immunity Crossword Puzzles
Lymphatic System & Immunity 2021-10-20
Across
- another term for specific immunity
- body receives antibodies in ___ immunity
- ___ immunity occurs through antibodies
- filters blood instead of lymph
- fluid carried through lymphatic system
- ____duct opens into left subclavian vein
- subtype of T-cell that assists B-cells
- lymph leaves node by ____capillary
- attraction to site of injury by chemicals
- lymph enters node by ____ capillary
Down
- engulfment of pathogens
- tissue response to injury or infection
- another term for antibody (class)
- transformation of B-cells into ___ cells
- body produces antibodies in ___ immunity
- a substance that elicits immune response
- a disease-causing agent
- barriers forms ____ line of defense
- when lymph accumulates in tissue spaces
- T-cell specialization occurs here
20 Clues: engulfment of pathogens • a disease-causing agent • filters blood instead of lymph • another term for antibody (class) • T-cell specialization occurs here • another term for specific immunity • lymph leaves node by ____capillary • barriers forms ____ line of defense • lymph enters node by ____ capillary • tissue response to injury or infection • ...
Immune System Vocab 2023-10-27
Across
- Causes Runny nose and Sneezing
- White Blood Cell
- Absorbs Bacteria
- Fights foregin substances in blood
- A protein in Tears saliva and Mucus
- Call B-Cells
- fission Splitting cells as apposed to Sexual Reproduction
- Makes the Skin to hot for foreign bodies to live
Down
- immunity Given Immunity
- Sickeness
- Attacks bacteria
- Triggers bodys immune responce
- membranes Catches Viruses
- cell Transformed B-Cells to produce antibodies
- Mailman DNA molecule
- cell Recognises how to fight previously contracted diseases
- Barrier to protect against Viruses
- immunity Aquited Immunity
18 Clues: Sickeness • Call B-Cells • Attacks bacteria • White Blood Cell • Absorbs Bacteria • Mailman DNA molecule • immunity Given Immunity • membranes Catches Viruses • immunity Aquited Immunity • Causes Runny nose and Sneezing • Triggers bodys immune responce • Fights foregin substances in blood • Barrier to protect against Viruses • A protein in Tears saliva and Mucus • ...
Immunity Review 2019-04-16
Across
- a group of immunosuppressant drugs
- immunity from one person to another
- similar to natural cortisol
- healthy organ received from one person to another
- anything recognized as foreign to the body
- must enter the cell to reproduce
- disease from development of antibodies against self-cells
- immunity from mother to baby via placenta
- biological preparation with disease-causing organism
Down
- can occur 1-2 weeks after transplant
- a measure of how well a bug can invade and persist
- given to prevent normal immune response
- way to measure antibodies
- disease occurring from re-activation of a virus
- vaccine that uses toxoid to stimulate immunity
- immunity from invasion of a foreign organism
- what B-cells make
- a risk when taking immunosuppressants
- immunity that occurs when body recognizes an organism that re-invades
19 Clues: what B-cells make • way to measure antibodies • similar to natural cortisol • must enter the cell to reproduce • a group of immunosuppressant drugs • immunity from one person to another • can occur 1-2 weeks after transplant • a risk when taking immunosuppressants • given to prevent normal immune response • immunity from mother to baby via placenta • ...
Immunity 2024-03-20
Across
- Bacterial disease of potatoes
- Type of phagocyte
- On surface of pathogen
- Makes perforin
- Made by mast cells
- Receptor on T Helper cells
- Tags a pathogen
Down
- Personalised medicine
- Break of the skin
- When the immune system attacks self cells
- Made by B Plasma cells
- Can cause increase in body temperature
- When you have made antibodies and memory T and B cells
13 Clues: Makes perforin • Tags a pathogen • Break of the skin • Type of phagocyte • Made by mast cells • Personalised medicine • Made by B Plasma cells • On surface of pathogen • Receptor on T Helper cells • Bacterial disease of potatoes • Can cause increase in body temperature • When the immune system attacks self cells • When you have made antibodies and memory T and B cells
Immunity 2020-09-04
Across
- the body system that fights disease is the _____ system.
- a disease caused by bacteria.
- change what you eat into substances your body can use.
- small pieces of organic material that cause illness
- enter by force and large numbers
- preventive medicine, administer a vaccine.
- illness, failed health
Down
- very very tiny organisms that often causes illness
- medicine that kills bacteria
- painful because of illness or too much use
- keep someone or something safe
- physical or mental indicator of illness
- smallest unit of life
13 Clues: smallest unit of life • illness, failed health • medicine that kills bacteria • a disease caused by bacteria. • keep someone or something safe • enter by force and large numbers • physical or mental indicator of illness • painful because of illness or too much use • preventive medicine, administer a vaccine. • very very tiny organisms that often causes illness • ...
Rose 2017-02-23
Across
- cells produced by thymus,actively participates in immune response
- immunity Immunity that occurs naturally
- neutralize pathogens
- organ responsible for the production and removal of blood cells
- immunity immunity that develops after exposure to a suitable agent
- fluid fluid that surrounds tissue cells
- form of small leukocyte
Down
- two small masses of lymphoid tissue in the throat
- duct largest lymphatic vessel
- acquired immunity immunization by the injection of antibodies
- stimulate an individual's immune system to develop adaptive immunity to a pathogen.
- white blood cell in connective tissue
- cells produces antibodies
- produces T cells for the immune system
- vessel network of thin tubes that carry lymph and white blood cells
15 Clues: neutralize pathogens • form of small leukocyte • cells produces antibodies • duct largest lymphatic vessel • white blood cell in connective tissue • produces T cells for the immune system • immunity Immunity that occurs naturally • fluid fluid that surrounds tissue cells • two small masses of lymphoid tissue in the throat • ...
Crossword Chaos 2023-10-30
Across
- Name of First Individual Immunity Challenge
- The Fifth Member of the Jury
- The item Amy won at the auction (hint: it was a mystery item)
- Total Number of Votes Cast BEFORE Merge (including tiebreaker votes)
- Placed 12th this season
- Name of an OG Tribe
- - Sunset Org BLANK BLANK
- The Item Red Won At The Auction
- The Name of the Previous Immunity Challenge
Down
- Number of votes casted at the FIRST merge tribal council
- The First Member of the Jury
- Won the "Entanglement" Immunity Challenge
- The only player to STRIKEOUT of this season
- How Many Idols Were Played This Season
- Where People's Games Come To An End
- How Many jurors will there be at Final Tribal Council?
- Those Who Have The Final Say
- The 4th Tribe Immunity Challenge
- A player who was voted out with EXACTLY 2 votes against them
- Another word for "Safety" in this game
- Unscramble this Word - AIVVLRSU
- Name of an OG Tribe
22 Clues: Name of an OG Tribe • Name of an OG Tribe • Placed 12th this season • - Sunset Org BLANK BLANK • The Fifth Member of the Jury • The First Member of the Jury • Those Who Have The Final Say • Unscramble this Word - AIVVLRSU • The Item Red Won At The Auction • The 4th Tribe Immunity Challenge • Where People's Games Come To An End • How Many Idols Were Played This Season • ...
immunity and the lymphatic system 2013-09-17
Across
- largest lymph organ
- abbreviation for the disease in which the body produces antibodies to the synovial membrance
- antigen presenting cells
- type of immunity that occurs when an individual responds to an antigen and produced own antibodies
- physical barrier to invading microbes
- cell eating process
- chemical attraction of leucocytes to an area of inflammation
- empties lymph into the left subclavian vein
- the number of antigens each t and b lymphocyte can respond to
- enlargement of the spleen
Down
- lymphocytes are released into the blood stream from here
- white blood cell involved in immunity
- processed in the bone marrow, their role is the production of antibodies
- malignant tumours of the lymphoid tissue
- made by mast cells released in inflammation
- destroy swallowed or inhaled antigens
- type of immunity where individuals are given immunity by someone else
- produced by the thymus gland, activated by the presence of antigens and provide cell mediated immunity
- clear watery fluid
- caused by human immunodeficiency virus
20 Clues: clear watery fluid • largest lymph organ • cell eating process • antigen presenting cells • enlargement of the spleen • white blood cell involved in immunity • destroy swallowed or inhaled antigens • physical barrier to invading microbes • caused by human immunodeficiency virus • malignant tumours of the lymphoid tissue • made by mast cells released in inflammation • ...
CHALLENGES 2024-01-24
Across
- A necklace often symbolizes this type of immunity
- Sat out of the most challenges in their career
- Sandra's specialty
- The great challenge equalizer
- Name of the challenge rehearsal squad
- How contestants are told about challenges
- A tribe controversially did this to a challenge in China
- The first tribe to lose every immunity challenge
- The most coveted challenge prize to win
- Only player to be voted out at a challenge
- Sat out of the most challenges in one season
Down
- A popular ocean challenge that leaves contestants short of breath
- Often the most sought-after prize for a reward challenge reward
- Oftentimes the reward offered during the first challenge of the season
- In earlier seasons, Survivors were able to win this during a late-game challenge
- A common Probst challenge phrase
- Most career individual immunity wins
- Going, going, gone
- First Survivor tribe to win a challenge
- This tribe opted to go to tribal council even though they won the immunity challenge
20 Clues: Sandra's specialty • Going, going, gone • The great challenge equalizer • A common Probst challenge phrase • Most career individual immunity wins • Name of the challenge rehearsal squad • First Survivor tribe to win a challenge • The most coveted challenge prize to win • How contestants are told about challenges • Only player to be voted out at a challenge • ...
COVID! 2021-12-11
20 Clues: PPE • CDC • Delta • Pfizer • Omicron • Moderna • Zoonotic • Epidemic • Outbreak • Immunity • Quarantine • Ventilator • Coronavirus • Communicable • Asymptomatic • Confirmed Case • dr Anthony Fauci • Social Distancing • Flattening the curve • World Health Organization
Immunity 2013-02-25
Across
- cells/ After having the chicken pox, _______ would remain in the body, enabling it to respond quickly and efficiently to subsequent infections of meetings with the same antigen.
- cells/ The immune cells involved in allergic reactions, especially in the lining of the nasal passages, causing sneezing and runny noses ___________.
- A substance capable of provoking an immune response, not normally present in the body
- __________ disorders are characterized by the excessive or inappropriate activation of the immune system.
- cells/ Antibody producing machines that produces a huge number of immunoglobulin are called __________.
- The most common overreactions of the immune system are known as ____________.
Down
- Antibodies are also known as ____________.
- is mediated by secreted molecules and is the main defense against extracellular microbes.
- The basic functional unit of the immune system is the ___________.
- involves the supplementation or stimulation of a host’s own immune response, often through the use of intravenous immune globulin
- Disorders of the __________ system compromise the effectiveness of the innate immune system.
- The injection of weakened pathogens to produce immunity is a(n) __________.
12 Clues: Antibodies are also known as ____________. • The basic functional unit of the immune system is the ___________. • The injection of weakened pathogens to produce immunity is a(n) __________. • The most common overreactions of the immune system are known as ____________. • A substance capable of provoking an immune response, not normally present in the body • ...
Immunology 2018-02-20
Across
- Engulfs and ingests dead cells in the blood stream only.
- The type of immunity we develop over time.
- All of these are part of the "Phil Family".
- A monocyte becomes this when it leaves the blood stream.
- Attach to the pathogen and kill them.
- Mark the pathogen; the snitch.
- Produce inflammation.
Down
- Make antibodies to attach to antigens to kill them.
- The type of immunity you are born with.
- These form pus.
- The study of the immune system.
- Release histamine.
- Another name for Innate Immunity.
- A type of artificial adaptive immunity.
- The type of immunity we "borrow" from another.
- The Immune System can be compared to this.
16 Clues: These form pus. • Release histamine. • Produce inflammation. • Mark the pathogen; the snitch. • The study of the immune system. • Another name for Innate Immunity. • Attach to the pathogen and kill them. • The type of immunity you are born with. • A type of artificial adaptive immunity. • The type of immunity we develop over time. • The Immune System can be compared to this. • ...
SRorgs Season 21 Challenge 2019-07-11
Across
- had two strikes before his elimination
- Muto's tribe color
- the location of this season
- had the lowest score in the second immunity of those who submitted
- the second immunity
- Saza who got a strike in the second immunity
Down
- the part of the first challenge that Vui and Matt completed
- this season is Back to ______
- Muto who got a strike in the second immunity
- Saza's tribe color
- never joined the server
- had the highest score in the second immunity
- the third person to quit
- the first person voted out
14 Clues: Saza's tribe color • Muto's tribe color • the second immunity • never joined the server • the third person to quit • the first person voted out • the location of this season • this season is Back to ______ • had two strikes before his elimination • Muto who got a strike in the second immunity • had the highest score in the second immunity • ...
Immunity 2020-07-16
Across
- i've a digestive enzyme called papain that has anti-inflammatory effects.
- a favourite energy booster of a famous cartoon character
- i've a twin brother whose name contains a flower
- it is valued in fighting infection with a heavy concentration of sulfur-containing compounds, such as allicin and also majorly used with ginger
- i'm an extract from a flower which always faces the sun and i'm an healthy and tasty addition to the salads
- i'm the mostly used spice in every household and i turn the dishes to yellow
Down
- Add my slices to a sandwich, make guacamole, or top a healthy salad with cubes or a milkshake.
- fruits filled with Vitamin C and increase the production of white blood cells, which are key to fighting infections.
- contain almost 3 times as much vitamin C and also a rich source of beta carotene. A Bell
- i'm the main source of living, i'll keep you hydrated
- a type of fish which can be eaten raw, seared, or grilled, or sandwiches and salads.
- a popular dairy product that's made by the bacterial fermentation of milk.
12 Clues: i've a twin brother whose name contains a flower • i'm the main source of living, i'll keep you hydrated • a favourite energy booster of a famous cartoon character • i've a digestive enzyme called papain that has anti-inflammatory effects. • a popular dairy product that's made by the bacterial fermentation of milk. • ...
Antibodies 2024-03-21
Across
- Type of immunity that results from exposure to pathogens?
- What type of molecule are antibodies?
- Type of immunity that results from the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another
- Type of immunity that results from prior exposure?
- Process by which antibodies bind to target antigens with high specificity
- Small portion of antigen that binds to antibody
- Term for binding antibodies to antigens on the surface of pathogens?
- Target of antibodies
- Antibodies are produced by
- Chain consisting of a constant and variable region
- Chain which can be kappa or lambda
- Process of identifying and neutralizing pathogens by antibodies?
Down
- Primary function of antibody
- Y-shaped structure consists of 4 what?
- Process of antibodies binding to antigens on surface of a cell
- Term of antibodies that are specific self antigens and can cause autoimmune diseases?
- Type of immunity that is present at birth
- Region identical in all the same isotype antibodies but different in antibodies of different isotypes
- Another word for antibody
- Antibody found on surface of B cells
20 Clues: Target of antibodies • Another word for antibody • Antibodies are produced by • Primary function of antibody • Chain which can be kappa or lambda • Antibody found on surface of B cells • What type of molecule are antibodies? • Y-shaped structure consists of 4 what? • Type of immunity that is present at birth • Small portion of antigen that binds to antibody • ...
Antibody Crossword by Ruth Elahi and Riya Bhatt 2024-03-21
Across
- Type of immunity that results from exposure to pathogens?
- What type of molecule are antibodies?
- Type of immunity that results from the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another
- Type of immunity that results from prior exposure?
- Process by which antibodies bind to target antigens with high specificity
- Small portion of antigen that binds to antibody
- Term for binding antibodies to antigens on the surface of pathogens?
- Target of antibodies
- Antibodies are produced by
- Chain consisting of a constant and variable region
- Chain which can be kappa or lambda
- Process of identifying and neutralizing pathogens by antibodies?
Down
- Primary function of antibody
- Y-shaped structure consists of 4 what?
- Process of antibodies binding to antigens on surface of a cell
- Term of antibodies that are specific self antigens and can cause autoimmune diseases?
- Type of immunity that is present at birth
- Region identical in all the same isotype antibodies but different in antibodies of different isotypes
- Another word for antibody
- Antibody found on surface of B cells
20 Clues: Target of antibodies • Another word for antibody • Antibodies are produced by • Primary function of antibody • Chain which can be kappa or lambda • Antibody found on surface of B cells • What type of molecule are antibodies? • Y-shaped structure consists of 4 what? • Type of immunity that is present at birth • Small portion of antigen that binds to antibody • ...
Immunity 2018-02-20
Across
- Substance that kills bacteria
- Injection used to provide immunity to microbes
- Eating this could cause microbes to enter the body
- White blood cells that remain in the blood after infection
- marker Structure of surface of microbes
- Hairs in the trachea that waft microbes
Down
- The blood cell that forms part of the immune system
- Microbes that cause infection
- Substance produced by white blood cells
- Covers the whole body and defends against microbes
- To absorb and digest microbes
- Vaccines contain a ........ or weakened microbe
12 Clues: Microbes that cause infection • Substance that kills bacteria • To absorb and digest microbes • Substance produced by white blood cells • marker Structure of surface of microbes • Hairs in the trachea that waft microbes • Injection used to provide immunity to microbes • Vaccines contain a ........ or weakened microbe • Eating this could cause microbes to enter the body • ...
Immunity 2023-05-17
Across
- an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat
- bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.
- a damaging immune response by the body to a substance
- move or transfer (something) to another place or situation
- results when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease
- the short-term immunity which results from the introduction of antibodies from another person or animal.
- the immune system's way of protecting the body against an infectious disease
Down
- A type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood
- A type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood and lymph tissue
- a toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body
- a substance used to stimulate immunity to a particular infectious disease or pathogen,
- a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen
12 Clues: a damaging immune response by the body to a substance • move or transfer (something) to another place or situation • bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease. • A type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood • a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen • ...
Adaptive Imm-1 spr21 2021-05-05
Across
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antibody (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- the MHC molecule on cell surfaces holds this form of antigen for display or presentation
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each T cell unique from another, before activation
- stem of antibody molecule
- name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells
- type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response
- MHC class on surface of host cell infected with virus
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each B cell unique from another, before activation
- name for a differentiated immune cell that produces specific antibody proteins in great amounts
- every lymphocyte is this, before selection
Down
- this adaptive immune cell has the central role to activate other immune cells
- way of getting adaptive immunity with human intervention (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- this type of adaptive immune cell does the actual “end” work (activating, killing, making antibodies)
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antigen (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- when a selected, specific, unique T or B cell is activated and proliferates, you get many _____ of the cell.
- T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity
16 Clues: stem of antibody molecule • every lymphocyte is this, before selection • name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells • T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity • MHC class on surface of host cell infected with virus • type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response • ...
MI FUN TIME 2023-01-28
Across
- What does the D stand for in DTap.
- What does the A stand for in DTap.
- This is an example of passive immunity.
- This pathogen cannot be prevent by wearing a mask.
- This type of vaccine uses a particular part of germs to build immunity.
- These cells make antibodies.
- What does the R stand for in MMR?
- In this type of immunity the antibodies are obtained from someone else.
- Rotavirus infects what system of the body?
- This disease kills your immune system's memory cells.
Down
- This STD commonly affects the liver.
- In this type of immunity you make the antibodies yourself.
- name the most common component of the innate immune system (hint; Largest organ in the body)
- This vaccine protects against the chickenpox.
- Also known as swine flu.
- This type of vaccine utilizes small doses of live weakened germs.
- This type of vaccine contains neutralized _____ from a pathogen.
- In ______ immunity an individual isn't born with it instead it develops over their lifetime.
- Kills infected cells.
- Ligase glue pieces of ____ together.
20 Clues: Kills infected cells. • Also known as swine flu. • These cells make antibodies. • What does the R stand for in MMR? • What does the D stand for in DTap. • What does the A stand for in DTap. • This STD commonly affects the liver. • Ligase glue pieces of ____ together. • This is an example of passive immunity. • Rotavirus infects what system of the body? • ...
Disease & Immunity 2015-06-03
Across
- Disease spread by ticks
- Serum used to enhance immunity against diseases
- To contaminate or taint
- Person who is carrier of disease and spreads to others
- Protein made in response to specific antigen
- Developed polio vaccine
- Micro-Organism that causes disease
- Indicates infection in the body
- Long term sickness or disease
Down
- A sign of indication of something
- Process of heating a liquid to kill bacteria
- Disease transmitted from one person to another
- To spread or pass on
- Medicine used to treat infection
- Human immunodeficiency virus
- Sexually Transmitted Disease
- Substance that causes allergic reaction
- / Complex molecule that is foreign to your body
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- Disease marked by uncontrolled cell growth
20 Clues: To spread or pass on • Disease spread by ticks • To contaminate or taint • Developed polio vaccine • Human immunodeficiency virus • Sexually Transmitted Disease • Long term sickness or disease • Indicates infection in the body • Medicine used to treat infection • A sign of indication of something • Micro-Organism that causes disease • Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome • ...
Blood & Immunity 2023-01-25
Across
- Causes RBCs to be abnormally shaped; ____ cell disease
- Threads of ____ trap blood cells and plasma to form a clot
- The ratio of the volume of RBCs to the total blood volume
- Complete Blood Count
- The shape of an RBC
- The stopping of the flow of blood
- Systolic/Diastolic; the average is 120/80
- Blood disorder when the blood does not clot
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- Lack of healthy RBCs and hemoglobin
- Where new blood cells are created
- A type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms
- The transfer of blood into another person's circulation
- Red blood cells
- Ven/o
Down
- Based on genetic makeup
- Platelets
- Mass of coagulated liquid/blood
- Protection against disease
- Iron containing pigment found in RBCs
- A, B, AB, O
- White blood cells
- The study of blood
- Blood cancer
- Acquired during life (not born with)
- ____ is 90% water
- ____ carries oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells
- Carry blood away from the heart
- sider/o
- Fights any invading germs in the blood
30 Clues: Ven/o • sider/o • Platelets • A, B, AB, O • Blood cancer • Red blood cells • White blood cells • ____ is 90% water • The study of blood • The shape of an RBC • Complete Blood Count • Based on genetic makeup • Protection against disease • Mass of coagulated liquid/blood • Carry blood away from the heart • The stopping of the flow of blood • Where new blood cells are created • ...
Microbiology & Immunity 2022-10-12
Across
- antibodies
- the process where microorganisms are transferred into a culture medium
- long lived cells
- most common type of leucocyte; they engulf and digest bacteria
- divide into plasma cells
- y shaped proteins produced in immune response
- enzymes found in tears and other secretions capable of breaking down the cell walls of bacteria
- glycoproteins found on the surface of cells, toxins that stimulate the production of an antibody
- free from living microorganisms
- a microorganism that has been altered in someway
Down
- a common non specific response to infection involing the release of histamines that causes vasodilation, heat and soreness
- when a highproportion of the popiatipm is immune to a pathogen
- engulf pathogens by phagocytosis
- assist in both humoral and cell mediated response
- grouping of cells caused by antibodies binding to the antigen of the pathogen
- a cell displaying an antigen
- destroy pathogens by producing chemicals
- a type of RNA virus that controls the production of DNA corresponding to the viral RNA and inserts it into the host cell's DNA
- make up main cellular component of immune system. Very large nucleus
- signalling molecules
- oily substance produced by the skin which inhibits the growth of microorganisms
21 Clues: antibodies • long lived cells • signalling molecules • divide into plasma cells • a cell displaying an antigen • free from living microorganisms • engulf pathogens by phagocytosis • destroy pathogens by producing chemicals • y shaped proteins produced in immune response • a microorganism that has been altered in someway • assist in both humoral and cell mediated response • ...
Innate Immunity 2022-10-23
Across
- vasoactive molecules; histamine and serotonine
- mast cells lead to _________ which increases vascular permeability
- predominant at later stages of inflammation
- leukocyte chemotaxis --> leukocytes are drawn to areas of _______ which have increased chemockines
- ex: dendritic cells, macrophages, mast cells; pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial mediators
- Type _____ interferons: produced by virus-infected cells; non-specific response to viral infection; IFN-α & IFN-β -> inhibit viral replication & induce an antiviral state
- damages the mucopeptides in the bacterial cell wall
- leukocyte extravasation--> Migration
- _____ proteins: damage the bacterial cell wall
- leukocyte extravasation--> Adhesion
- ________ pathway: complement proteins are activated on microbial surfaces
- predominant during acute inflammation
Down
- ________ pathways: activated by antibodies that bind to microbes or other antigens
- active process of capturing and ingesting foreign objects/microorganisms
- sequestrates iron thus inhibiting bacterial growth
- breaches the cell membrane of the microbe, allowing water to rush into the cell
- present once the adaptive immune system is engaged in the response
- leukocyte extravasation --> Rolling
- ________ pathway: activated when a carbohydrate-binding plasma protein, MLB, binds to terminal mannose residues on the surface of glycoproteins
- use of oxygen and glucose increases several fold "respiratory burst"
- these cells recognize and respond to infected and stressed cells; secretion of IFN-γ -> stimulates and activates macrophages
21 Clues: leukocyte extravasation --> Rolling • leukocyte extravasation--> Adhesion • leukocyte extravasation--> Migration • predominant during acute inflammation • predominant at later stages of inflammation • vasoactive molecules; histamine and serotonine • _____ proteins: damage the bacterial cell wall • sequestrates iron thus inhibiting bacterial growth • ...
Mucosal Immunity 2022-09-08
Across
- not harmful bacteria that colonizes intestinal lumen
- TH2 cells protect against this intestinal parasite
- largest collection of immune cells
- cells that make up of the mucosal surfaces
- Most common antibody isotype in the intestine
- Which costimulatory molecule is responsible for B cell antibody isotype switching?
- process of developing a tolerant thymocyte
- stage of dendritic cell for tolerance
- cause of chronic inflammation due to gluten
- can extend processes across the epithelial layer to capture antigens
- site of intestinal IgA production
- T cell that induces tolerance to intestinal antigens
Down
- infect > 1 billion people
- IL-13 stimulates secretion of these from epithelial cells
- what type of cells can collect antigens and proteins from the intestinal lumen near Peyer's patches?
- bacteria responsible for intestinal immunity
- transports antigens from lumen to Peyer's patches
- only occurs in T cells after signal 1,2,3
- what inhibits costimulation?
- Lymph node that drains the intestine
- dendritic cells that induce inflammatory responses
- Most common antibody isotype in the respiratory tract
- this drug is used to treat food allergies
- what type of T cell produces granzymes?
- Type of signal that differentiates into Th2
- antigens, cytokines, and costimulation is needed for
26 Clues: infect > 1 billion people • what inhibits costimulation? • site of intestinal IgA production • largest collection of immune cells • Lymph node that drains the intestine • stage of dendritic cell for tolerance • what type of T cell produces granzymes? • only occurs in T cells after signal 1,2,3 • this drug is used to treat food allergies • ...
Antibodies by Riya Bhatt and Ruth Elahi 2024-03-21
Across
- Type of immunity that results from exposure to pathogens?
- What type of molecule are antibodies?
- Type of immunity that results from the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another
- Type of immunity that results from prior exposure?
- Process by which antibodies bind to target antigens with high specificity
- Small portion of antigen that binds to antibody
- Term for binding antibodies to antigens on the surface of pathogens?
- Target of antibodies
- Antibodies are produced by
- Chain consisting of a constant and variable region
- Chain which can be kappa or lambda
- Process of identifying and neutralizing pathogens by antibodies?
Down
- Primary function of antibody
- Y-shaped structure consists of 4 what?
- Process of antibodies binding to antigens on surface of a cell
- Term of antibodies that are specific self antigens and can cause autoimmune diseases?
- Type of immunity that is present at birth
- Region identical in all the same isotype antibodies but different in antibodies of different isotypes
- Another word for antibody
- Antibody found on surface of B cells
20 Clues: Target of antibodies • Another word for antibody • Antibodies are produced by • Primary function of antibody • Chain which can be kappa or lambda • Antibody found on surface of B cells • What type of molecule are antibodies? • Y-shaped structure consists of 4 what? • Type of immunity that is present at birth • Small portion of antigen that binds to antibody • ...
Immune System 2023-02-25
Across
- immunity system where the cells do the work.
- region of an antibody that is a unique amino acid sequence.
- cells with long cytoplasmic extensions; develop from precursor cells in the bone marrow.
- responsible for cell-mediated immunity.
- aka innate immunity; provides immediate, general protection against enemies.
- T cell receptor binds too hard, normal cells is marked to be killed.
- stimulates macrophages to destroy host cells that have been infected by viruses.
- blood cell marker determines positive and negative blood type.
- the ability of the vertebrate immune system to distinguish self from nonself.
- diverse group of peptides and proteins that serve as important signaling molecules.
Down
- immunity system where proteins do the work.
- display foreign antigens as well as their own surface proteins.
- granular lymphocytes that are active against tumor cells.
- come later to the infection scene, but stay longer.
- regulate immune responses by suppressing functions of certain T cells.
- aka acquired immunity; highly specific for distinct macromolecules.
- attract, activate, and direct the movement of various immune system cells.
- responsible for antibody-mediated immunity.
- the study of internal defense systems of humans and other animals.
- T cell receptor can fit with MHC.
- respond to infections by viruses or other intracellular parasites.
- first to the infection scene, but lose interest fast.
- an antibody molecule.
- an antibody with ten spots to grab enemies.
24 Clues: an antibody molecule. • T cell receptor can fit with MHC. • responsible for cell-mediated immunity. • immunity system where proteins do the work. • responsible for antibody-mediated immunity. • an antibody with ten spots to grab enemies. • immunity system where the cells do the work. • come later to the infection scene, but stay longer. • ...
Humoral Immunity 2020-09-17
Across
- A LYMPHOCYTE THAT ACTIVATES A SENSITISED B CELL
- CELLULAR PROCESS THAT DESTROYS ANTIBODY COATED CELLS
- A LYMPHOCYTE THAT RESPONDS TO A SPECIFIC ANTIGEN IN SUBSEQUENT EXPOSURES
- A PROTEIN THAT BINDS TO A SPECIFIC ANTIGEN
- PLACE WHERE B CELLS ORIGINATE
- TYPE OF IMMUNITY PRODUCED AFTER THE TRANSFER OF ANTIBODIES
- PROCESS THAT FORMS LARGE ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY COMPLEXES
- THE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT CLASSES OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS
- TYPE OF IMMUNITY THAT INVOLVES B CELLS
- UNIQUE MOLECULE THAT CAN ELICIT AN IMMUNE RESPONSE
Down
- THE PART OF AN ANTIBODY THAT BINDS TO A SPECIFIC ANTIGEN
- A LYMPHOID ORGAN FOUND IN MULTIPLE PLACES IN THE BODY
- TYPE OF IMMUNITY THAT IS SPECIFIC
- A LYMPHOCYTE THAT PRODUCES ANTIBODIES
- TYPE OF IMMUNITY THAT INVOLVES T CELLS
- ANOTHER NAME FOR AN ANTIBODY
- TYPE OF IMMUNITY PRODUCED BY ANTIBODIES AFTER EXPOSURE TO AN ANTIGEN
17 Clues: ANOTHER NAME FOR AN ANTIBODY • PLACE WHERE B CELLS ORIGINATE • TYPE OF IMMUNITY THAT IS SPECIFIC • A LYMPHOCYTE THAT PRODUCES ANTIBODIES • TYPE OF IMMUNITY THAT INVOLVES T CELLS • TYPE OF IMMUNITY THAT INVOLVES B CELLS • A PROTEIN THAT BINDS TO A SPECIFIC ANTIGEN • A LYMPHOCYTE THAT ACTIVATES A SENSITISED B CELL • THE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT CLASSES OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS • ...
Immunity 2023-05-17
Across
- an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat
- bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.
- a damaging immune response by the body to a substance
- move or transfer (something) to another place or situation
- results when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease
- the short-term immunity which results from the introduction of antibodies from another person or animal.
- the immune system's way of protecting the body against an infectious disease
Down
- A type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood
- A type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood and lymph tissue
- a toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body
- a substance used to stimulate immunity to a particular infectious disease or pathogen,
- a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen
12 Clues: a damaging immune response by the body to a substance • move or transfer (something) to another place or situation • bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease. • A type of blood cell that is made in the bone marrow and found in the blood • a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen • ...
Immunity Challenge 2015-08-18
Across
- Cook Islands fan favorite award winner
- The first unanimous winner
- The number of male winners
- Only two time winner
- You're playing for it right now.
- The first quitter
- Caribbean's blue tribe
- "Not in a __________ way, that's for sure"
- 17th Survivor season
- Amount of castaways on Season 31
- Castaways left in Caribbean
Down
- Caribbean's pink tribe
- Evacuated on Day 3
- the island introduced in Season 10
- Host's last name
- The number of days in most Survivor seasons (use a hyphen in your answer)
- The prize money is one _______ dollars
- Four time player, one time winner
- the merged tribe name in Caribbean (combined into one word)
- Season name subtitle is "The Brazilian Highlands"
- The last name of the first winner
21 Clues: Host's last name • The first quitter • Evacuated on Day 3 • Only two time winner • 17th Survivor season • Caribbean's pink tribe • Caribbean's blue tribe • The first unanimous winner • The number of male winners • Castaways left in Caribbean • You're playing for it right now. • Amount of castaways on Season 31 • Four time player, one time winner • The last name of the first winner • ...
Systemic Immunity 2023-02-23
Across
- An innate immune cell which develops from a monocyte
- The type of cell that prevents overreaction
- The abbreviation for the name of the complex used in antigen presentation
- Small cellular fragments involved in immunity as well as clotting
- Antibodies that recognise self proteins
- The cell organelle in which pathogens are digested
- The abbreviation for unstable reactive molecules released during cell death
- The molecular found in the membrane of Gram negative bacteria
- The mineral which is involved in granule release from neutrophils
- The abbreviation for protein found studded on NETs released from neutrophils
- The type of cell death which results if cells do not get survival signals
- The abbreviation for self-structures that activate cells when damaged
- The type of cell expansion which occurs to generate identical daughter cells
- Antimicrobial peptides contained within granules
- The concentration of leukocytes that appear in blood after centrifugation
Down
- A type of microvesicle used to communicate between cells
- The joining between and APC and an adaptive immune cell
- A protein which binds Iron
- An innate cell which samples the environment
- The fusion of a phagosome containing a pathogen and a lysosome containing enzymes
- The directional movement of cells
- A lymphocyte-like cell that doesn’t form memory
- the variable region of the antibody that binds to the pathogen
- The abbreviation for a conserved part of a pathogen
- A cell involved in histamine release
- The process where B cells generate diverse receptor combinations
- An immune cell which produces NETs
27 Clues: A protein which binds Iron • The directional movement of cells • An immune cell which produces NETs • A cell involved in histamine release • Antibodies that recognise self proteins • The type of cell that prevents overreaction • An innate cell which samples the environment • A lymphocyte-like cell that doesn’t form memory • Antimicrobial peptides contained within granules • ...
Blood & Immunity 2023-01-24
Across
- Platelets
- Red blood cells
- sider/o
- Iron containing pigment found in RBCs
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- ____ carries oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells
- White blood cells
- The transfer of blood into another person's circulation
- The study of blood
- Blood disorder when the blood does not clot
- The shape of an RBC
- Causes RBCs to be abnormally shaped; ____ cell disease
- Based on genetic makeup
Down
- Carry blood away from the heart
- Where new blood cells are created
- The stopping of the flow of blood
- Ven/o
- A, B, AB, O
- Systolic/Diastolic; the average is 120/80
- Fights any invading germs in the blood
- Blood cancer
- ____ is 90% water
- Acquired during life (not born with)
- Mass of coagulated liquid/blood
- The ratio of the volume of RBCs to the total blood volume
- Protection against disease
- Lack of healthy RBCs and hemoglobin
27 Clues: Ven/o • sider/o • Platelets • A, B, AB, O • Blood cancer • Red blood cells • ____ is 90% water • White blood cells • The study of blood • The shape of an RBC • Based on genetic makeup • Protection against disease • Carry blood away from the heart • Mass of coagulated liquid/blood • Where new blood cells are created • The stopping of the flow of blood • Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome • ...
Immunity Crossword 2024-03-12
Across
- Initiates blood clotting
- Blood cells that perform the function of destroying disease-causing microorganisms
- fluid that circulates within the lymphatic vessels
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus, the virus that causes A.I.D.S.
- A weakened or inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body's production of antibodies.
- a substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates an antigen that has entered the body
- An individual does not produce his or her own antibodies, but rather receives them directly from another source
- single-celled prokaryotic organism
- A disease causing agent
Down
- Cells that use phagocytosis to engulf foreign organisms
- White blood cells
- a form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens
- Defenses against any pathogen
- "Cell eating"
- Bean-shaped filters that cluster along the lymphatic vessels of the body
- White blood cells that are involved in the immune response
- A non-cellular infectious agent
- A system that protects the body from foreign substances and pathogenic organisms by producing the immune response
- A protein that, when introduced in the blood, triggers the production of an antibody
- Acute, contagious respiratory infection
20 Clues: "Cell eating" • White blood cells • A disease causing agent • Initiates blood clotting • Defenses against any pathogen • A non-cellular infectious agent • single-celled prokaryotic organism • Acute, contagious respiratory infection • fluid that circulates within the lymphatic vessels • Cells that use phagocytosis to engulf foreign organisms • ...
immunology 2022-01-13
Across
- skin proteins that chemicals can bind to
- T-Cell Mediated Hypersensitivity
- immunity that involves T and B cells
- chemical mediators involved in immunity that signal other cells to come to the site of action
- antibody mediated immunity
- cause forced apoptosis of abnormal or irregular organisms
- Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes belongs to this phospholipid derivative
- immunoglobulin produced in body surfaces
- most abundant immunoglobulin, transferred from mother to offspring
- immunoglobulin that indicates recent exposure of antigen
- immunity that is activated immediately which involves physical barriers, natural killer cells, macrophages and lacks memory
- hypersensitivity where Ag-Ab complexes are formed causing cell lysis
Down
- the body reacts with an exaggerated immune response
- a type of acquired immunity where a vaccination is involved
- a type of serology that tests for the antibodies
- release histamine during degranulation
- walls off infectious agent and damaged tissue from the rest of the body as a protective mechanism
- hypersensitivity where Antibody-antigen complexes deposited in large amounts in tissues
- bacteria that is part of the normal microflora that provide a protective mechanism
- immunity that is developed after previous exposure to the specific antigen
- produced by the body in response to a pathogen to trap and process an example is a macrophage
- immunoglobulin involved in allergic reactions (type 1 reactions), shortest half life
22 Clues: antibody mediated immunity • T-Cell Mediated Hypersensitivity • immunity that involves T and B cells • release histamine during degranulation • skin proteins that chemicals can bind to • immunoglobulin produced in body surfaces • a type of serology that tests for the antibodies • the body reacts with an exaggerated immune response • ...
Immune system 2023-03-16
Across
- a network of cells in order to help the body fight infections
- a type of white blood cell that makes antibodies
- the body is given immunity to a disease by exposing small quantities
- infects cells and can cause a disease
- cells made to get rid of certain microorganisms that have invaded someone's tissue
- introducing it to the body to produce protection to a disease
- triggers the immune system to produce antibiotics to a certain disease
- when an antibiotic does not work at killing a virus or bacteria
- any substance that makes an immune response against that substance
- a drug used to treat infections
- a group of cells that work together to protect the body
- part of the immune system that develop from stem cells in the bone marrow
- chemical barriers that are ready to protect the body
Down
- when someone is given antibiotics to a disease
- immune cell made in the bone marrow
- removes dead cells and can kill microorganisms
- immunity when infected with the actual disease
- a protein that is made by plasma cells
- a process in which a virus can predicate its DNA
- the reproduction of viruses and then they burst out into the cell
20 Clues: a drug used to treat infections • immune cell made in the bone marrow • infects cells and can cause a disease • a protein that is made by plasma cells • when someone is given antibiotics to a disease • removes dead cells and can kill microorganisms • immunity when infected with the actual disease • a type of white blood cell that makes antibodies • ...
Adaptive Imm-1 spr21 2021-05-05
Across
- MHC class on surface of host cell infected with virus
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each B cell unique from another, before activation
- when a selected, specific, unique T or B cell is activated and proliferates, you get many _____ of the cell.
- stem of antibody molecule
- name for a differentiated immune cell that produces specific antibody proteins in great amounts
- this adaptive immune cell has the central role to activate other immune cells
- T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity
- way of getting adaptive immunity with human intervention (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
Down
- type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response
- this type of adaptive immune cell does the actual “end” work (activating, killing, making antibodies)
- the MHC molecule on cell surfaces holds this form of antigen for display or presentation
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antigen (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- every lymphocyte is this, before selection
- name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antibody (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each T cell unique from another, before activation
16 Clues: stem of antibody molecule • every lymphocyte is this, before selection • name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells • T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity • MHC class on surface of host cell infected with virus • type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response • ...
Adaptive Imm-2 spr21 2021-05-05
Across
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antibody (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- the MHC molecule on cell surfaces holds this form of antigen for display or presentation
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each T cell unique from another, before activation
- stem of antibody molecule
- name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells
- type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response
- MHC class on surface of host cell infected with virus
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each B cell unique from another, before activation
- name for a differentiated immune cell that produces specific antibody proteins in great amounts
- every lymphocyte is this, before selection
Down
- this adaptive immune cell has the central role to activate other immune cells
- way of getting adaptive immunity with human intervention (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- this type of adaptive immune cell does the actual “end” work (activating, killing, making antibodies)
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antigen (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- when a selected, specific, unique T or B cell is activated and proliferates, you get many _____ of the cell.
- T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity
16 Clues: stem of antibody molecule • every lymphocyte is this, before selection • name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells • T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity • MHC class on surface of host cell infected with virus • type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response • ...
Adaptive Imm-3 spr21 2021-05-05
Across
- the MHC molecule on cell surfaces holds this form of antigen for display or presentation
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each T cell unique from another, before activation
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antibody (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells
- this adaptive immune cell has the central role to activate other immune cells
- T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity
Down
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each B cell unique from another, before activation
- type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response
- MHC class on surface of host cell infected with virus
- stem of antibody molecule
- way of getting adaptive immunity with human intervention (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- every lymphocyte is this, before selection
- this type of adaptive immune cell does the actual “end” work (activating, killing, making antibodies)
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antigen (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- when a selected, specific, unique T or B cell is activated and proliferates, you get many _____ of the cell.
- name for a differentiated immune cell that produces specific antibody proteins in great amounts
16 Clues: stem of antibody molecule • every lymphocyte is this, before selection • name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells • T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity • MHC class on surface of host cell infected with virus • type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response • ...
Blood and Immune System 2018-10-06
Across
- part of determining blood type
- blood cells are ___ in the red bone marrow
- clotting cell is
- medication to minimize immune response and required to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ
- what do you not find in whole solid blood
- condition that is a cancer
- medication taken to prevent blood clot formation
- thrombocytes
- abbreviation for an HIV-AIDS test
Down
- medication that is a steroid for treating autoimmune diseases
- immunity either inherited, genetic or acquired
- term for blood infection
- anemia caused by common vitamin deficiency
- term meaning too many red cells
- phagocytic cell
- active acquired ____ immunity, vaccine provided immunization
- active acquired ___ immunity, memory cells to protect from future exposure
- acquired immunity through the placenta, breast milk or a donor
18 Clues: thrombocytes • phagocytic cell • clotting cell is • term for blood infection • condition that is a cancer • part of determining blood type • term meaning too many red cells • abbreviation for an HIV-AIDS test • what do you not find in whole solid blood • blood cells are ___ in the red bone marrow • anemia caused by common vitamin deficiency • ...
Adaptive Imm-3 spr21 2021-05-05
Across
- this type of adaptive immune cell does the actual “end” work (activating, killing, making antibodies)
- stem of antibody molecule
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antibody (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- every lymphocyte is this, before selection
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antigen (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- this adaptive immune cell has the central role to activate other immune cells
- type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response
- way of getting adaptive immunity with human intervention (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells
Down
- the MHC molecule on cell surfaces holds this form of antigen for display or presentation
- MHC class on surface of host cell infected with virus
- when a selected, specific, unique T or B cell is activated and proliferates, you get many _____ of the cell.
- name for a differentiated immune cell that produces specific antibody proteins in great amounts
- T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each T cell unique from another, before activation
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each B cell unique from another, before activation
16 Clues: stem of antibody molecule • every lymphocyte is this, before selection • name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells • T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity • MHC class on surface of host cell infected with virus • type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response • ...
Specific Immunity 2020-12-01
Across
- this type of adaptive immune cell does the actual “end” work (activating, killing, making antibodies)
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antigen (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each B cell unique from another, before activation
- name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells
- when a selected, specific, unique T or B cell is activated and proliferates, you get many _____ of the cell.
- way of getting adaptive immunity "in the wild" (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antibody (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
Down
- the MHC molecule on cell surfaces holds this form of antigen for display or presentation
- way of getting adaptive immunity with human intervention (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response
- name for a differentiated immune cell that produces specific antibody proteins in great amounts
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each T cell unique from another, before activation
- stem of antibody molecule
- how lymphocytes start out, before selection and activation
14 Clues: stem of antibody molecule • name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells • how lymphocytes start out, before selection and activation • type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response • way of getting adaptive immunity "in the wild" (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity) • ...
Blood and Immune System 2018-10-06
Across
- part of determining blood type
- blood cells are ___ in the red bone marrow
- clotting cell is
- medication to minimize immune response and required to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ
- what do you not find in whole solid blood
- condition that is a cancer
- medication taken to prevent blood clot formation
- thrombocytes
- abbreviation for an HIV-AIDS test
Down
- medication that is a steroid for treating autoimmune diseases
- immunity either inherited, genetic or acquired
- term for blood infection
- anemia caused by common vitamin deficiency
- term meaning too many red cells
- phagocytic cell
- active acquired ____ immunity, vaccine provided immunization
- active acquired ___ immunity, memory cells to protect from future exposure
- acquired immunity through the placenta, breast milk or a donor
18 Clues: thrombocytes • phagocytic cell • clotting cell is • term for blood infection • condition that is a cancer • part of determining blood type • term meaning too many red cells • abbreviation for an HIV-AIDS test • what do you not find in whole solid blood • blood cells are ___ in the red bone marrow • anemia caused by common vitamin deficiency • ...
Blood and Immune System 2018-10-06
Across
- part of determining blood type
- blood cells are ___ in the red bone marrow
- clotting cell is
- medication to minimize immune response and required to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ
- what do you not find in whole solid blood
- condition that is a cancer
- medication taken to prevent blood clot formation
- thrombocytes
- abbreviation for an HIV-AIDS test
Down
- medication that is a steroid for treating autoimmune diseases
- immunity either inherited, genetic or acquired
- term for blood infection
- anemia caused by common vitamin deficiency
- term meaning too many red cells
- phagocytic cell
- active acquired ____ immunity, vaccine provided immunization
- active acquired ___ immunity, memory cells to protect from future exposure
- acquired immunity through the placenta, breast milk or a donor
18 Clues: thrombocytes • phagocytic cell • clotting cell is • term for blood infection • condition that is a cancer • part of determining blood type • term meaning too many red cells • abbreviation for an HIV-AIDS test • what do you not find in whole solid blood • blood cells are ___ in the red bone marrow • anemia caused by common vitamin deficiency • ...
science 2022-07-15
18 Clues: neuron • synapse • antigen • dendrite • antibody • pathogen • platelet • immunity • leukocyte • macrophage • vaccination • temporal-lobe • myelin-sheath • nerve-impulse • synaptic-cleft • action-potential • neurotransmitter • resting-potential
Immunology 2023-10-17
Across
- - Disease prevention
- - Immune attack on self
- - Inborn immunity
- - Disease-causing microorganism
- - Foreign substance identifier
- - Large immune cell
- System - Body's protection
- - Bacterial infection treatment
- - Resistance to disease
- - White blood cell
- - Fights viruses
- - Type of lymphocyte
- - Triggers allergic reaction
- - Immunization process
Down
- - Specialist in immunology
- - Microorganism invasion
- - Weakened immunity
- - Immune response
- - Cell signaling protein
- Response - Body's defense mechanism
- - White blood cell type
- Modulation - Balancing immune response
- - Fights bacteria
- Memory - Protection after exposure
- - Reduces immune activity
- - Related to immune cells
- - Y-shaped immune protein
- - Antibody type
- - Produces antibodies
- Blood Cells - Immune system cells
30 Clues: - Antibody type • - Fights viruses • - Immune response • - Inborn immunity • - Fights bacteria • - White blood cell • - Weakened immunity • - Large immune cell • - Disease prevention • - Type of lymphocyte • - Produces antibodies • - Immunization process • - Immune attack on self • - White blood cell type • - Resistance to disease • - Microorganism invasion • - Cell signaling protein • ...
Innate Immunity 2022-03-13
Across
- the body's quick and non-specicic response to many types of pathogens
- enzyme in tears that kills pathogens that land on eye.
- characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain it is the body's natural response to tissue injury or infection.
- the body's specific immunity developed overtime after exposure to some pathogen.
- sign of inflammation that can be seen as injured tissue increases in size due to increased blood flow into tissues.
- sign of inflammation caused by increased blood flow & capillary widening that can be directly felt by other people
- Includes enzymes like hydrochloric acid, pepsin, lysozyme, and sweat secretions.
- macrophages, interferons & complement, inflammation, & fever make up the ______ ______ of defense.
- symptom of inflammation that can be felt by the patient as inflammatory proteins in blood set off nociceptors in damaged or infected tissue.
- increase in set point of body temperature by the hypothalamus in order to provide hostile environment to invading pathogens. Usually a temp of 100+ F.
- chemicals secreted by lymphocytes & connective tissue cells that block viral replication & slow tumor growth.
Down
- engulfment & digestion of pathogens, foreign particles, and debris by white blood cells
- type of lymphocyte that defends the body against viruses & cancer. It secretes perforin to destroy affected cells.
- along with monocytes, this type of WBC is the most active phagocytes.
- sign of inflammation caused by increased blood flow and leaking into tissues. Can be directly seen. also called erythema
- group of proteins in body fluids that stimulates inflammation & enhances the process of phagocytocis of pathogens
- A given species is resistant to infectious diseases that affect other species.
- examples include having intact skin & hair in the nose to trap pathogens.
- substance secreted by NK cells that destroys viral infected cells or cancerous cells by perforating the cell membrane.
- low pH acid found in the stomach the kills pathogens
- enzyme in stomach that aids in killing pathogens by splitting proteins
- Skin, mucous membranes, and secretions on those structures provides the ______ ______ of defense
22 Clues: low pH acid found in the stomach the kills pathogens • enzyme in tears that kills pathogens that land on eye. • the body's quick and non-specicic response to many types of pathogens • along with monocytes, this type of WBC is the most active phagocytes. • enzyme in stomach that aids in killing pathogens by splitting proteins • ...
Immunity Bingo 2024-03-12
Across
- similar to a macrophages but is just a part of the immune system
- something that causes the immune system to react
- a type of white blood cell that creates antibodies for the body
- when antibodies are given to a person by a doctor instead of their body making it
- a part of the immune system
- the act of getting a vaccine
- a infectious microbe
- when someone is given a disease in a small portion for the body to build up an immunity
- a type of white blood cell
- the non-specific immune system and treats everything the same
- a type of white blood cell that kills microorganisms
Down
- when the body becomes immune to something from catching it enough
- when the body creates an antibody when the disease enters the body
- introduces more white blood cells and targets specific things
- another part of the immune system that fights the forign bacteria
- a substance that stops the growth and reproduction of bacteria
- what keeps your body safe from bacteria and viruses
- introduces white blood cells and starts to target what got past the first line
- something the body produces when a bacteria gets into the body
- a part of the immune system that circulates in the blood
20 Clues: a infectious microbe • a type of white blood cell • a part of the immune system • the act of getting a vaccine • something that causes the immune system to react • what keeps your body safe from bacteria and viruses • a type of white blood cell that kills microorganisms • a part of the immune system that circulates in the blood • ...
Immunity 2023-05-24
Across
- a substance that cause an allergic reaction
- a reaction when body reacts to something that's normally harmless like pollen, dust or animal fur
- release histamine to initiate inflammation
- most abundant leukocyte; phagocytic; lives 1-2 days
- a process white blood cells engulf the entire pathogens
- the precursor of macrophages;
- most of these cells reside in the lymphoid tissues
Down
- a group of responses to a tissue irritant marked by signs of redness, heat, swelling, and pain
- substances that trigger immune responses
- a type of protein molecule with immune function that is made exclusively by B cells
- associated with allergic reactions and parasitic infestations
11 Clues: the precursor of macrophages; • substances that trigger immune responses • release histamine to initiate inflammation • a substance that cause an allergic reaction • most of these cells reside in the lymphoid tissues • most abundant leukocyte; phagocytic; lives 1-2 days • a process white blood cells engulf the entire pathogens • ...
Disease & Immunity 2015-06-03
Across
- Disease spread by ticks
- Serum used to enhance immunity against diseases
- To contaminate or taint
- Person who is carrier of disease and spreads to others
- Protein made in response to specific antigen
- Developed polio vaccine
- Micro-Organism that causes disease
- Indicates infection in the body
- Long term sickness or disease
Down
- A sign of indication of something
- Process of heating a liquid to kill bacteria
- Disease transmitted from one person to another
- To spread or pass on
- Medicine used to treat infection
- Human immunodeficiency virus
- Sexually Transmitted Disease
- Substance that causes allergic reaction
- / Complex molecule that is foreign to your body
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- Disease marked by uncontrolled cell growth
20 Clues: To spread or pass on • Disease spread by ticks • To contaminate or taint • Developed polio vaccine • Human immunodeficiency virus • Sexually Transmitted Disease • Long term sickness or disease • Indicates infection in the body • Medicine used to treat infection • A sign of indication of something • Micro-Organism that causes disease • Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome • ...
11.1 Immunity 2016-02-28
Across
- Pasma cells are fused with myeloma (cancer cells) to produce these antibody producing cells.
- Produced the first vaccine from cow pox.
- Histamines can cause these responses in people- e.g. due to cat fur.
- the pathogen to phagocytes.
- The type of cell which ingests and then presents antigens.
- The type of cells found in connective tissues that secrete histamines in response to infections.
- Vaccines often used dead or .......... versions of a pathogen to stimulate and immune response.
- Process which leads to immunity through creating an immune response in a person so that memory cells remain in them and a fast response is generated if the pathogen is encountered.
- Would occur if blood group A received blood from group B donors. Would cause death.
- The first infectious disease to be eradicated by humans.
- Antibodies of one type which are produced for use in pregnancy testing kits.
- Cause and immune response and the generation of antibodies. Present on the surface of cells.
- Blood group where no additional antigens are present on the surface of cells.
- The process where antibodies make a pathogen more recognizable to
- Two words. Faster and stronger than the initial immune response due to memory cells being present.
- Two words. Remain behind after infection to trigger a fast immune response to the same antigen.
- The system which is activated by antibodies binding to pathogens and which leads to holes (perforations) being formed in the pathogen's cell membrane.
Down
- Once the desired hybridoma is selected and know to produce the correct antibody, this is used to create a lot more copies of the same cell.
- Chemicals that cause the dilation of small blood vessels and them becoming 'leaky' so that more of the immune system components can reach the area.
- The type of cell that helps the immune response by taking antigens to the correct B-cell.
- The type of cell that produces large quantities of antibodies.
- Two words. The process of selecting the correct B cell with a matching receptors to the antigen.
- The hormone which is tested for using monoclonal antibodies in pregnancy testing kits.
- Histamines cause this response which makes as area look red and swollen.
- Dangerous swelling response which can be caused in allergic reactions due to histamines.
- When antibodies can prevent toxins from harming cells.
- Histamines bind to these in the nose, causing hay fever symptoms.
- Blood group which are universal receivers and can accept blood from any group as they don't form antibodies to either A or B antigens.
- When a pathogen can cross the species barrier- eg Bird flu.
- so they are more readily engulfed. Once bound, they can
- The study of causes and consequences of disease through collection of population data.
31 Clues: the pathogen to phagocytes. • Produced the first vaccine from cow pox. • When antibodies can prevent toxins from harming cells. • so they are more readily engulfed. Once bound, they can • The first infectious disease to be eradicated by humans. • The type of cell which ingests and then presents antigens. • When a pathogen can cross the species barrier- eg Bird flu. • ...
Innate Immunity 2022-03-13
Across
- the body's quick and non-specicic response to many types of pathogens
- Includes enzymes like hydrochloric acid, pepsin, lysozyme, and sweat secretions.
- engulfment & digestion of pathogens, foreign particles, and debris by white blood cells
- macrophages, interferons & complement, inflammation, & fever make up the ______ ______ of defense.
- increase in set point of body temperature by the hypothalamus in order to provide hostile environment to invading pathogens. Usually a temp of 100+ F.
- A given species is resistant to infectious diseases that affect other species.
- chemicals secreted by lymphocytes & connective tissue cells that block viral replication & slow tumor growth.
- the body's specific immunity developed overtime after exposure to some pathogen.
- low pH acid found in the stomach the kills pathogens
- enzyme in tears that kills pathogens that land on eye.
Down
- Skin, mucous membranes, and secretions on those structures provides the ______ ______ of defense
- substance secreted by NK cells that destroys viral infected cells or cancerous cells by perforating the cell membrane.
- symptom of inflammation that can be felt by the patient as inflammatory proteins in blood set off nociceptors in damaged or infected tissue.
- sign of inflammation caused by increased blood flow & capillary widening that can be directly felt by other people
- type of lymphocyte that defends the body against viruses & cancer. It secretes perforin to destroy affected cells.
- sign of inflammation that can be seen as injured tissue increases in size due to increased blood flow into tissues.
- enzyme in stomach that aids in killing pathogens by splitting proteins
- along with monocytes, this type of WBC is the most active phagocytes.
- examples include having intact skin & hair in the nose to trap pathogens.
- group of proteins in body fluids that stimulates inflammation & enhances the process of phagocytocis of pathogens
- sign of inflammation caused by increased blood flow and leaking into tissues. Can be directly seen. also called erythema
- characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain it is the body's natural response to tissue injury or infection.
22 Clues: low pH acid found in the stomach the kills pathogens • enzyme in tears that kills pathogens that land on eye. • the body's quick and non-specicic response to many types of pathogens • along with monocytes, this type of WBC is the most active phagocytes. • enzyme in stomach that aids in killing pathogens by splitting proteins • ...
Blood & Immunity 2023-01-24
Across
- ____ carries oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells
- Platelets
- Acquired during life (not born with)
- The stopping of the flow of blood
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- The study of blood
- Lack of healthy RBCs and hemoglobin
- Based on genetic makeup
- Where new blood cells are created
- Complete Blood Count
- Systolic/Diastolic; the average is 120/80
- The transfer of blood into another person's circulation
- White blood cells
- A type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms
- Blood cancer
Down
- A, B, AB, O
- ____ is 90% water
- Blood disorder when the blood does not clot
- Ven/o
- Iron containing pigment found in RBCs
- Carry blood away from the heart
- Protection against disease
- sider/o
- Red blood cells
- The ratio of the volume of RBCs to the total blood volume
- Fights any invading germs in the blood
- Mass of coagulated liquid/blood
- The shape of an RBC
- Causes RBCs to be abnormally shaped; ____ cell disease
29 Clues: Ven/o • sider/o • Platelets • A, B, AB, O • Blood cancer • Red blood cells • ____ is 90% water • White blood cells • The study of blood • The shape of an RBC • Complete Blood Count • Based on genetic makeup • Protection against disease • Carry blood away from the heart • Mass of coagulated liquid/blood • The stopping of the flow of blood • Where new blood cells are created • ...
Immunity Crossword 2024-03-13
Across
- Any substance that causes the body to make an immune response against that substance
- defense that immune cells that target specific antigens
- an infectious microbe consisting of a segment of nucleic acid
- defense that is nonspecific resistance that destroys invaders in a generalized way without targeting specific individuals
- acquired from exposure to the disease organism through infection with the actual disease
- originate in the bone marrow
- A type of immune cell that can surround and kill microorganisms, ingest foreign material, and remove dead cells
- a protein component of the immune system that circulates in the blood, recognizes foreign substances like bacteria and viruses, and neutralizes them
- key player of the adaptive immune response that is responsible for humoral immunity in mammals
- A type of immunity that occurs when a person is given antibodies rather than making them through his or her own immune system
Down
- results when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease
- a mean by which the body is given immunity to a disease by intentional exposure to small quantities of it
- part of the immune system and develop from stem cells in the bone marrow
- responds to antigens by producing cells that directly attack the pathogen
- disrupt essential processes or structures in the bacterial cell
- defense that is he innate immune system
- help the body fight infection and other diseases
- macrophages have roles in almost every aspect of an organism's biology ranging from development, homeostasis, to repair through to immune responses to pathogens
- produce antibodies that are used to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and toxins.
- Vaccines contain weakened or inactive parts of a particular organism (antigen) that triggers an immune response within the body
20 Clues: originate in the bone marrow • defense that is he innate immune system • help the body fight infection and other diseases • defense that immune cells that target specific antigens • an infectious microbe consisting of a segment of nucleic acid • disrupt essential processes or structures in the bacterial cell • ...
Herd Immunity Crossword 2022-03-12
Across
- _______ immunity is also known as antibody-mediated immunity
- severity of disease
- the _______ immune system "remembers" pathogens so we get less sick in the future
- disease that was eliminated by herd immunity
- artificially induces the immune response
- causes disease
- can indicate possible disease
- rare pathogen consisting of infectious protein
Down
- treats disease
- white blood cell
- ____ immunity protects entire populations from infection
- the _____ immune system is the first line of defense against pathogens
- non-living and prone to mutation
- chemical messenger of the immune system
- an antibody binds to this
15 Clues: treats disease • causes disease • white blood cell • severity of disease • an antibody binds to this • can indicate possible disease • non-living and prone to mutation • chemical messenger of the immune system • artificially induces the immune response • disease that was eliminated by herd immunity • rare pathogen consisting of infectious protein • ...
Lymphatic and Immune System 2022-02-23
Across
- Immunity that you are born with; not from exposure
- Disease-causing organisms such as bacteria or viruses
- Lymphatic vessels travel in which direction to the capillaries
- a type of pneumonia common in immune compromised patients such as those with AIDS
- Immunity that is acquired from another person
- Lymph nodes located in the neck region
- Lymphatic vessels bring lymph toward this cavity
Down
- Caused by the Epstein-Barr virus
- An antibiotic resistant staph infection
- Lymph nodes located in the groin region
- Released during the cellular immunity process; attacks pathogenic cells
- Interstitial fluid that is filtered as it travels through lymphatic vessels
- Immunity that develops in response to a specific pathogen
- Released during the humoral immunity process; produces antibodies
- Lymph nodes located in the upper chest region
- Lymph nodes located in the armpit region
16 Clues: Caused by the Epstein-Barr virus • Lymph nodes located in the neck region • An antibiotic resistant staph infection • Lymph nodes located in the groin region • Lymph nodes located in the armpit region • Lymph nodes located in the upper chest region • Immunity that is acquired from another person • Lymphatic vessels bring lymph toward this cavity • ...
Week 6 Immune system overview 2021-08-12
Across
- Phagocytoses microbes
- Humoral immunity product
- Differentation flexibility
- Peripheral lymphoid organ
- Intercellular messaging system
- Asymmetric and symmetric division (2 words)
- Biochemical innate defense
- Stimulate immune system
- Transport fluid
- Generative lymphoid organ (2 words)
- From one's body (2 words)
- Innate physical barrier
- Induce an immune response
Down
- Late response (2 words)
- Innate and adaptive (3 words)
- Present antigens (2 words)
- Eliminate antigens
- Commitment
- Triggers inflammation
- Starting blood cells
- Induce disease immunity
- Drive adaptive immunity
- Reduces immune strength
- Autoimmune disease
- T cell organ
25 Clues: Commitment • T cell organ • Transport fluid • Eliminate antigens • Autoimmune disease • Starting blood cells • Phagocytoses microbes • Triggers inflammation • Late response (2 words) • Induce disease immunity • Drive adaptive immunity • Reduces immune strength • Stimulate immune system • Innate physical barrier • Humoral immunity product • Peripheral lymphoid organ • From one's body (2 words) • ...
Immunity 2013-03-11
Across
- GI friendly, NSAID
- causes lung or liver damage
- cannot be taken with dairy
- guards agains TB but should not be taken by people with HIV
- used to treat STDs
- guards against shingles
- treatment for acute flare in gout
Down
- people taking this med are at risk for infection, GI bleeding, hyperglycemia
- take full dose of medication to prevent
- Type of antibiotic that can cause hearing loss
- Major antibiotic that alters birth contorl
11 Clues: GI friendly, NSAID • used to treat STDs • guards against shingles • cannot be taken with dairy • causes lung or liver damage • treatment for acute flare in gout • take full dose of medication to prevent • Major antibiotic that alters birth contorl • Type of antibiotic that can cause hearing loss • guards agains TB but should not be taken by people with HIV • ...
Immunity 2022-06-03
Across
- proteins that your immune system makes to help fight infection and protect you from getting sick in the future.
- Has engulfed a pathogen
- producing immune cells.
- They help the body fight infection and other diseases.
- The antibody remain in the cell surface forming a ?
- a system the network of vessels through which lymph drains from the tissues into the blood.
Down
- part of the immune system that enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane.
- Are larger than neutrophils
- lymphocytes are produced in the marrow, and play an important part in the body's immune system
- A complex network of cells, tissues, organs, and the substances they make that helps the body fight infections and other diseases
- stores and filters blood and makes white blood cells that protect you from infection
11 Clues: Has engulfed a pathogen • producing immune cells. • Are larger than neutrophils • The antibody remain in the cell surface forming a ? • They help the body fight infection and other diseases. • stores and filters blood and makes white blood cells that protect you from infection • ...
Immunity 2023-12-13
Across
- When a disease spreads rapidly across a number of countries and continents
- Artificial active immunity which is injected
- Y-shaped glycoproteins which bind to a specific antigen
- enzymes in this organelle digest pathogens
- The first milk produced by a mammalian mother which is very high in antibodies
Down
- Antibodies cause pathogens to clump together
- Gland where T lymphocytes mature
- the process of pathogens being engulfed by phagocytes
- cell-signalling molecules which stimulate the specific immune system
- Chemical produced by T killer cells which kills pathogen by making holes in the cell membrane
- Chemicals which bind to pathogens and tag them so that they can be recognised by phagocytes
11 Clues: Gland where T lymphocytes mature • enzymes in this organelle digest pathogens • Antibodies cause pathogens to clump together • Artificial active immunity which is injected • the process of pathogens being engulfed by phagocytes • Y-shaped glycoproteins which bind to a specific antigen • cell-signalling molecules which stimulate the specific immune system • ...
Immunity Crossword 2015-12-02
Across
- hairs in the trachea that prevent dust from entering lungs
- one of the first lines of defense
- a nonliving pathogen
- sticky protein secreted by platelets
- increased blood flow to an injured area
- platelets form these
- one of the functions of the blood
- liquid tissue
- antibacterial enzyme found in tears
- proteins that are made to attack antigens
- scientific name for red blood cell
- pathogens name tag
- protein that dilates blood vessels
- a chemical that attracts oxygen
- a living pathogen
Down
- another name for vaccinations
- the 'fight' against pathogens
- cancer of the blood
- first line of defense in the tummy
- temporary protection against a pathogen
- misshapen blood cells
- scientific name for white blood cell
- iron containing pigment
23 Clues: liquid tissue • a living pathogen • pathogens name tag • cancer of the blood • a nonliving pathogen • platelets form these • misshapen blood cells • iron containing pigment • another name for vaccinations • the 'fight' against pathogens • a chemical that attracts oxygen • one of the first lines of defense • one of the functions of the blood • first line of defense in the tummy • ...
Altered Immunity 2016-02-21
Across
- Due to the action of _______ cells the body has a much more rapid response when re-exposed to the same antigen.
- The happens when there is an immune response due to the presense of cells from another individual.
- This type of immunity is specific and has a memory of antigens.
- These non-specific cells circulate until destroying a threatening cell they come into contact with.
- The process by which the body recognizes foreign substances and neutralizes them.
- Basophils and ____ cells work to establish an allergic reaction.
- This is given to a person to stimulate immunity through exposure to an antigen.
- A substance that induces a state of sensitivity or an immune response.
- These T lymphocytes limit the immune response.
- These develop in the bone marrow.
- These are common antigens that are usually harmless.
- These are produced and differentiated in the central organs of the lymphatic system.
- These offer greatest protection against parasites.
- These rapidly respond to bacterial infections.
Down
- This type of immunity is a rapid, first responder.
- Another name for antibodies.
- After B lymphocytes bind with an antigen, they differentiate into plasma cells and produce _____.
- These mature and fully differentiate in the thymus.
- These are "antigen presenting" cells.
- The lymphatic system _____ antigens captured by the cells of the immune system.
- These T lymphocytes activate other cells of the immune response.
- The immune response is the body's _____ line of defense.
- This happens when the body cannot recognize "self" from "nonself".
- Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are the primary cells involved in _________ immunity.
- These T lymphocytes destroy antigen carrying cells.
25 Clues: Another name for antibodies. • These develop in the bone marrow. • These are "antigen presenting" cells. • These T lymphocytes limit the immune response. • These rapidly respond to bacterial infections. • This type of immunity is a rapid, first responder. • These offer greatest protection against parasites. • These mature and fully differentiate in the thymus. • ...
Blood & Immunity 2023-01-24
Across
- Causes RBCs to be abnormally shaped; ____ cell disease
- Threads of ____ trap blood cells and plasma to form a clot
- The ratio of the volume of RBCs to the total blood volume
- Complete Blood Count
- The shape of an RBC
- The stopping of the flow of blood
- Systolic/Diastolic; the average is 120/80
- Blood disorder when the blood does not clot
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- Lack of healthy RBCs and hemoglobin
- Where new blood cells are created
- A type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms
- The transfer of blood into another person's circulation
- Red blood cells
- Ven/o
Down
- Based on genetic makeup
- Platelets
- Mass of coagulated liquid/blood
- Protection against disease
- Iron containing pigment found in RBCs
- A, B, AB, O
- White blood cells
- The study of blood
- Blood cancer
- Acquired during life (not born with)
- ____ is 90% water
- ____ carries oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells
- Carry blood away from the heart
- sider/o
- Fights any invading germs in the blood
30 Clues: Ven/o • sider/o • Platelets • A, B, AB, O • Blood cancer • Red blood cells • White blood cells • ____ is 90% water • The study of blood • The shape of an RBC • Complete Blood Count • Based on genetic makeup • Protection against disease • Mass of coagulated liquid/blood • Carry blood away from the heart • The stopping of the flow of blood • Where new blood cells are created • ...
Blood & Immunity 2023-01-25
Across
- Ven/o
- Where new blood cells are created
- Iron containing pigment found in RBCs
- The study of blood
- Systolic/Diastolic; the average is 120/80
- Mass of coagulated liquid/blood
- Causes RBCs to be abnormally shaped; ____ cell disease
- Complete Blood Count
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- Carry blood away from the heart
- The stopping of the flow of blood
- Platelets
- White blood cells
- A type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms
- Blood disorder when the blood does not clot
- A, B, AB, O
- sider/o
Down
- Based on genetic makeup
- Red blood cells
- The ratio of the volume of RBCs to the total blood volume
- Acquired during life (not born with)
- The transfer of blood into another person's circulation
- ____ is 90% water
- Blood cancer
- Protection against disease
- The shape of an RBC
- Lack of healthy RBCs and hemoglobin
- Fights any invading germs in the blood
- Threads of ____ trap blood cells and plasma to form a clot
- ____ carries oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells
30 Clues: Ven/o • sider/o • Platelets • A, B, AB, O • Blood cancer • Red blood cells • ____ is 90% water • White blood cells • The study of blood • The shape of an RBC • Complete Blood Count • Based on genetic makeup • Protection against disease • Mass of coagulated liquid/blood • Carry blood away from the heart • Where new blood cells are created • The stopping of the flow of blood • ...
Microbiology & Immunity 2022-10-12
Across
- antibodies
- the process where microorganisms are transferred into a culture medium
- long lived cells
- most common type of leucocyte; they engulf and digest bacteria
- divide into plasma cells
- y shaped proteins produced in immune response
- enzymes found in tears and other secretions capable of breaking down the cell walls of bacteria
- glycoproteins found on the surface of cells, toxins that stimulate the production of an antibody
- free from living microorganisms
- a microorganism that has been altered in someway
Down
- a common non specific response to infection involing the release of histamines that causes vasodilation, heat and soreness
- when a highproportion of the popiatipm is immune to a pathogen
- engulf pathogens by phagocytosis
- assist in both humoral and cell mediated response
- grouping of cells caused by antibodies binding to the antigen of the pathogen
- a cell displaying an antigen
- destroy pathogens by producing chemicals
- a type of RNA virus that controls the production of DNA corresponding to the viral RNA and inserts it into the host cell's DNA
- make up main cellular component of immune system. Very large nucleus
- signalling molecules
- oily substance produced by the skin which inhibits the growth of microorganisms
21 Clues: antibodies • long lived cells • signalling molecules • divide into plasma cells • a cell displaying an antigen • free from living microorganisms • engulf pathogens by phagocytosis • destroy pathogens by producing chemicals • y shaped proteins produced in immune response • a microorganism that has been altered in someway • assist in both humoral and cell mediated response • ...
Infection + Immunity 2022-05-30
Across
- antibiotic that causes mRNA codon to be misread
- S.aureus strain that is vancomycin-resistant and characterised by its thick cell wall and fewer peptidoglycan cross-links
- group of human coronaviruses that SARS-CoV2 belongs to
- when a bacterial population is susceptible to an antibiotic but isn't killed over the treatment duration
- crucial target for antifungals
- abbreviation; compound that when added to LPS lowers its charge and prevents colistin interaction
- antibiotics that interfere with mRNA binding to ribosome
- broad-spectrum antibiotics that cannot be used against Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas or enterobacteria but is highly effective against mycobacterial infections
- gene that prevents vancomycin from binding by altering antibiotic binding target
- antibiotic that blocks polypeptide exit tunnel and prevents peptide elongation
- last-line treatment option for A.baumanii infections; type of polymyxin
Down
- antibiotic that binds to 50S + inhibits peptide bond formation
- antibiotics that prevent bacterial growth
- antibiotic for M.tuberculosis which likely works by inhibiting arabinogalactan formation
- abbreviation; bacteria that are non-susceptible to at least 1 agent in all but 2 or less antimicrobial categories
- antibiotic that interacts with LPS and causes bacterial cell death
- antibiotics that kill bacteria
- when the level of activity is more than the addition of the 2 separate activities
- gene that encodes modified PBP which has low affinity for beta-lactams in MRSA
- anti-IL6 receptor antagonist typically used for severe rheumatoid arthritis but repurposed for COVID-19
- amoxicillin is often combined with XXX acid to improve antimicrobial response
21 Clues: antibiotics that kill bacteria • crucial target for antifungals • antibiotics that prevent bacterial growth • antibiotic that causes mRNA codon to be misread • group of human coronaviruses that SARS-CoV2 belongs to • antibiotics that interfere with mRNA binding to ribosome • antibiotic that binds to 50S + inhibits peptide bond formation • ...
Immunity system 2022-05-03
Across
- The __________ is part of the nonspicific immune response that occurs after bacteria has penetrated the bodies first line of defense.
- The Bcell matures into a _______.
- __________ is the hypothesis process that suggests lymphocytes have antigen receptors on their surface long before they came across an antigen.
- _________ create pores in target cells causing them to explode and die.
- having _____ blood can cause problems for women pregnant with Rh+ kids.
- The most common type of white blood cell is the ___________.
- around 85% of US residents of western European descent are ___________.
- _______ antibodies can be produced in a lab by fusing Bcells and lymphoma cells.
- ______ causes swelling and limits mobility.
- This cell has cytoplasmic extensions.
- is important when determining what type of blood would be compatible with a patient.
- T-cells are responidble for _______ immunity.
Down
- An _______ can be split up into five classes: IgG, Igd, IgE, IgM, and IgA.
- A __________ is a large phogocyte formed from monoctyes.
- this type of cell is responsible for antibody-medicated immunity.
- This is also known as specific immune response.
- A common symptom of a widespread infector is a _______.
- Nonspecific immunity is also known as________.
- Another word for antibody; the shorthand is Ig.
- This is also known as specific immune response.
20 Clues: The Bcell matures into a _______. • This cell has cytoplasmic extensions. • ______ causes swelling and limits mobility. • T-cells are responidble for _______ immunity. • Nonspecific immunity is also known as________. • This is also known as specific immune response. • Another word for antibody; the shorthand is Ig. • This is also known as specific immune response. • ...
Microbiology Crossword Module 4: Vaccinations 2023-02-09
Across
- Live attenuated vaccines usually do not cause an infection, however, when it does it is referred to as ________
- A type of vaccine that the contain genetic material of a bacteri/virus that causes the disease by which gives cells the instructions to make proteins specific to the virus
- Active immunity you acquire after antibodies build up following exposure to illness
- The chemical that is used along with heat the kills bacteria/viruses to be used by inactivated vaccines
- The _________ of a vaccine refers to its ability to protect illness in vaccinated people in a controlled setting
- Polysaccharide fractional inactive vaccines are a long chain of sugar molecules which creates a more ________ effect
- The _________ of a vaccine refers to its ability to protect people in the real worlds defying immune differences, age, and medical concerns
- Active immunity you acquire through antibodies made following a vaccination
- Passive immunity you acquire when antibodies are passed from mother to fetus
- Do polysaccharide vaccines require the activation of T-Cells
- Immunity you develop after being exposed
- Toxoid vaccines are _______ susceptible to changes
- Together, the % of people who are immune and the probability of contact contribute to _______
- The most important factor in terms of herd immunity
- Usually, live attenuated drugs only require ______ dose (with the exception of the pill for rotavirus)
Down
- In live attenuated vaccines, the immune response is _______ to the actual infection because the immune response does not differentiate
- A vaccine compromised of whole or fractional killed viruses/bacteria
- Inactivated factional vaccines can be protein based or _________ based
- Inactivated vaccines require ________ doses as the first only primes the immune system and further doses create and maintain humoral immunity
- True or false: the closer a vaccine is to the real deal the more effective it is
- This type of vaccines use the toxins that are made by other ger cells in which cause the disease ultimately leading to immunity from the toxin rather than the cell
- A type of vaccine where a weakened form of the live disease is injection
- Toxoid vaccines require ________ doses
- Passive immunity you acquire when antibodies are acquired from immune serum medicine
- Passive immunity is _____________
- Active immunity lasts a ________ time
- Immunity you acquire from someone or something else
- Polysaccharide vaccines are used in pneumonia, meningitis and _______ infections
- Vaccines that are capable of initiating a response to two different antigens at the same time therefore is a good booster vaccine
- The phenomenon whereby if enough people are vaccinated in a given population, the disease cannot spread as well the immunity has
- Live attenuated vaccines may cause severe and fatal effects of the population that is _____________
- Polyssacharide vaccines should only be used for ages ____ and older
- The intentional exposure of a pathogen in a form that cannot cause infection leads to a developed long-term protection
33 Clues: Passive immunity is _____________ • Active immunity lasts a ________ time • Toxoid vaccines require ________ doses • Immunity you develop after being exposed • Toxoid vaccines are _______ susceptible to changes • Immunity you acquire from someone or something else • The most important factor in terms of herd immunity • ...
Herd Immunity Crossword 2022-03-12
Across
- causes disease
- can indicate possible disease
- severity of disease
- white blood cell
- non-living and prone to mutation
- rare pathogen consisting of infectious protein
- artificially induces the immune response
- ____ immunity protects entire populations from infection
- _______ immunity is also known as antibody-mediated immunity
Down
- treats disease
- the _____ immune system is the first line of defense against pathogens
- the _______ immune system "remembers" pathogens so we get less sick in the future
- chemical messenger of the immune system
- an antibody binds to this
- disease that was eliminated by herd immunity
15 Clues: treats disease • causes disease • white blood cell • severity of disease • an antibody binds to this • can indicate possible disease • non-living and prone to mutation • chemical messenger of the immune system • artificially induces the immune response • disease that was eliminated by herd immunity • rare pathogen consisting of infectious protein • ...
IMMUNE SYSTEM 2023-12-20
Across
- POISONOUS SECRETIONS
- IMMUNITY PRODUCED BY ONE'S OWN BODY.
- INJECTION GIVEN WHEN BITTEN BY A POSINOUS SNAKE.
- CAUSING GERMS.
- IMMUNITY DURING LIFETIME
Down
- FOR GENERAL INFECTIONS
- INBORN IMMUNITY
- IMMUNITY FROM OUTSIDE SOURCE
- SPECIAL PROTEINS IN BLOOD
- ARTIFICIALLY ACQUIRED ACTIVE IMMUNITY
- NATURAL RESISTANCE TO PARTICULAR KIND OF GERM.
11 Clues: CAUSING GERMS. • INBORN IMMUNITY • POISONOUS SECRETIONS • FOR GENERAL INFECTIONS • IMMUNITY DURING LIFETIME • SPECIAL PROTEINS IN BLOOD • IMMUNITY FROM OUTSIDE SOURCE • IMMUNITY PRODUCED BY ONE'S OWN BODY. • ARTIFICIALLY ACQUIRED ACTIVE IMMUNITY • NATURAL RESISTANCE TO PARTICULAR KIND OF GERM. • INJECTION GIVEN WHEN BITTEN BY A POSINOUS SNAKE.
Health 2024-02-05
Across
- The administration of a vaccine to stimulate the immune system
- microorganism that carries disease
- type of white blood cell that produces antibodies
- Swimmer
- occurrence of cases of a disease in a population
- passing on a pathogen
- habitat of a pathogen
- Immunity that results from the body's own immune system
Down
- single celled organism that can be both helpful and hurtful
- defense mechanisms of the immune system that develop in response to exposure to specific pathogens
- immunity that is transferred
- organism or agent that carries and transmits a pathogen from one host to another.
- invasion of pathogens into the body
- epidemic that spreads over a large area
- submicroscopic infectious agent that requires a host cell to replicate and can cause various diseases in animals, plants, and bacteria.
- type of white blood cell that destroys infected cells
16 Clues: Swimmer • passing on a pathogen • habitat of a pathogen • immunity that is transferred • microorganism that carries disease • invasion of pathogens into the body • epidemic that spreads over a large area • occurrence of cases of a disease in a population • type of white blood cell that produces antibodies • type of white blood cell that destroys infected cells • ...
Immune System 2022-01-13
Across
- an organism that carries a pathogen
- A pathogen with a cell wall
- A pathogen that needs a host to replicate.
- Something that lymphocytes produce
- An organism that can cause disease
- ______ immunity is immunity that lasts a long time but is slow-acting
- ______ B-Cells are cells that remember the pathogen and will create a rapid immune response if the pathogen is seen again
- Type of a white blood cell that makes antibodies
Down
- pathogen in the saliva of female mosquitoes
- This is an artificial way to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity
- Mushrooms, mould and yeasts are part of this group
- Antibiotic __________ is when bacteria develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them
- The whole process of phagocytes killing the pathogens
- _______ immunity is immunity that lasts a short time but is fast-acting
- Causes the production of antibodies
- Phagocytes ______ the pathogen and digests it with enzymes
16 Clues: A pathogen with a cell wall • Something that lymphocytes produce • An organism that can cause disease • an organism that carries a pathogen • Causes the production of antibodies • A pathogen that needs a host to replicate. • pathogen in the saliva of female mosquitoes • Type of a white blood cell that makes antibodies • Mushrooms, mould and yeasts are part of this group • ...
Adaptive Immunity spr21 2021-05-03
Across
- name for a differentiated immune cell that produces specific antibody proteins in great amounts
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antigen (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity
- way of getting adaptive immunity starting with antibody (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each T cell unique from another, before activation
- stem of antibody molecule
- this adaptive immune cell has the central role to activate other immune cells
- abbreviation of the cell surface molecule that makes each B cell unique from another, before activation
Down
- type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response
- every lymphocyte is this, before selection
- when a selected, specific, unique T or B cell is activated and proliferates, you get many _____ of the cell.
- way of getting adaptive immunity with human intervention (4 ways of getting adaptive immunity)
- name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells
- this type of adaptive immune cell does the actual “end” work (activating, killing, making antibodies)
- the MHC molecule on cell surfaces holds this form of antigen for display or presentation
15 Clues: stem of antibody molecule • every lymphocyte is this, before selection • name for macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells • T cells are part of this branch of adaptive immunity • type of adaptive cell that works during a secondary immune response • this adaptive immune cell has the central role to activate other immune cells • ...
Immunity 2021-08-05
Across
- These special white blood cells 'swallow' harmful bacteria and viruses in your blood
- This can cause diseases such as athlete's foot
- These are produced by your body to kill bacteria and viruses.
- This is the cause of Covid 19 and cannot be killed by antibiotics
- This will stop people from dying of Covid 19.
Down
- These are in your nose to stop dust with bacteria from entering your lungs
- This is the medicine given by doctors to kill bad bacteria
- These living cells cause disease and can be killed by antibiotics
- This is in your stomach to kill harmful bacteria that you might eat with your food
- This type of immunity happens when 95% of the population is vaccinated.
- This is all around your body to prevent bacteria and viruses from entering your body
11 Clues: This will stop people from dying of Covid 19. • This can cause diseases such as athlete's foot • This is the medicine given by doctors to kill bad bacteria • These are produced by your body to kill bacteria and viruses. • These living cells cause disease and can be killed by antibiotics • This is the cause of Covid 19 and cannot be killed by antibiotics • ...
Immunity 2021-08-05
Across
- These special white blood cells 'swallow' harmful bacteria and viruses in your blood
- This can cause diseases such as athlete's foot
- These are produced by your body to kill bacteria and viruses.
- This is the cause of Covid 19 and cannot be killed by antibiotics
- This will stop people from dying of Covid 19.
Down
- These are in your nose to stop dust with bacteria from entering your lungs
- This is the medicine given by doctors to kill bad bacteria
- These living cells cause disease and can be killed by antibiotics
- This is in your stomach to kill harmful bacteria that you might eat with your food
- This type of immunity happens when 95% of the population is vaccinated.
- This is all around your body to prevent bacteria and viruses from entering your body
11 Clues: This will stop people from dying of Covid 19. • This can cause diseases such as athlete's foot • This is the medicine given by doctors to kill bad bacteria • These are produced by your body to kill bacteria and viruses. • These living cells cause disease and can be killed by antibiotics • This is the cause of Covid 19 and cannot be killed by antibiotics • ...
Circulation & Immunity 2014-02-11
Across
- The two lower chambers of the heart.
- A substance used to stimulate an immune response to create antibodies, to prevent future attacks from a certain pathogen.
- A foreign substance that results in an immune response from the body.
- The largest artery in the heart; supplies oxygenated blood to the circulatory system.
- When someone is given antibodies rather than producing it in their own immune system.
- Thin blood vessels used for exchange of materials.
Down
- Thick blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
- A large vein that delivers deoxygenated blood to the heart.
- Remove dead cells and bacteria.
- Controls the passage of blood in and out of the heart chambers.
- A blood protein that specializes in counteracting a specific antigen.
- Cells involved in immunity, fighting off pathogens and disease.
- Cells that contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen.
- When the immune system is triggered to create antibodies because of exposure to a disease.
- Cell fragment involved in blood clotting.
- Blood vessels that carry oxygen depleted blood towards the heart.
- The liquid part of the blood.
- The two upper chambers of the heart.
- A division that separates two chambers.
19 Clues: The liquid part of the blood. • Remove dead cells and bacteria. • The two lower chambers of the heart. • The two upper chambers of the heart. • A division that separates two chambers. • Cell fragment involved in blood clotting. • Cells that contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen. • Thin blood vessels used for exchange of materials. • ...
Adaptive Immunity 2022-09-27
Across
- Effector Th1 CD4 cell subset produce IFN gamma, activate macrophages and stimulate IgG production.
- CD8+ cells recognize intracellular antigens presented on ________ surface molecule.
- Helper T cells that prime and coordinated CD8 and B cells.
- Effector Th2 CD4 cell subset that produce IL-4 and IL-13 and activates alternative macrophages that dampen inflammatory responses.
- Changing of the immunoglobulin (Ig) class produced by the B cell.
- Antibody coated infected cells are recognized by NK cells and kill.
- Antibodies that interact with virus at the host receptor site and blocks viral entry.
Down
- Antibody mediated phagocytosis of microbes.
- _______ cells produce antibodies that mediate protective immunity.
- Cells that present antigens & prime adaptive response.
- Hallmark of adaptive immunity.
- Immunity type mediated by B cells.
- Is a major antiviral immunoglobulin
- CD4+ cells recognize extracellular antigens presented on ___________ surface molecule.
- Antibodies that perform effector functions at sites distant from the production site.
- Activated CD8+ cells that produce Perforin/Granzyme to kill infected cells.
- Secretory antibody that have access to mucosal surfaces.
- Presentation of ______ occurs in lymph nodes and mucosa.
- T and B cells receptor ________ emerge from random gene rearrangement and selection.
19 Clues: Hallmark of adaptive immunity. • Immunity type mediated by B cells. • Is a major antiviral immunoglobulin • Antibody mediated phagocytosis of microbes. • Cells that present antigens & prime adaptive response. • Secretory antibody that have access to mucosal surfaces. • Presentation of ______ occurs in lymph nodes and mucosa. • ...
x2004 2017-02-23
Across
- Tissue fluid in a lymphatic capillary
- Immunity This includes external and Internal defenses
- Injecting a dead disease into the body
- fluid Surronds tissue cells
- This cell is involved in antibody mediated immunity
- A small white blood cell that come in two types, and its nucleus is dented or flat
- immunity Acquired as a person experiences antigens
- Lymphoid organ that gets smaller over time
Down
- Organ on the left side of the body and close to the pancreas
- duct Drains lymph from the whole body mines the right top side
- A large white blood cell that Is a phagocyte
- Organs that provide protection in the mouth against microbes
- This cell is involved cell-mediated immunity
- acquired immunity Includes injections and vaccines
- Stimulating the destruction of antigens
15 Clues: fluid Surronds tissue cells • Tissue fluid in a lymphatic capillary • Injecting a dead disease into the body • Stimulating the destruction of antigens • Lymphoid organ that gets smaller over time • A large white blood cell that Is a phagocyte • This cell is involved cell-mediated immunity • acquired immunity Includes injections and vaccines • ...
Immunity 2013-03-11
Across
- causes lung or liver damage
- guards against shingles
- GI friendly, NSAID
- treatment for acute flare in gout
- people taking this med are at risk for infection, GI bleeding, hyperglycemia
- cannot be taken with dairy
- guards agains TB but should not be taken by people with HIV
Down
- used to treat STDs
- Type of antibiotic that can cause hearing loss
- take full dose of medication to prevent
- Major antibiotic that alters birth contorl
11 Clues: used to treat STDs • GI friendly, NSAID • guards against shingles • cannot be taken with dairy • causes lung or liver damage • treatment for acute flare in gout • take full dose of medication to prevent • Major antibiotic that alters birth contorl • Type of antibiotic that can cause hearing loss • guards agains TB but should not be taken by people with HIV • ...
Immunity 2022-01-13
Across
- a long molecule that contains unique genetic code
- the process of ingesting the pathogen
- harmful substances that triggers the immune system
- A type of pathogen that depends on a host to replicate
- A harmful organism that can cause disease
- a simple, safe, and effective way of protecting you against harmful diseases, before you come into contact with them
Down
- a protein produced by the body's immune system when it detects harmful substances
- medicines that fight bacterial infections in people and animals produced by fungi
- protected against a particular disease or illness
- A type of white blood cell that engulfs the pathogen
- Chemical found in the body
11 Clues: Chemical found in the body • the process of ingesting the pathogen • A harmful organism that can cause disease • a long molecule that contains unique genetic code • protected against a particular disease or illness • harmful substances that triggers the immune system • A type of white blood cell that engulfs the pathogen • ...
Immune System 2014-03-07
Across
- Proteins that recognize and bind to antigens.
- Human body system which fights infections.
- Soft tissues within the bones.
- Injection of a weakened pathogen to produce immunity.
- Line of defense which keeps pathogens out.
- Elevated body temperature in response to infection.
- Immunity produced by exposure to an antigen.
Down
- Line of defense which fights pathogens that enter the body.
- Your body's most important nonspecific defense.
- Immunity against antigens and pathogens in the body fluids.
- Immunity against abnormal cells or pathogens within cells.
- Proteins that help cells fight viral infections.
- Viruses, bacteria or other pathogens.
- Short-term immunity caused when antibodies from other animals are injected into the body.
14 Clues: Soft tissues within the bones. • Viruses, bacteria or other pathogens. • Human body system which fights infections. • Line of defense which keeps pathogens out. • Immunity produced by exposure to an antigen. • Proteins that recognize and bind to antigens. • Your body's most important nonspecific defense. • Proteins that help cells fight viral infections. • ...
5B Unit 5 crossword 2024-03-07
Immunity system 2022-05-03
Across
- The __________ is part of the nonspicific immune response that occurs after bacteria has penetrated the bodies first line of defense.
- The Bcell matures into a _______.
- __________ is the hypothesis process that suggests lymphocytes have antigen receptors on their surface long before they came across an antigen.
- _________ create pores in target cells causing them to explode and die.
- having _____ blood can cause problems for women pregnant with Rh+ kids.
- The most common type of white blood cell is the ___________.
- around 85% of US residents of western European descent are ___________.
- _______ antibodies can be produced in a lab by fusing Bcells and lymphoma cells.
- ______ causes swelling and limits mobility.
- This cell has cytoplasmic extensions.
- is important when determining what type of blood would be compatible with a patient.
- T-cells are responidble for _______ immunity.
Down
- An _______ can be split up into five classes: IgG, Igd, IgE, IgM, and IgA.
- A __________ is a large phogocyte formed from monoctyes.
- this type of cell is responsible for antibody-medicated immunity.
- This is also known as specific immune response.
- A common symptom of a widespread infector is a _______.
- Nonspecific immunity is also known as________.
- Another word for antibody; the shorthand is Ig.
- This is also known as specific immune response.
20 Clues: The Bcell matures into a _______. • This cell has cytoplasmic extensions. • ______ causes swelling and limits mobility. • T-cells are responidble for _______ immunity. • Nonspecific immunity is also known as________. • This is also known as specific immune response. • Another word for antibody; the shorthand is Ig. • This is also known as specific immune response. • ...
Adaptive Immunity 2023-11-03
Across
- Effector Th1 CD4 cell subset produce IFN gamma, activate macrophages and stimulate IgG production.
- CD8+ cells recognize intracellular antigens presented on ________ surface molecule.
- Helper T cells that prime and coordinated CD8 and B cells.
- Effector Th2 CD4 cell subset that produce IL-4 and IL-13 and activates alternative macrophages that dampen inflammatory responses.
- Changing of the immunoglobulin (Ig) class produced by the B cell.
- Antibody coated infected cells are recognized by NK cells and kill.
- Antibodies that interact with virus at the host receptor site and blocks viral entry.
Down
- Antibody mediated phagocytosis of microbes.
- _______ cells produce antibodies that mediate protective immunity.
- Cells that present antigens & prime adaptive response.
- Hallmark of adaptive immunity.
- Immunity type mediated by B cells.
- Is a major antiviral immunoglobulin
- CD4+ cells recognize extracellular antigens presented on ___________ surface molecule.
- Antibodies that perform effector functions at sites distant from the production site.
- Activated CD8+ cells that produce Perforin/Granzyme to kill infected cells.
- Secretory antibody that have access to mucosal surfaces.
- Presentation of ______ occurs in lymph nodes and mucosa.
- T and B cells receptor ________ emerge from random gene rearrangement and selection.
19 Clues: Hallmark of adaptive immunity. • Immunity type mediated by B cells. • Is a major antiviral immunoglobulin • Antibody mediated phagocytosis of microbes. • Cells that present antigens & prime adaptive response. • Secretory antibody that have access to mucosal surfaces. • Presentation of ______ occurs in lymph nodes and mucosa. • ...
3.1.5-3.1.7 2023-03-22
Across
- chain of what?
- growth medium
- refers to number of deaths in a certain group in a certain period of time.
- someone who investigates growth, structure, and development of microorganisms
- type of immunity acquired over a lifetime
- cause of disease or condition
- what shape is strepto?
- type of WBC, produced by thymus
- technique of preventing contamination
- type of WBC, matures in bone marrow and produces antibodies
- clear plastic container
- what bacteria is spiral in form?
- type of immunity acquired from mother
- having a disease or symptoms of disease
- what gram stain is purple?
Down
- bacteria that lives with us all the time.
- what gram stain is pink?
- Someone who studies viruses and models herd immunity
- what bacteria is spherical in shape?
- what shape is staphylo?
- protein produced by B-Cells
- anything that stimulates an immune response
- what bacteria grow in
- what bacteria is rod shaped?
- type of immunity acquired from infection
25 Clues: growth medium • chain of what? • what bacteria grow in • what shape is strepto? • what shape is staphylo? • clear plastic container • what gram stain is pink? • what gram stain is purple? • protein produced by B-Cells • what bacteria is rod shaped? • cause of disease or condition • type of WBC, produced by thymus • what bacteria is spiral in form? • what bacteria is spherical in shape? • ...
Lymphatic and Immune System 2014-02-24
Across
- A T cell that presents antigens to other T cells
- Cells that eat antigens
- fluid not drained by the lymphatic vessels
- A lymphocyte that remembers how to react when an antigen is presented for a second time
- Type of white blood cells involved in adaptive immunity
- Cell that produces histamine
- Lymphocytes that circulate throughout the body looking for antigens
- One of two secondary lymphoid organs where lymphocytes meet anitgens
- Another word for immunoglobulin
- Immunity that develops after an antigen is presented, such as a vaccien
Down
- Immunity that is always in place and doesn't require an antigen to activate
- A disease where the body's immune system fights itself
- A T cell that destroys antigens
- Chemical that causes the the inflammatory reaction
- Phagocytic cell in the tissue
- fluid carried by the immune system
- Where the B Cells mature, and all blood stem cells come from
- Where the T Cells mature
- Hypersensitivity to an antigen, such as pollen
- Immunity that passes across the placenta during pregnancy
20 Clues: Cells that eat antigens • Where the T Cells mature • Cell that produces histamine • Phagocytic cell in the tissue • Another word for immunoglobulin • A T cell that destroys antigens • fluid carried by the immune system • fluid not drained by the lymphatic vessels • Hypersensitivity to an antigen, such as pollen • A T cell that presents antigens to other T cells • ...
chapter 8 2020-07-05
Across
- cell fragments for blood clotting
- combining form for juice
- protein iron compound in RBCs
- combining form for clot
- the blood transports_____ into the cells
- injection of a serum containing antibodies
- erythrocytes are a ____
- combining form for color
- placenta to fetus antibodies
- immunity from foreign antibodies
- causes a formation of antibodies against it
- combining form for bone marrow
- cells of the immune system
- combining form for form
Down
- combining form for clear fluid
- carries____ away from digestive organs
- combining form for net
- combining form for eat
- destroys an antigen
- immunity when an infection develops
- combining form for germ or bud
- combining form for thymus
- immunity when a vaccine is given
- the blood carries_____ away from the cells
- blood also contains ____
- immunity when the body produces its own antibodies
- combining form for splen
- leukocytes are a ____
- ____ filters microorganisms and foreign particles
- combining form for blood
- combining form for formation
31 Clues: destroys an antigen • leukocytes are a ____ • combining form for net • combining form for eat • combining form for clot • erythrocytes are a ____ • combining form for form • combining form for juice • blood also contains ____ • combining form for color • combining form for splen • combining form for blood • combining form for thymus • cells of the immune system • ...
Survivor Blood Moon: Jeffisms 2018-12-27
Across
- "..____ represents your life"
- "Come on in, ____"
- I'll go ____
- 'Once the votes are read, the ____ '
- 'Grab your stuff, ____'
- 'Once the ____ are read'
- 'I've got ____'
- '...the decision is ____'
- 'The ____of Survivor state that if a hidden immunity...'
- 'OK, it is ____'
- 'Getting your first ____ at the new..'
Down
- 'Everyone else is _____ game.'
- '____ ; I'll take back the immunity idol'
- 'Wanna know what you're ____ ?'
- 'The person voted out will be asked to ____'
- 'I'll see you tonight at Tribal Council, where ____'
- "Survivors ready? ____!"
- 'the _____ has spoken.'
- 'The rules of Survivor ____ that if a hidden immunity idol..'
- 'This is part of the _____ at Tribal Council'
- 'You need to bring me your ____'
21 Clues: I'll go ____ • 'I've got ____' • 'OK, it is ____' • "Come on in, ____" • 'Grab your stuff, ____' • 'the _____ has spoken.' • "Survivors ready? ____!" • 'Once the ____ are read' • '...the decision is ____' • "..____ represents your life" • 'Everyone else is _____ game.' • 'Wanna know what you're ____ ?' • 'You need to bring me your ____' • 'Once the votes are read, the ____ ' • ...
5B Unit 5 crossword 2024-03-07
5B Unit 5 crossword 2024-03-07
Infection 102e.1 2023-01-17
Across
- hepatitis A virus
- human papilloma virus
- body neutralizer
- passive immunity
- body immunity
- fungi
- non-infection fungus
- pathogenic bacteria
- methicillin staphylococcus aureus
- single cell infection
- all over body
Down
- herpes simplex virus
- hepatitis B virus
- obtains nutrients from host
- slime
- human immunodeficiency virus
- itch mite
- hepatitis C virus
- submicroscopic bacteria
- confined
20 Clues: slime • fungi • confined • itch mite • body immunity • all over body • body neutralizer • passive immunity • hepatitis A virus • hepatitis B virus • hepatitis C virus • pathogenic bacteria • herpes simplex virus • non-infection fungus • human papilloma virus • single cell infection • submicroscopic bacteria • obtains nutrients from host • human immunodeficiency virus • methicillin staphylococcus aureus
Immune System 2023-10-30
Across
- Class 2 MHC molecules attaches to what type of T cell?
- What are the proteins releases by lymphocytes and macrophages called?
- Cell-Mediated and Antibody Mediated immunity both what type of immunity
- Adaptive immunity is what kind is Defense?
- Protein marker on pathogen surface?
- Lymphocytes matured in the thymus?
Down
- cells Macrophages and Neutrophils are both what type of cell?
- Cytotoxic T cells are what kind of immunity?
- One specific type of Leukocytes are called?
- Cells that turn into plasma cells?
- Bradykinin causes what kind of inflammation sign?
- What kind of immunity develops in response to antigen exposure?
- What does immune surveilance and destroys cells directly?
13 Clues: Cells that turn into plasma cells? • Lymphocytes matured in the thymus? • Protein marker on pathogen surface? • Adaptive immunity is what kind is Defense? • One specific type of Leukocytes are called? • Cytotoxic T cells are what kind of immunity? • Bradykinin causes what kind of inflammation sign? • Class 2 MHC molecules attaches to what type of T cell? • ...
Immune System - Key Terms 2023-11-27
Across
- One group/response of adaptive immunity involving T-lymphocytes.
- How many complement pathways are there?
- When a "helper" T cell encounters an antigen-presenting cell in the body, it releases __________ once activated.
- The complement system is part of the innate immune system (true or false?).
- A process that effectively eats large foreign substances (pathogens) as part of the innate response
- Many pathogens share certain repeating patterns on their surface.
- Circulating antibodies are produced and secreted by plasma B lymphocytes
Down
- Where are T-cells formed?
- Natural killer and Macrophages are an example of these type of cells.
- A non-specific type of immunity
- A form of short-term immunity. E.g. the passing of antibodies from a mother to an infant.
- Immunity can be split into how many types?
- One group/response of adaptive immunity involving free circulating antibodies.
- APC stands for 'Antigen _________ Cell'
- Where do T-cells mature?
15 Clues: Where do T-cells mature? • Where are T-cells formed? • A non-specific type of immunity • How many complement pathways are there? • APC stands for 'Antigen _________ Cell' • Immunity can be split into how many types? • One group/response of adaptive immunity involving T-lymphocytes. • Many pathogens share certain repeating patterns on their surface. • ...
adaptive body defenses 2019-12-07
Across
- it contains pathogens that are dead or attenuated
- region that contain heavy and light chain
- antibodies that used to descendants of a single cell
- process where lymphocytes begins to grow and multiplies rapidly
- immunity that prevents an outbreak of the disease or infection
- first types of adaptive immunity
- type of memory that memory cells are responsible for
- others name for antibody mediated immunity
- ability of responding to a specific antigen by binding to it with antigen specific receptors
- called name for IgM antibodies
- Cells that produce antibodies and oversee humoral immunity.
- immune sera that used to treat poisonous snakes bite
- occur in both monomer and dimer
- antibody that contain serum from the surviving animals
- cell that directly attack invading antigen
- the case' name of troublesome small molecules
Down
- major types of cells that acting as APCs
- obtained from the serum of an immune human or animal donor
- Foreign molecules that recognized adaptive immune system
- others name for antibodies
- immunity that acquired when we receives vaccines
- Others name for adaptive body defense
- important aspect of adaptive body defense that can recognizes and mounts even stronger attacks on previously encountered pathogens
- source of natural acquired of passive immunity
- lymphoid organ that place for immature lymphocytes divide rapidly
- Factors that protect our body from future attacks by the same pathogen
- one of the ways for antibodies to inactivate antigens
- it is originate from hemocytoblasts in red bone narrow
- bathe body surface that mainly can found secretory IgA
- essentially identical in different antibodies of the same class
30 Clues: others name for antibodies • called name for IgM antibodies • occur in both monomer and dimer • first types of adaptive immunity • Others name for adaptive body defense • major types of cells that acting as APCs • region that contain heavy and light chain • others name for antibody mediated immunity • cell that directly attack invading antigen • ...
Chapter 31 Crossword 2023-05-11
Across
- A type of immunity the body makes when responding to an infecting pathogen
- Theory proposing that specific microorganisms cause disease
- The proteins made by B cells
- When the host's immune system attacks a donors tissue
- A type of immunity that occurs without the body going through an immune response
- Body system that fights diseases and infections
- A type of immunity that depends on T cells attaching and bursting infected body cells
- A substance that causes an allergic reaction
- Protein markers on the surface of cells and viruses that act as identification
- Cells that make proteins to inactivate pathogens
- Body response that presents through swelling, redness, warmth, and pain
- A disease in which the bone marrow and other blood-forming organs create immature or abnormal leukocytes
- A substance used to prevent disease-causing microorganisms
- Something that carries and transmits a pathogen
- A type of immunity that relies on antibodies to destroy or inactivate infected body cells
- Cell that surrounds and engulfs pathogens
Down
- This happens when germs develop resistance to the drugs used to kill them
- A disease where there is a severe loss of the body’s cellular immunity
- Proteins made by infected body cells
- Infections that occur more often or severely in people with weakened immune systems
- Specialized T and B cells that can "remember" antigens
- An immune response to a substance to which the body has become hypersensitive to
- Cells that destroy infected body cells
- Substance used to create immunity or resistance to an infectious disease or pathogen
- A disease-causing agent
- A virus that attacks the body’s immune system
- A severe life-threatening allergic reaction to an antigen
27 Clues: A disease-causing agent • The proteins made by B cells • Proteins made by infected body cells • Cells that destroy infected body cells • Cell that surrounds and engulfs pathogens • A substance that causes an allergic reaction • A virus that attacks the body’s immune system • Body system that fights diseases and infections • Something that carries and transmits a pathogen • ...
Infectious Midterm 2019-03-04
Across
- / type of prevention that comes first (example: wearing sunscreen) /
- / any process that eliminates, removes, or deactivates all forms of microbiotic life in a specific region
- / “M” antibiotics in 7 classes of antibiotics
- / describes anything located outside of a cell
- / final type of prevention when patient already has disease (examples: rehabilitation, treatment) /
- / “T” antibiotics in 7 classes of antibiotics
- / “F” antibiotics in 7 classes of antibiotics
- / immunity that develops in response to infection
- / “C” antibiotics in 7 classes of antibiotics
- / immunity acquired from transfer of antibody from one person to another (example: mother to offspring)
- / this type of prevention includes cancer screenings /
- / heat (cardinal sign of inflammatory response)
Down
- / “S” antibiotics in 7 classes of antibiotics
- / antimicrobial product used on humans (example: mouthwash)
- / pain (cardinal sign of inflammatory response)
- / intracellular immunity that is cell-mediated by T-lymphocytes (slower)
- / antimicrobial product used on objects (example: Lysol)
- / swelling (cardinal sign of inflammatory response)
- / elimination of disease
- / “bacteri___,” kills bacteria
- / describes anything located inside of a cell
- / “P” antibiotic in 7 classes of antibiotics
- / lessening of number of cases of disease
- / redness (cardinal sign of inflammatory response)
- / “A” antibiotics in 7 classes of antibiotics
- / “bacterio___,” slows bacterial growth or reproduction
- / extracellular immunity that is antibody-mediated by B-lymphocytes (faster)
- / inherent immunity present before infection
28 Clues: / elimination of disease • / “bacteri___,” kills bacteria • / lessening of number of cases of disease • / “P” antibiotic in 7 classes of antibiotics • / inherent immunity present before infection • / describes anything located inside of a cell • / “M” antibiotics in 7 classes of antibiotics • / “A” antibiotics in 7 classes of antibiotics • ...
immunity 2016-04-22
Across
- protein on microbes that trigger response
- introduction of vaccine containing the disease
- how body protect itself from infection
- one of the main causes of lung cancer
- pox this viral disease was eradicated in 1970's
- liquid component of blood
Down
- blood cells responsible for the defence in your body
- microorganisms that cause diseases
- drugs that work against bacteria
- protein produced by white blood cells as defence
10 Clues: liquid component of blood • drugs that work against bacteria • microorganisms that cause diseases • one of the main causes of lung cancer • how body protect itself from infection • protein on microbes that trigger response • introduction of vaccine containing the disease • pox this viral disease was eradicated in 1970's • protein produced by white blood cells as defence • ...
Immune System 2022-01-13
Across
- The whole process of phagocytes killing the pathogens
- An organism that can cause disease
- Something that lymphocytes produce
- Phagocytes ______ the pathogen and digests it with enzymes
- Type of a white blood cell that makes antibodies
- ______ B-Cells are cells that remember the pathogen and will create a rapid immune response if the pathogen is seen again
- A pathogen that needs a host to replicate.
Down
- This is an artificial way to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity
- Type of a white blood cell that engulfs pathogens
- Antibiotic __________ is when bacteria develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them
- ______ immunity is immunity that lasts a long time but is slow-acting
- Causes the production of antibodies
- _______ immunity is immunity that lasts a short time but is fast-acting
- A pathogen with a cell wall
- Mushrooms, mould and yeasts are part of this group
15 Clues: A pathogen with a cell wall • An organism that can cause disease • Something that lymphocytes produce • Causes the production of antibodies • A pathogen that needs a host to replicate. • Type of a white blood cell that makes antibodies • Type of a white blood cell that engulfs pathogens • Mushrooms, mould and yeasts are part of this group • ...
Immune System 2021-11-18
Across
- disease causing organism
- sensitivity to a harmless antigen
- specific immunity, adaptive immunity
- cell that engulfs and destroys pathogens
- redness heat pain swelling
- contains the antigen of a pathogen
- type of immunity that does not require an immune response
Down
- protein produced by virus infected cells
- medicines that limit grow of bacteria
- type of immunity that relies on antibodies
- proteins made by B cells
- foreign protein that causes antibodies to be produced
- attack and kill infected cells and cancer cells
13 Clues: disease causing organism • proteins made by B cells • redness heat pain swelling • sensitivity to a harmless antigen • contains the antigen of a pathogen • specific immunity, adaptive immunity • medicines that limit grow of bacteria • protein produced by virus infected cells • cell that engulfs and destroys pathogens • type of immunity that relies on antibodies • ...
Immune System 2022-03-21
Across
- Used to prevent the allegery response in the body
- These cells are immunity cells found in bone marrow
- Immune cells that target certain antigens
- Usually found at the sight of the infection, first responders
- Once being infected once body creates antibodies that are immune to said infection/disease
- Engulfs and absorbs bacteria and small cells
- Usually a shot that helps to promote immunity
- The second step in attempting to defend you from outside threats phagocyte cells
- body is given immunity based on body being exposed to threat in small amounts
- Helps produce antibodies, another version of white blood cell
- Protects body from outside threats
- Help in the aid of adaptability of the immune system
- When immunity is given through antibodies that are supplied, not created.
Down
- When bacteria through natural selection become less affected by antibiotics
- When someones immune response goes overdrive to protect the body from threat
- When being exposed to an outside threat such as disease prompts immunity to said disease
- Part of the immune response help fight against infection and disease
- Proteins in the blood that act at countering diseases in the blood
- These are the first systems of your body that protect you from outside threats such as skin
- These cells help to protect your body against different foreign threats to the body
20 Clues: Protects body from outside threats • Immune cells that target certain antigens • Engulfs and absorbs bacteria and small cells • Usually a shot that helps to promote immunity • Used to prevent the allegery response in the body • These cells are immunity cells found in bone marrow • Help in the aid of adaptability of the immune system • ...
Immunity Crossword 2022-10-17
Across
- Cytotoxic T cells release these serine proteases that trigger programmed cell death
- Blood serum will contain what type of antibiodies
- B cells have receptors on their surface that react directly with antigens (pathogens) in blood etc. This gives rise to what biological cell process
- Class 2 MHC proteins s are released by what type of cell
- Antibodies are also called what
- Does antibody concentration increase or decrease after second exposure to a specific antigen?
- A second exposure of the antigen stimulates what cells, resulting in a rapid response to produce plasma cells and cytotoxic t cells
Down
- This type of specific immune response defends against intracellular pathogens and cancers
- Immune system containing 3rd line of defence
- This is the name of pathogen inactivation via antibodies where the antibodies block viral binding sites and coats bacterial toxins
- What type of T cell interacts/ stimulates with B cells
- What type of linkages bind the heavy and light chains of proteins on antibodies together?
- Specific immune response involving B cells is BLANK mediated
- B and T cells are also known as what
- True or false- b and T cell response only occur at different times
- Differentiates into macrophages and dendritic cells
- True or false: Each B cell is specific for a particular antigen
17 Clues: Antibodies are also called what • B and T cells are also known as what • Immune system containing 3rd line of defence • Blood serum will contain what type of antibiodies • Differentiates into macrophages and dendritic cells • What type of T cell interacts/ stimulates with B cells • Class 2 MHC proteins s are released by what type of cell • ...