chlorophyll and is the site where photosynthesis takes place.
  7. The plant-like organism in kingdom Chromista, such as algae.
  8. Structures found within the cytoplasm of cells that perform the various functions cells need to stay alive.
  9. The structure within cells that helps define their shape, maintains internal organization, and aids in division and movement.
  10. A cellular signaling mechanism in which the product of a particular process enhances the process itself.
  11. Extension of the cytoskeleton; often covers an entire cell or a portion of a cell; shooter than flagella; propel the cell through its environment; move particles pas the cell, such as moving mucus out of the lungs, into the throat, and down to the stomach.
  12. The two layers of phospholipids that make up the cell membrane.
  13. An organelle in plant cells that holds materials and helps maintain the cell’s shape through turgor pressure.
  14. A stack of disk-shaped thylakoids within a chloroplast.
  15. A group of two or more organs working together to perform a particular function.
  16. A cellular organelle that contains digestive enzymes.
  17. A type of passive transport in which substances can move across a cell membrane through special protein channels embedded in the membrane.
  18. The cellular organelle in which aerobic respiration takes place to release energy from food.
  19. The movement of substances across a cell membrane from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration by any means that requires the use of energy.
  20. The diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane.
  21. An organism consisting of two or more cells and whose cells may not live independently apart from the organism.
  22. A spherical structure within a eukaryotic cell’s nucleus where ribosomes are manufactured.
Down
  1. (1) The membrane-bound region of a eukaryotic cell that contains the genetic material. (2) The central portion of an atom where protons and neutrons are located.
  2. The internal balance within the systems of living organisms that must be kept stable in order to maintain life. Processes that maintain homeostasis include getting nutrition, expelling wastes, and responding to the environment.
  3. A thin layer of phospholipids and proteins that defines the boundary of a cell.
  4. A structure made of two or more tissues that work together to perform a particular function.
  5. Describes cells lacking a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
  6. Describes a solution whose solute concentration is less than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell.
  7. (1) Individual organism of the same species living closely together. (2) A group of cells that live and work together. Unlike in a multicellular organism, cells in a colony may break away and survive on their own.
  8. Transport compounds around the cell and helps maintain the cell’s shape; processes fats and breaks down toxic substances in liver cells.
  9. Describes a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration of cytoplasm in a cell.
  10. Describes a solution whose solute concentration is greater than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell.
  11. A cellular organelle that functions in the organization of microtubules.
  12. The non-membrane-bound region in prokaryotic cell that contains most of the genetic material.
  13. An organism consisting of only one cell.
  14. A whip-like cellular organelle similar in structure to a cilium but longer and used primarily for movement in many bacteria.
  15. A protective coating found outside the cell walls of many bacteria.
  16. The cellular organelle that directs the protein building process.
  17. A cellular signaling mechanism in which the product of a particular process inhibits the process itself.
  18. Describes cells having a true nucleus as well as membrane-bound organelles.
  19. A group of cells that are specialized to perform a particular function.
  20. The pressure exerted by water in a full central vacuole upon the cytoplasm and cell membrane o f plant cell; maintain plant rigidity.
  21. A thick fluid inside cells that contain the organelles. Also called the cytosol.
  22. Wall A rigid structure made by cells of plants, fungi, and most bacteria to surround the cell membrane.

44 Clues: An organism consisting of only one cell. • A cellular organelle that contains digestive enzymes. • A stack of disk-shaped thylakoids within a chloroplast. • The plant-like organism in kingdom Chromista, such as algae. • The two layers of phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. • The cellular organelle that directs the protein building process. • ...

Sources and Sinks 2021-12-03

Sources and Sinks crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Where the air is sinking, or subsiding, air pressure is
  2. Convection cells circulate air, moisture, and ______ around the globe
  3. more vigorous near the equator than at higher latitudes because of the more intense heating from the sun
  4. Solar energy absorbed by the ground eventually re-radiates as long-wave infrared energy or?
  5. air pressure at the surface is
  6. We call the mid-latitude and polar cells Ferrell cells and _______
  7. what is the result of convection
  8. What does water do when hit with solar energy?
Down
  1. the sun shines low on the _______ much of the year and little heat is available for warming the ground
  2. we call the equatorial convection cells
  3. heating Near the equator, the sun shines straight overhead, and ________ is intense.
  4. Convection cells expand and ______ seasonally
  5. passes all the way through our atmosphere is absorbed either by the ground surface or by water
  6. what warm air cools it does what?
  7. what develops where cells meet
  8. warmed air does what?

16 Clues: warmed air does what? • what develops where cells meet • air pressure at the surface is • what is the result of convection • what warm air cools it does what? • we call the equatorial convection cells • Convection cells expand and ______ seasonally • What does water do when hit with solar energy? • Where the air is sinking, or subsiding, air pressure is • ...

Chapter 4 Crossword 2013-11-20

Chapter 4 Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Does cytokinesis occur in plant or animal cells?
  2. The gas product of photosynthesis
  3. An energy-releasing process that doesn't require oxygen
  4. Two types of fermentation
  5. The process in which cells obtain energy from glucose by breaking down food molecules
  6. Carbohydrates that are used by the plant cells to carry out important functions
  7. The stage in the cell cycle in which the cell's nucleus divides in two
Down
  1. The first stage of the cell cycle
  2. The process in which cells change in structure and become capable of carrying out certain functions
  3. A cat is an example of a ...
  4. dioxide The gas product of respiration that plants use as a raw material for photosynthesis
  5. Cells that respond to certain needs in the body by becoming specialized
  6. Condensed chromatin that plays a large role in cell division
  7. Organelles in plant cells that capture the sun's energy
  8. Pairs with Adenine

15 Clues: Pairs with Adenine • Two types of fermentation • A cat is an example of a ... • The first stage of the cell cycle • The gas product of photosynthesis • Does cytokinesis occur in plant or animal cells? • An energy-releasing process that doesn't require oxygen • Organelles in plant cells that capture the sun's energy • ...

The Immune System - JG, DW, EG, EH, RF 2023-10-16

The Immune System - JG, DW, EG, EH, RF crossword puzzle
Across
  1. What blood cells respond to chemicals released by pathogens and cells during infection?
  2. What is the name given to pathogens and other “non‐self molecules”?
  3. When B cell receptors react directly with antigens in blood it gives rise to?
  4. "Killer T cells"
  5. Second exposure of the antigen stimulates which cell?
  6. B cells are stimulated by?
  7. What is the name given to the antibodies that bind to the multiple epitopes of an antigen?
  8. What is the most abundant antibody in primary and secondary immune responses?
  9. How many days does it take for the antibody to become an antigen?
Down
  1. What is the name of the antigen presenting cell in the mammalian immune system?
  2. What do plasma cells produce?
  3. What cytolytic protein does the cytotoxic T cell release?
  4. Activation of compliment leads to cell...?
  5. Cell mediated immune response defends against which pathogens and cancer?
  6. What is another term used for white blood cells?

15 Clues: "Killer T cells" • B cells are stimulated by? • What do plasma cells produce? • Activation of compliment leads to cell...? • What is another term used for white blood cells? • Second exposure of the antigen stimulates which cell? • What cytolytic protein does the cytotoxic T cell release? • How many days does it take for the antibody to become an antigen? • ...

Epithelial Tissues of Oral Cavity 2025-11-10

Epithelial Tissues of Oral Cavity crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Cell structures that anchor epithelial cells together.
  2. The muscular back part of the roof of the mouth.
  3. Connections between epithelial cells allowing communication.
  4. Epithelium without keratin; found in soft palate, inner cheeks, and floor of the mouth.
  5. The bony front part of the roof of the mouth.
  6. Small projections on the tongue surface, some containing taste buds.
  7. Time required for epithelial cells to be replaced.
  8. Multi-layered epithelium with flat cells; protects against abrasion.
  9. The mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth.
  10. The gum tissue surrounding the teeth.
Down
  1. Moist tissue lining body cavities, including the oral cavity.
  2. The deepest layer of epithelial cells where cell division occurs.
  3. Epithelium with a surface layer of dead cells containing keratin; found in hard palate and gingiva.
  4. Connective tissue layer beneath the epithelium.
  5. Tissue forming the outer layer of body surfaces and lining cavities.

15 Clues: The gum tissue surrounding the teeth. • The bony front part of the roof of the mouth. • Connective tissue layer beneath the epithelium. • The muscular back part of the roof of the mouth. • Time required for epithelial cells to be replaced. • The mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth. • Cell structures that anchor epithelial cells together. • ...

Oncology 2024-08-22

Oncology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. A reduction in the number of leukocytes in the blood to 5000 or less
  2. New abnormal tissue growth, as in a tumor
  3. Destructive to cells
  4. pain Sharp, severe onset pain
  5. An abnormal growth of cells or tissues: tumor may be benign or malignant
  6. A malignant growth made up of epithelial cells
  7. growing , resisting treatment
  8. Movement of bacteria or body cells from one part of the body to another
  9. Pain Pain of a long duration showing little change
Down
  1. Pain Hard to mange pain
  2. low level of neutrophils in the blood
  3. Any of a group of opiate- like peptides naturally produced by the body
  4. Abnormal decrease in the number of blood platelets
  5. That which assists, such as a drug added to a prescription that enhances the action of the principal ingredient
  6. Agent that causes blistering of tissue
  7. Pain associated with a dysfunction of the nervous system
  8. Removal of living cells for the purpose of examining them
  9. Not very harmful: nonmalignant

18 Clues: Destructive to cells • Pain Hard to mange pain • pain Sharp, severe onset pain • growing , resisting treatment • Not very harmful: nonmalignant • low level of neutrophils in the blood • Agent that causes blistering of tissue • New abnormal tissue growth, as in a tumor • A malignant growth made up of epithelial cells • Abnormal decrease in the number of blood platelets • ...

Cells Study Game 2020-11-06

Cells Study Game crossword puzzle
Across
  1. a microscopic appendage that enables many protozoa to swim
  2. a light-sensitive spot
  3. less complex and smaller than eukaryotic cells
  4. the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus
  5. a structural layer surrounding some types of cells
  6. eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, plant, or fungus
  7. carries genetic information
Down
  1. found in only eukaryotic cells and stores DNA
  2. plants use this and light to make food
  3. found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
  4. make protein
  5. a lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule
  6. hairlike structure found on cells and used for movement
  7. subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs
  8. powerhouse of the cell
  9. where photosynthesis occurs

16 Clues: make protein • a light-sensitive spot • powerhouse of the cell • where photosynthesis occurs • carries genetic information • plants use this and light to make food • found in only eukaryotic cells and stores DNA • found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells • less complex and smaller than eukaryotic cells • a structural layer surrounding some types of cells • ...

Final Review_April 2024MK 2024-04-26

Final Review_April 2024MK crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Flattened cells found as a single layer around the ganglia
  2. Produces saliva
  3. Cells which produce CSF
  4. Organ responsible for converting Vitamin D into its active form
  5. A capsule formed by the glomerular capillaries of a nephron
  6. Absorbs Vitamin D which aids in calcium absorption by the gut
Down
  1. Outer layer of the intestine
  2. Group of neuronal cell bodies
  3. Cells which express FSH-Receptor (from what we covered)
  4. Site of storage and maturation of male gametes
  5. Hydrochloric acid producing cells of the stomach
  6. Sphincter of the stomach close to the duodenum
  7. Cell which produces testosterone
  8. Smooth muscle that is highly distensible in the bladder
  9. Myelin producing cells

15 Clues: Produces saliva • Myelin producing cells • Cells which produce CSF • Outer layer of the intestine • Group of neuronal cell bodies • Cell which produces testosterone • Site of storage and maturation of male gametes • Sphincter of the stomach close to the duodenum • Hydrochloric acid producing cells of the stomach • Cells which express FSH-Receptor (from what we covered) • ...

Skeletal System 7.1 2024-11-06

Skeletal System 7.1 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. the process of bone growth
  2. the function of bones that block organs from damage
  3. type of marrow that stores fat
  4. blood cell production in bone marrow
  5. specialized bone cells also referred to as stem cells
  6. an example of 8
Down
  1. the function of bones that braces the body and its tissue
  2. bone cells that build bone framework
  3. the process of making bone out of connective tissue (widthwise growth)
  4. the process of bone growing with cartilage (lengthwise growth)
  5. the function of the skeletal system that stores minerals and fat
  6. an example of 3
  7. mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue daily
  8. bone cells that shave off excess bone tissue
  9. where bone tissue meets

15 Clues: an example of 3 • an example of 8 • where bone tissue meets • the process of bone growth • type of marrow that stores fat • bone cells that build bone framework • blood cell production in bone marrow • bone cells that shave off excess bone tissue • mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue daily • the function of bones that block organs from damage • ...

Miscellaneous Part II Immune System 2023-03-16

Miscellaneous Part II Immune System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. A complex network of cells, tissues, organs, and the substances they make that helps the body fight infections and other diseases.
  2. a mean by which the body is given immunity to a disease by intentional exposure to small quantities of it.
  3. The act of introducing a vaccine into the body to produce protection from a specific disease.
  4. A type of immune cell that can surround and kill microorganisms, ingest foreign material, and remove dead cells.
  5. A type of white blood cell.
  6. provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system.
  7. acquired from exposure to the disease organism through infection with the actual disease.
  8. a group of cells, tissues and organs that work together to protect the body
  9. infectious agent of small size and simple composition that can multiply only in living cells of animals, plants, or bacteria.
  10. physical and chemical barriers that are always ready and prepared to defend the body from infection.
Down
  1. results when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease
  2. eliminating specific pathogens that have been encountered by the immune system previously
  3. the reproduction of viruses using a host cell to manufacture more viruses; the viruses then burst out of the cell.
  4. happens when germs like bacteria and fungi develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them.
  5. Any substance that causes the body to make an immune response against that substance.
  6. A type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells.
  7. used to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and toxins.
  8. A drug used to treat infections caused by bacteria and other microorganisms.
  9. A type of white blood cell that makes antibodies.

19 Clues: A type of white blood cell. • A type of white blood cell that makes antibodies. • used to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and toxins. • a group of cells, tissues and organs that work together to protect the body • A drug used to treat infections caused by bacteria and other microorganisms. • ...

Cell 2024-03-10

Cell crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The living substance within a cell, consisting of cytoplasm and the nucleus.
  2. A group of cells with similar structure and function, working together to perform specific tasks within an organism.
  3. Organisms composed of more than one cell, exhibiting specialized cell types and complex organization.
  4. Thread-like structures composed of DNA and protein, carrying genetic information and located in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
  5. Organelles responsible for producing energy (ATP) through cellular respiration, known as the "powerhouses" of the cell.
  6. Membrane-bound organelles containing digestive enzymes, responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris.
  7. Organelles found in plant cells, responsible for photosynthesis and containing chlorophyll pigment.
  8. Cells lacking a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, characteristic of bacteria and archaea
  9. membrane A selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cell, regulating the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
  10. wall A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells, providing support and protection.
  11. The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms, capable of independent existence and reproduction.
  12. Units of heredity composed of DNA, containing instructions for the synthesis of proteins and influencing traits in organisms.
Down
  1. Temporary projections of the cell membrane in certain unicellular organisms, used for locomotion and capturing prey.
  2. Cells containing a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, characteristic of plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
  3. Organisms consisting of a single cell, capable of performing all necessary life functions independently.
  4. Cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis, translating genetic information from mRNA into proteins.
  5. The gel-like substance within the cell membrane, containing organelles and other cellular structures.
  6. Membrane-bound sacs within the cytoplasm of plant and fungal cells, involved in storage, digestion, and waste removal.
  7. Organelles found in plant cells, responsible for functions such as photosynthesis, storage, and pigment synthesis.
  8. The central organelle of a eukaryotic cell, containing the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controlling cellular activities.

20 Clues: The living substance within a cell, consisting of cytoplasm and the nucleus. • Cells lacking a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, characteristic of bacteria and archaea • Organelles found in plant cells, responsible for photosynthesis and containing chlorophyll pigment. • ...

Biology Vocab 2023-12-11

Biology Vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. the second stage of cell division
  2. any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells.
  3. process of reproduction involving a single parent results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
  4. part of eukaryotic cell division which the cells nucleus divides
  5. the third stage of cell division
  6. a parent´s child or children
  7. type of production in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism
  8. containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
  9. a network of filaments that are formed during the cell division process
Down
  1. each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA.
  2. the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA.
  3. the last stage in cell division
  4. a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.
  5. threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
  6. the first stage of cell division
  7. a cell that is the source of other cells
  8. the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
  9. having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.

18 Clues: a parent´s child or children • the last stage in cell division • the first stage of cell division • the third stage of cell division • the second stage of cell division • a cell that is the source of other cells • having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. • any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells. • ...

Immunology Midterm #2 2022-11-06

Immunology Midterm #2 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The chain of proteins that act as chaperones to make sure only the correct exogenous peptides can be loaded onto class II MHC molecules
  2. The type of selection that decides to kill off T cells which bind strongly to self-peptides
  3. The transcription factor that is able to express proteins from tissue-specific cells
  4. A protein anchored on the cell membrane of a B cell
  5. The name of MHC class II presentation in which intracellular peptides are presented
  6. A protein excreted outside of a B cell
  7. The name of a center which is called a secondary-lymphoid follicle
  8. The name of the second signal needed to activate T cells
Down
  1. The amount of MHC class I genes in an individual person
  2. the surface of antigen-presenting cells
  3. The type of molecules needed to allow lymphocytes to move through the tissues
  4. An important process for re-activating B and T cells and finding their cognate antigen
  5. A protein released by CTLs that helps execute the target cell
  6. What occurs when T cells do not receive co-stimulation and become turned off?
  7. A process that lymphocytes undergo which causes swelling in the lymph node
  8. A protein needed for co-stimulation that is
  9. The type of selection that T cells bind "too weakly" will be eliminated
  10. A process in which a cTEC chops up pieces of its own components to be presented on MHC class II

18 Clues: A protein excreted outside of a B cell • the surface of antigen-presenting cells • A protein needed for co-stimulation that is • A protein anchored on the cell membrane of a B cell • The amount of MHC class I genes in an individual person • The name of the second signal needed to activate T cells • A protein released by CTLs that helps execute the target cell • ...

Organelee 2021-12-10

Organelee crossword puzzle
Across
  1. smallest unit of matter
  2. plant and animal
  3. unicellular bacteria
  4. provides protection in plant cells
  5. protiens
  6. jelly like substance inside cells
  7. control center
  8. produces protein
Down
  1. long and helps cell movement
  2. secrets and processes proteins
  3. site of chemical reactions
  4. makes photosynthesis
  5. cell components that do specific things
  6. engulfs dead cells
  7. short and helps cell movement
  8. provides protection

16 Clues: protiens • control center • plant and animal • produces protein • engulfs dead cells • provides protection • unicellular bacteria • makes photosynthesis • smallest unit of matter • site of chemical reactions • long and helps cell movement • short and helps cell movement • secrets and processes proteins • jelly like substance inside cells • provides protection in plant cells • ...

Cancer cross word 2022-12-05

Cancer cross word crossword puzzle
Across
  1. cells divide to multiply
  2. The stage where is spreads to other issues
  3. stage where the cancer has spread to other organs
  4. when cancer cells break off from the tumor and enter your blood stream spreading throughout your body.
  5. The stage where the cells have grown but not spread
Down
  1. Cancer cells prevent healthly blood cells
  2. nodes, contains immune systems
  3. as much cancer cells as possible
  4. therapy, treatment with doses of radiation to kill cancer cells
  5. swelling due to abnormal tissue growth
  6. stage of cancer where is hasn't spread to other tissue
  7. Uses drugs to remove cancer

12 Clues: cells divide to multiply • Uses drugs to remove cancer • nodes, contains immune systems • as much cancer cells as possible • swelling due to abnormal tissue growth • Cancer cells prevent healthly blood cells • The stage where is spreads to other issues • stage where the cancer has spread to other organs • The stage where the cells have grown but not spread • ...

Cells, Heredity, and Classification 2020-09-21

Cells, Heredity, and Classification crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Theodor Schwann concluded all animal tissues were made of cells
  2. the first person to describe cells.
  3. single-celled organisms that Leeuwenhoek called animalcules
  4. van Leeuwenhoek made his own microscope to look at pond scum
  5. cells are the basic unit of --- things
  6. these cells don't have cell walls
Down
  1. Scientist, Matthias Schleiden studied ---and discovered they are made of cells
  2. this is a single-celled organism that makes bread dough rise
  3. all cells come from ---
  4. are made of one or more cells
  5. this bark is what Robert Hooke was looking at under his microscope
  6. the smallest basic unit of living things

12 Clues: all cells come from --- • are made of one or more cells • these cells don't have cell walls • the first person to describe cells. • cells are the basic unit of --- things • the smallest basic unit of living things • single-celled organisms that Leeuwenhoek called animalcules • this is a single-celled organism that makes bread dough rise • ...

Sherrin Brown n9763546 2018-08-13

Sherrin Brown n9763546 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The colour of the cell
  2. Where the cells are made
  3. The red blood cell is a ..., as it has a nucleus
  4. Hemoglobin transports this around the body, it is also dissolved in the plasma
  5. The protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen
  6. Rich in hemoglobin in red blood cells
Down
  1. The shape of red blood cells
  2. Composed of lipids and proteins.
  3. Mature red blood cells lose most of these
  4. Another name for red blood cells
  5. Where the hemoglobin transports carbon dioxide for it to be exhaled
  6. Contains red and white blood cells, platelets, and plasma

12 Clues: The colour of the cell • Where the cells are made • The shape of red blood cells • Composed of lipids and proteins. • Another name for red blood cells • Rich in hemoglobin in red blood cells • Mature red blood cells lose most of these • The red blood cell is a ..., as it has a nucleus • The protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen • ...

vocabulary spreadsheet 2025-10-16

vocabulary spreadsheet crossword puzzle
Across
  1. changes a cell’s appearance as its color or style on rules or conditions.
  2. horizontal cells numbers as 1,2,3, on the left side of the sheet.
  3. A piece of data know as a number, text ,or date that is stored in a cell that can be used in calculations or it can be the output of a formula or function after operations are performed.
  4. input: when a user types or enters data or information about cells the data being calculated automatically.
  5. true or false statement used in functions
  6. action of changing the visual appearance of cells or numbers to readability and key information.
  7. command to add up a range of cells
  8. formula or tool applied to data.
Down
  1. The rectangle box where a row or column could meet.
  2. cells that run top to bottom.
  3. formatting: Improving number formats alignment fonts borders and colors
  4. built in formula that represents calculations.
  5. an application that organizes data.
  6. a creator equation that performs calculations or values within cells.
  7. clickable label on the bottom of the screen that makes it separate the sheet,or worksheet

15 Clues: cells that run top to bottom. • formula or tool applied to data. • command to add up a range of cells • an application that organizes data. • true or false statement used in functions • built in formula that represents calculations. • The rectangle box where a row or column could meet. • horizontal cells numbers as 1,2,3, on the left side of the sheet. • ...

Summary of terms 2025-11-26

Summary of terms crossword puzzle
Across
  1. organisms, such as bacteria and archea, whose cells lack a nucleus.
  2. whose cells have true nucleus, such as protists, animals, plants, and fungi.
  3. triphosphate, the molecule that provides the energy fir most cellular processes.
  4. DNA-containing structures within cells.
  5. basic units of life that make up all living things
  6. passive movement of molecules from an area of high concentración to an area of low concentration.
  7. transport/Transport across the cell membrane that requires energy from the cell.
Down
  1. organic molecules, many of which includes fatty acids as a primary components.
  2. study of life and living organisms.
  3. proteins that catalyze chemical reactions un living organisms.
  4. transport/Transport across the cell membrane that does not require energy from the cells.
  5. within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that perform specific functions in the cell.
  6. structure within eukaryotic cells that is surrounded by a double membrane and that contains the cell's DNA.
  7. respiration/The aerobic breakdown of glucose to produce ATP.
  8. molecules composed of folded chains of amino acids.

15 Clues: study of life and living organisms. • DNA-containing structures within cells. • basic units of life that make up all living things • molecules composed of folded chains of amino acids. • respiration/The aerobic breakdown of glucose to produce ATP. • proteins that catalyze chemical reactions un living organisms. • ...

Bio 2 - Module 1 2022-10-30

Bio 2 - Module 1 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. - Heat response.
  2. - A benefit of fever is that it enhances ---
  3. - One out of two of the defense types.
  4. - The --- response is made up of macrophages, mast cells, white blood cells, and chemicals.
  5. - --- cells are derived from lymphocytes, and they destroy abnormal cells. Immunological surveillance monitoring tissues and killing infected cells. Nonspecific, also called NK.
  6. - Fever causes the liver to retain iron and ---, which are needed minerals for replication/growth.
  7. - --- and cellular immunity are the two types under adaptive defenses.
Down
  1. - Enzyme in saliva, respiratory mucus, and lacrimal fluid that kills microorganisms.
  2. - Neutrophils (WBC) and macrocytes.
  3. - Antimicrobial peptides that inhibit growth.
  4. - Innate defense type one. Skin, mucous membrane, and their secretions.
  5. - Innate defense type two. Cells and chemicals.
  6. - --- Proteins include interferons and complement proteins.
  7. - Forms a thick sticky mucus to trap microorganisms.
  8. - Two out of two of the defense types.

15 Clues: - Heat response. • - Neutrophils (WBC) and macrocytes. • - One out of two of the defense types. • - Two out of two of the defense types. • - A benefit of fever is that it enhances --- • - Antimicrobial peptides that inhibit growth. • - Innate defense type two. Cells and chemicals. • - Forms a thick sticky mucus to trap microorganisms. • ...

The Immune System 2024-10-16

The Immune System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. artificially produced and antibody that recognises one epitope
  2. produced by the immune system in response to infection and destroy microbes
  3. trigger immune response by binding to white blood cells or antibodies
  4. consists of water, viral proteins and other substances
  5. produce class II MHC proteins
  6. gland that trains white blood cells
  7. protects the rotects body from pathogens in extracellular fluids
  8. signalling molecule that directs immune cells to fight infection and influences cell differentiation
Down
  1. white blood cells that are apart of the immune system
  2. substance that causes damage or death to cells
  3. acts immediately or within hours of pathogen's appearance in body and are non specific and target any pathogen
  4. mixture of antibodies that bind to multiple epitopes of an antigen
  5. proteins produced by lymphophytes as a result of antigen interaction
  6. slower immune response but targets the pathogen more specifically
  7. smallest infectious agent that can multiply only in living cells

15 Clues: produce class II MHC proteins • gland that trains white blood cells • substance that causes damage or death to cells • white blood cells that are apart of the immune system • consists of water, viral proteins and other substances • artificially produced and antibody that recognises one epitope • smallest infectious agent that can multiply only in living cells • ...

The Cell Cycle by zay 2025-12-11

The Cell Cycle by zay crossword puzzle
Across
  1. phase it seems the cell grows in size and synthesizes such as mitochondria and ribosomes.
  2. this is replicated during the synthesis phase.
  3. cells come from two copies of DNA where it splits by dividing the cytoplasm.
  4. tumors can put pressure on organs, reducing their ability to function.
  5. is the process of nuclear division followed with cytokinesis resulting in two identical daughter cells.
  6. phase takes care of the dna replication .
  7. is a regulated process, with cells only moving from one phase to the next if it makes sense to do so.
Down
  1. & osmosis are passive processes.
  2. takes care of the cell growth and preparation for mitosis.
  3. when errors are detected the cell may undergo
  4. works by using all types of powerful chemicals to kill all fast growing cells in the body for treating cancer.
  5. cells result from uncontrolled cell division
  6. resting phase
  7. with cancerous cells forming a tumor
  8. are needed for the cell division

15 Clues: resting phase • & osmosis are passive processes. • are needed for the cell division • with cancerous cells forming a tumor • phase takes care of the dna replication . • cells result from uncontrolled cell division • when errors are detected the cell may undergo • this is replicated during the synthesis phase. • takes care of the cell growth and preparation for mitosis. • ...

Epidermal Cell_ 2022-02-09

Epidermal Cell_ crossword puzzle
Across
  1. in botany, outermost, protoderm-derived layer of epidermal cells covering the stem, root, leaf, flower, fruit, and seed parts of a plant.
  2. Epidermal cells also protect against this
  3. If epidermal cells are not there,this happens to aerial parts due to absorption being reduced.
  4. The plant becomes vulnerable to this if epidermal cells are not there.
  5. Epidermal cells regulate against this
  6. Located in the upper epidermis
Down
  1. any of the cells making up the epidermis.
  2. Epidermal cells protect against this
  3. Another word for this is epidermal hairs
  4. The most common cells of the plant epidermis
  5. compounds Epidermal cells secrete this

11 Clues: Located in the upper epidermis • Epidermal cells protect against this • Epidermal cells regulate against this • compounds Epidermal cells secrete this • Another word for this is epidermal hairs • any of the cells making up the epidermis. • Epidermal cells also protect against this • The most common cells of the plant epidermis • ...

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Crossword Puzzle 2020-10-13

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. This test is the recommended first test for diagnosis
  2. Occurs at many points in the retroviral life cycle, targets for chemotherapy
  3. Move along viral messenger RNA and make viral proteins
  4. This therapy is a great treatment for HIV
  5. Synthesis of single stranded RNA
  6. HIV's nucleic acid is _____ stranded
  7. HIV's genetic material is released here for replication
  8. These cells primarily catch HIV in the epithelial tissue and migrate to the lymph nodes
  9. Complete infective form of HIV, independent of host cell
  10. HIV is typically spread this way
  11. Failure of the immune system
  12. This encompasses HIV's nucleic acid
  13. Cuts viral polyproteins into segments, cleavage
  14. HIV's membrane is made of this
  15. GP41 is a ________ protein of HIV
  16. HIV replication errors causes ________ ________ or targeting different host cells
  17. HIV must also bind to this to get into the host cell
  18. Inflammation of the tissue covering brain and spinal cord, common infection from AIDS
  19. HIV is an _________ virus
  20. This bacterial disease may become more common and severe during HIV
Down
  1. ____ _____ symptoms occur during the onset of the acute infection of HIV
  2. Fusion/ entry _______ are types of drugs that prevent HIV from attaching to cells
  3. Method of how the virus’ genetic material is transferred into the host cell
  4. These infections take advantage of the weakened immune system HIV causes
  5. This form of genetic material can replicate with the host cell's genome
  6. Once inside the host cell, HIV's capsid is
  7. Helper T-cells release ______ that recruit other lymphocytes to fight foreign invaders such as HIV
  8. A _____ in CD4 cells is a characteristic feature of HIV
  9. This protein on HIV's surface helps to gain entry into host cell
  10. This change happens as a result of HIV binding to its receptor
  11. HIV gains entry this way into its host.
  12. Surface glycoprotein that helps HIV attach to CD4
  13. Final stage of HIV infection
  14. The number of T-cells below ____ mm3 of blood has officially progressed to AIDS
  15. These are created to identify the same foreign invader also known as makers
  16. A receptor found on macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells
  17. Once HIV cells are activated, they begin to ______ proteins
  18. This tissue is home to approximately 90% of T-cells
  19. HIV can be transmitted via this route
  20. Family name of HIV
  21. Infected body _____ are primary transmitters of HIV
  22. This phase develops twelve weeks after catching the virus
  23. HIV specifically targets these cells
  24. T cells that have been infected with HIV undergo self-destruction, also known as
  25. HIV is a ______ infection, which can remain dormant until reactivated by signals
  26. 3 _____ essential for viral replication: integrase, protease, and reverse transcriptase
  27. Where HIV is integrated into host's cell
  28. Primary structure of HIV's core
  29. Main part of the immune system
  30. HIV exits the host cell by

50 Clues: Family name of HIV • HIV is an _________ virus • HIV exits the host cell by • Final stage of HIV infection • Failure of the immune system • HIV's membrane is made of this • Main part of the immune system • Primary structure of HIV's core • Synthesis of single stranded RNA • HIV is typically spread this way • GP41 is a ________ protein of HIV • This encompasses HIV's nucleic acid • ...

Briollogy 2023-10-20

Briollogy crossword puzzle
Across
  1. - group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions
  2. - cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell
  3. - type of cellular transport where substances move against a concentration gradient
  4. - process by which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
  5. system - group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
  6. - protein filaments in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that form part of the cytoskeleton
  7. pressure - pressure that must be applied to prevent osmotic movement across a selectively permeable membrane
  8. - fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus
  9. - group of similar cells that perform a particular function
  10. - basic unit of all forms of life
  11. - network of protein filaments in a eukaryotic cell that gives the cell its shape and internal organization and is involved in movement
  12. - fundamental concept of biology that states that all living things are composed of cells; that cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things; and that new cells are produced from existing cells
  13. - tubular structured polymers which are found throughout the cytoplasm and forms a component of the cytoskeleton
  14. - relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain
  15. - on or in a cell, a specific protein to whose shape fits that of a specific molecular messenger, such as a hormone
  16. permeable - property of cellular membranes that only allows certain molecules to enter or exit the cell.
  17. - thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
  18. - cell organelle that breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell
  19. - specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
  20. - water channel protein in a cell
Down
  1. - in cells, structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA
  2. - when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
  3. - thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
  4. - cellular process for ingesting and eliminating particles, including foreign substances, microorganisms, and dead cells/organelles.
  5. - the uptake of extracellular fluids and dissolved solutes, such as fat droplets, vitamins, and antigens
  6. - process of moving materials from within a cell to the exterior of the cell
  7. - when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes
  8. - flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings
  9. - when the concentration of two solutions is the same
  10. - unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus
  11. - diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
  12. - bubble-like membranous structure that stores and transports cellular products, and digests metabolic wastes within the cell
  13. - organism whose cells contain a nucleus
  14. - process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
  15. - cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
  16. - strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells

36 Clues: - basic unit of all forms of life • - water channel protein in a cell • - organism whose cells contain a nucleus • - unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus • - fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus • - when the concentration of two solutions is the same • - group of similar cells that perform a particular function • ...

Cell Division and Mitosis 2025-10-20

Cell Division and Mitosis crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and controls activities.
  2. Undifferentiated cell that can become many different types of cells.
  3. Cell with only one set of chromosomes (half the normal number).
  4. Final phase of mitosis where new nuclei form and chromosomes uncoil.
  5. Disease caused by uncontrolled cell division.
  6. Division of the nucleus that produces two identical daughter cells.
  7. Early stage of development in multicellular organisms.
  8. Fertilized egg cell formed when sperm and egg unite.
  9. Phase where the cell prepares for mitosis after DNA replication.
  10. First phase of cell growth before DNA is copied.
  11. Process of copying DNA before cell division.
  12. Point on a chromosome where sister chromatids are joined.
  13. Original cell that divides to form daughter cells.
  14. Identical copy of a chromosome joined at the centromere.
  15. Sequence of events a cell goes through to grow and divide.
  16. Mass of abnormal cells; may stay localized or spread in the body.
  17. Substance or factor that can cause cancer.
  18. Molecule that stores genetic information in all living things.
  19. To unite egg and sperm to form a zygote.
  20. Process of keeping tissues and systems functioning properly by replacing old cells.
  21. Phase of mitosis where sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.
  22. Control point where the cell cycle is monitored and can stop if errors are found.
  23. First phase of mitosis; chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
  24. Region of a cell that organizes spindle fibers during mitosis.
Down
  1. Division of the cytoplasm after mitosis is complete.
  2. Any body cell that is not a sperm or egg cell.
  3. Organism made of many specialized cells.
  4. One of the two new cells produced after cell division.
  5. Microtubules that move chromosomes during cell division.
  6. Process where certain genes are turned on or off to create different cell types.
  7. Threadlike structure of DNA that carries genetic information.
  8. Process by which unspecialized cells become specialized in structure and function.
  9. Pinching of the cell membrane in animal cells during cytokinesis.
  10. Molecule made of amino acids; carries out cell functions and builds structures.
  11. Female reproductive cell or gamete.
  12. Stage of the cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokinesis.
  13. Male reproductive cell or gamete.
  14. Increase in size and number of cells in an organism.
  15. All the genetic material of an organism.
  16. Organism made of only one cell.
  17. Part of the cell cycle when DNA is replicated.
  18. Jellylike material inside the cell membrane that contains organelles.
  19. Segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein or trait.
  20. Period of the cell cycle between divisions when the cell grows and DNA is copied.
  21. Cell with two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
  22. Structure that forms in plant cells to divide the cytoplasm during cytokinesis.
  23. Phase of mitosis where chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

47 Clues: Organism made of only one cell. • Male reproductive cell or gamete. • Female reproductive cell or gamete. • Organism made of many specialized cells. • All the genetic material of an organism. • To unite egg and sperm to form a zygote. • Substance or factor that can cause cancer. • Process of copying DNA before cell division. • Disease caused by uncontrolled cell division. • ...

Organelee 2021-12-10

Organelee crossword puzzle
Across
  1. smallest unit of matter
  2. plant and animal
  3. unicellular bacteria
  4. provides protection in plant cells
  5. protiens
  6. jelly like substance inside cells
  7. control center
  8. produces protein
Down
  1. long and helps cell movement
  2. secrets and processes proteins
  3. site of chemical reactions
  4. makes photosynthesis
  5. cell components that do specific
  6. engulfs dead cells
  7. short and helps cell movement
  8. provides protection

16 Clues: protiens • control center • plant and animal • produces protein • engulfs dead cells • provides protection • unicellular bacteria • makes photosynthesis • smallest unit of matter • site of chemical reactions • long and helps cell movement • short and helps cell movement • secrets and processes proteins • cell components that do specific • jelly like substance inside cells • ...

Chapter 7 Vocabulary 2019-03-14

Chapter 7 Vocabulary crossword puzzle
Across
  1. the center of the atom which contains the protons and neutron; in cells, structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities
  2. when the concentration of two solutions is the same
  3. diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
  4. threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
  5. specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
  6. cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
  7. strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria
  8. small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of proteins begins
  9. one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
  10. internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified
  11. network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement
  12. organism whose cells contain nuclei
  13. cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
  14. stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
  15. material inside the cell membrane-not including the nucleus
  16. process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
Down
  1. cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
  2. small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein
  3. when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes
  4. granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
  5. single-celled organism lacking a nucleus
  6. when the concentration of a solute is the same throughout the solution
  7. organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
  8. thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
  9. the mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume
  10. layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of an atom
  11. double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes
  12. idea that all living things are composed of cells,cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells
  13. collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings; basic unit of all forms of life
  14. when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes

30 Clues: organism whose cells contain nuclei • single-celled organism lacking a nucleus • when the concentration of two solutions is the same • diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane • material inside the cell membrane-not including the nucleus • layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of an atom • ...

Microbiology Crossword Module 2: The Immune System 2023-02-09

Microbiology Crossword Module 2: The Immune System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The antibodies involved in humoral immunity is called _________
  2. Defense protein that is responsible for the pro-inflammatory response and communication between cells
  3. The immunity which we develop as we age
  4. The antibody found in the mucosal lining of the respiratory tract and GI tract, therefore, being a big player in allergic reactions
  5. The immunity we are born with
  6. Once in circulation, T-cells are found in the _________ fluid
  7. T and B cells originate from the ________
  8. Granulocyte that acts in parasitic infections
  9. cell An antigen-presenting cell bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems
  10. The innate immune system has ____ memory and does not require memory
  11. CD4+ is a ___________ that binds to peptides on class 2 MHC
  12. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are considered _________
  13. The antibody that accounts for the vast majority of Ig in the plasma and that can cross the placenta and protect the fetus
  14. Adaptive immunity has _________ which helps it distinguish between pathogens, but the trade-off is time
  15. A cell that is constantly surveying the intracellular fluid and can kill organisms by interacting with them directly playing a role in tumor prevention
  16. The ______ in the stomach has the ability to kill pathogens
  17. The antibody that is always attached to a B cell and therefore plays a major role in B-cell activation
  18. CD8+ is a ____________ that binds to peptides on class 1 MHC
  19. Granulocytes have _______ that are released during infections, allergic reactions, and asthma
  20. Due to the nature of the innate immune system, it is _________ as it has no memory
Down
  1. In phagocytosis, pathogens are digested by ______________
  2. The innate immune system responds __________
  3. Eosinophils and basophils are found in the ________
  4. In innate immunity the first line of defense is the ________-
  5. Macrophages, B-cells, and dendritic cells are considered _________
  6. Once in circulation, T-cells are found in the _________ fluid
  7. the antibody found in bodily secretions, therefore, acting and protecting the mucosal linings
  8. Antibodies trigger _________
  9. The ______ acts as a physical barrier due to its acidic pH
  10. T cells mature in the _______ whereas B cells mature where they originated from
  11. The _______ and ________ of the nose and lungs trap and sweep away organisms
  12. Tears have the ability to wash away irritants and kill bacteria with the help of _________
  13. Defense proteins that are part of your body's immune system that cleans up damaged cells, help your body heal after an injury or an infection and destroy microscopic organisms like bacteria that make you sik
  14. When antibodies block receptors of pathogens it is referred to as ________
  15. The type of adaptive immunity that involves B-cells
  16. Mechanism of the immune system that increases blood flow, recruits cytokines, and promotes healing
  17. The type of adaptive immunity that involves T-cells
  18. Monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils are considered __________
  19. This mechanism slows the growth of the bacteria and speeds up the body's defense to pathogens
  20. The antibody attached to B-cells or found free in the plasma that acts as the primary response to a pathogen

40 Clues: Antibodies trigger _________ • The immunity we are born with • The immunity which we develop as we age • T and B cells originate from the ________ • The innate immune system responds __________ • Granulocyte that acts in parasitic infections • Eosinophils and basophils are found in the ________ • The type of adaptive immunity that involves B-cells • ...

LS 6.1.5 2025-04-29

LS 6.1.5 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. During this phase of mitosis, new nuclear membranes are formed and the cell begins to pinch in the middle to form 2 new daughter cells.
  2. In meisosi, onc ell with the full number of chromosomes becomes this number of cells.
  3. during this stage of meiosis II, the spindle fibers attach to the chromatids and they line up at the equator.
  4. Metaphase in meiosis is exactly the same as in mitosis except that entire chromosomes attach to one pole or the other with the _____ chromatids still attached.
  5. During this, homologous chromosomes (one from the father and one from the mother) join.
  6. The point at which sister chromatids are attached to each other.
  7. During this stage of meiosis II, new spindles form at the poles.
  8. During this stage of meiosis, chromosomes separate adn gather at seperate poles.
  9. The first phase of mitosis during which the x shaped chromatids condense into rodlike structures and the cell membrane disappears.
  10. Members of a chromosome pair are called _____ chromosomes.
  11. In meiosis, the nubmer of chromosomes found in each gamete is reduced to ____ of the original number.
  12. The cell division process in which new somatic cells are formed.
  13. During this stage of meiosis, the spindles are completed and extend to teh poles and the chromosomes all line up at the equator.
  14. The final stage of cell division where two new daughter cells are formed.
  15. Another name for somatic cells.
  16. During this stage of meiosis, a membrane divides two new nuclei creating two cells with half the chromosomes.
  17. A cell that has the full number of chromosomes for that organism.
Down
  1. During this phase of mitosis, the spindle fibers pull the chromatids apart to opposite ends of the cell.
  2. The structures found in the nuclei of cells that carry most of a cell's genes.
  3. The second phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes line up at the center of the cell and are attached to spindle fibers.
  4. In meiosis, cells that produce eggs and sperm divide ____ in succession.
  5. The phase during which a cell grows and its nucleus produces a copy of each chromosome.
  6. Four chromatids are attached together during this phase of meiosis.
  7. During this phase of meiosis II, the sister chromatids move to opposite poles.
  8. During this phase of meiosis II, the nuclear membrane forms around the chromosomes.
  9. One of the two identical strands of a replicated chromosome.
  10. The reporductive cells that divide to make new cells.
  11. Crossing- over is a way that genese of a mother and a father are mixed so that the offspring is a combinatino of traits in both parents producing more of this.
  12. In meiosis, the new cells have half the usual number of these.
  13. The cell division process in which new gamete cells are formed.
  14. If gamets were made by mitosis, the number of chromosomes in offspring would keep______.
  15. The mixture of DNA and protein that makes up a chromosome.

32 Clues: Another name for somatic cells. • The reporductive cells that divide to make new cells. • Members of a chromosome pair are called _____ chromosomes. • The mixture of DNA and protein that makes up a chromosome. • One of the two identical strands of a replicated chromosome. • In meiosis, the new cells have half the usual number of these. • ...

chapter 13: Immunology 2025-04-01

chapter 13: Immunology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. most common causes of diarrhea in the USA
  2. nerves that travel to periphery of the body
  3. 3 or more loose stools in a 24 hour period
  4. what happens when a T-cell encounters antigen? It becomes _
  5. substance that prompts the generation of antibodies and triggers an immune response
  6. space between archanoid and pia mater
  7. carry out attack
  8. normal biota of the nervous system
  9. inflammation of the meninges
  10. fragments of antigens are "presented" on surface of the cell in conjunction with _
  11. usually found in premature babies
  12. cell secretes interleukins
  13. VF: _ causing meningococcemia
  14. = immunogoblins
  15. blood cell markers in immunogens
  16. inflammatory disease of the meninges and brain
  17. shigella has __ rods
  18. middle layer of the brain
  19. most common meningitis in adults
  20. sudden onset, high fever, sore throat, chills, large areas of bleedingunder skin, shock and coma
  21. helper T cells release _ to activate other immune cells
  22. antigenic determinant
  23. immunity directed against a particular pathogen
  24. cell membranes in immunogens
  25. self-limiting viral disease
  26. transmission: _ does not last long out of the body
Down
  1. enters wound but can not grow unless becomes necrotic and poorly oxygenated
  2. mold infection
  3. sites of development for B cells
  4. antigen and enzyme mix in _ of step 3 in antigen processing
  5. red/purple spots on trunk or appendages
  6. three types of nerves: sensory, motor and _
  7. membranes surrounding brain soft tissue:
  8. antigen is phagocytized by_
  9. responsible for extracting nutrients from food and absorbing them into circulation
  10. be cells should _ react to self antigens
  11. Mosquito-borne virus
  12. protects againts exposure to natural, wild forms of the pathogen
  13. severe nausea and frequent vomitting
  14. made up of neurons and glial cells
  15. Diarrhea lasting longer than 14 days
  16. most _ can not cross into central nervous system
  17. Phagosome fuses with enzyme containing _ in antigen processing
  18. layer closest to brain
  19. brain and spinal cord nervous system
  20. cells that react with self are _ in the life cycle of T cells
  21. certain bacterial capsules in immunogens
  22. some _ are latent in the CNS but are not considered normal
  23. antigen binding to a receptor on a specific _
  24. life cyled of T cells mature in _
  25. specialized cells of CNS immune system
  26. babies born with abnormally small heads
  27. B lymphocytes with non-complementary receptors remain _
  28. response "can occur years later" in the humoral immunity
  29. transmitted by the bite of aedes mosquito
  30. promote T cells and B cells attack foreign action
  31. directly attacks pathogen
  32. DNA complexed to protiens, but not pure DNA
  33. created for faster future responses
  34. be cell section colonizes _ organs
  35. outermost layer of the brain is the _ mater
  36. to be perceived as an antigen or immunogen, a substance must meet certain requirements in foreignness, _ , size and accessibility

62 Clues: mold infection • = immunogoblins • carry out attack • Mosquito-borne virus • shigella has __ rods • antigenic determinant • layer closest to brain • middle layer of the brain • directly attacks pathogen • cell secretes interleukins • antigen is phagocytized by_ • self-limiting viral disease • inflammation of the meninges • cell membranes in immunogens • VF: _ causing meningococcemia • ...

The Immune System Crossword Puzzle 2023-05-23

The Immune System Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. a protective defense where antibodies are produced by another individual
  2. the defenses that arise when a pathogen infects the body
  3. a type of white blood cell that can kill tumor cells and virus infected cells as part of innate immunity
  4. a protein that helps defend against pathogens
  5. a lymphocyte that has undergone clonal selection and is capable of mediating an adaptive immune response
  6. the first immune response in which memory cells are first formed
  7. a much stronger and more effective response of the immune system due to the recognition by memory cells
Down
  1. a host protein that functions in antigen presentation
  2. an organism or virus that causes disease
  3. long-lived lymphocytes formed during a primary immune response that can give rise to effector cells if the same antigen is later
  4. a form of defense common to all animals active immediately upon exposure to pathogens
  5. a vertebrate-specific defense that is mediated by B and T cells that exhibits specificity memory and self and non-self recognition
  6. a type of white blood cell that mediates immune responses. the two man classes are b cells and t cells
  7. enables an animal to avoid or limit many cellular infections
  8. any substance that elicit a response from a b cell or a t cell

15 Clues: an organism or virus that causes disease • a protein that helps defend against pathogens • a host protein that functions in antigen presentation • the defenses that arise when a pathogen infects the body • enables an animal to avoid or limit many cellular infections • any substance that elicit a response from a b cell or a t cell • ...

BIONOM 18.10.2024 2024-10-18

BIONOM 18.10.2024 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Openings that allow material exchange.
  2. A change improving an organism’s survival.
  3. Organizes and ships proteins in cells.
  4. Process of cells becoming specialized.
  5. Undifferentiated cell that can form specialized cells.
  6. Cell’s control center, holds genetic material.
  7. Microenvironment supporting stem cells.
Down
  1. Membrane enclosing the nucleus.
  2. A distinct area within a cell or structure.
  3. Energy-producing organelle in cells.
  4. Technique separating substances by spinning.
  5. Specialized structure within a cell.
  6. Rapid increase in cell number.

13 Clues: Rapid increase in cell number. • Membrane enclosing the nucleus. • Energy-producing organelle in cells. • Specialized structure within a cell. • Openings that allow material exchange. • Organizes and ships proteins in cells. • Process of cells becoming specialized. • Microenvironment supporting stem cells. • A change improving an organism’s survival. • ...

Immune system 2021-10-18

Immune system crossword puzzle
Across
  1. immune response that uses B-cells
  2. One of the production sites of B cells
  3. serine protease released by T-cell
  4. help protect the nasal passage
  5. Lymphocyte that produces antibodies
  6. type of antigen-presenting cell
  7. process by which a macrophage 'eats' bacteria
  8. cells able to move between cell walls
  9. molecule that binds to receptors on t-cells which stimulates mitosis
Down
  1. usually 'y'-shaped protein
  2. immune response mediated by bound antigens
  3. phase when memory cells are inactive
  4. antibody class produced in the bodies secretions
  5. type of white blood cell produced in bone marrow

14 Clues: usually 'y'-shaped protein • help protect the nasal passage • type of antigen-presenting cell • immune response that uses B-cells • serine protease released by T-cell • Lymphocyte that produces antibodies • phase when memory cells are inactive • cells able to move between cell walls • One of the production sites of B cells • immune response mediated by bound antigens • ...

Leaf structure 2022-03-10

Leaf structure crossword puzzle
Across
  1. bottom most layer of cells
  2. top most layer of cells in a leaf
  3. irregular shaped, found just above lower epidermis
  4. supply water and minerals to leaf
  5. the flat surface of leaf
  6. waxy non cellular layer
  7. takes carbohydrate away from leaf
Down
  1. tightly packed column shaped cells just below the upper epidermis.
  2. the stem like structure that attaches leaf to the plant.
  3. extension of stalk vertically through the middle of leaf.
  4. found at the spongy layer
  5. branches of the midrib
  6. kidney/bean shaped cells in the lower epidermis.
  7. a small hole present in between guard cells

14 Clues: branches of the midrib • waxy non cellular layer • the flat surface of leaf • found at the spongy layer • bottom most layer of cells • top most layer of cells in a leaf • supply water and minerals to leaf • takes carbohydrate away from leaf • a small hole present in between guard cells • kidney/bean shaped cells in the lower epidermis. • ...

Life science Shaw 2024-12-09

Life science Shaw crossword puzzle
Across
  1. its a tipe of water
  2. you have about a more trillion of them
  3. you look into it and see things up close
  4. membrane it enclose the cells
  5. blood cells they are among the smallest cells in your body
  6. it is home to the cells chromosomes
  7. a large molecule of carbon
  8. it use oxygen to transform the energy in food
  9. a gel like fluid
Down
  1. bodies in plant cells cellulloce is made in the _____
  2. it gives you energy
  3. you need this liquid every day
  4. something very tiny
  5. wall its a outer barrier
  6. it acts as a storage structure

15 Clues: a gel like fluid • it gives you energy • its a tipe of water • something very tiny • wall its a outer barrier • a large molecule of carbon • membrane it enclose the cells • you need this liquid every day • it acts as a storage structure • it is home to the cells chromosomes • you have about a more trillion of them • you look into it and see things up close • ...

Year 9 Biology 2023-03-17

Year 9 Biology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The plant tissue which transports water
  2. This occurs when cell division is uncontrolled
  3. The overall name for sperm and egg cells
  4. The movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
  5. The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
  6. The part of a cell where photosynthesis occurs
  7. The name given to a fertilised egg
  8. Cell division which gives 2 identical cells
Down
  1. The plant tissue which transports sugars
  2. When an object is enlarged it is ....
  3. Cells which have a nucleus
  4. The ability to distinguish between 2 points
  5. The part of a cell where respiration takes place
  6. Cells which can differentiate into any type of cell
  7. The part of the cell which contains the DNA
  8. The movement of water from a high to a low water potential
  9. Cells which do not have a nucleus
  10. Where protein synthesis takes place

18 Clues: Cells which have a nucleus • Cells which do not have a nucleus • The name given to a fertilised egg • Where protein synthesis takes place • When an object is enlarged it is .... • The plant tissue which transports water • The plant tissue which transports sugars • The overall name for sperm and egg cells • The ability to distinguish between 2 points • ...

biology chpter 7 2025-05-07

biology chpter 7 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. bi layer gives cell membranes a flexible structure that forms a strong barrier between the cell and its surroundings
  2. biological eqivilants of solar power plants
  3. cells that enclose DNA in nuclei
  4. the process by which particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration
  5. basic unit of life
  6. the portion of the cell outside the nucleus
  7. cells that do not enclose DNA in nuclei
  8. structures that act like specialized organs
  9. a large membrane-enclosed structure that contains genetic material
Down
  1. network of protein filaments
  2. eukaryotic cell variation; lives solitary as unicellular organism
  3. membrane thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells
  4. power plant of cell
  5. located near the nucleus and help organize cell division
  6. small organelles filled with enzymes
  7. wall a strong, supporting layer around the membrane
  8. permeable same substances can pass across them and others cannot
  9. small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in all cells
  10. theory fundamental concept of biology
  11. large, sac-like membrane-enclosed structure inside cell

20 Clues: basic unit of life • power plant of cell • network of protein filaments • cells that enclose DNA in nuclei • small organelles filled with enzymes • theory fundamental concept of biology • cells that do not enclose DNA in nuclei • biological eqivilants of solar power plants • the portion of the cell outside the nucleus • structures that act like specialized organs • ...

Hematology Review (Unit 3) 2022-02-09

Hematology Review (Unit 3) crossword puzzle
Across
  1. term used to describe low red blood cells cells
  2. this type of WBC kills bacteria, fungi and foreign debris
  3. term used to describe low platelets
  4. patients most at risk for this type of anemia are Black or African Americans
  5. patients most at risk for this disorder are of Greek, Italian or Middle Eastern descent
  6. inherited disorder in which there is a deficiency of specific clotting factors
Down
  1. term used to describe high white blood cells
  2. patients most at risk for this disorder are white or hispanic
  3. term used to describe high platelets
  4. term used to describe low white blood cells
  5. disorder in which there is uncontrolled, rapid cellar reproduction and maturation which causes over proliferation of RBCs
  6. acute condition in which small clots utilize all of the body's clotting factors, then resulting in the inability to clot (abbreviation)
  7. disorder in which abnormal plasma cells multiply out of control in the bone marrow
  8. disorder in which immature, nonfunctioning WBCs spill into the bloodstream then infiltrate tissues, like the spleen and liver
  9. a low platelet count that can trigger spontaneous hemorrhage
  10. this type of WBC fights viruses, makes antibodies and occurs as T and B cells
  11. this type of WBC cleans up damaged cells
  12. type of inherited anemia that causes RBCs to become rigid, rough, elongated forming a crescent shape

18 Clues: term used to describe low platelets • term used to describe high platelets • this type of WBC cleans up damaged cells • term used to describe low white blood cells • term used to describe high white blood cells • term used to describe low red blood cells cells • this type of WBC kills bacteria, fungi and foreign debris • ...

biology 2021-01-26

biology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. found inside of plant cells
  2. rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants
  3. an organelle found in large numbers in most cells
  4. apparatus a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells
  5. the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism
  6. membrane-bound organelle that contains genetic material (DNA) of eukaryotic organisms
  7. an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus
Down
  1. the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell
  2. a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.
  3. a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes
  4. meshwork of fine disklike tubular membrane vesicles
  5. a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells
  6. part of a continuous membrane organelle within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells
  7. microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles
  8. a green pigment, present in all green plants and in cyanobacteria

15 Clues: found inside of plant cells • an organelle found in large numbers in most cells • meshwork of fine disklike tubular membrane vesicles • the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism • the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell • a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes • ...

Iron Deficiency 2020-12-12

Iron Deficiency crossword puzzle
Across
  1. This test is done under the microscope. If iron deficiency is detected then the red blood cells will look smaller and more paler than normal red blood cells.
  2. sharp stabbing pain in the upper trunk of the body.
  3. weakness in the body.
  4. This test measures the amount of iron there is in the blood.
  5. Surroundings spinning in a fast circular motion.
  6. This test measures how much much of this protein is stored in the body.
  7. breathlessness.
Down
  1. nail bed that is easily chipped.
  2. Pain all around the head.
  3. a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body's tissues.
  4. coldness due to poor blood circulation.
  5. checks the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in your blood. Abnormal results may be a sign of infection, a blood disorder, or another condition.
  6. This test measures if the bone marrow in the blood is making red blood cells in the right amount.
  7. This test measures how much transferrin in the blood isn’t carrying iron.
  8. a protein that helps store iron in your blood.

15 Clues: breathlessness. • weakness in the body. • Pain all around the head. • nail bed that is easily chipped. • coldness due to poor blood circulation. • a protein that helps store iron in your blood. • Surroundings spinning in a fast circular motion. • sharp stabbing pain in the upper trunk of the body. • This test measures the amount of iron there is in the blood. • ...

Biology Revision - Crossword 2 2024-12-11

Biology Revision - Crossword 2 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from a low solute concentration to a high solute concentration.
  2. Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being used up.
  3. Microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, that cause disease.
  4. The storage carbohydrate found in plant cells.
  5. The organelle that contains the genetic material in eukaryotic cells.
  6. The green pigment in plants responsible for absorbing light energy for photosynthesis.
  7. Tiny hair-like structures used for movement or to move substances along a surface.
  8. The site of aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells.
  9. A form of respiration that does not require oxygen, producing less energy than aerobic respiration.
  10. A structure in plant cells that stores cell sap and helps maintain cell turgidity.
Down
  1. The passive movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.
  2. The process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment.
  3. Term describing organisms made up of many cells that work together.
  4. The storage carbohydrate found in animal cells and fungi.
  5. The rigid structure surrounding plant, fungal, and bacterial cells for support and protection.

15 Clues: The storage carbohydrate found in plant cells. • The site of aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells. • The storage carbohydrate found in animal cells and fungi. • Term describing organisms made up of many cells that work together. • The organelle that contains the genetic material in eukaryotic cells. • ...

Crosswords 2025-11-30

Crosswords crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Eukaryote organelles that break down organic molecules to produce ATP
  2. The study of life and living organisms
  3. The basic unit of life that make up all the living Organisims
  4. The organelles within plant cells in which photosynthesis occurs
  5. respiration The aerobic breakdown of glucose to produce ATP
  6. Organic molecules that consist of a single simple sugar or chains of simple sugar molecules
  7. A form of cell divition in which one cell contains the same genetic information as the original cell
  8. A structure within eukaryotic cells that is surrounded by a double membranevan that contains the cell's DNA
  9. The DNA-containing structure within cells
Down
  1. The part of a cell that is inside the cell membrane but outside the nucleus
  2. Structure within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that perform specific functions in the cell
  3. Hydrophobic organic molecules
  4. Single-celled organisims, such as bacteria and archaea, whose cells lack a nucleus
  5. Organisims whoe cells have a true nucleus
  6. The structure that separates the inside of the cell from the outside of the cell

15 Clues: Hydrophobic organic molecules • The study of life and living organisms • Organisims whoe cells have a true nucleus • The DNA-containing structure within cells • respiration The aerobic breakdown of glucose to produce ATP • The basic unit of life that make up all the living Organisims • The organelles within plant cells in which photosynthesis occurs • ...

Mitosis Study Game 2025-03-19

Mitosis Study Game crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Two Identical Cells- to each other AND to the original parent cell
  2. Threadlike structures of nucleic acids and protein
  3. What forms in plant cells during cytokinesis
  4. What forms in animal cells during cytokinesis
  5. Stem cells that are found in the inner cell mass of the human blastocyst, an early stage of the developing embryo lasting from the 4th to 7th day after fertilization.
  6. Strands of replicated chromosomes
  7. Phase where sister chromatids arrive at opposite sides, new membranes form around the two new nuclei. The chromosomes are not visible.
  8. Phase where spindle fibers move chromosomes so that they form a line in the middle of the cell, Nuclear Membrane is gone
Down
  1. Phase in which G1, synthesis, and G2 occur
  2. Phase where chromosomes are visible, nucleus is still there- it is starting to disappear
  3. Unspecialized cells that continually reproduce themselves and have, under appropriate conditions, the ability to differentiate into one or more types of specialized cells.
  4. What happens when cells divide too rapidly
  5. Part of chromosome where sister chromatids are held together
  6. Cell division used by all eukaryotic organisms such as plants and animals to grow, repair, and replace.
  7. Phase where each sister chromatid moves apart to opposite sides of the cells using spindles

15 Clues: Strands of replicated chromosomes • Phase in which G1, synthesis, and G2 occur • What happens when cells divide too rapidly • What forms in plant cells during cytokinesis • What forms in animal cells during cytokinesis • Threadlike structures of nucleic acids and protein • Part of chromosome where sister chromatids are held together • ...

Cell Cycle Crossword Puzzle 2014-01-16

Cell Cycle Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. when sister chromatids line up along the equator of the cell
  2. cells that do not undergo apoptosis and continue to replicate
  3. phase in which the cell starts to split into two cells
  4. the process of cell division
  5. phase in which the nuclear envelope disappears
  6. cells that can turn into any type of cell
  7. the building blocks of life
  8. step in which the cell splits into two new daughter cells
  9. area where sister chromatids of a chromosome attach
  10. programmed cell death
  11. phase of mitosis when the sister chromatids move apart from each other
Down
  1. organelles used to help create the spindle fibers
  2. the condensed form of DNA (coiled up)
  3. phase in interphase in which the DNA is replicated
  4. attaches to the sister chromatids during metaphase
  5. portion of the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing
  6. half of a duplicated chromosome; one of two "sisters" or makes half the X
  7. phase in which chromatin condenses into chromosomes

18 Clues: programmed cell death • the building blocks of life • the process of cell division • the condensed form of DNA (coiled up) • cells that can turn into any type of cell • phase in which the nuclear envelope disappears • organelles used to help create the spindle fibers • phase in interphase in which the DNA is replicated • attaches to the sister chromatids during metaphase • ...

Chapter 14 - Cancer 2017-04-25

Chapter 14 - Cancer crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Cancer of the blood.
  2. Most effective cancer treatment.
  3. Use of ionizing radiation to kill or inactivate cancer cells.
  4. Term meaning "cancerous."
  5. Most common form of skin cancer; basal cell _____.
  6. Use of chemical agents to destroy cancers cells.
  7. Term meaning "tumor."
  8. Mass caused by the proliferation of cancer cells.
  9. Term meaning "noncancerous."
Down
  1. Classifying the extent and spread of cancer.
  2. This cancer can be detected by routine Papanicolaou (Pap) screening.
  3. Most common form of cancer in women and second leading cause of cancer deaths in women.
  4. Treatment geared toward improving the quality of life by relieving symptoms and reducing suffering without eliminating the cause.
  5. Use of this substance is responsible for causing 80% to 90% of lung cancers.
  6. Cancer-causing agent.
  7. Spreading of cancers cells from a primary site of origin to distant sites.
  8. Disease characterized by abnormal cells that possess uncontrollable cell division and lack of programmed cell death.
  9. Leading cause of cancer death in both men and women.

18 Clues: Cancer of the blood. • Cancer-causing agent. • Term meaning "tumor." • Term meaning "cancerous." • Term meaning "noncancerous." • Most effective cancer treatment. • Classifying the extent and spread of cancer. • Use of chemical agents to destroy cancers cells. • Mass caused by the proliferation of cancer cells. • Most common form of skin cancer; basal cell _____. • ...

Retina 2025-04-10

Retina crossword puzzle
Across
  1. complexes between the rod and cone (inner segments) and the supportive Müller
  2. a multilayered structure containing photoreceptors as well as neurons and
  3. This layer contains the neurons that perform the initial
  4. Portion of the macula rich in cones
  5. Protective pigment in the RPE
  6. Inner (blank) layer where amacrine cells synapse
  7. responsible for maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the retina, including regulating the extracellular environment, removing debris, and supporting neuronal function
  8. Cells that combine to form the optic nerve
  9. Multiple invagination containing portion of the cone
Down
  1. Spherule with single invagination
  2. Layer of the LGN that process “where is it”
  3. of visual information and then relay that on to the retinal ganglion cells.
  4. Vitamin A derived chemical used in photo-transduction
  5. Two types of synapses photoreceptors, horizontal and bipolar cells
  6. a dense line formed by the
  7. Outermost layer of the retina that absorbs light to decrease inappropriate scattering
  8. cells
  9. This physiological phenomenon is caused by the optic disc where there are no photo receptors

18 Clues: cells • a dense line formed by the • Protective pigment in the RPE • Spherule with single invagination • Portion of the macula rich in cones • Cells that combine to form the optic nerve • Layer of the LGN that process “where is it” • Inner (blank) layer where amacrine cells synapse • Multiple invagination containing portion of the cone • ...

Cell Structures 2025-11-16

Cell Structures crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Make proteins
  2. Cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
  3. Controls what goes in and out of PLANT cells and provides support
  4. DNA controls the synthesis (making) of _______________.
  5. Cells that do NOT have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
  6. Process that occurs in the chloroplast
  7. The nuclear ______________ surrounds the nucleus and controls what goes in and out of the nucleus.
  8. Jelly-like substance that holds the organelles
  9. Process that occurs in the mitochondria
Down
  1. Provides energy to the cell
  2. Selectively permeable phospholipid bilayer that allows materials to pass in and out of the cell
  3. Directs and controls cell activities; contains DNA
  4. The smallest basic unit of life
  5. Number of layers of phospholipids in the cell membrane
  6. Stores and transmits genetic information
  7. The cell membrane is ____________ permeable, which means that SOME materials can pass through.
  8. Type of lipid that the cell membrane is made up of
  9. Organelle found only in plant cells (not in animal cells)

18 Clues: Make proteins • Provides energy to the cell • The smallest basic unit of life • Process that occurs in the chloroplast • Process that occurs in the mitochondria • Stores and transmits genetic information • Jelly-like substance that holds the organelles • Directs and controls cell activities; contains DNA • Type of lipid that the cell membrane is made up of • ...

Meiosis & Genetics 2023-02-13

Meiosis & Genetics crossword puzzle
Across
  1. the number of daughter cells created from the process of meiosis
  2. the maturation of female gametes (production of egg cells)
  3. when genes that are close to each other on a chromosome are likely to get passed on to offspring together
  4. in Metaphase 1 the chromosomes randomly line up next to their homologous pair
  5. stage in which homologous pairs line up next to each other in the center of the cell
  6. when the egg and sperm cell meet to create a zygote
  7. stage in which homologous chromosomes are pulled apart
Down
  1. in Prophase 1 when homologous chromosomes swap segments of their chromosome
  2. cells created from the process of meiosis
  3. when a cell undergoes oogenesis, and it does not have enough cytoplasm or cell parts to continue developing, it turns into this.
  4. the maturation of male gametes (production of sperm cells)
  5. cells containing two copies of each chromosome
  6. stage in which sister chromatids are pulled away from each other
  7. the daughter cells created from meiosis are genetically ______.
  8. cells containing one copy of each chromosome

15 Clues: cells created from the process of meiosis • cells containing one copy of each chromosome • cells containing two copies of each chromosome • when the egg and sperm cell meet to create a zygote • stage in which homologous chromosomes are pulled apart • the maturation of female gametes (production of egg cells) • ...

Nutrition: Snacking and Diabetes Review 2023-05-08

Nutrition: Snacking and Diabetes Review crossword puzzle
Across
  1. in the blood stream; moves glucose from the bloodstream into cells
  2. process which breaks foods into nutrient components to be used by the
  3. act of eating food in response to negative emotions
  4. act of eating a small amount of food between meals
  5. diabetes in which the hormones produced by the placenta inhibit insulin from transferring glucose to body cells
  6. diabetes in which body cells stop responding to insulin and inhibit glucose from entering the cells
  7. diabetes in which Beta cells in the pancreas are destroyed and the body produces little to no insulin
Down
  1. recommendations for healthy eating patterns and their food and nutrient
  2. unit of energy in food
  3. process of consuming food for nourishment
  4. amount of the sugar glucose in the blood
  5. substances which provide nourishment essential for growth and development
  6. disorder which hinders insulin from getting glucose into cells; disables body properly using digested food needed for development and energy
  7. act of eating usually large amounts of food even when full
  8. hormone produced by Beta cells in the pancreas; regulates the amount of

15 Clues: unit of energy in food • amount of the sugar glucose in the blood • process of consuming food for nourishment • act of eating a small amount of food between meals • act of eating food in response to negative emotions • act of eating usually large amounts of food even when full • in the blood stream; moves glucose from the bloodstream into cells • ...

Blood Muahhhahhahaha! 2013-04-16

Blood Muahhhahhahaha! crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Blood transports substances and maintains ______ within the body.
  2. a leukocyte that lacks a granular cytoplasm.
  3. The molecule attached to red blood cells that combines with Oxygen.
  4. The main functions of red blood cells include transporting oxygen and picking up _________.
  5. composes about 55% of blood and contains water, proteins, and amino acids.
  6. Describes a blood cell that is love in oxygen and appears "bluish red."
  7. Describes the shape of red blood cells.
  8. Another word for white blood cells.
Down
  1. Describes a blood cell that has plenty of oxygen and is bright red in color.
  2. a leukocyte that has a granular cytoplasm.
  3. This mineral is essential for red blood cell production.
  4. the general function of this cell is to protect the body against disease.
  5. The scientific name for red blood cells.
  6. A condition that occurs when there are not enough red blood cells in an individual.
  7. Blood is considered to be this type of tissue.

15 Clues: Another word for white blood cells. • Describes the shape of red blood cells. • The scientific name for red blood cells. • a leukocyte that has a granular cytoplasm. • a leukocyte that lacks a granular cytoplasm. • Blood is considered to be this type of tissue. • This mineral is essential for red blood cell production. • ...

Plant Transport AQA 2015-03-23

Plant Transport AQA crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Attraction between water molecules.
  2. Pathway involving the movement of water through the cytoplasm of plant cells.
  3. Vessels which transport water in plants.
  4. Mechanism by which water creeps up xylem vessels.
  5. Apparatus used to investigate the rate of transpiration in plant cuttings.
  6. Layer of cement which holds plant cells together.
  7. Mesophyll cells which are adapted to carry out photosynthesis.
  8. Waxy material forming the casparian strip.
Down
  1. Mechanism by which water enters root hair cells.
  2. Cells which actively transport mineral ions into xylem vessels of roots.
  3. Pores mainly in the lower epidermis of a leaf.
  4. Evaporation of water from leaves.
  5. Waxy layer which is thicker on the upper surface of a leaf.
  6. Pits in plant cell walls where the cytoplasm of one cell is linked to that of the next cell.
  7. Pathway taken by water of water between plant cells and through porous cell walls.

15 Clues: Evaporation of water from leaves. • Attraction between water molecules. • Vessels which transport water in plants. • Waxy material forming the casparian strip. • Pores mainly in the lower epidermis of a leaf. • Mechanism by which water enters root hair cells. • Mechanism by which water creeps up xylem vessels. • Layer of cement which holds plant cells together. • ...

Bio: Crossword 2024-10-21

Bio: Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. ability to withstand a type of disease
  2. to ptevent a person from getting a type of sickness such as TB
  3. Cells secrete chemicals called cytokines
  4. a flexible airway that is supported by cartillage
  5. process by which large particles are taken up by cells, in the form of vacuoles
  6. is a rigid, but flezible supporting matetial containing high fibres
  7. the extent to which a pathogen is able to cause disease or damage
  8. stimulate macrophage to engulf pathogens and dead and infected cells
  9. is a tissue which is capable of contraction, but which is not undet voluntary control
Down
  1. kill body cells that are infected by non self material
  2. globular proteins also known as immunoglobulins
  3. provide flexibility dyring ventilation
  4. type of medicine such as penicillin
  5. disease that is always present
  6. have long, thin stems and rounded tops

15 Clues: disease that is always present • type of medicine such as penicillin • ability to withstand a type of disease • provide flexibility dyring ventilation • have long, thin stems and rounded tops • Cells secrete chemicals called cytokines • globular proteins also known as immunoglobulins • a flexible airway that is supported by cartillage • ...

Chapter 11 - Meiosis 2024-11-12

Chapter 11 - Meiosis crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The structure that allows animal cells to divide during cytokinesis
  2. Cells that contain 1 set of chromosomes
  3. The phase of meiosis I where homologues align in the center of the cell
  4. The process where non-identical chromatids exchange DNA
  5. The term that refers to egg and sperm cells
  6. The structure that allows plant cells to divide during cytokinesis
  7. This stage is also known as Interphase II and does not replicate DNA
Down
  1. The stage of the cell cycle where a cell splits into daughter cells
  2. The stage of the cell cycle where DNA replicates
  3. The phase of meiosis I where crossing over occurs
  4. Cells that contain 2 sets of chromosomes
  5. The stage of the cell cycle where the DNA splits
  6. The phase of meiosis II where sister chromatids separate
  7. A pair of homologous chromosomes
  8. The phase of meiosis I where the nuclei reform

15 Clues: A pair of homologous chromosomes • Cells that contain 1 set of chromosomes • Cells that contain 2 sets of chromosomes • The term that refers to egg and sperm cells • The phase of meiosis I where the nuclei reform • The stage of the cell cycle where DNA replicates • The stage of the cell cycle where the DNA splits • The phase of meiosis I where crossing over occurs • ...

cell cycle and cancer 2025-06-02

cell cycle and cancer crossword puzzle
Across
  1. divided in 3 parts. cell grows and DNA doubles
  2. fibers that pull chromatids/chromosome pairs apart
  3. first stage of mitosis two identical daughter cells
  4. regulatory proteins crucial for controlling the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells
  5. sister chromatids separate to opposite ends of the pole
  6. stop cell division, stopping uncontrolled growth & initiating cell death if needed
  7. end of cell division. the cytoplasm of a cell divides to form two separate daughter cells
Down
  1. two identical copies of a chromosome that are formed during DNA replication
  2. sexual reproduction resulting in gametes
  3. enzymes that help cells get to the next stage of the cell cycle
  4. uncontrolled cellular division
  5. process that creates 2 haploid daughter cells
  6. sister chromatids line up in the middle at the metaphase plate
  7. checkpoints ensure that the cell is ready to proceed with division
  8. double-membrane structure that surrounds the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, separating the nuclear contents from the cytoplasm

15 Clues: uncontrolled cellular division • sexual reproduction resulting in gametes • process that creates 2 haploid daughter cells • divided in 3 parts. cell grows and DNA doubles • fibers that pull chromatids/chromosome pairs apart • first stage of mitosis two identical daughter cells • sister chromatids separate to opposite ends of the pole • ...

Excel vocab 2 2021-01-12

Excel vocab 2 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Items you directly change, such as keywords.
  2. A bar located between the ribbon and the worksheet in which users can edit the contents of a cell.
  3. An arrow with a plus sign that appears when you select the cell or range of cells you want to copy and hold down Ctrl while you point to the border of the selection. When this pointer appears you can drag the cell or range of cells to the new location.
  4. To insert data from the Clipboard to a new location in a worksheet.
  5. A word assigned to a document’s properties that makes it easier to organize and find documents.
  6. range of cells. Used mainly to copy data to adjacent
  7. A formatted series of text or numbers that are in a normal sequence such as months, weekdays, numbers, or times.
  8. A small square in the lower, right corner of a selected cell
Down
  1. that are then available to be used in the active
  2. An Excel feature that automatically fill cells with data, formatting, or both.
  3. in other workbooks, and in other Office
  4. A mouse pointer that enables users to drag a cell or range of cells to a new location, replacing any existing data in the destination cells.
  5. A tool identified with symbols such as dotted, dashed, or solid lines that fill the space before tabs.
  6. To duplicate data from a worksheet to the Clipboard.
  7. Highlighting text that is to be changed.
  8. Text entered in a worksheet that identifies numeric data and is the most common type of text entered in a worksheet. Labels are also used to sort and group data.
  9. A group of adjacent cells you select to perform operations on all of the selected cells.
  10. To remove data from a worksheet. Cut data may be pasted into a new location or locations in a worksheet.
  11. A location that collects and stores up to 24 copied or cut

19 Clues: in other workbooks, and in other Office • Highlighting text that is to be changed. • Items you directly change, such as keywords. • that are then available to be used in the active • To duplicate data from a worksheet to the Clipboard. • range of cells. Used mainly to copy data to adjacent • A location that collects and stores up to 24 copied or cut • ...

Protist Vocabulary Quiz 2023-09-11

Protist Vocabulary Quiz crossword puzzle
Across
  1. A unicellular protist that lives in freshwater, uses a flagella to move and is an autotroph because it makes it's own food
  2. A protist that is animal like because it eats other organisms to gain its nutrients
  3. Found only in plant cells and gives the plant structure.
  4. The skin of a cell that protects the cell by controlling what goes in and out of the cell.
  5. Tiny hair-like structures that are used for movement and eating
  6. Found only in plant cells, these make the plant green and allow photosynthesis to take place.
  7. Mail room of the cell, sorts and processes the proteins that turn into energy
  8. Clean up the cells, gets rid of wastes
Down
  1. The first scientist to describe cells. Observed box shaped dead cork cells.
  2. An organism that is made of only one cell and must complete all of the processes of life within one cell
  3. A unicellular protist that lives in aquatic habitats, is covered in cilia, and is a heterotroph because it feeds on other organisms.
  4. A whip-like structure that is used to help a protist move
  5. The brain of the cell, tells other cells what to do
  6. A multi-cellular protist that is a spherical colony, each cell in the colony moves by 2 flagella, and has a red eye spot to detect light because it makes its own food (autotroph)
  7. The false foot that a protist can create in order to move
  8. A unicellular protist that moves by a pseudopod, changes its shape constantly, and is a heterotroph because it engulfs food from its surroundings
  9. An organism with many cells that have a special job and work together to help the organism stay alive
  10. A protist that is plant like because makes it's own food through photosynthesis
  11. The cells powerhouse and makes energy for the cell that is called ATP

19 Clues: Clean up the cells, gets rid of wastes • The brain of the cell, tells other cells what to do • Found only in plant cells and gives the plant structure. • A whip-like structure that is used to help a protist move • The false foot that a protist can create in order to move • Tiny hair-like structures that are used for movement and eating • ...

BIOL150 Cell Vocabulary 2019-03-01

BIOL150 Cell Vocabulary crossword puzzle
Across
  1. junction that forms a channel between two adjacent animal cells, enabling the cells to communicate
  2. envelope double-membrane structure that is the outermost portion of the nucleus
  3. junction that makes firm seal between two adjacent animal cells created by protein adherence
  4. channel that passes between the cell walls of adjacent plant cells
  5. compartment or sac within a cell
  6. an instrument that magnifies an object
  7. region of the endoplasmic reticulum that is studded with ribosomes and engages in protein modification and phospholipid synthesis
  8. organelle in an animal cell that functions as the cell’s digestive component
  9. region in animal cells made of two centrioles
  10. narrowest element of the cytoskeleton system
  11. a filament type composed of several intertwined strands of fibrous protein supports and anchors cells
  12. cell type that has a membrane-bound nucleus and several other membrane-bound compartments or sacs
  13. semi-solid fluid inside the nucleus
  14. organelles responsible for cellular respiration
  15. cell organelle that houses the cell’s DNA and directs the synthesis of ribosomes and proteins
  16. cellular structure that carries out protein synthesis
  17. short, hair-like structure
  18. material secreted from animal cells that provides mechanical protection and anchoring for the cells in the tissue
Down
  1. organelle that oxidizes fatty acids and amino acids and detoxifies many poisons using hydrogen peroxide
  2. gel-like material of the cytoplasm in which cell structures are suspended
  3. membrane phospholipid bilayer that separates the internal content of the cell from its surrounding environment
  4. structure within the nucleus that is made up of chromatin
  5. green pigment involved in photosynthesis
  6. unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle
  7. darkly staining body within the nucleus
  8. apparatus eukaryotic organelle that sorts, tags, and packages lipids and proteins for distribution
  9. small, membrane-bound sac that functions in cellular storage and transport
  10. protein-DNA complex that comprises chromosomes
  11. network of protein fibers that maintain the shape and allow movement of cells
  12. central part of a prokaryotic cell in which the chromosome is found
  13. widest element of the cytoskeleton system
  14. plant cell organelle that carries out photosynthesis
  15. region of the endoplasmic reticulum that has few or no ribosomes on its cytoplasmic surface and synthesizes carbohydrates, lipids, and steroid hormones; detoxifies certain chemicals (like pesticides, preservatives, medications, and environmental pollutants), and stores calcium ions
  16. long, hair-like structure that extends from the plasma membrane and is used to move the cell
  17. linkages between adjacent epithelial cells that form when cadherins in the plasma membrane attach to intermediate filaments
  18. membranous structures within eukaryotic cells that modify proteins and synthesize lipids
  19. membrane-bound sac which functions in cellular storage and transport
  20. region between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope

38 Clues: short, hair-like structure • compartment or sac within a cell • semi-solid fluid inside the nucleus • an instrument that magnifies an object • darkly staining body within the nucleus • green pigment involved in photosynthesis • widest element of the cytoskeleton system • narrowest element of the cytoskeleton system • region in animal cells made of two centrioles • ...

Excel lesson 2 2021-01-19

Excel lesson 2 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. a small square in the lower, right corner of a selected cell or range of cells. Used mainly to copy data to adjacent cells.
  2. a tool identified with symbols such as dotted, dashed, or solid lines that fill the space before tabs.
  3. to insert data from the clipboard to a new location in the worksheet.
  4. items you directly change, such as keywords.
  5. a group of adjacent cells you select to preform operations on all of the selected cells.
  6. a location that collects and stores up to 24 copied or cut items that are then available to be used in the active workbook,in other workbooks, and in other office workbooks.
  7. highlighting text that is to be changed.
Down
  1. a mouse pointer that enables users to drag a cell or range of cells to a new location, replacing any existing data in the destination cells.
  2. text entered in a work sheet that identifies numeric data and is the most common type of text entered in a worksheet. Labels are also used to sort and group data.
  3. a formatted series of text or numbers that are in a normal sequence such as months, weekdays, numbers, or times.
  4. a bar located between the ribbon and the worksheet in which users can edit the contents of a cell.
  5. an arrow with a plus sign that appears when you select the cells or range of cells you want to copy and hold down Crtl while you point to the boarder of the selection. When the pointer appears you can you can drag the cell or range of cells to the new location.
  6. an excel feature that automatically fills cells with data, formatting, or both.
  7. a word assigned to a documents properties that makes it easier to organize and find documents.
  8. to duplicate data from a worksheet to the clipboard.
  9. to remove data from a worksheet. cut data may be pasted into a new location or locations in the worksheet.

16 Clues: highlighting text that is to be changed. • items you directly change, such as keywords. • to duplicate data from a worksheet to the clipboard. • to insert data from the clipboard to a new location in the worksheet. • an excel feature that automatically fills cells with data, formatting, or both. • ...

Anatomy terms 2023-03-27

Anatomy terms crossword puzzle
Across
  1. the migration of cells toward attractant chemicals or away from repellents.
  2. a cancerous condition in which there is an excessive production of immature leukocytes
  3. The buffy a concentration of all the white blood cells in a sample of blood
  4. A type of immune cell that has granules with enzymes that can kill tumor cells or cells infected with a virus
  5. an emzyme found in sweat, saliva, and tears that is capable of destroying certain kinds of bacteria
  6. an inherited clotting defect caused by absence of a blood-clotting factor
  7. a chemical that carries messages between nerve cells in the brain and throughout your body
  8. narrowing of blood vessels
  9. genetic disorder with abnormally shaped blood cells
Down
  1. the percentage of erythrocytes to total blood volume
  2. reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood caused by a decreased number of erythrocytes or decreased percentage of hemoglobin in the blood.
  3. the fluid portion of the blood
  4. a phagocytic cell particularly abundant in lymphatic and connective tissues; important as an antigen-presenter to T cells and B cells in the immune response
  5. member of T cell and B cell clones that provides for immunologic memory
  6. an accumulation of bile pigments in the blood producing a yellow color of the skin

15 Clues: narrowing of blood vessels • the fluid portion of the blood • genetic disorder with abnormally shaped blood cells • the percentage of erythrocytes to total blood volume • member of T cell and B cell clones that provides for immunologic memory • an inherited clotting defect caused by absence of a blood-clotting factor • ...

Immune System 2025-04-17

Immune System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Deficiency, breakdown or inability of certain parts of the immune system to function, thus making a person more susceptible to certain diseases.
  2. Killer cells, cells that are part of the innate immune system that recognize virus-infected & cancerous body cells, and will attack and kill foreign invaders.
  3. Disease, diseases caused when an organism’s own immune system attacks its own cells.
  4. cells, a type of lymphocyte cell in the adaptive immune system that recognizes and responds to specific invading pathogens, they recognize intact antigens on the surface of pathogens using receptors bound to their cell surface.
  5. cells, cells that last for decades in the lymph nodes and are ready to be activated if an antigen on a foreign pathogen reappears in the body.
  6. System, network of vessels tissues and organs that helps circulate fluid throughout the body.
  7. agents that cause disease, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or others
  8. T Cells, lymphocytes responsible for assisting other white blood cells in responding to infection, processing antigens, and triggering antibody production.
Down
  1. Immunity, a branch of the immune system whose components attach to pathogens indiscriminately and does not change much from the time you are born.
  2. a protein molecule in the blood serum or other body fluids that destroys or neutralizes bacteria, viruses, or other harmful toxins.
  3. Immunity, activated defense after the innate response that ensures you will have better protection from a specific pathogen each time you encounter it, and develops over your lifetime.
  4. any substance (on the cell surface or in the fluid) that can elicit a response to stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies
  5. cells, cells that engulf foreign cells or molecules & debris from dead cells to help rid the body of foreign invaders.

13 Clues: agents that cause disease, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or others • Disease, diseases caused when an organism’s own immune system attacks its own cells. • System, network of vessels tissues and organs that helps circulate fluid throughout the body. • ...

protist and cell crossword 2020-04-15

protist and cell crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. single celled aquatic organism
  2. an organism made from plant cells
  3. arm like cell membrane
  4. a single celled organism
  5. a living cell
  6. organisms that have an enclosed nucleus
Down
  1. protection for the cell body
  2. green single celled water organism
  3. an organism made from animal cells
  4. single celled animal
  5. unicellular organism that lacks a membrane
  6. powerhouse of a cell
  7. a living structure of cells
  8. organelle in eukaryotic cells

14 Clues: a living cell • single celled animal • powerhouse of a cell • arm like cell membrane • a single celled organism • a living structure of cells • protection for the cell body • organelle in eukaryotic cells • single celled aquatic organism • an organism made from plant cells • green single celled water organism • an organism made from animal cells • ...

Katerini Lavidis n9954481 2017-08-28

Katerini Lavidis n9954481 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The dna occurs in a single loop called a
  2. a thread-like structure used for movement
  3. Hair like appendage found on the outside of cells
  4. Archea lack membrane bound _______
  5. the amount of cells in the organism
  6. unable to see with the human eye
  7. molecules that make up membranes
  8. structures that bind RNA to synthesise proteins
Down
  1. a rigid outer layer
  2. self replicating material that contains genetic information
  3. Archea are important in ______ cycling
  4. a word that describes the living conditions of archea cells
  5. how archea cells reproduce
  6. a word describing the amount of cells in the organisms

14 Clues: a rigid outer layer • how archea cells reproduce • unable to see with the human eye • molecules that make up membranes • Archea lack membrane bound _______ • the amount of cells in the organism • Archea are important in ______ cycling • The dna occurs in a single loop called a • a thread-like structure used for movement • structures that bind RNA to synthesise proteins • ...

Cell - Crossword sheet 2024-06-05

Cell - Crossword sheet crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Organelle that packs proteins
  2. Tail-like structure that functions in movement
  3. Organelle that provides turgidity to plant cells
  4. Permeability of cell membrane
  5. Cell wall is made up of ____
  6. Spherical organelle that make protein
  7. Special molecule that provides energy for a cell's activities
  8. The cell's hereditary material
  9. Outer covering of Vacuole
  10. The control center of a cell
  11. The viscous fluid inside a cell
Down
  1. Photosynthetic organelle in plants
  2. Cells that have a central nucleus and a complicated inner structure
  3. Located in animal cell near nucleus
  4. Barrier between the inside of a cell and its environment
  5. Cells that do not have a nucleus
  6. Instrument used to view cells
  7. Organelle that break down food molecules to make ATP

18 Clues: Outer covering of Vacuole • Cell wall is made up of ____ • The control center of a cell • Organelle that packs proteins • Permeability of cell membrane • Instrument used to view cells • The cell's hereditary material • The viscous fluid inside a cell • Cells that do not have a nucleus • Photosynthetic organelle in plants • Located in animal cell near nucleus • ...

bio quiz 2023-10-23

bio quiz crossword puzzle
Across
  1. - the process by which a eukaryotic cell divides into two identical daughter cells
  2. - process where molecules are moved out of the cell by vesicles that fuse the with the plasma membrane.
  3. - cell crenation; cells shrink and shrivel
  4. - destruction of a cell; cells swell and burst
  5. - point where the chromatids are joined
  6. - is considered the father of biology because he was the first to develop a systematic approach to studying plants and animals.
  7. - cell division during the early stages of the embryo’s development after fertilization, dividing the zygote completely into daughter cells or blastomeres
  8. - a process in embryonic development that transforms a single-layered structure into multiple layers, each with specific roles in forming tissues and organs.
  9. - there is no net movement of water molecules in a selectively permeable membrane in this solution.
Down
  1. - process where cells ingest macromolecules, and large particles like bacteria
  2. - process where cells ingest external fluid
  3. – stage when the cytoplasm divides and organelles are distributed into the two new cells
  4. - The plasma membrane’s characteristic to allow some substances to pass through while blocking others
  5. - a solid ball of cells resulting from the division of a fertilized ovum, and from which a blastula is formed.
  6. - stage when the chromatids align in the middle of the cell and the centrosomes are on the opposite poles

15 Clues: - point where the chromatids are joined • - cell crenation; cells shrink and shrivel • - process where cells ingest external fluid • - destruction of a cell; cells swell and burst • - process where cells ingest macromolecules, and large particles like bacteria • - the process by which a eukaryotic cell divides into two identical daughter cells • ...

Cool 2016-11-20

Cool crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Chemotherapy aims to shrink ____ cell populations, which accumulate mutations as they rapidly proliferate.
  2. An activation of EBV in the patient’s body led ___ to start replicating and translating the virus’s DNA in the cytoplasm of the host cell.
  3. This is a deletion of the middle portion of a chromosome which may result in the production of a fusion protein.
  4. These are pancreatic cells that produce insulin and are sustained through the diffusion of nutrients from surrounding microvessels.
  5. Vinyl chloride is a carcinogen found in the ___ industry.
  6. Neurofibromas result from the transformation of Schwann cells, which are part of the ___.
  7. This is a condition that may result in an increase in organ/tissue size due to proliferating cells.
  8. This does not generally form polyps because this type of cancer usually spreads/develops very fast.
  9. Invading cells can hitch a ride on these and gain access to the lymphatic and circulatory systems.
  10. Alterations in this protein’s expression affects vesicle trafficking, causing cells to gain motility, thus giving individuals a higher predisposition to cancer.
  11. Another name for the cells that make up the connective tissue of the body’s nervous system.
  12. This is secreted by enterochromaffin cells. Excessive secretion may cause an individual to experience diarrhea and dehydration.
  13. When these cells are transformed, they can result in benign growths called neurofibromas in the PNS.
  14. Enzymes that degrade the ECM around hyperplastic cells as they flip the angiogenic switch.
  15. Type of cytokine involved in paraneoplastic syndromes.
  16. The survival rate of small cell carcinoma is unfortunately very ___.
  17. A compound that facilitates a neoplastic clone to invade/metastasize to other areas by breaking down the stroma.
  18. This is the buildup of dense fibrous tissue in the body due to paracrine signaling.
  19. A rare inherited autosomal ___ mutation can often predispose individuals to a single type of cancer that usually occurs at elevated frequencies in relatives. One example is breast cancer.
  20. This is secreted by epithelial cells when tissue is wounded, which then signals fibroblasts to reconstruct that tissue.
  21. A process that occurs during the remodeling phase of normal wound healing, in which a mature somatic cell of one type becomes another type.
  22. This is a type of cancer that starts in the cells of the immune system.
  23. Cancer site of lowest risk in the UK.
  24. A transcription factor that increases the expression of cyclin-D genes when it is upregulated.
  25. In the ileocecal valve carcinoid case study, tumor nests were found in this layer of the ileocecal valve.
  26. A type of cell atrophy that occurs in the stomach and is usually associated with H. pylori.
  27. The expression of these factors allows for the survival of normal cells during low oxygen conditions.
  28. Bone cells that work during bone repair, specifically to break down old tissue.
  29. This type of cell is found in the small intestines.
Down
  1. A proliferating mass of cells which may be benign or malignant.
  2. True or false? A mutation may cause a TAC to convert back into a stem cell, disrupting cellular evolution.
  3. A type of protease that characterizes the PRSS3 gene.
  4. Cells in the intestinal glands secrete this substance.
  5. Adenomas originate in this area.
  6. See attached image. This process is an example of ___.
  7. A DNA virus that persists as episomes and may lead to Kaposi’s sarcoma.
  8. This type of cancer has a bimodal age distribution.
  9. A type of cell that is secreted during chronic inflammation which typically suppresses the function of T-cells.
  10. Germ line stem cells are ___-potent, meaning that they continue, throughout their lifetimes, to produce just one cell type.
  11. A neuropeptide implicated in paraneoplastic syndrome that causes flushing.
  12. An embryonic protein that is secreted during various types of cancers (hepatic, colonic, rectal, pancreatic, and gastric). It is characteristic of de-differentiated and aggressive carcinomas.
  13. An occupational factor that serves as an agent of carcinogenesis.
  14. To test for tumorigenicity in vivo, the ___ model is used.
  15. This is a type of tumor that arises from neuroendocrine cells.
  16. An endoparasite associated with bladder cancer.
  17. A hormone that reduces the risk of breast cancer in women.
  18. The ___ Core Lesion is a sign of wounding localized in the lumen of the descending colon. This is detected by conducting a barium enema.
  19. Prefix signifying the ileum.
  20. A deficiency in ___ acid may contribute to the onset of colon cancer.
  21. This is the mutation that results in the mutated allele overriding the wild type allele.
  22. This is a type of cancer that begins in connective tissue, like cartilage.
  23. In the uterine cervix, the immature dividing cells produced from the stratum basale secrete this molecule.
  24. Gram negative bacteria responsible for nosocomial respiratory infections.
  25. Death of a tissue, due to excessive cell death. This may be triggered by low blood flow, cell damage, or disease.
  26. The domain on tyrosine kinase receptors that contains catalytic activity.
  27. These cells are associated with neurons releasing hormones into the blood, to stimulate other cells.
  28. See attached image. These images contain a common structure called a ___.
  29. This is the name for the translocation that takes place between chromosomes 9 and 22.
  30. The ___ Border is where normal skin and lip meet.
  31. An endogenous stressor, characterized by reduced oxygenation to tissues, that contributes to the onset of cancer.
  32. Excessive intake of this substance contributes to the dominance of stomach cancer in Japan.
  33. Benzene, a notable carcinogen, is an aromatic chemical compound also known as an ___.
  34. A vein that cancers use to travel to the liver and then, the brain.
  35. A type of cell in the stroma that secretes collagen and other fibers.
  36. Another name for Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11.
  37. A benign tumor that occurs in the secretory epithelium.
  38. Spindle shaped cells frequently seen in sarcomas.
  39. In recent history, this carcinogenic predisposed the British demographic to skin or lung carcinoma.
  40. A prefix meaning “muscle.”
  41. Localized areas of hyperkeratosis associated with a very high risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

70 Clues: A prefix meaning “muscle.” • Prefix signifying the ileum. • Adenomas originate in this area. • Cancer site of lowest risk in the UK. • An endoparasite associated with bladder cancer. • The ___ Border is where normal skin and lip meet. • Spindle shaped cells frequently seen in sarcomas. • This type of cancer has a bimodal age distribution. • ...

Chapter 10 Crossword 2023-12-01

Chapter 10 Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. pertaining to the destruction of blood cells
  2. suturing of the spleen
  3. enlargement of the spleen
  4. process in which some of the white blood cells destroy the invading microorganism and old cells
  5. reduction in the amount of red blood cells in the blood
  6. systemic infection
  7. excision of the thymus
  8. white blood cell
  9. formation of bone marrow
Down
  1. branch of medicine dealing with immune system disorders
  2. drug that targets microorganism to kill or halt growth or replication
  3. a life-threatening reaction to a previously encountered antigen
  4. someone that studies and treats diseases of blood
  5. excision of lymph node
  6. blood test to measure the volume of erythrocytes
  7. surgical fixation of spleen
  8. red blood cell
  9. process of recording the lymphatic vessels

18 Clues: red blood cell • white blood cell • systemic infection • excision of lymph node • suturing of the spleen • excision of the thymus • formation of bone marrow • enlargement of the spleen • surgical fixation of spleen • process of recording the lymphatic vessels • pertaining to the destruction of blood cells • blood test to measure the volume of erythrocytes • ...

Chapter 7- Blood 2025-03-17

Chapter 7- Blood crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Stem cells that divide and produce blood cells
  2. protiens on the surface of blood cells
  3. reduction in platelet number
  4. binds to lipids (plasma protien)
  5. transfusion administration of blood directly into bloodstream of another person.
  6. first “on the scene” to fight infection
  7. mature RBCs
  8. forms of blood cancer characterized by overproliferation of white blood cells
Down
  1. play an essential role in blood clotting
  2. infection of blood by bacteria or viruses
  3. transform into macrophages
  4. cytoplasmic granules that contain histamine
  5. important role in blood clotting
  6. include antibodies that fight infections (plasma protien)
  7. liquid component of blood
  8. Myeloma form of cancer involving the overproliferation of plasma
  9. yellowing of the skin
  10. important role in the immune response

18 Clues: mature RBCs • yellowing of the skin • liquid component of blood • transform into macrophages • reduction in platelet number • important role in blood clotting • binds to lipids (plasma protien) • important role in the immune response • protiens on the surface of blood cells • first “on the scene” to fight infection • play an essential role in blood clotting • ...

Neurons & Synapses 2023-01-10

Neurons & Synapses crossword puzzle
Across
  1. occurs when K+ begins to move out of the cell until membrane potential becomes less than resting potential
  2. convert info from receptor cells into electrical signals
  3. cell body of the neuron
  4. sodium-potassium pump requires ___ to move materials
  5. acetylcholine is an example of a ___
  6. the movement of action potentials along the axon is called ___
  7. combines with the acetyl group to produce acetylcholine
  8. action potentials move along the ___
  9. the potential that occurs when the neurons send electrical signals
Down
  1. junction between nerve cells
  2. occurs in a cell when sodium channels open and sodium diffuses into cells
  3. a neurotransmitter important for muscle movement, learning, memory, and attention.
  4. ions 2 of these move into cells through the sodium-potassium pump
  5. sodium-potassium pump moves materials ___ the concentration gradient
  6. nerve cell
  7. that type of signals that are transmitted through the nervous system
  8. the potential in which a neuron is not firing
  9. ions 3 of these move out of cells through the sodium-potassium pump

18 Clues: nerve cell • cell body of the neuron • junction between nerve cells • acetylcholine is an example of a ___ • action potentials move along the ___ • the potential in which a neuron is not firing • sodium-potassium pump requires ___ to move materials • combines with the acetyl group to produce acetylcholine • convert info from receptor cells into electrical signals • ...