cells Crossword Puzzles

Cell Structure 2014-06-30

Cell Structure crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Non living material which gives cells structure (4,4)
  2. Plant cells are often this shape
  3. Light + CO2 + Water -> Glucose + Oxygen
  4. These structures absorb light for photoisynthesis
  5. CELLWALL is made from this carbohydrate
  6. Specialised structures found within cells
  7. Green pigment found within CHLOROPLASTS
  8. Oxygen + Glucose -> CO2 + Water + Energy
  9. Membrane-bound structure found within cells; contains SAP
  10. These cells have a CELLWALL
  11. The CELLMEMBRANE in inside the CELLWALL
  12. Contains DNA
Down
  1. Contain genes, which are made from DNA
  2. Jelly-like living substance that makes up a cell
  3. These cells may contain VACULOES, but they are small and temporary
  4. PROTEINS used to catalyse reactions in cells
  5. Microscope with very high magnification power
  6. Used to release energy during respiration
  7. Selectively permeable barrier of the cell (4,8)
  8. The VACULOE within plant cells is __________ (as opposed to animal cells)
  9. Store of dissolved sugars, minerals and other solutes (4,3)
  10. Genes are used to make these

22 Clues: Contains DNA • These cells have a CELLWALL • Genes are used to make these • Plant cells are often this shape • Contain genes, which are made from DNA • Light + CO2 + Water -> Glucose + Oxygen • CELLWALL is made from this carbohydrate • Green pigment found within CHLOROPLASTS • The CELLMEMBRANE in inside the CELLWALL • Oxygen + Glucose -> CO2 + Water + Energy • ...

Blood Crossword Puzel 2020-04-17

Blood Crossword Puzel crossword puzzle
Across
  1. red blood cells
  2. where new blood cells are created
  3. white blood cells
  4. clear yellowish portion of whole blood
  5. made out of plasma red-, white blood cells and platelets
  6. this allows a rbc to fit into and go thru very tight spaces
  7. abnormally high blood pressure
  8. where old blood cells are eliminated
  9. abnormal blood clot
  10. binds to oxygen
  11. major systemic artery; arises from the left ventricle of the heart
  12. function of white blood cells
Down
  1. body defense itself with
  2. red blood cells
  3. discharging chambers of the heart
  4. method to replace a high loss of blood
  5. low red blood cell count
  6. what type of cell is responsible for most types of blood cell production
  7. formation of blood cells
  8. white blood cells which produce antibodies
  9. shape of a red blood cell

21 Clues: red blood cells • red blood cells • binds to oxygen • white blood cells • abnormal blood clot • body defense itself with • low red blood cell count • formation of blood cells • shape of a red blood cell • function of white blood cells • abnormally high blood pressure • where new blood cells are created • discharging chambers of the heart • where old blood cells are eliminated • ...

Cells and cell division 2025-12-16

Cells and cell division crossword puzzle
Across
  1. to make an exact copy
  2. respiration happens here
  3. red blood cells do not have one of these
  4. when a cell divides to produce two identical copies they are called this
  5. how many times bigger?
  6. are made of DNA
  7. happens in the chloroplasts
  8. a sperm cell has one of these
  9. white blood cells produce these
  10. we use this to look at very small things
  11. these cells contract
Down
  1. cells without a nucleus
  2. a web of fibres in cell division
  3. plant cells have these in the centre
  4. the layer on the outside of all cells
  5. cell division of eukaryotic cells
  6. a small ring of DNA found in bacteria
  7. the cytoplasm divides and new cell membranes form
  8. protein synthesis happens here
  9. these cells do not have a cell wall
  10. these reproduce by binary fission

21 Clues: are made of DNA • these cells contract • to make an exact copy • how many times bigger? • cells without a nucleus • respiration happens here • happens in the chloroplasts • a sperm cell has one of these • protein synthesis happens here • white blood cells produce these • a web of fibres in cell division • cell division of eukaryotic cells • these reproduce by binary fission • ...

Cells and Kingdoms 2021-11-13

Cells and Kingdoms crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Makes ribosomes
  2. Controls the cell
  3. Concluded that all cells come from other cells
  4. Outer boundary. Controls what goes in or out.
  5. Has a nucleus
  6. Collects proteins and exports them
  7. Said all animals are made of cells
  8. Single celled organism
  9. Organizes the cell for division
  10. Gets energy from other organisms
  11. used for movement
  12. also used for movement
  13. Structural layer surrounding plant cells
  14. Makes proteins
  15. a group of cells
  16. Modifies proteins (use abbreviation)
  17. Came up with the word cell by looking at a cork
  18. Produces energy
  19. Has no nucleus
  20. The fluid that fills the cell
  21. any living thing
Down
  1. First to study cells. He called them animacules
  2. Protein framework in the cell
  3. Stores water and important materials
  4. Produces energy from the sun in plant cells
  5. Break down large food and old cell parts
  6. parts of cells
  7. Gets energy from dead matter
  8. Said all plants are made of cells
  9. Many celled organism
  10. Makes it's own energy

31 Clues: Has a nucleus • parts of cells • Makes proteins • Has no nucleus • Makes ribosomes • Produces energy • a group of cells • any living thing • Controls the cell • used for movement • Many celled organism • Makes it's own energy • Single celled organism • also used for movement • Gets energy from dead matter • Protein framework in the cell • The fluid that fills the cell • ...

Exam 1 2024-12-09

Exam 1 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The largest artery in the body.
  2. The process to stop bleeding.
  3. The lower chambers of the heart.
  4. A condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells.
  5. A protein that may be present on the surface of red blood cells.
  6. The liquid component of blood.
  7. The breakdown of a blood clot.
  8. The percentage of blood volume that is red blood cells.
  9. White blood cells involved in immunity.
  10. A condition characterized by a low platelet count.
Down
  1. Cell fragments that play a role in clotting.
  2. Antigens on red blood cells that determine blood type.
  3. The process of producing red blood cells.
  4. A genetic disorder causing red blood cells to assume an abnormal shape.
  5. The process of blood clot formation.
  6. A condition where tissues are deprived of oxygen.
  7. Another name for the mitral valve of the heart.
  8. Red blood cells that transport oxygen.
  9. A substance that prevents blood clotting.
  10. The protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen.

20 Clues: The process to stop bleeding. • The liquid component of blood. • The breakdown of a blood clot. • The largest artery in the body. • The lower chambers of the heart. • The process of blood clot formation. • Red blood cells that transport oxygen. • White blood cells involved in immunity. • The process of producing red blood cells. • A substance that prevents blood clotting. • ...

Immune system 1 2024-11-26

Immune system 1 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. one of the 4 signs of an inflammatory response
  2. immunity that takes 4-7 days to respond
  3. immunity that responds immediately
  4. antiviral chemical
  5. complement protein that binds to bacteria and facilitates phagocytosis
  6. cells that release histamine
  7. cells of the immune system
  8. one of the 4 signs of an inflammatory response
  9. chemical that initiated inflammation
  10. protein system that identifies and kills bacteria
  11. cells innate cells that link innate and adaptive responses by bringing antigens to adaptive cells
  12. viral component that triggers innate response
Down
  1. innate cells that identifies and kills virally infected cells
  2. phagocyte that is first to respond and produces oxidative burst
  3. enzyme found in tears and saliva
  4. phagocyte that cleans up debris generated during and after infection
  5. protein of complement system that initiates formation of MAC that causes cell lysis
  6. enzyme that breaks NAG NAM bonds in peptidoglycan
  7. complement protein that binds mast cells and triggers release of histamine
  8. proteins recognized by adaptive response
  9. immunity that responds to bacterial structures like teichoic acids and lipid A
  10. burst release of reactive oxygen that kills bacteria
  11. cells that recognize and engulf pathogens
  12. environment that prevents microbial growth

24 Clues: antiviral chemical • cells of the immune system • cells that release histamine • enzyme found in tears and saliva • immunity that responds immediately • chemical that initiated inflammation • immunity that takes 4-7 days to respond • proteins recognized by adaptive response • cells that recognize and engulf pathogens • environment that prevents microbial growth • ...

Hematopoiesis 2020-01-06

Hematopoiesis crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The gene that is most commonly mutated in PMF.
  2. The blood cells involved in the immune response in the body.
  3. The white blood cells that do not circulate regularly, but are released from the bone marrow as part of an immune response.
  4. There are two systems for classifying AML: BLANK and WHO.
  5. The part of blood responsible for clotting.
  6. What kind of cells are produced by B cells?
  7. How many major subtypes of leukemia are there?
  8. How many types of T-cells are there?
  9. The type of leukemia that produces partly matured cells that look ~normal, but do not function well.
  10. A disorder whereby myeloid cells and fibroblasts are overproduced.
  11. Where the bone marrow is found in the bones.
  12. The lineage of blood cells that include the rbc, platelets, mast cells, monocytes, and granulocytes.
  13. A malignancy of the cells.
  14. What cell type forms thrombocytes?
  15. The chromosome that is found in 95% of CML cases.
  16. The place where blood forms in the earliest embryonic stage.
  17. The lineage of blood cells that includes the B, T, and NK cells.
  18. The model that we use to study embryonic hematopoiesis.
  19. The cells involved in the allergic response.
  20. The thing that is lacking in erythrocytes and thrombocytes.
  21. The largest blood cells
Down
  1. The type of leukemia that grows faster but is easier to treat.
  2. The RBC found in PMF patients have this abnormal shape as a feature of the disease.
  3. The red blood cells that carry oxygen and carbon dioxide.
  4. The most common type of blood cancer, which can originate in bone marrow and lymph organs.
  5. The formation of blood cells occurs via BLANK.
  6. The stage of blood development whereby blood develops in blood vessels.
  7. The cells that have a tree-like appearance. They may be from the myeloid lineage, but it is unclear. They display antigens for T-cells.
  8. An irregularly-shaped cell, it may be involved in inflammation and may regulate helper T-cells.
  9. All cancers are BLANKs.
  10. The cell type that is overproduced in FL.
  11. The most common immune cell.
  12. The stage of hematopoiesis in the fetus where both the myeloid and lymphoid lineage cells start dividing.
  13. The kind of cell that comes from monocytes.
  14. The stage of blood development that starts at the 5th month.
  15. The bone marrow type where blood is formed post-natally.
  16. An immune cell with a double-lobed nucleus that may defend against parasites.
  17. The lymphoid cells that mature in the thymus.
  18. A co-stimulatory molecule that can activate lymphocytes.

39 Clues: All cancers are BLANKs. • The largest blood cells • A malignancy of the cells. • The most common immune cell. • What cell type forms thrombocytes? • How many types of T-cells are there? • The cell type that is overproduced in FL. • The part of blood responsible for clotting. • What kind of cells are produced by B cells? • The kind of cell that comes from monocytes. • ...

Immunology 2022-10-03

Immunology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Transcription factor expressed in Treg cells that is needed for Treg cell function
  2. a T cell subset that is responsible for suppressing or limiting immune responses
  3. what does IR stand for?
  4. immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
  5. name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
  6. this is where Fc receptors bind, and so is responsible for antibody effector function (after antigen binding occurs)
  7. the Ag receptor on T cells
  8. B lymphocyte that upon activation can differentiate into plasma cells secreting antibody molecules or B memory cells
  9. protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
  10. an immunoglobulin that is expressed on B cell surface
  11. general designation of many of the different cytokines, chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other cells
  12. CD8+ T cells with the effector function of targeting and killing virally infected cells and tumor cells by apoptosis
  13. Member of TNF receptor family expressed on certain cells that makes them susceptible to being killed by cells expressing the Fas ligand
  14. a cell wall component of gram negative bacteria which can be bound by TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
  15. chemicals that are a sub-class of cytokines with cell-attractant properties
  16. a cell that is able to present antigen via MHC molecules to T cell receptors on T cells
  17. designation for specific cell-surface molecules on immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
Down
  1. the part of an antibody (that can be isolated by protease digestion) responsible for antigen binding, consisting of the light chain and amino-terminal half of the heavy chain disulfide-bonded together
  2. the end stage of disease in HIV infection
  3. large granular lymphocyte that serves as an innate effector cell by inducing apoptosis of target cells (virally infected cells or tumor cells)
  4. adaptive immune responses in which there is a major role for effector T cells
  5. T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD8 which upon activation differentiate into cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)
  6. this fragment of antibody consists of the carboxy terminal halves of the two heavy chains disulfide-bonded to each other
  7. a type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
  8. family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections; type 1 interferons include IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, as distinguished from IFN-gamma
  9. acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine, a constituent of certain bacteria, that can trigger Complement activation and acts as an opsonin
  10. white blood cells with multi-lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules
  11. multiple drug treatment for HIV infection
  12. cells surface ligands for the leukocyte integrins; Critical in binding of lymphocytes and other leukocytes to certain cells
  13. end product of the Complement cascade that can kill pathogens directly by forming a pore in pathogen membrane leading to lysis
  14. T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD4 which upon activation differentiate into distinct Thelper phenotypes with different roles in adaptive immunity
  15. a molecule that is recognized in native (original) structure by antibodies or B cell receptor, or a peptide that is presented by MHC molecules to T cell receptor
  16. large mononuclear phagocyte that takes residence in many different tissues and organs and contributes to innate immune responses and can act as an effector cell in adaptive immune responses
  17. thymus-derived lymphocyte that are comprised of two different subsets, CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells

34 Clues: what does IR stand for? • the Ag receptor on T cells • immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells • the end stage of disease in HIV infection • multiple drug treatment for HIV infection • name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans • an immunoglobulin that is expressed on B cell surface • protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong • ...

Immune System Terms 2022-02-01

Immune System Terms crossword puzzle
Across
  1. type of white blood cell that ingests invading microbes
  2. killer cells,A type of white blood cell that can kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells
  3. that are made at the site of an infection
  4. substances that trigger the attack of antibodies in the immune response.
  5. determinants (epitopes),Parts of the antigens that the immune system recognizes
  6. in the respiratory system that traps pathogens and prevents them from entering the body
  7. compound that is released by cells in response to injury and in allergic and inflammatory reactions, causing contraction of smooth muscle and dilation of capillaries.
  8. type of white blood cell that make antibodies to fight off infections
  9. Cells,Cells that release chemicals (such as histamine) that promote inflammation.
  10. associated molecular patterns (PAMPs),Molecules associated with groups of pathogens that are recognized by cells of the innate immune system
  11. memory,The capacity of the immune system to make quicker and stronger adaptive immune responses the next encounter with an antigen
  12. deletion,Removal of b-cells and t-cells through apoptosis
  13. selection,The process by which an antigen selectively binds to and activates only those lymphocytes bearing receptors specific for the antigen causes an immune response
  14. region,Antigen binding site
  15. immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS),A disorder in which the immune system is gradually weakened and eventually disabled by the human immunodeficiency virus
  16. Defenses,surface barriers and internal defenses
  17. released by the immune system communicate with the brain.
  18. immunodeficiency virus (HIV),Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body's immune system so that the body is unable to fight infections
  19. cells,Cells that release signaling molecules to stimulate the immune response
  20. region,Portion of an antibody molecule that is not variable and participates in the binding of other immune modulators
  21. cells,Muscle cells or gland cells that carry out the body's response to stimuli
  22. recognition receptors (PRRs),Proteins on or in cells that recognize specific compounds unique to microbes or tissue damage, allowing the cells to sense the presence of invading microbes or damage
  23. T cells,Control the T-cell response
  24. C,A immune cell that can kill certain cells such as foreign cells, cancer cells, and infected cells.
Down
  1. localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues
  2. enzymes found on the skin
  3. immune system response
  4. immune response,Specific defense that uses T cells
  5. presentation,The process by which an MHC molecule binds to a fragment of an intracellular protein antigen and carries it to the cell surface, where it is displayed and can be recognized by a T cell
  6. defences,humoral immunity and cellular immunity
  7. hypersensitive to a external molecule
  8. immune response,Immune response after the body has already been exposed to a specific antigen. Response is faster, of greater magnitude, and more prolonged
  9. immune response,The initial immune response to an antigen
  10. enzyme that is used by macrophages to destroy pathogens
  11. that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body
  12. causing agents
  13. immune response,The branch of acquired immunity that involves the activation of B cells and that leads to the production of antibodies, which defend against bacteria and viruses in body fluids
  14. blood cells,Blood cells that perform the function of destroying disease-causing microorganisms
  15. cells,Produce antibodies
  16. extreme response by the body to a infection
  17. of immune response to one's own tissues
  18. to disease
  19. diseases,Diseases caused when the immune system loses tolerance for self and turns against certain molecules in the body.
  20. cells,Responsible for immunological memory and protective immunity
  21. necrosis,Necrosis that may occur in rapidly growing neoplasms that out-grow their blood supply

45 Clues: to disease • causing agents • immune system response • cells,Produce antibodies • enzymes found on the skin • region,Antigen binding site • T cells,Control the T-cell response • hypersensitive to a external molecule • of immune response to one's own tissues • that are made at the site of an infection • extreme response by the body to a infection • ...

Cells by Ericka Alvarado 2022-12-15

Cells by Ericka Alvarado crossword puzzle
Across
  1. a constant internal environment maintained by cells
  2. smallest unit of life
  3. surrounds the outside of all cells
  4. lower concentration than solution being compared
  5. organisms made of more than one cell working together
  6. what process takes place inside the chloroplast
  7. long whip like structures found on the some cells to help them move
  8. control center of eukaryote cells
  9. made of RNA and proteins and where proteins are made
Down
  1. organelle inside the nucleus that makes ribosome
  2. greater concentration than solution being compared
  3. a double layer of these molecules make up the plasma membrane
  4. structures in the nucleus made of DNA and proteins
  5. made of cellulose and surrounds the outside of plant cells
  6. centrioles are found in what type of cells
  7. cells with a true nucleus
  8. movement of water in the cell membrane all over than membrane
  9. Idea that all living things are made of cells
  10. cells like bacteria without a nucleus or membrane bound organelles
  11. cell structures that perform specific functions for the cell

20 Clues: smallest unit of life • cells with a true nucleus • control center of eukaryote cells • surrounds the outside of all cells • centrioles are found in what type of cells • Idea that all living things are made of cells • what process takes place inside the chloroplast • organelle inside the nucleus that makes ribosome • lower concentration than solution being compared • ...

The Immune Response 2024-03-21

The Immune Response crossword puzzle
Across
  1. ___ cells. Gives rise to both myeloid and lymphoid cells, respectively
  2. 55% component of blood
  3. An immune response stimulated by infection. Characterized by swelling, redness, pain, and heat
  4. Innate lymphocytes that secrete cytokines to kill infected cells
  5. Barrier that is reliant on lowering pH to provide nonspecific defense
  6. Transmembrane proteins that recognize PAMPs and trigger internal signaling reactions in self cells (3 letters)
  7. Most abundant leukocyte.
  8. PRR, in long form
  9. The scientific study of the immune system
  10. Cell characterized by CD8 and CD4 types
Down
  1. Interferes with viral infections of host cells. Type of cytokine
  2. Complement pathway that relies on Mannose-binding lectin
  3. The ingestion of cells by other cells
  4. Antibody protein
  5. Occurs in the bone marrow. Process of pluripotent stem cells differentiating into other RBCs
  6. Type of immunity that provides non-specific defense
  7. Barrier like the epidermis that prevents infection
  8. General type of molecule that cytokines and chemokines belong to (2 words)
  9. Type of immunity that provides specific defense
  10. White blood cells

20 Clues: Antibody protein • White blood cells • PRR, in long form • 55% component of blood • Most abundant leukocyte. • The ingestion of cells by other cells • Cell characterized by CD8 and CD4 types • The scientific study of the immune system • Type of immunity that provides specific defense • Barrier like the epidermis that prevents infection • ...

Cell History, Theory, Parts/Function 2023-10-31

Cell History, Theory, Parts/Function crossword puzzle
Across
  1. observed bacteria and microorganisms using the term "animalcules"
  2. converts glucose into ATP
  3. type of cell that does not have a nucleus
  4. environment between the cell membrane and nucleus
  5. provides strength and support to plant cells
  6. controls the materials moving in and out of the cell
  7. packages and labels proteins
  8. control center for the cell; contains DNA
  9. hypothesized that cells come from preexisting cells
  10. transports materials (proteins) through the cell
Down
  1. type of cell that contain a nucleus
  2. converts light into glucose
  3. hair-like proteins that move the cell
  4. hypothesized that all animals are made of cells
  5. all living things are made of cells, cells come from preexisting cells, cells are the basic unit of life
  6. hypothesized that all plants are made of cells
  7. used the word "cell" for the first time while observing cork
  8. breaks down waste
  9. assemble proteins
  10. stores water, nutrients, and waste
  11. tail-like proteins that move the cell

21 Clues: breaks down waste • assemble proteins • converts glucose into ATP • converts light into glucose • packages and labels proteins • stores water, nutrients, and waste • type of cell that contain a nucleus • hair-like proteins that move the cell • tail-like proteins that move the cell • type of cell that does not have a nucleus • control center for the cell; contains DNA • ...

Development of T cells 2023-03-28

Development of T cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. A subset of CD4 T cells is called _______ CD4 T cells.
  2. commit to the T-cell lineage before rearranging their T-cell receptor genes
  3. _____ involution the shrinking age of thymus with age
  4. T-cell development gives rise to to two functionally different _______ of T cells.
  5. _______ of an autoreactive CD4 T cell by a regulatory T cell is dependent on the interaction of both T cells with same antigen-presenting cell.
  6. consits of mature thymocytes, medullary epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and amcrophages
  7. MHC class I proteins display antigens from _______ pathogens.
  8. ______ syndrome is a disorder caused when a small part of chromosome 22 is missing.
  9. T cells specific for self antigens are removed in the thymus by negative selection.
  10. MHC class II proteins are recognized by ______ T-cells.
  11. ________ selection takes place in the cortex of the thymus.
  12. consists of immature thymocytes, branched cortical epithelial cells, and a few macrophages.
Down
  1. MHC class II proteins display antigens from _____ pathogens.
  2. The proportion of the thymus that produces T cells ______ with age.
  3. ________ is dedicated to T-cell development and contains immature T cells, called thymocytes, which are embedded in a network of epithelial cells known as the thymic stroma.
  4. Once a developing thymocyte expresses an α:β receptor and CD4
  5. double ______ is both CD4+CD8+
  6. T cells that undergo apoptosis are ingested by _______ in the thymic cortex.
  7. double _____ cell has no CD4 or CD8
  8. Positive selection determines _______ of either the CD4 or the CD9 co-receptor.
  9. CD8 on its surface, it undergoes two types of selection— positive and negative—both of which involve ________ the receptor’s interactions with the complexes of self peptides bound by self-MHC molecules on the surface of thymic cells
  10. MHC class I proteins are recognized by _____ T-cells.

22 Clues: double ______ is both CD4+CD8+ • double _____ cell has no CD4 or CD8 • _____ involution the shrinking age of thymus with age • MHC class I proteins are recognized by _____ T-cells. • A subset of CD4 T cells is called _______ CD4 T cells. • MHC class II proteins are recognized by ______ T-cells. • MHC class II proteins display antigens from _____ pathogens. • ...

Immunology Acronym Crossword Puzzle 2022-10-03

Immunology Acronym Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Human immunodeficiency virus
  2. large granular lymphocyte that serves as an innate effector cell by inducing apoptosis of target cells
  3. immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
  4. Cluster of differentiation
  5. Antigen presenting cell
  6. Cell mediated immunity
  7. lipopolysaccharide
  8. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
  9. tumor necrosis factor-alpha
  10. family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections; type 1 interferons include IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, as distinguished from IFN-gamma.
  11. Complementarity determining regions
  12. Family names of chemokine receptors, the receptors that chemokines bind to all cell attraction to specific areas in the body.
  13. Interleukin
  14. receptors on immune cells and epithelial cells that recognize and bind to PAMPs on microbes
  15. Recombination-activating gene
  16. intracellular adhesion molecules: cells surface ligands for the leukocyte integrins; Critical in binding of lymphocytes and other leukocytes to certain cells.
  17. Recombination signal sequences
Down
  1. Immunoglobulin, protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
  2. a molecule that is recognized in native (original) structure by antibodies or B cell receptor, or a peptide that is presented by MHC molecules to T cell receptor.
  3. thymus-derived lymphocyte that are comprised of two different subsets, CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells
  4. Human leukocyte antigen
  5. Major histocompatibility complex
  6. Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity
  7. T-cell receptor: the Ag receptor on T cells
  8. Regulatory CD4+ T cells, regulatory T cells: a T cell subset that is responsible for suppressing or limiting immune responses
  9. c-reactive protein
  10. B cell receptor: sIg on B cells that binds Ag and transmits signal 1 to activate B cells.
  11. immune response
  12. Toll-like receptor
  13. Cell adhesion molecule
  14. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
  15. Systemic lupus erythematosus

32 Clues: Interleukin • immune response • lipopolysaccharide • c-reactive protein • Toll-like receptor • Cell mediated immunity • Cell adhesion molecule • Human leukocyte antigen • Antigen presenting cell • Cytotoxic T lymphocytes • Cluster of differentiation • tumor necrosis factor-alpha • Human immunodeficiency virus • Systemic lupus erythematosus • Recombination-activating gene • ...

Jayla's cell puzzle 2025-10-02

Jayla's cell puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. the powerhouse of the cell
  2. membrane controls what enters and exits the cell
  3. are ancient bacteria with unique adaptions to extreme environments
  4. Mitochondria is known as the power house of the cells
  5. storage room for cells and keeps everything safe
  6. Small organs inside the cell that all perform a specific function
  7. The prefix in prokaryotes that means before
  8. The basic unit of life
  9. The control center of the cell
  10. Tiny organelles that hold proteins
Down
  1. what makes plants green
  2. breaks down waste in the cells
  3. The packaging and shipping center of the cells
  4. living
  5. non living
  6. the prefix in abiotic that means without
  7. All cells come from existing cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells are made from existing cells
  8. jelly like filling inside the cells
  9. multicellular organisms that decompose organic material
  10. The outer wall inside of a plant cell that protects and holds the structure of the cell

20 Clues: living • non living • The basic unit of life • what makes plants green • the powerhouse of the cell • breaks down waste in the cells • The control center of the cell • Tiny organelles that hold proteins • jelly like filling inside the cells • the prefix in abiotic that means without • The prefix in prokaryotes that means before • The packaging and shipping center of the cells • ...

Cell Theory 2023-07-31

Cell Theory crossword puzzle
Across
  1. He stated all cells come from other cells based on other persons work.
  2. All cells are the basic structure of all living things.
  3. He studied animals and said cells come from spontaneous generation.
  4. Schleiden thought this about cells.
  5. He named them animalcules.
  6. He came up with the term cells.
  7. He studied plants and said cells come from other living things.
  8. Hooke was looking at when he used the term cell.
Down
  1. All cells are composed of one or more cells.
  2. Used to look at very small objects.
  3. All cells come from other preexisting cells.
  4. Made up of various things.
  5. He created the first compound microscope.
  6. Basic structure and unit of all living things.
  7. Schwann thought cells come from other cells.
  8. His work was used by Virchow to support Schleiden's work.

16 Clues: Made up of various things. • He named them animalcules. • He came up with the term cells. • Used to look at very small objects. • Schleiden thought this about cells. • He created the first compound microscope. • All cells are composed of one or more cells. • All cells come from other preexisting cells. • Schwann thought cells come from other cells. • ...

Cells and Microscopy 2024-11-07

Cells and Microscopy crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Part of microscope where the slide is put
  2. ____ slip glass square put on top of specimens.
  3. Creates proteins
  4. Absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis
  5. Cells that do not have a nucleus
  6. Cell _____ supports the cell
  7. Part of the microscope you look through
  8. Cells that have a nucleus
  9. The ability to distinguish between two points.
  10. Chemical used to stain onion cells
  11. The degree to which an image is larger than the object.
Down
  1. Plants, animals and ____ are eukaryotic cells.
  2. Releases energy
  3. Contains cell sap
  4. Microscopes with low magnification
  5. Controls the cell
  6. Site of chemical reactions
  7. What is a plant's cell wall made from?
  8. _____ lens used to view cells
  9. ____ capsule found outside bacterial cells
  10. Structures that allow bacterial cells to swim
  11. Microscopes with high resolution
  12. Equipment used to view cells
  13. Cell ______ controls what enters and leaves the cell
  14. Small circles of DNA
  15. Glass where specimens are put for microscopes use
  16. Small parts found inside cells

27 Clues: Releases energy • Creates proteins • Contains cell sap • Controls the cell • Small circles of DNA • Cells that have a nucleus • Site of chemical reactions • Cell _____ supports the cell • Equipment used to view cells • _____ lens used to view cells • Small parts found inside cells • Cells that do not have a nucleus • Microscopes with high resolution • Microscopes with low magnification • ...

Human Body System 2022-03-30

Human Body System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. lubricate skin and hair
  2. Includes the skull,column, ribs, and the sternum
  3. The second layer of skin
  4. cells in fetal cartilage develop into bone farming cells
  5. Provides strength and protection
  6. Tough bands of connective tissue that attach one bone to another
  7. hair cells grow out of narrow cavities in the dermis
  8. Outer superficial layer of skin
Down
  1. Made of spongy bone that surrounds the fracture
  2. Mostly made of fat and contains stem cells
  3. Includes the bones of the shoulders, arms, hands, legs and feet
  4. Bones require different amount of time to heal
  5. Break down bone cells
  6. contains blood stem cells
  7. "The body's natural painkillers"
  8. Living bone cells
  9. A protein when waterproofs and protects the cells and tissue that lie underneath
  10. The formation of bone from osteoblasts
  11. Less dense and has many cavities that contain bone marrow
  12. A pigment that absorbs light energy which protects deeper cells from the damaging effects

20 Clues: Living bone cells • Break down bone cells • lubricate skin and hair • The second layer of skin • contains blood stem cells • Outer superficial layer of skin • "The body's natural painkillers" • Provides strength and protection • The formation of bone from osteoblasts • Mostly made of fat and contains stem cells • Bones require different amount of time to heal • ...

BG-G5-TUE Wk 12 (ONLINE) 2023-10-17

BG-G5-TUE Wk 12 (ONLINE) crossword puzzle
Across
  1. type of Artificially produced antibodies, specific to one epitope
  2. White blood cells responsible for producing antibodies (6 letters)
  3. Enhanced by agglutination of bacteria, Neutralisation & Precipitation of dissolved antigens
  4. Body's outer covering (4 letters)
  5. differentiates into a macrophage(8 letters)
  6. Antigenic determinants
  7. relating to the body fluids, especially with regard to immune responses involving antibodies in body fluids as distinct from cells.
  8. B cells or T cells ) are derived from undifferentiated stem cells
  9. stimulated by macrophages
  10. bind to receptors on helper T cells & lymphocytes
Down
  1. Secrete antigen specific antibodies
  2. Swelling and redness often associated with injury or infection (12 letters)
  3. Proteins responsible for presenting antigens to helper T cells (7 letters)
  4. Time after an initial infection before antibodies are produced
  5. These cells are dormant/G0 phase until activated
  6. This cell gives rise to memory T cells and active cytotoxic T cells
  7. trigger programmed cell death
  8. Most abundant in primary and secondary immune responses
  9. Antigen presenting cell

19 Clues: Antigenic determinants • Antigen presenting cell • stimulated by macrophages • trigger programmed cell death • Body's outer covering (4 letters) • Secrete antigen specific antibodies • differentiates into a macrophage(8 letters) • These cells are dormant/G0 phase until activated • bind to receptors on helper T cells & lymphocytes • ...

Cellular Therapy 2024-09-04

Cellular Therapy crossword puzzle
Across
  1. stem cells start to grow and make healthy blood cells
  2. cancer that begins in the lymph system
  3. all BMT and CAR-T polices can be found here
  4. medications are given to push stem cells into the peripheral blood for collection
  5. transplant from a matched donor
  6. medication used to protect against Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP)
  7. starts at day +180 to protect from infectious diseases
  8. occurs at all stages of cellular therapy
  9. formation of blood cellular components
  10. test to determine if donor is a match
  11. person receiving the bone marrow transplant
  12. cancer of the blood cells
  13. donor cells attack the recipient
  14. ANC low or absent
Down
  1. first line treatment for GVHD
  2. common complication of the oral cavity after transplant due to chemo and GVH prophylaxis
  3. % donor cells vs recipient cells
  4. best treatment of GVHD
  5. Myeloma, cancer that starts in the plasma cells
  6. chemotherapy prepares the body for cellular therapy infusion
  7. neurotoxicity from CAR-T
  8. process of collecting stem cells from the peripheral blood
  9. chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy
  10. collection of stem cells from the bone marrow
  11. national database for cellular therapy research
  12. common target organ of GVHD
  13. hallmark presenting sign of CRS (Cytokine Release Syndrome)
  14. transplant from recipient's own stem cells
  15. bone marrow transplant

29 Clues: ANC low or absent • best treatment of GVHD • bone marrow transplant • neurotoxicity from CAR-T • cancer of the blood cells • common target organ of GVHD • first line treatment for GVHD • transplant from a matched donor • % donor cells vs recipient cells • donor cells attack the recipient • test to determine if donor is a match • cancer that begins in the lymph system • ...

BHS 316 Exam #2 Review 2025-08-06

BHS 316 Exam #2 Review crossword puzzle
Across
  1. protein created by B cells that bind to specific antigens
  2. when T cells only recognize and react to antigens presented in context of specific MHC molecules
  3. important signaling protein or cytokine that WBCs make, especially in T lymphocytes
  4. protein on surface of T cells that are co-stimulatory recpetors. Enhances signaling of TCR and helps with cytokine production by binding to ligands CD80/B71 and CD86/B72 that are expressed on APCs
  5. also called CD4+ T cells, important in adaptive immune system. In charge of immune responses that release cytokines and chemokines, which help trigger other immune cell functions for cells like B cells, macrophages, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
  6. process when immune cells increase in number with cell division
  7. protein on surface of T cells that control T cell activation and maintain immune tolerance & suppress autoimmune reactions.
  8. type of receptor on B cells that notice free antigens
  9. type of molecules that present antigens to T cells
  10. T cell marker in cytotoxic T cells, bind to MHC class I
  11. small masses of lymphatic tissue in lining of small intestine, specifically ileium. Important for GALT and monitor contents of digestive tract, trigger immune responses
  12. second signal needed for full T cell activation and facilitated by APCs
  13. Marker for helper T cells, binds to MHC class II
  14. kind of secondary lymphoid tissue in mucosal membranes in body. Trigger immune responses to antigens found on mucosal surfaces (gastrointestinal, respoiratory, genitrouinary tracts). encapsulated and directly samples antigens from outer surrounding with epithelial cells/M cells
  15. molecules important for triggering immune responses by presenting peptide antigens to CD4+ T cells. Found mostly on surface of APCs. Important in cellular and humoral immunity. Also important in autoimmune disease and organ transplants.
  16. type of immune cell that works to connect innate and adaptive immune systems. Share features with T cells and NK cells
  17. creates signals from the immune system that helps communicate responses
Down
  1. kind of lymphocyte that continues to react fast against future infections
  2. type of WBC, also CD8+ T cell, or killer T cell that is an important role in adaptive immune system, direct recognition and destruction of infected cells in a antigen-specific way
  3. specialized blood vessels within lymph nodes and other secondary lymphoid organs. Important for facilitating circulation in lymphocytes in blood to immune tissues and triggering immune responses.Are plump, cube shaped endothelial cells that express adhesion molecules that allow specific recruitment of lymphocytes
  4. kind of cell that triggers T cell responses
  5. specialized cells (ex. dendritic, macrophages) that present antigens
  6. kind of B cell that secretes a lot of antibodies
  7. how strongly an antibody bonds to an antigen
  8. receptors on T cells that notice antigen-MHC complexes
  9. procedure when B cells alter their kind of antibody it makes
  10. small gland in lymphatic system. Creates WBCs to aid in immune system and its functions
  11. specialized epithelial cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissue and othe rmucosal tissues. sample antigens and pathogens in gut lumen and move them to immune cells below epithelium, trigger immune response
  12. family of cell surface proteins important for adaptive immune system. Present short peptide fragments from proteins degraded w/i cell to T cells. Allows immune system to recognize and react to intracellular pathogens.
  13. triggers an immune response

30 Clues: triggers an immune response • kind of cell that triggers T cell responses • how strongly an antibody bonds to an antigen • kind of B cell that secretes a lot of antibodies • Marker for helper T cells, binds to MHC class II • type of molecules that present antigens to T cells • type of receptor on B cells that notice free antigens • ...

CARDIAC MUSCLE 2019-12-11

CARDIAC MUSCLE crossword puzzle
Across
  1. When a cardiac muscle cell contracts, the ________ filament pulls the actin filaments toward each other.
  2. Cardiac cells have only a single _________.
  3. Cardiac muscle cells also contain _________.
  4. The cell uses ATP to ______ this contraction.
  5. Pacemaker cells control the ________ of your heart.
  6. Cardiac muscle fibers also possess many mitochondria and _______.
  7. The heart acts as a ________ to propel blood.
  8. _________ of cardiac muscle is pumping blood.
  9. Exercise can __________ your cardiac muscle.
  10. Cardiac muscle fibers are ________ than skeletal muscle fibers.
  11. Your nervous system sends _________ to pacemaker cells that prompt them to either speed up or slow down your heart rate.
  12. Pacemaker cells are ________ to other cardiac muscle cells, allowing them to pass along signals.
Down
  1. The heart acts as a pump to propel blood through the _______ vessels.
  2. Cardiac cells have only a _________ nucleus.
  3. Cardiac muscle tissue is one of the three types of _______ tissue.
  4. Cardiac muscle also called heart muscle or ________.
  5. cardiac muscle has __________.
  6. Cardiac muscle cells appear striated or striped under a __________.
  7. Cells joined end-to-end with ________ disk in between.
  8. Its contraction is not under ________ control.
  9. This through specialized cells called _______ cells.
  10. Involuntary heart ________ also a function of cardiac muscle.
  11. ________ muscle is found in the heart wall.

23 Clues: cardiac muscle has __________. • Cardiac cells have only a single _________. • ________ muscle is found in the heart wall. • Cardiac cells have only a _________ nucleus. • Cardiac muscle cells also contain _________. • Exercise can __________ your cardiac muscle. • The cell uses ATP to ______ this contraction. • The heart acts as a ________ to propel blood. • ...

Cell Theory 2021-09-24

Cell Theory crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Cells are the basic building blocks of ___.
  2. Organisms made of many cells.
  3. This scientist studied animals and identified that all animals are made of cells.
  4. Scientist who first discovered and named the cell.
  5. Scientist who observed living cells under the microscope.
  6. Organisms made of one cell.
Down
  1. This scientist studied plants and identified that all plants are made of cells.
  2. Science tool that made it possible to discovery cells.
  3. Scientist who stated that all cells come from pre-existing cells.
  4. Type of cell that Schleiden studied.
  5. The building block of all living things.
  6. All living things are made of ___ or more cells.
  7. All cells come from ___ cells.
  8. Inferred explanations in science, strongly supported by evidence.
  9. Robert Hooke viewed this under a microscope and first identified cells.
  10. Type of cell that Schwann studied.
  11. A unicellular organism Anton van Leeuwenhoek observed.

17 Clues: Organisms made of one cell. • Organisms made of many cells. • All cells come from ___ cells. • Type of cell that Schwann studied. • Type of cell that Schleiden studied. • The building block of all living things. • Cells are the basic building blocks of ___. • All living things are made of ___ or more cells. • Scientist who first discovered and named the cell. • ...

Animals and Plants Cells - Trinity Sinson 2022-09-19

Animals and Plants Cells - Trinity Sinson crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Folded membrane.
  2. PLANT CELLS ONLY protect and maintain the shape.
  3. Where cellular respiration happens.
  4. ANIMAL CELLS ONLY contain enzymes.
  5. ANIMAL CELLS ONLY Threadlike fibers.
  6. ANIMAL CELLS ONLY made of microtubules.
  7. PLANT CELLS ONLY storage center.
  8. Jelly-like structure mainly made up of water.
  9. Made of proteins and rRNA.
  10. Structures within the cell. that work together to help the cell function.
Down
  1. ANIMAL & BACTERIA ONLY longer, fewer (1-3)
  2. PLANT CELLS ONLY where photosynthesis happens.
  3. No ribosomes on the surface and attached to rough ER.
  4. the outside of ALL CELLS!
  5. Has ribosomes on the surface and hugs the nucleus.
  6. Contains material DNA.
  7. small and numerous in animal cells, one large central one in plant cells.
  8. Inside of the nucleus.

18 Clues: Folded membrane. • Contains material DNA. • Inside of the nucleus. • the outside of ALL CELLS! • Made of proteins and rRNA. • PLANT CELLS ONLY storage center. • ANIMAL CELLS ONLY contain enzymes. • Where cellular respiration happens. • ANIMAL CELLS ONLY Threadlike fibers. • ANIMAL CELLS ONLY made of microtubules. • ANIMAL & BACTERIA ONLY longer, fewer (1-3) • ...

IPIID Acronyms 2021-09-21

IPIID Acronyms crossword puzzle
Across
  1. large granular lymphocyte that serves as an innate effector cell by inducing apoptosis of target cells(virally infected cells or tumor cells)
  2. immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
  3. a mechanism NK cells use to induce apoptosis in virally infected cells or tumor cells
  4. designation for specific cell-surface molecules on immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
  5. type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
  6. receptors on immune cells and epithelial cells that recognize and bind to PAMPs on microbes
  7. amino acid sequence in cytoplasmic domains of membrane receptors involved in signal transduction
  8. white blood cells with multi-lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules
  9. family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections(type 1 interferons include IFN-alpha and IFN-beta as distinguished from IFN-gamma)
  10. sIg on B cells that binds Ag and transmits signal 1 to activate B cells
  11. and product of the Complement cascade that can kill pathogens directly by forming a pore in pathogen membrane leading to lysis
  12. designation for a family of cell surface molecules involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to T cells
  13. cells surface ligands for the leukocyte integrins
  14. a cell wall component of gram negative bacteria which can be bound by TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
  15. the Ag receptor on T cells
  16. a cell that is able to present antigen via MHC molecules to T cell receptors on T cells
  17. the regions of the antigen binding loops of Ig molecules or antibodies and T cell receptors that come into contact with antigen
  18. T cell subset that is responsible for suppressing or limiting immune responses
  19. soluble acute phase response protein that can bind mannose on pathogens and can activate the lectin pathway of Complement and acts as an opsonin
  20. an immunoglobulin that is expressed on B cell surface
  21. family names of chemokines or chemicals that are a sub-class of cytokines with cell-attractant properties
  22. name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
  23. short DNA sequences flanking Ig and TCR V and D and J gene segments that serve as the binding sites for the RAG complex and allow Ig and TCR gene rearrangement(somatic recombination)
Down
  1. the part of an antibody that consists of the carboxy terminal halves of the two heavy chains disulfide-bonded to each other or the Fc region of an antibody is where Fc receptors bind and so is responsible for antibody effector function (after antigen binding occurs)
  2. general designation of many of the different cytokines chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other cells
  3. transcription factor that helps activate the expression of many pro-inflammatory genes
  4. the end stage of disease in HIV infection
  5. acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine otherwise known as a constituent of certain bacteria, that can trigger Complement activation and acts as an opsonin
  6. adaptive immune responses in which there is a major role for effector T cells
  7. a cytokine produced by macrophages and T cells that is highly pro-inflammatory
  8. the part of an antibody (that can be isolated by protease digestion) responsible for antigen binding and consisting of the light chain and amino-terminal half of the heavy chain disulfide-bonded together
  9. immune response
  10. key transcription factor that is required to bind to the IL-2 promoter to cause IL-2 transcription
  11. member of TNF receptor family expressed on certain cells that makes them susceptible to being killed by cells expressing the Fas ligand
  12. repeating molecular patterns on microbes that are recognized by PRRs on immune cells
  13. multiple drug treatment for HIV infection
  14. family of Pattern Recognition Receptors present on many leukocytes and epithelial cells that recognize PAMPs on pathogens and help initiate immune responses
  15. protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
  16. thymus-derived lymphocyte that are comprised of two different subsets (CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells)
  17. a molecule that is recognized in native structure by antibodies or B cell receptor, or a peptide that is presented by MHC molecules to T cell
  18. cell adhesion molecule
  19. CD8+ T cells with the effector function of targeting and killing virally infected cells and tumor cells by apoptosis
  20. B lymphocyte that upon activation can differentiate into plasma cells secreting antibody molecules or B memory cells
  21. family names of chemokine receptors or the receptors that chemokines bind to all cell attraction to specific areas in the body
  22. autoimmune disease where autoantibodies(against DNA and RNA and proteins associated with nucleic acids) form immune complexes
  23. Human immunodeficiency virus
  24. a transcription factor that causes several hundred tissue-specific genes to be transcribed by a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the thymus

47 Clues: immune response • cell adhesion molecule • the Ag receptor on T cells • Human immunodeficiency virus • immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells • the end stage of disease in HIV infection • multiple drug treatment for HIV infection • name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans • cells surface ligands for the leukocyte integrins • ...

Biology create a crossword 2025-02-10

Biology create a crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Animal Cells
  2. Reproductive System
  3. Plant Cells
  4. Nervous System
  5. Urinary System
  6. Integumentary System
  7. Organ Systems
  8. Smooth Tissue
  9. Cardiac Tissue
  10. Skeletal System
  11. Muscle
  12. Connective
  13. Organs
Down
  1. Muscular System
  2. Nervous
  3. Cardiovasular System
  4. Endocrine System
  5. Skeletal Tissue
  6. Tissues
  7. Cells
  8. Epithelial

21 Clues: Cells • Muscle • Organs • Nervous • Tissues • Epithelial • Connective • Plant Cells • Animal Cells • Organ Systems • Smooth Tissue • Nervous System • Urinary System • Cardiac Tissue • Muscular System • Skeletal Tissue • Skeletal System • Endocrine System • Reproductive System • Cardiovasular System • Integumentary System

Blood Terminology 2025-10-11

Blood Terminology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
  2. pressure: The force of blood against the walls of blood vessels.
  3. factors: Proteins that help blood clot.
  4. Transfusion:
  5. A condition in which there are too many red blood cells in the blood.
  6. Blood Cells (Leukocytes):
  7. The rhythm of the heart as it pumps blood through the body.
  8. A condition in which there are too few platelets in the blood.
  9. A blood clot or other material that blocks a blood vessel.
  10. (Thrombocytes):
  11. Terms:
  12. The liquid portion of blood that contains proteins, electrolytes, and other substances.
  13. The process of stopping bleeding.
  14. A medical professional who specializes in hematology.
Down
  1. White blood cells that include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.
  2. The study of blood.
  3. type: A classification of blood based on the presence or absence of certain antigens on the surface of red blood cells.
  4. White blood cells that include T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells.
  5. Plasma that has had its clotting factors removed.
  6. aggregation: The process by which platelets stick together to form a clot.
  7. A condition in which there are too few red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood.
  8. blood: Blood that is given from one person to another.
  9. blood: Blood that receives the donated blood.
  10. Blood Cells (Erythrocytes):
  11. components: The different parts of blood, including plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
  12. A cancer of the white blood cells.

26 Clues: Terms: • Transfusion: • (Thrombocytes): • The study of blood. • Blood Cells (Leukocytes): • Blood Cells (Erythrocytes): • The process of stopping bleeding. • A cancer of the white blood cells. • factors: Proteins that help blood clot. • blood: Blood that receives the donated blood. • Plasma that has had its clotting factors removed. • ...

IPIID-TerickaHenderson 2023-09-27

IPIID-TerickaHenderson crossword puzzle
Across
  1. upon activation can differentiate into plasma cells secreting antibody molecules or B memory cells
  2. name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
  3. repeating molecular patterns on microbes that are recognized by PRRs
  4. T-cell receptor: a family of Pattern Recognition Receptors present on many leukocytes and epithelial cells
  5. Recombination signal sequences
  6. T-cell receptor: the Ag receptor on T cell
  7. crystallied fragment of antibody
  8. Transcription factor expressed in Treg cells that is needed for Treg cell function
  9. a molecule that is recognized in native (original) structure by antibodies or B cell receptor
  10. large granular lymphocyte that serves as an innate effector cell by inducing apoptosis of target cells (virally infected cells of tumor cells)
  11. autoimmune disease where autoantibodies (against DNA, RNA and proteins associated with nucleic acids) form immune complexes
  12. Cluster of differentiation
  13. Interferon: family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections
  14. surface immunoglobulin: an immunoglobulin that is expressed on B cell surface
  15. Cell mediated immunity
Down
  1. Family names of chemokines, chemicals that are a sub-class of cytokines with cell attractant properteis
  2. systemic lupus erythematosus: autoimmune disease where autoantibodies
  3. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy
  4. Member of TNF receptor family expressed on certain cells that make them susceptible to being killed by cells expressing the Fas ligand
  5. Pattern recognition receptors on immune cell and epithelial cells
  6. subset of CD4T characterized by the cytokines they produce
  7. cell adhesion molecule
  8. immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cell.
  9. Recombination signal sequences
  10. cell a type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
  11. Fragment with antigen binding
  12. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
  13. cells surface ligands for the leukocyte integrins

28 Clues: Cell mediated immunity • cell adhesion molecule • Cluster of differentiation • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes • Fragment with antigen binding • Recombination signal sequences • Recombination signal sequences • crystallied fragment of antibody • Highly active anti-retroviral therapy • immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cell. • T-cell receptor: the Ag receptor on T cell • ...

Cell Test Review 2021-11-21

Cell Test Review crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Packages and ships proteins for export
  2. Types of cells that have a true nucleus
  3. Membrane pouch that transports proteins out of cells
  4. Criteria of life supported by cell membrane
  5. Class in which you learn about living things
  6. Where water is stored in a plant cell
  7. First person to discover cells
  8. Criteria of life supported by mitochondria and chloroplasts
  9. Rigid strong outer boundary of plant cells
Down
  1. Tool used by biologist to view cells
  2. Structure found in all cells that begins the process of making proteins
  3. The shape of a cell helps us understand its ___
  4. Type of endoplasmic reticulum that has attached ribosomes
  5. Every test day is a
  6. Flexible boundary around cells
  7. Greendale High School mascot
  8. Hairs on the surface of some cells that provide movement
  9. Type of cell that have no cell wall and centrioles
  10. Organelle found in white blood cells that helps break down invaders

19 Clues: Every test day is a • Greendale High School mascot • Flexible boundary around cells • First person to discover cells • Tool used by biologist to view cells • Where water is stored in a plant cell • Packages and ships proteins for export • Types of cells that have a true nucleus • Rigid strong outer boundary of plant cells • Criteria of life supported by cell membrane • ...

Cell Culture 2021-03-29

Cell Culture crossword puzzle
Across
  1. this is the process by which prokaryotic, eukaryotic or plant cells are grown under controlled conditions. But in practice it also refers to the culturing of cells derived from animal cells.
  2. the last one of the cultures of animal cells that are usually divided into 3 classes and are cells in a cell strain that undergo a transformation process (spontaneous or induced changes in karyotype, morphology or growth properties) that makes them "immortal“ (able to divide indefinitely).
  3. this is the general name for the removal of cells, tissues or organs from an animal or plant and their subsequent placement into artificial environment conductive to growth.
  4. these are cell lines which have a limited life span and go through a limited number of cell generations (usually 20-80 population doublings) are known as finite cell lines. These cell lines exhibit the property of contact inhibition, density limitation and anchorage dependence. The growth rate is slow and doubling time is around 24-96 hours.
  5. this is another study that involves cell cultures where the cultivation of virus for vaccine production, also used to study there infectious cycle.
  6. this is for sterility.
  7. these type of cells are cells that do not attach remain in suspension with a spherical shape.
  8. these are commonly used but they do grow slower and are more fragile than bacterial cells. Also have more complex nutrient requirements.
  9. this one of the studies that cell culture is involved in where Studying basic cell biology, interactions between disease causing agents and cells, effects of drugs on cells, process and triggering of aging & nutritional studies.
  10. this is an experimental technique that uses genes, so to treat or prevent diseases. Also this is used in cell culture for cells having a functional gene can be replaced to cells which are having non-functional gene.
  11. This is the second method used by primary culture, which is more widely used and speeds up the process by adding digesting (proteolytic) enzymes such as trypsin or collagenase to the tissue fragments to dissolve the cement holding the cells together, which creates a suspension of single cells that are then placed into culture vessels containing culture medium and allowed to grow and divide.
  12. these type of cells like to attached to a substrate and appears flattened and polygonal in shape.
  13. these were first used to make genetically engineered products and they reproduce very quickly.
  14. this is for proper atmospheric conditions.
  15. these type of culturing of cells either grows as monolayer or as suspension.
Down
  1. this is another study involving cell where you Study the effects of new drugs.
  2. this is an essential amino acid required by virtually all mammalian cells grown in culture.
  3. these type of culturing of cells are anchorage-independent e.g. blood cells.
  4. another one of the cultures of animal cells that are usually divided into 3 classes and are cells that have been adapted to culture but, unlike cell lines, have a finite division potential.
  5. this is for cell counting.
  6. this the another study that cell culture is involved in where Studying the function of various chemicals, virus & radiation to convert normal cultured cells to cancerous cells.
  7. this is one of the method used by primary culture where small pieces of tissue are attached (using plasma clots or fibrinogen) to a glass or treated plastic culture vessel and immersed in culture medium and after a few days individual cells will move from the tissue explant out onto the culture vessel surface or substrate where they will begin to divide and grow.
  8. the first one of the cultures of animal cells that are usually divided into 3 classes and are cells that are surgically removed from an organism and placed into a suitable culture environment they will attach, divide and grow.
  9. this refers to the direct manipulation of DNA by altering an organism’s characteristics, like the phenotype, in a way. Also used in cell culture for production of commercial proteins, large scale production of viruses for use in vaccine production e.g. polio, rabies, chicken pox, hepatitis B & measles.
  10. this is for viewing cells on hemocytometer.
  11. these are cell lines that grow for a limited number of generations after which they ceases cell lines which either occur spontaneously or induced virally or chemically transformed.
  12. these type of culturing of cells must adhere to a surface to survive, Form monolayers, e.g. cells derived from different tissue (breast, liver), Growth is limited by surface area, Will cease proliferating once they become confluent (completely cover the surface of cell culture vessel) and Cells are dissociated enzymatically or mechanically from surface.
  13. these type of cells like to attached to an substrate appears elongated and bipolar.

28 Clues: this is for sterility. • this is for cell counting. • this is for proper atmospheric conditions. • this is for viewing cells on hemocytometer. • these type of culturing of cells are anchorage-independent e.g. blood cells. • these type of culturing of cells either grows as monolayer or as suspension. • ...

Growth and differentiation 2021-12-15

Growth and differentiation crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Some adult cells are so complex and highly differentiated (often because they have fused with other cells) that they cannot divide to replenish damaged tissue and these are called:
  2. this is when a cell becomes highly specialised with specific form and function
  3. This is the name of cells which divide rapidly and complete a cycle of cell division (G1-->M) every 16-24 h.
  4. Cells which are in G0 phase but when stimulated can re-enter the cell cycle and divide are called:
  5. These abnormal cells are immortal can divide indefinitely
  6. This is when cells divide to increase cell number and increase the size of tissue as an adaptive response
  7. Cell death in tissues which cannot replace lost static (terminally differentiated) cells this type of loss results in _________ cellular atrophy
  8. This is an reversible adaptive response and is an acquired change in differentiation status
Down
  1. The process of maturation of the progenitor cells to replace the functional cells of the tissue is called:
  2. Proliferating progenitor cells do not have an infinite capacity to divide. As the cells reach the limit (50-60 cell divisions) they then become:
  3. This is the only possible adaptive response for static cells to increase size of tissue
  4. Adult stem cells can self renew via mitosis but these cells are usually not in cell cycle, this non-dividing "resting' status is referred to as:
  5. This is the failure of a tissue to reach normal size during development
  6. This is a consequence of abnormal differentiation and abnormal cell-to-cell communication, these labile cells however can only replicate a finite number of times
  7. The proliferating daughter cells produced from stem cells are called:
  8. Stable cells which provide the key function in a tissue are called:
  9. This process is used to selectively delete cells to decrease cell number as an adaptation to decreased functional requirements
  10. Proliferation of these daughter cells can increase the number of cells in adult tissues to replenish lost cells. This amplification process leads to:

18 Clues: These abnormal cells are immortal can divide indefinitely • Stable cells which provide the key function in a tissue are called: • The proliferating daughter cells produced from stem cells are called: • This is the failure of a tissue to reach normal size during development • this is when a cell becomes highly specialised with specific form and function • ...

Histology 2020-10-02

Histology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Cells excrete the substances through exocytosis
  2. 2 layers of cube shaped cells
  3. bone tissue
  4. columnar cells of free surface
  5. Collagen fibers are arranged in many directions
  6. study of tissues
  7. free surface cells vary in appearance
  8. connective tissue proper
  9. fibers which are the main structural part of the tissue
  10. non-striated&involuntary found in uterus
  11. holds organs in place and attaches epithelial tissue to other underlying tissues
  12. store energy in the form of fat
  13. A portion of the cell that pinches off with the secreted products
  14. cell nuclei appeared stratified but not
  15. 10% of nerve cells, convert stimuli into nerve impulses
  16. single,flat layer of cells, thin/permeable
  17. secretes substances outward through duct
  18. voluntary striated
Down
  1. Firm ground substance with lacuna,few collagen fibers
  2. ductless glands that secrete hormones through the blood stream
  3. striated&involuntary found in heart
  4. tissue that lines every open space
  5. Contains lots of collagen, mostly running parallel
  6. collagen fibers are densely packed, and arranged in parallel
  7. 90% of nerve cells, support and protect neurons
  8. provides a flexible cushioning
  9. single layer of cube shaped cells
  10. Cells rupture and spill products into the duct
  11. consisting of or turned into bone
  12. blood cells/blood
  13. tissue that allow you to move/contract
  14. thick layers protect under-layers
  15. Blob-like cells that engulf invading substances or organisms
  16. single layer of tall close packed cells
  17. cartilage
  18. Detect foreign substances

36 Clues: cartilage • bone tissue • study of tissues • blood cells/blood • voluntary striated • connective tissue proper • Detect foreign substances • 2 layers of cube shaped cells • columnar cells of free surface • provides a flexible cushioning • store energy in the form of fat • single layer of cube shaped cells • consisting of or turned into bone • thick layers protect under-layers • ...

D 2023-10-16

D crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Radiosensitivity of the ova varies throughout the _____ of the germ cell.
  2. Even low doses received during diagnostic imaging procedures can cause _______ damage
  3. A 20Gy dose to female germ cells may be _______ if the dose is fractionated over several weeks.
  4. ionizing radiation
  5. ionizing radiation affects blood cells by ______ the number of active cells in the peripheral circulation.
  6. Dose of 2 Gy to spermatogonia may cause temporary _____ , while 5 or 6 Gy may
  7. Mature spermatogonia are specialized and do not divide, therefore, they are ______
  8. One of the most radiosensitive type of human cell.
  9. Ovaries of a fetus and young childern are very radiosensitive because they have a large number of ____ cells and immature cells.
  10. Because the body is constantly regenerating, _______ tissue cells are highly radiosensitive.
Down
  1. Most red blood cells are produced in the bone _______.
  2. Raditaion exposure decreases the number of _______ blood cells.
  3. Male reproductive cells that have received 0.1 Gy or more may pass on genetic ____.
  4. it to be permanent.
  5. Neuron _______ - Period of development and change of the nerve cells in
  6. Effects of ionizing radiation differ from female to male germ cells because of their different process of ______
  7. cells, Because these cells are highly specialized and do not divide, they are relatively insensitive to radiation.
  8. Radiation can temporary or permanently damage ____ and axon.
  9. The more mature and __________ a cell is, the less sensitive it is to radiation.
  10. the ________ radiation dose received, the _______ the amount of cell depletion.
  11. If the offspring received damaged chromosomes, the child may be born with ______

21 Clues: ionizing radiation • it to be permanent. • One of the most radiosensitive type of human cell. • Most red blood cells are produced in the bone _______. • Radiation can temporary or permanently damage ____ and axon. • Raditaion exposure decreases the number of _______ blood cells. • Neuron _______ - Period of development and change of the nerve cells in • ...

BVB201 crossword (The Immune system) 2023-11-04

BVB201 crossword (The Immune system) crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Phagocytic cells presenting antigens on their surface.
  2. Y-shaped proteins, immunoglobulins, with constant and variable regions.
  3. Antimicrobial agents released by granulocytes.
  4. Administration of a vaccine to stimulate an immune response.
  5. T cells Cells activated by infected cells, releasing perforin and granzymes.
  6. Cellular process where pathogens are engulfed and digested.
  7. Protein released by cytotoxic T cells, creating pores in infected cells.
  8. Leukocytes in the blood responding to chemicals released during infection.
Down
  1. Signaling molecules released by immune cells.
  2. Antigenic determinants on pathogens recognized by B cell receptors.
  3. Cells like neutrophils with granules releasing antimicrobial agents and enzymes.
  4. immunity Immediate nonspecific defenses targeting any pathogen.
  5. Compatibility of tissues to avoid immune rejection.
  6. Movement of immune cells toward a chemical signal.
  7. State of reduced immune function.
  8. Foreign molecules recognized by the immune system that stimulate a response.
  9. White blood cells playing a crucial role in the adaptive immune system.
  10. Phagocytic cells involved in innate immunity.

18 Clues: State of reduced immune function. • Signaling molecules released by immune cells. • Phagocytic cells involved in innate immunity. • Antimicrobial agents released by granulocytes. • Movement of immune cells toward a chemical signal. • Compatibility of tissues to avoid immune rejection. • Phagocytic cells presenting antigens on their surface. • ...

Chapter 43 Vocabulary 2015-03-27

Chapter 43 Vocabulary crossword puzzle
Across
  1. A protein that has antiviral or immune regulatory functions; secreted by T cells, helps activate macrophages
  2. A vertebrate specific defense that is mediated by B cells and T cells and that exhibits specificity, memory, and self-nonself recognition; also called acquired immunity
  3. A type of lymphocyte that, when activated, kills infected cells as well as certain cancer cells and transplanted cells.
  4. A type of T-Cells that when activated, secretes cytokines that promote the response of B cells and cytotoxic T cells to antigens.
  5. A cell that upon ingesting pathogens or internalizing pathogen proteins generates peptide fragments that are bound by class II MHC molecules and subsequently displayed on the cell surface to T cells.
  6. Short-term immunity conferred by the transfer of antibodies, as occurs in the transfer of maternal antibodies to a fetus or nursing infant.
  7. A form of defense common to all animals that is active immediately upon exposure to a pathogen and that is the same whether or not the pathogen has been encountered previously
  8. An immunological disorder in which the immune system turns against self.
  9. A protein secreted by plasma cell (differentiated B cells) that binds to a particular antigen; also called immunoglobulin.
  10. The adaptive immune response elicited on second or subsequent exposures to a particular antigen.
  11. The branch of adaptive immunity that involves the activation of B cells and that leads to the production of antibodies, which defend against bacteria and viruses in body fluids
  12. A phagocyte cell present in many tissues that functions in innate immunity by destroying microbes and in acquired immunity
  13. A substance that elicits an immune response by binding to receptors of B or T cells
Down
  1. A substance released by most cells that causes blood vessels to dilate and become more permeable in inflammatory and allergic responses
  2. The initial adaptive immune response to an antigen, which appears after a lag of about 10-17 days
  3. A type of white blood cell that mediates immune responses; 2 main types: B and T cells
  4. The lymphocytes that complete their development in the bone marrow and become effector cells for the humoral immune response
  5. The branch of adaptive immunity that involves the activation of cytotoxic T cells, which defend against infected cells
  6. The class of lymphocytes that mature in the thymus; they include both effector cell for the cell-mediated response and helper cells required for both branches of adaptive immunity
  7. One of a clone of long-lived lymphocytes, formed during the primary immune response.
  8. The most abundant type of white blood cell.
  9. A lymphocyte that has undergone clonal selection and is capable of mediating an adaptive immune response
  10. Long-lasting immunity conferred by the action of B cells and T cells and the resulting B and T memory cells specific for a pathogen. Active immunity can develop as a result of natural infection or immunization.

23 Clues: The most abundant type of white blood cell. • An immunological disorder in which the immune system turns against self. • A substance that elicits an immune response by binding to receptors of B or T cells • One of a clone of long-lived lymphocytes, formed during the primary immune response. • ...

Cells Vocab 2024-01-11

Cells Vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. An organism with multiple cells.
  2. group of organs that work together to perform a certain function in an organism’s body
  3. The thing that controls which substances can pass in and out of the cell
  4. Small grain-shaped organelles that produce proteins.
  5. A gel-like fluid that is in between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
  6. A space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
  7. collections of tissues with a similar function
  8. A single-cell organism.
  9. A large oval structure that acts as the cell’s control center.
  10. A maze-like organelle in the cytoplasm with a network of membranes that produce many substances.
Down
  1. This organelle in the cell captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
  2. any of the distinct types of material of which animals or plants are made, consisting of specialized cells and their products
  3. Rigid layer around the plant cell.
  4. A specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function
  5. This organelle in the cell modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport
  6. This organelle in the cell contains enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris
  7. Floating cytoplasm are rod-shaped structures that convert stored food into energy in the cells.
  8. abrriviation for #3

18 Clues: abrriviation for #3 • A single-cell organism. • An organism with multiple cells. • Rigid layer around the plant cell. • collections of tissues with a similar function • Small grain-shaped organelles that produce proteins. • A large oval structure that acts as the cell’s control center. • A specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function • ...

Immunity - Jade Preston 2024-10-14

Immunity - Jade Preston crossword puzzle
Across
  1. also known as antibody mediated
  2. cytotoxic T cells release granzymes and
  3. what kind of B cells are made when an antigen interacts with a B cell and it stimulates mitosis
  4. white blood cells
  5. another word for antibodies
  6. another word for antigens
  7. antigenic determinants
  8. antibodies to one epitope
  9. what regions form the antigen binding sites?
  10. B cells interact with antigens in the blood and gives rise to mitosis causing more cells and what into plasma cells or memory B cells
Down
  1. specific immune response
  2. what kind of kinase Lck is recruited by the TCR and the signal that TCR generate is amplified by CD4
  3. serine proteases that trigger programmed cell death
  4. what kind of T cells are activated by cells infected with a pathogen
  5. fusing spleen cells from an immunised mouse with tumour cells
  6. non-specific immune response
  7. what is mostly Y shaped
  8. have granules in their cytoplasm that release antimicrobial agents, enzymes and toxic chemicals

18 Clues: white blood cells • antigenic determinants • what is mostly Y shaped • specific immune response • another word for antigens • antibodies to one epitope • another word for antibodies • non-specific immune response • also known as antibody mediated • cytotoxic T cells release granzymes and • what regions form the antigen binding sites? • ...

Cells Vocabulary Crossword 2016-11-27

Cells Vocabulary Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Packaging & Secreting.
  2. Ribosomes are made.
  3. Transport.
  4. Storgae.
  5. Photosynthesis.
  6. Discovered cell nucleus.
  7. Supports & Protects.
  8. Group of cells.
  9. Control center.
  10. Saw boxlike structures under the microscope.
  11. All plants are made of cells.
  12. The basic building blocks of life.
  13. Protein synthesis.
Down
  1. Selectively permeable.
  2. Have organelles, have a nucleus.
  3. Saw single celled organisms under the microscope.
  4. Lack organelles, no nucleus.
  5. Power house.
  6. Group of organs.
  7. All animals are made of cells.
  8. Group of tissues.
  9. Cell division.
  10. Cells arise from preexisting cells.
  11. Holds organelles.
  12. Digest waste.

25 Clues: Storgae. • Transport. • Power house. • Digest waste. • Cell division. • Photosynthesis. • Group of cells. • Control center. • Group of organs. • Group of tissues. • Holds organelles. • Protein synthesis. • Ribosomes are made. • Supports & Protects. • Selectively permeable. • Packaging & Secreting. • Discovered cell nucleus. • Lack organelles, no nucleus. • All plants are made of cells. • ...

Cells Vocabulary Crossword 2016-11-27

Cells Vocabulary Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Packaging & Secreting.
  2. Ribosomes are made.
  3. Transport.
  4. Storgae.
  5. Photosynthesis.
  6. Discovered cell nucleus.
  7. Supports & Protects.
  8. Group of cells.
  9. Control center.
  10. Saw boxlike structures under the microscope.
  11. All plants are made of cells.
  12. The basic building blocks of life.
  13. Protein synthesis.
Down
  1. Selectively permeable.
  2. Have organelles, have a nucleus.
  3. Saw single celled organisms under the microscope.
  4. Lack organelles, no nucleus.
  5. Power house.
  6. Group of organs.
  7. All animals are made of cells.
  8. Group of tissues.
  9. Cell division.
  10. Cells arise from preexisting cells.
  11. Holds organelles.
  12. Digest waste.

25 Clues: Storgae. • Transport. • Power house. • Digest waste. • Cell division. • Photosynthesis. • Group of cells. • Control center. • Group of organs. • Group of tissues. • Holds organelles. • Protein synthesis. • Ribosomes are made. • Supports & Protects. • Selectively permeable. • Packaging & Secreting. • Discovered cell nucleus. • Lack organelles, no nucleus. • All plants are made of cells. • ...

Anatomy of a Cell 2019-11-18

Anatomy of a Cell crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The cell wall and chloroplasts are found in what type of cell?
  2. Plants use _____ to make energy.
  3. Has ribosomes on the outside of it.
  4. Controls what goes in and out of a cell.
  5. Cell that has no nucleus.
  6. A gel-like material that fills all cells.
  7. Works together with the Ribosomes.
  8. All cells come from ____ cells.
  9. What percentage of cells in your body are bacterial?
Down
  1. The storage center of a cell is what?
  2. The nucleus stores what?
  3. The post office of the cell. (Hint: Makes lysosomes.)
  4. Makes proteins.
  5. Prokaryotic cells include all species of what?
  6. Where are red blood cells made?
  7. Where are most of the bacteria cells in your body found?
  8. Plant, fungi, and bacteria cells have this but animal cells do not.
  9. Small sacs that store and transport things from one cell to another.
  10. The mitochondria gives the cell what?

19 Clues: Makes proteins. • The nucleus stores what? • Cell that has no nucleus. • Where are red blood cells made? • All cells come from ____ cells. • Plants use _____ to make energy. • Works together with the Ribosomes. • Has ribosomes on the outside of it. • The storage center of a cell is what? • The mitochondria gives the cell what? • Controls what goes in and out of a cell. • ...

What Do I know About cells 2024-08-30

What Do I know About cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. separates DNA in cell and prepares for cell division
  2. paired barrel-shaped organelles located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
  3. Makes proteins
  4. What protects plant cells along with a cell membrane
  5. Cell division with daughter cells containing equal chomosomes
  6. the process that separates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells
  7. A source of energy and storage in the cell
  8. What protects all cells?
  9. Makes proteins
Down
  1. paired chromosomes have been separated and pulled to opposite sides, or poles, of the cell.
  2. which divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells
  3. Uses phospholipids to protect the cell
  4. The "jello" that holds the cell together
  5. Contains DNA
  6. Conducts cellular respiration
  7. What are cells made of?
  8. Packages proteins and lipids
  9. Aligns chromosomes in the middle
  10. Photosynthesizers in plant cells
  11. Cell division with daughter cells having less chromosomes

20 Clues: Contains DNA • Makes proteins • Makes proteins • What are cells made of? • What protects all cells? • Packages proteins and lipids • Conducts cellular respiration • Aligns chromosomes in the middle • Photosynthesizers in plant cells • Uses phospholipids to protect the cell • The "jello" that holds the cell together • A source of energy and storage in the cell • ...

Blood 2025-04-30

Blood crossword puzzle
Across
  1. cell that "eats" other cells
  2. where new blood cells are created
  3. binds to oxygen
  4. percentage of blood cells and plasma in sample
  5. attaches to antigens
  6. aka thrombocytes
  7. low red blood cell count
  8. wbc that produce antibodies
  9. abnormal blood clot
  10. wbc that attacks parasites
Down
  1. shrinks the vessel
  2. cancer of the blood
  3. clumping of blood cells from an immune response
  4. cell surface markers
  5. white blood cells
  6. plasma protein that is converted to fibrin
  7. the process where bleeding is stopped
  8. clear liquid portion of blood
  9. red blood cells
  10. "bleeder's disease

20 Clues: binds to oxygen • red blood cells • aka thrombocytes • white blood cells • shrinks the vessel • "bleeder's disease • cancer of the blood • abnormal blood clot • cell surface markers • attaches to antigens • low red blood cell count • wbc that attacks parasites • wbc that produce antibodies • cell that "eats" other cells • clear liquid portion of blood • where new blood cells are created • ...

Specialised Cells 2023-09-29

Specialised Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. These are found in plant cells, not animal cells, and strengthen/support the cell
  2. Red blood cells have a chemical called ______________
  3. To look at cells with a microscope we place the cells on a glass _______
  4. Root hair cells collect __________ from the soil for a plant
  5. The light microscopes have 3 __________ lenses to magnify the image
  6. The function of a sperm cell is to fertilise an _____
  7. The part of a cell where respiration happens
  8. Sperm cells have a ______________ head
  9. The part of a cell where DNA is found
  10. ____ blood cells carry oxygen around the body
Down
  1. Leaf cells have lots of _____________ for photosynthesis
  2. The piece of the microscope you look down is called the ___________ lens
  3. A jelly like substance where most chemical reactions happen
  4. Sperm cells have lots of ______________ for energy
  5. Red blood cells don't have a ____________ unlike most cells
  6. The cell ___________ controls substances coming in/out
  7. Sperm cells have a ___________ for movement
  8. This piece of equipment is used to see small things such as cells

18 Clues: The part of a cell where DNA is found • Sperm cells have a ______________ head • Sperm cells have a ___________ for movement • The part of a cell where respiration happens • ____ blood cells carry oxygen around the body • Sperm cells have lots of ______________ for energy • Red blood cells have a chemical called ______________ • ...

blood 2020-04-21

blood crossword puzzle
Across
  1. buffer pH
  2. are responsible for blood clotting
  3. vitamins, glucose,...
  4. disease, oxygen capacity is reduced in blood cells
  5. blood disorder, excess of white blood cells
  6. responsible for transport of oxygen in blood
  7. albumine,fibrinogen, antibodies
  8. rarest blood group
  9. keep up the osmotic balance in blood
Down
  1. uncontrolled bleeding
  2. other name for red blood cells
  3. solvent in the blood plasma
  4. most common AB0 blood type
  5. have several subtypes and are very short-lived
  6. is a plasma-protein, built from fibrinogen
  7. the name for a low platelet existence
  8. formation and differentiation of blood cells
  9. physical separation of blood cells and blood plasma
  10. contains water, proteins and ions
  11. defend, practice phagocytosis

20 Clues: buffer pH • rarest blood group • uncontrolled bleeding • vitamins, glucose,... • most common AB0 blood type • solvent in the blood plasma • defend, practice phagocytosis • other name for red blood cells • albumine,fibrinogen, antibodies • contains water, proteins and ions • are responsible for blood clotting • keep up the osmotic balance in blood • ...

Cells Vocabulary Crossword 2016-11-27

Cells Vocabulary Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Protein synthesis.
  2. The basic building blocks of life.
  3. Group of organs.
  4. Control center.
  5. Lack organelles, no nucleus.
  6. Group of tissues.
  7. Group of cells.
  8. Cell division.
  9. Saw single celled organisms under the microscope.
  10. Storgae.
  11. Transport.
  12. All animals are made of cells.
Down
  1. Holds organelles.
  2. Saw boxlike structures under the microscope.
  3. Packaging & Secreting.
  4. Ribosomes are made.
  5. Supports & Protects.
  6. Digest waste.
  7. Discovered cell nucleus.
  8. Selectively permeable.
  9. Power house.
  10. Photosynthesis.
  11. Have organelles, have a nucleus.
  12. All plants are made of cells.
  13. Cells arise from preexisting cells.

25 Clues: Storgae. • Transport. • Power house. • Digest waste. • Cell division. • Control center. • Group of cells. • Photosynthesis. • Group of organs. • Holds organelles. • Group of tissues. • Protein synthesis. • Ribosomes are made. • Supports & Protects. • Packaging & Secreting. • Selectively permeable. • Discovered cell nucleus. • Lack organelles, no nucleus. • All plants are made of cells. • ...

Science project 2022-09-15

Science project crossword puzzle
Across
  1. nucleus membrane form at each end of the cell
  2. The spindle fibers start to pull and push
  3. helps replecate cells
  4. Cells grow a second time
  5. Divison of cytosplasm
  6. a cell that produces more cells
  7. No specialized structure
  8. Events that happen when a cell grows/divides
  9. More cells are created
Down
  1. the 2 chromatics in each chromozones separate
  2. When cells grow and chromozones grow
  3. chromozones start to replicate
  4. Nucleus starts to disappear
  5. a cell formed by division of others
  6. Multiple cells make up it
  7. strucutre of nucleic acid in the nucleus
  8. Cells first start to grow
  9. the process of cell division
  10. a wheel that shows cell division
  11. One cell makes it up

20 Clues: One cell makes it up • helps replecate cells • Divison of cytosplasm • More cells are created • Cells grow a second time • No specialized structure • Multiple cells make up it • Cells first start to grow • Nucleus starts to disappear • the process of cell division • chromozones start to replicate • a cell that produces more cells • a wheel that shows cell division • ...

Plant and Animal Cells 2022-10-27

Plant and Animal Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. pass genes through this process
  2. animal cells have this membrane
  3. surrounds a plant cell
  4. helps photosynthesis
  5. plant cells are ______ which means they make their own food
  6. the shape of a plant cell
  7. "brain" of the cell
  8. animal cells do not contain these
  9. is not a plant cell
  10. is not an animal cell
Down
  1. shape of animal cell
  2. these cause plant cells to be green
  3. fills the cell
  4. type of cell a animal and plant is
  5. animal cells have this
  6. animal cells don't make their own food because they are _______
  7. these are size specific to animal cells
  8. store extra water and fluids
  9. major factor in photosynthesis
  10. powerhouse of the cell
  11. process of cell reproduction

21 Clues: fills the cell • "brain" of the cell • is not a plant cell • shape of animal cell • helps photosynthesis • is not an animal cell • animal cells have this • surrounds a plant cell • powerhouse of the cell • the shape of a plant cell • store extra water and fluids • process of cell reproduction • major factor in photosynthesis • pass genes through this process • ...

cell vocab 2022-12-07

cell vocab crossword puzzle
Across
  1. cells arise from preexisting cells
  2. cell division
  3. movment from high to low concentration
  4. support and protects
  5. surounds the nucleus
  6. holds organelles
  7. digests waste
  8. transpots materials
  9. saw the single celled organisim
  10. maintaning a constant internal enviorment
  11. movment of water from hight to low conentration
  12. discovered the nucleus
  13. sugar to ATP
Down
  1. no nucleus/ simple cells
  2. light energy to chemical energy
  3. protine synthesis
  4. all animals are made from cells
  5. were ribsoms are made
  6. basic building blocks for life
  7. packahing and secreting
  8. selectively permeable
  9. coined the word cell
  10. controle center
  11. all plants are made of cells
  12. has nucleus/ complex cells
  13. storage

26 Clues: storage • sugar to ATP • cell division • digests waste • controle center • holds organelles • protine synthesis • transpots materials • support and protects • surounds the nucleus • coined the word cell • were ribsoms are made • selectively permeable • discovered the nucleus • packahing and secreting • no nucleus/ simple cells • has nucleus/ complex cells • all plants are made of cells • ...

Immunology acronym puzzle 2023-09-25

Immunology acronym puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. white blood cells with multi-lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules
  2. lymphocyte made by the thymus with two subsets
  3. group of molecules on the cell surface that present peptide antigens to t cells
  4. acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine on certain bacteria, triggering complement activation and acts as an opsonin
  5. a large mononuclear phagocyte in tissues and organs all over the body that contributes to both the innate and adaptive immune responses
  6. CD8+ t cells with the effector function of targeting and killing virally infected cells and tumor cells by apoptosis
  7. the antigen receptor on t cells
  8. classification of cytokines that help cells resist viral infections
  9. molecule that is recognized by antibodies/B cell receptors or a peptide that is presented by major histocompatibility complex molecules to T cell receptors
  10. the part of an antibody responsible for antigen binding
  11. Tcells that express a particular co-receptor protein which when activated will differentiate into cytotoxic T lymphocytes
  12. a cell that presents major histocompatibility complex antigens to t cells
  13. immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
  14. the regions of the antigen binding loops of immunoglobulin molecules, antibodies and t cell receptors that come into contact with the antigen
  15. name of major histocompatibility complex gene complex and proteins in humans
Down
  1. repeating molecular patterns on microbes that are recognized by pattern recognition receptors on immune cells
  2. large, granular lymphocyte that induces apoptosis of target cells that are virally infected or tumorous
  3. a family of PRRs present on many leukocytes and epithelial cells that recognize PAMPs and help initiate immune responses
  4. a b lymphocyte made by bone marrow that will secrete antibody molecules/b memory cells after differentiating into a plasma cell
  5. adaptive immune response where t cells play major role
  6. receptors on immune and epithelial cells that recognize and bind to pathogen associated molecular patterns on microbes
  7. alpha, a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages and t cells
  8. Tcells that express a particular co-receptor protein which when activated will differentiate into T helper phenotypes with different roles in adaptive immunity
  9. protein family of antibodies and b cell receptors
  10. transcription factor that induces expression of many pro-inflammatory genes
  11. end product of the complement cascade that creates an opening in the membrane of the pathogen to cause cell lysis
  12. a cell that presents antigens to t cells
  13. surface immunoglobulin that binds to antigens to activate B cell response
  14. classification of cytokines, or chemical messengers that help immune cells communicate with other cells

29 Clues: the antigen receptor on t cells • immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells • a cell that presents antigens to t cells • lymphocyte made by the thymus with two subsets • protein family of antibodies and b cell receptors • adaptive immune response where t cells play major role • the part of an antibody responsible for antigen binding • ...

Blood 2020-04-18

Blood crossword puzzle
Across
  1. blood pressure constantly too high
  2. percentage of blood able to lose before dying
  3. Separate components of blood
  4. component of blood responsible for blood clotting
  5. largest white blood cells
  6. component of the red blood cells transporting O²
  7. absence of clotting factors
  8. source of red and white blood cells
  9. example of an undesirable clotting
  10. main component of plasma
  11. leads to narrowing of vessels (found in cigarettes)
Down
  1. function of red blood cells
  2. replacing blood very quickly in case of an emergency
  3. red blood cells
  4. main function of white blood cells
  5. white blood cells
  6. reduced O² capacity of the blood
  7. most common blood group
  8. fancy word for blood clotting
  9. main component of blood

20 Clues: red blood cells • white blood cells • most common blood group • main component of blood • main component of plasma • largest white blood cells • function of red blood cells • absence of clotting factors • Separate components of blood • fancy word for blood clotting • reduced O² capacity of the blood • blood pressure constantly too high • main function of white blood cells • ...

Blood 2020-04-18

Blood crossword puzzle
Across
  1. absence of clotting factors
  2. main component of blood
  3. main component of plasma
  4. replacing blood very quickly in case of an emergency
  5. most common blood group
  6. percentage of blood able to lose before dying
  7. largest white blood cells
  8. function of red blood cells
  9. fancy word for blood clotting
  10. red blood cells
Down
  1. component of the red blood cells transporting O²
  2. white blood cells
  3. blood pressure constantly too high
  4. reduced O² capacity of the blood
  5. component of blood responsible for blood clotting
  6. leads to narrowing of vessels (found in cigarettes)
  7. main function of white blood cells
  8. source of red and white blood cells
  9. example of an undesirable clotting
  10. Separate components of blood

20 Clues: red blood cells • white blood cells • main component of blood • most common blood group • main component of plasma • largest white blood cells • absence of clotting factors • function of red blood cells • Separate components of blood • fancy word for blood clotting • reduced O² capacity of the blood • blood pressure constantly too high • main function of white blood cells • ...

the bio shi 2021-05-04

the bio shi crossword puzzle
Across
  1. / made up of dna
  2. / central part of an atom
  3. / the process or state of breaking
  4. / the combinig of male and female reproductive cells
  5. reproduction / asexual reproduction of a plant
  6. reproduction / reproduction with 2 perant cells
  7. cells / precursor cells that can self-renew and gerate multipe mature cell types
  8. / genetic information about an organism
Down
  1. / abnormal cells divide without control and include nearby tissues
  2. / reproductive cells with half genetic material as perant cell
  3. / stage of cell cycle where nucleus and genetic material divide
  4. / the cell produced when the nuclei of two gametes fuse together
  5. cycle / a series of events in a cell
  6. / an exact copy of an organism or cell
  7. / genetic material that is condensed
  8. reproduction / reproduction with only one perant
  9. fission / asexual reproduction-cells splits into two daughter cells
  10. / male and female reproductive cell
  11. development / the development of animal or plant embreyo
  12. / asexual reproduction-bud from perant cell

20 Clues: / made up of dna • / central part of an atom • / the process or state of breaking • / male and female reproductive cell • / genetic material that is condensed • / an exact copy of an organism or cell • cycle / a series of events in a cell • / genetic information about an organism • / asexual reproduction-bud from perant cell • ...

skin chapter 6 2014-10-01

skin chapter 6 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. infectious disease that destroys melanocytes
  2. blueness of the skin
  3. excess redness to the skin
  4. cells that are macrophage like
  5. cells associated with nerve endings for touch
  6. translucent layer only seen in the thickest skin
  7. paleness to the skin
  8. thickest layer of the epidermis
  9. number of days it takes for cells made at the basal layer to get to the surface
  10. multiple layers of dead keratinized cells
Down
  1. amino acid that aids in the production of melanin
  2. genetic inability to produce melanin
  3. main cell type with keratin
  4. cells that produce melanin
  5. bruised area under the skin
  6. deepest layer of skin with stem cells, melanocytes, tactile cells
  7. layer of epidermis with glycolipid and flatter cells
  8. cell in basal layer that is constantly divinding
  9. yellowish tone to the skin
  10. pigment of our skin color that fxns to protect DNA from UV light

20 Clues: blueness of the skin • paleness to the skin • cells that produce melanin • excess redness to the skin • yellowish tone to the skin • main cell type with keratin • bruised area under the skin • cells that are macrophage like • thickest layer of the epidermis • genetic inability to produce melanin • multiple layers of dead keratinized cells • ...

2B: Cells and their Functions 2023-03-10

2B: Cells and their Functions crossword puzzle
Across
  1. powerhouse of the cell
  2. all things are made of cells, they come from preexisting cells, and perform functions of living things
  3. packages proteins to make them more specialized
  4. region inside all cells
  5. identified the first cell in 1665
  6. speed up reactions in chemical processes; found in lysosomes
  7. glucose is converted to this during cellular respiration
  8. diffusion of water across a membrane
  9. outer boundary of all cells
Down
  1. makes up cell membrane, along with proteins
  2. outer boundary of most bacteria
  3. first stage of cellular respiration
  4. cells that make up bacteria
  5. all cells use this
  6. waste removal system of the cell
  7. found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells; make proteins
  8. makes up chromosomes; found in nucleus
  9. gives the cell its shape
  10. whip like tail in some bacteria, protists, and sperm cell
  11. outer boundary of plants, fungi, and bacteria, and some protists
  12. only in eukaryotic cells; holds DNA

21 Clues: all cells use this • powerhouse of the cell • region inside all cells • gives the cell its shape • cells that make up bacteria • outer boundary of all cells • outer boundary of most bacteria • waste removal system of the cell • identified the first cell in 1665 • first stage of cellular respiration • only in eukaryotic cells; holds DNA • diffusion of water across a membrane • ...

Chapter 16 Crossword Puzzle 2021-02-14

Chapter 16 Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. tonsils contain()blood cells.
  2. interstitial fluid is found in()spaces.
  3. before birth marrow first develops in the().
  4. interstitial fluid contains().
  5. lymph nodes monitor()and lymph as it filters them
  6. bone marrow produces()blood cells.
  7. the tonsils are a part of the()system.
  8. lymph nodes filter()damaged cells and cancer cells
  9. tonsils are located in the().
  10. lymph nodes help()illness.
  11. you()survive without a spleen.
Down
  1. the spleen()blood.
  2. the spleen()damaged blood cells.
  3. interstitial fluid surround body().
  4. lymph nodes swell in response to().
  5. the spleen helps to fight().
  6. cells, bone marrow makes 2 billion new() everyday
  7. tonsils stop germs from entering the body through the().
  8. interstitial fluid provides()the body with.
  9. yellow bone marrow is()tissue.

20 Clues: the spleen()blood. • lymph nodes help()illness. • the spleen helps to fight(). • tonsils contain()blood cells. • tonsils are located in the(). • interstitial fluid contains(). • yellow bone marrow is()tissue. • you()survive without a spleen. • the spleen()damaged blood cells. • bone marrow produces()blood cells. • interstitial fluid surround body(). • ...

Endocrine System 2022-03-17

Endocrine System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Target cells --> adrenal cortex
  2. controls metabolism and growth
  3. target cells --> thyroid gland
  4. lowers blood glucose
  5. increases heart rate and blood pressure
  6. target cells--> uterus
  7. responsible for sexual development and sleep cycles
  8. responsable for water excretion and blood pressure
Down
  1. increases blood calcium and decreased blood phosphate ion concentration
  2. salt and volume homeostasis
  3. regulates mineral elecrolytes
  4. antagonist of the parathyroid hormone
  5. reproductive development on females
  6. growth and development of follicles
  7. luteinization of follicle and testosterone secretion
  8. target cells--> liver
  9. synergist of epinephrine
  10. responsible for metabolic rate
  11. main target cells --> uterine smooth muscle
  12. reproductive development on males
  13. responsible for milk production and development of mammary glands
  14. target cells --> white cells (t-lumphocytes )

22 Clues: lowers blood glucose • target cells--> liver • target cells--> uterus • synergist of epinephrine • salt and volume homeostasis • regulates mineral elecrolytes • responsible for metabolic rate • controls metabolism and growth • target cells --> thyroid gland • Target cells --> adrenal cortex • reproductive development on males • reproductive development on females • ...

Blood Crossword Puzzle For Anatomy 2022-03-29

Blood Crossword Puzzle For Anatomy crossword puzzle
Across
  1. red blood cells
  2. immature red blood cell
  3. yellow pigment in the skin
  4. is four sub-units that are in hemoglobin
  5. low counts of white blood cells
  6. blood clotting
  7. white blood cells
  8. makes up 95% of red blood cells
  9. low red blood cells
  10. excessive amount of white blood cells
  11. a orange-yellow pigment
Down
  1. twice the size of erythrocytes
  2. slightly bigger than red blood cells
  3. production of lymphocytes
  4. RBC's in blood stream that cause pee to turn brown or red
  5. red blood cell formation
  6. excessive amounts of leukocytosis
  7. low oxygen levels in tissues
  8. in fluid matrix

19 Clues: blood clotting • red blood cells • in fluid matrix • white blood cells • low red blood cells • immature red blood cell • a orange-yellow pigment • red blood cell formation • production of lymphocytes • yellow pigment in the skin • low oxygen levels in tissues • twice the size of erythrocytes • low counts of white blood cells • makes up 95% of red blood cells • ...

Parts of cells 2023-02-15

Parts of cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Works together to make organs.
  2. Controls what happens in the nucleus.
  3. A large group of single cell microorganis.
  4. Helps cells maintain their shape.
  5. Highest power of magnification on our microscopes.
  6. Sight of protein.
  7. The animal cell we looked at.
  8. Genetic information.
  9. Takes most the energy for the cell.
  10. The small piece a glass that goes over the slide.
  11. Protection of the cell.
  12. contains dna and bacteria.
  13. Basic building blocks of life.
  14. How many years do cells last.
  15. First founded a cell/cells.
  16. Where do you find the most dna cells
Down
  1. what year were cells discovered.
  2. Contains the chromosomes.
  3. Separates the in and outside the cell.
  4. How many MAIN cell parts are there.
  5. largest cell
  6. The fluid inside cells.
  7. Moves out waste products.
  8. Blue-green algae.
  9. Only in plant cells.
  10. smallest cell
  11. Provides protein
  12. Maintains water balance in cells.
  13. The color of the dye we used.
  14. most important cell.

30 Clues: largest cell • smallest cell • Provides protein • Blue-green algae. • Sight of protein. • Only in plant cells. • Genetic information. • most important cell. • The fluid inside cells. • Protection of the cell. • Contains the chromosomes. • Moves out waste products. • contains dna and bacteria. • First founded a cell/cells. • The animal cell we looked at. • The color of the dye we used. • ...

Anatomy Blood Vocabulary 2024-02-01

Anatomy Blood Vocabulary crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Clumping of red blood cells
  2. Donates to B, AB and receives from B, O
  3. Nametag on the cell surface, “self”
  4. Immunoprotein that circulates the body Protects you
  5. Granulocyte that has active phagocytes and neutralizes
  6. Agranulocyte that eats dead cells (happens after a monocyte)
  7. White blood cells with a grainy cytoplasm
  8. Red Blood Cells
  9. Hormone that increases the production of red blood cells
  10. Donates to AB and receives from all
  11. The process where Fibrin forms over a plug and reinforces, forming a scab
Down
  1. Granulocyte that blows up and is the inflammatory response
  2. Agranulocyte that eats dead cells
  3. Granulocyte that attacks parasites
  4. The % of blood to plasma
  5. White blood cells without grains
  6. Platelets
  7. Donates to A, AB and receives from A, O
  8. Donates to all and receives from none
  9. Positive blood type, positive antigen
  10. White Blood cells

21 Clues: Platelets • Red Blood Cells • White Blood cells • The % of blood to plasma • Clumping of red blood cells • White blood cells without grains • Agranulocyte that eats dead cells • Granulocyte that attacks parasites • Nametag on the cell surface, “self” • Donates to AB and receives from all • Donates to all and receives from none • Positive blood type, positive antigen • ...

Immune Response Crossword 2022-02-28

Immune Response Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Barriers that are used to prevent pathogens from entering the body.
  2. A type of acquired immunity that uses T-cells to respond to body cells that have already been infected by a foreign pathogen.
  3. A slow immune response that attacks a specific pathogen using humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
  4. Substances (molecules) that are produced by the immune system to trigger a specific immune response.
  5. Immune cells that “eat” pathogens and then die creating “pus”.
  6. A quick immune response using your skin and mucous membranes that is general (nonspecific).
  7. A specific type of lymphocyte that responds to antigens before a foreign pathogen infects body cells.
  8. Immune cells that “eat” pathogens using cytoplasmic extensions (arms).
  9. Type of immunity that is “borrowed” and occurs when we are injected with antibodies from the blood serum of an individual that has already been infected.
  10. Immune cells that join Mast cells in stimulating blood vessels to dilate/constrict.
  11. Warning signal proteins secreted by virally-infected body cells.
  12. Immune cells that lyse (explode) infected or abnormal body cells based on a lack of “self” surface receptors (MHC-II).
  13. Type of T-cell used to react to a second infection from the same pathogen more quickly.
Down
  1. Type of immunity that is “borrowed” and occurs when antibodies are passed from a mother to child through breastmilk or the placenta.
  2. Barriers that are activated once a pathogen has entered the body.
  3. Type of T-cell that recognizes antigen presenting B-cells causing a signaling cascade
  4. Chemical signals used to help cells communicate during an immune response.
  5. Substances (molecules) that are produced by lymphocytes to match and detect specific antigens.
  6. Type of immunity that is “earned” and occurs when we contract an infection.
  7. Type of T-cell that binds to infected body cells and causes apoptosis.
  8. Type of immunity that is “earned” and occurs when we are given a vaccine.
  9. Immune cells that respond to body cells that have already been infected with a foreign pathogen.
  10. Proteins that work with other defenses by lysing pathogenic bacteria or marking pathogens for easier phagocytosis.
  11. Immune cells that are responsible for responding to the release of antigens.
  12. Long lived B-cells that produce a swift and strong response if the same antigen is encountered in the future. (“secondary response”)
  13. Type of T-cell that releases chemicals to slow the immune response after the antigen is destroyed.
  14. A type of acquired immunity that uses B-cells to respond to antigens before cells are infected by a foreign pathogen.

27 Clues: Immune cells that “eat” pathogens and then die creating “pus”. • Warning signal proteins secreted by virally-infected body cells. • Barriers that are activated once a pathogen has entered the body. • Barriers that are used to prevent pathogens from entering the body. • Type of T-cell that binds to infected body cells and causes apoptosis. • ...

Immunology Acronyms 2019-09-29

Immunology Acronyms crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Membrane attack complex, end product of the Complement cascade that can kill pathogens directly by forming a pore in pathogen membrane leading to lysis
  2. Nuclear factor of activated T cells, a key transcription factor that is required to bind to the IL-2 promoter to cause IL-2 transcription
  3. Ig, protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
  4. cluster of _______, CD, designation for specific cell-surface molecules on immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
  5. _____ factor κB, NFκB, transcription factor that helps activate the expression of many pro-inflammatory genes
  6. Systemic lupus _______, SLE, autoimmune disease where autoantibodies (against DNA, RNA, and proteins associated with nucleic acids) form immune complexes
  7. Family names of chemokine receptors, the receptors that chemokines bind to all cell attraction to specific areas in the body
  8. Family names of chemokines, chemicals that are a sub-class of cytokines with cell-attractant properties
  9. Immunoreceptor ______-based activation motifs, ITAMs, amino acid sequence in cytoplasmic domains of membrane receptors involved in signal transduction
  10. _-_____ protein, CRP, acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine, a constituent of certain bacteria, that can trigger Complement activation and acts as an opsonin
  11. T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD8 which upon activation differentiate into cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)
  12. Fragment with antigen binding, the part of an antibody (that can be isolated by protease digestion) responsible for antigen binding, consisting of the light chain and amino-terminal half of the heavy chain disulfide-bonded together
  13. _____ ______ receptors, PRR, receptors on immune cells and epithelial cells that recognize and bind to PAMPs on microbes
  14. B cell receptor, sIg on B cells that binds Ag and transmits signal 1 to activate B cells
  15. IFN, family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections; type 1 include IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, as distinguished from IFN-gamma
  16. Cell adhesion molecule
  17. ______ determining regions, CDR, the regions of the antigen binding loops of Ig molecules, antibodies and T cell receptors that come into contact with antigen
  18. IL, general designation of many of the different cytokines, chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other cells
  19. Autoimmune regulator, a transcription factor that causes several hundred tissue-specific genes to be transcribed by a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the thymus
  20. Regulatory CD4+ T cells, regulatory T cells, a T cell subset that is responsible for suppressing or limiting immune responses
  21. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, the end stage of disease in HIV infection
  22. Major histocompatibility complex, designation for a family of cell surface molecules involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to T cells
  23. or Fc region, Crystallized fragment of antibody, the part of an antibody that consists of the carboxy terminal halves of the two heavy chains disulfide-bonded to each other; the Fc region of an antibody is where Fc receptors bind, and so is responsible for antibody effector function (after antigen binding occurs)
  24. Pathogen associated molecular patterns, repeating molecular patterns on microbes that are recognized by PRRs on immune cells
  25. Natural killer cell, large granular lymphocyte that serves as an innate effector cell by inducing apoptosis of target cells (virally infected cells or tumor cells)
  26. Ab, immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
  27. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy, multiple drug treatment for HIV infection
  28. human ____ antigen, HLA, name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
Down
  1. Intracellular adhesion molecules, cells surface ligands for the leukocyte integrins; Critical in binding of lymphocytes and other leukocytes to certain cells
  2. ____-____ receptor, TLR, a family of Pattern Recognition Receptors present on many leukocytes and epithelial cells that recognize PAMPs on pathogens and help initiate immune responses
  3. LPS, a cell wall component of gram negative bacteria which can be bound by TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
  4. Subset of CD4+ T cells characterized by the cytokines they produce; involved in fully activating macrophages and promoting CTL responses against intracellular pathogens
  5. _____ cell, DC, a type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
  6. Member of TNF receptor family expressed on certain cells that makes them susceptible to being killed by cells expressing the Fas ligand
  7. Subset of CD4+ T cells characterized by the cytokines they produce; involved in stimulating B cells to produce antibody against extracellular pathogens
  8. thymus-derived lymphocyte that are comprised of two different subsets, CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells
  9. T-cell receptor, the Ag receptor on T cells
  10. T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD4 which upon activation differentiate into distinct Thelper phenotypes with different roles in adaptive immunity
  11. cell ____ molecule, CAM
  12. ____ presenting cell, APC, a cell that is able to present antigen via MHC molecules to T cell receptors on T cells
  13. _______-activating genes, RAG1, RAG2, the two genes essential for Ig and TCR gene rearrangement; their gene products (RAG-1 & RAG-2) comprise the RAG complex
  14. ______ leukocytes, PMN, white blood cells with multi-lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules
  15. ____ T lymphocytes, CTL, CD8+ T cells with the effector function of targeting and killing virally infected cells and tumor cells by apoptosis
  16. human _____ virus, HIV
  17. IR
  18. Surface immunoglobulin, an immunoglobulin that is expressed on B cell surface
  19. ____ regulator, AIRE
  20. Recombination signal sequences, short DNA sequences flanking Ig and TCR V, D and J gene segments that serve as the binding sites for the RAG complex, allowing Ig and TCR gene rearrangement (somatic recombination)
  21. tumor ____ factor-alpha, TNF-α (TNF), a cytokine produced by macrophages and T cells that is highly pro-inflammatory
  22. mΦ, large mononuclear phagocyte that takes residence in many different tissues and organs and contributes to innate immune responses and can act as an effector cell in adaptive immune responses
  23. Cell mediated immunity, adaptive immune responses in which there is a major role for effector T cells
  24. B lymphocyte that upon activation can differentiate into plasma cells secreting antibody molecules or B memory cells
  25. ______-binding lectin, MBL, soluble acute phase response protein that can bind mannose on pathogens; can activate the lectin pathway of Complement and acts as an opsonin
  26. Transcription factor expressed in Treg cells that is needed for Treg cell function
  27. Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity, a mechanism NK cells use to induce apoptosis in virally infected cells or tumor cells

55 Clues: IR • ____ regulator, AIRE • human _____ virus, HIV • Cell adhesion molecule • cell ____ molecule, CAM • T-cell receptor, the Ag receptor on T cells • Ab, immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells • Ig, protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong • human ____ antigen, HLA, name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans • ...

Lymphatic & Immune System 2024-11-11

Lymphatic & Immune System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. found in all tissues, engulf pathogens, travel to lymph nodes to activate T cells
  2. Occurs when individual receives another person’s antibodies
  3. Occurs when individual creates their own immunity
  4. capability of removing/killing pathogens, foreign substances & cancer cells
  5. tiny close-ended vessels that are found throughout body & take up excess interstitial fluid
  6. form a one way system that carries lymph
  7. T cells mature & learn to recognize combinations of self-molecules & foreign molecules
  8. where lymphocytes develop & mature (______ lymphoid organs)
  9. Contains mostly red pulp that filters & cleanses blood
  10. cytokines that affect the behavior of other cells
  11. fluid inside the capillaries & vessels
  12. Recognize & respond to antigens presented by various types of cells
  13. large lymphocytes that kill virus-infected cells & cancer cells
Down
  1. use of vaccines to achieve immunity
  2. “Acquired Immunity”
  3. Where all blood cells are produced including lymphocytes
  4. fully functional immunity without previous exposure to invaders
  5. receptor protein in plasma membrane allowing cells to combine with antigen
  6. Recognize & respond to antigens only presented by specialized antigen-presenting cells
  7. Long living & great in numbers so when the same antigen is presented again, immune response is rapid
  8. where some lymphocytes are activated by antigens (______ lymphoid organs)

21 Clues: “Acquired Immunity” • use of vaccines to achieve immunity • fluid inside the capillaries & vessels • form a one way system that carries lymph • Occurs when individual creates their own immunity • cytokines that affect the behavior of other cells • Contains mostly red pulp that filters & cleanses blood • Where all blood cells are produced including lymphocytes • ...

Cell Theory Crossword 2022-12-16

Cell Theory Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. A group of cells that has a certain job/role
  2. Basic unit of function and structure in living organisms
  3. A very large molecule
  4. A cell that lacks a nucleus and cell membrane
  5. Hereditary information that is passed on
  6. Any functioning structural unit inside an organism
  7. A cell that has a nucleus
  8. Concluded that all cells come from pre-existing cells
  9. Separates inside from outside of a cell
  10. Concluded that all animal tissues are composed of cells
Down
  1. Known as the building block of chemistry
  2. functions as an outer covering of all plant cells
  3. Atoms that are grouped together
  4. Concluded that all plants are made up of cells
  5. Named cells after studying slices of cork
  6. Uses a lens to magnify an object
  7. Uses photosynthesis to create energy
  8. Subcellular units inside cells with certain functions
  9. Any functioning living system
  10. Invented the simple light microscope

20 Clues: A very large molecule • A cell that has a nucleus • Any functioning living system • Atoms that are grouped together • Uses a lens to magnify an object • Uses photosynthesis to create energy • Invented the simple light microscope • Separates inside from outside of a cell • Known as the building block of chemistry • Hereditary information that is passed on • ...

Medical Terminology Chapter 8: Blood and Lymphatic System 2023-10-20

Medical Terminology Chapter 8: Blood and Lymphatic System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. = disease of the hemoglobin
  2. = excessive fat in the blood
  3. = condition characterized by red blood cells in a variety of shapes
  4. = instrument used to measure blood pressure
  5. = condition in which red blood cells assume a spherical shape
  6. = surgical removal of a tonsil
  7. = presence of bilirubin in the blood
  8. = white blood cells
  9. = protein that provides protection against disease
  10. = a stationary clot of blood
  11. = foreign material that is in motion
  12. = excessive blood loss
Down
  1. = deficiency in the number of red blood cells
  2. = cell that helps blood clot
  3. = excess of red blood cells
  4. = capable of producing a clot
  5. = reduction of red blood cells noticed by the patient as weakness and fatigue
  6. = red blood cells
  7. = blockage of a vessel (embolism) caused by a clot that has broken off from where it formed
  8. = drug that breaks down blood clots
  9. = formation of blood cells
  10. = immature red blood cell

22 Clues: = red blood cells • = white blood cells • = excessive blood loss • = immature red blood cell • = formation of blood cells • = excess of red blood cells • = disease of the hemoglobin • = cell that helps blood clot • = excessive fat in the blood • = a stationary clot of blood • = capable of producing a clot • = surgical removal of a tonsil • = drug that breaks down blood clots • ...

Unit 3 Exam 2023-11-10

Unit 3 Exam crossword puzzle
Across
  1. antibiotic-resistant bacterium, causes staph infections
  2. fluid inside the lymphatic vessels
  3. thin appendage that allows movement for some bacteria
  4. living organism that transfers the pathogen from one host to another
  5. infectious particles made strictly of proteins
  6. liquid medium used for carrying various substances
  7. programmed cell death where H2O floods the cell
  8. 50%-70% of all white blood cells
  9. the name used when a epidemic is confined to a local area
  10. another name for white blood cells
Down
  1. blood clotting disorder
  2. rupturing of red blood cells
  3. connection on cytotoxic t-cells
  4. another name for red blood cells
  5. disease when there is an insufficient amount of red blood cells
  6. global epidemics are called;
  7. elongated, hollow appendage used to transfer DNA to other cells
  8. powerful and large phagocytes that eat pathogens and bacteria
  9. proteins produced by virus-infected cells
  10. chemical mediator that dilates blood vessels

20 Clues: blood clotting disorder • rupturing of red blood cells • global epidemics are called; • connection on cytotoxic t-cells • another name for red blood cells • 50%-70% of all white blood cells • fluid inside the lymphatic vessels • another name for white blood cells • proteins produced by virus-infected cells • chemical mediator that dilates blood vessels • ...

Nervous System Histology Crossword 2025-09-28

Nervous System Histology Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Neuroglial cells supporting PNS ganglia neurons.
  2. Outer connective tissue covering of a peripheral nerve.
  3. Bundles of myelinated axons in the CNS.
  4. Structural protein of neurofibrillary tangles.
  5. Selective stain method to visualize whole neurons.
  6. Glial cells responsible for CNS myelination.
  7. Dense basophilic clumps of RER in neurons.
  8. Layer of meninges directly attached to brain and cord.
  9. Large pyramidal neurons in motor cortex.
  10. Star-shaped glial cells maintaining blood–brain barrier.
Down
  1. Highly branched neuronal processes that receive input.
  2. Cells lining ventricles of brain and central canal.
  3. Supporting glial cells of the PNS that form myelin.
  4. Layer of cerebellum containing Purkinje neurons.
  5. Junctional complexes sealing endothelial cells in BBB.
  6. Microscopic gaps between adjacent myelin sheaths.
  7. Specialized junction for neuronal communication.
  8. Modified ependymal cells that produce CSF.
  9. Pigment granules that accumulate in aging neurons.
  10. Phagocytic immune cells of the CNS.

20 Clues: Phagocytic immune cells of the CNS. • Bundles of myelinated axons in the CNS. • Large pyramidal neurons in motor cortex. • Modified ependymal cells that produce CSF. • Dense basophilic clumps of RER in neurons. • Glial cells responsible for CNS myelination. • Structural protein of neurofibrillary tangles. • Neuroglial cells supporting PNS ganglia neurons. • ...

Nervous System Histology Crossword 2025-09-28

Nervous System Histology Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Phagocytic immune cells of the CNS.
  2. Glial cells responsible for CNS myelination.
  3. Large pyramidal neurons in motor cortex.
  4. Structural protein of neurofibrillary tangles.
  5. Dense basophilic clumps of RER in neurons.
  6. Layer of cerebellum containing Purkinje neurons.
  7. Bundles of myelinated axons in the CNS.
  8. Selective stain method to visualize whole neurons.
  9. Layer of meninges directly attached to brain and cord.
  10. Modified ependymal cells that produce CSF.
Down
  1. Supporting glial cells of the PNS that form myelin.
  2. Highly branched neuronal processes that receive input.
  3. Neuroglial cells supporting PNS ganglia neurons.
  4. Star-shaped glial cells maintaining blood–brain barrier.
  5. Cells lining ventricles of brain and central canal.
  6. Specialized junction for neuronal communication.
  7. Outer connective tissue covering of a peripheral nerve.
  8. Pigment granules that accumulate in aging neurons.
  9. Microscopic gaps between adjacent myelin sheaths.
  10. Junctional complexes sealing endothelial cells in BBB.

20 Clues: Phagocytic immune cells of the CNS. • Bundles of myelinated axons in the CNS. • Large pyramidal neurons in motor cortex. • Dense basophilic clumps of RER in neurons. • Modified ependymal cells that produce CSF. • Glial cells responsible for CNS myelination. • Structural protein of neurofibrillary tangles. • Neuroglial cells supporting PNS ganglia neurons. • ...

Crazy Cancer Crossword 2025-10-03

Crazy Cancer Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. cancer most deadly type of cancer
  2. you need loss of both genes.
  3. Cancer type people can be born with
  4. opposite of relapse
  5. process of cancer formation
  6. Cancer that starts in pigment producing cells
  7. Most effective treatment for cancer
  8. How cancer cells spread and get their food
  9. Virus tied to cervical cancer
  10. Model organism of choice
  11. Released by cancer cells during ICD
  12. Side of the colon with most prevalent cancer
Down
  1. mutation which prevents binding of a drug
  2. Animal with contagious cancer
  3. big animals getting less cancer
  4. Animal Resistant to cancer
  5. Stolen immortal cell line
  6. a word describing the tumour cells in combination with their neighbouring cells.
  7. tyrosine kinase receptor important in the pathway of melanoma’s.
  8. cells that are around the blood vessels.
  9. Tissue with the most cancer related deaths
  10. How cancer cells spreads troubles in the body
  11. after loss of one allele.
  12. Evil immune cells

24 Clues: Evil immune cells • opposite of relapse • Model organism of choice • Stolen immortal cell line • after loss of one allele. • Animal Resistant to cancer • process of cancer formation • you need loss of both genes. • Animal with contagious cancer • Virus tied to cervical cancer • big animals getting less cancer • cancer most deadly type of cancer • Cancer type people can be born with • ...

Emma Sayles Histology 2020-10-02

Emma Sayles Histology crossword puzzle
Across
  1. gland that cells excrete substances through exocytosis
  2. contracts involuntarily and non striated
  3. tissue that is avascular
  4. gland that secretes hormones through bloodstream
  5. voluntarily contracts and striated
  6. 10% of nerve cells
  7. layer that is shaped like columns
  8. layer that is cube shapes
  9. blood cells that provide immune response
  10. tissue that supports and binds things together
Down
  1. has multiple layers
  2. blood cells that carry oxygen
  3. blob like cells that engulf invading substances
  4. contracts involuntarily and striated
  5. gland that secretes substances out through duct
  6. 90% of all nerve cells
  7. tissues that provides flexible cushioning
  8. gland that a portion of it pinches off with substance
  9. cells that detect foreign substances
  10. gland where cell ruptures and spills out product

20 Clues: 10% of nerve cells • has multiple layers • 90% of all nerve cells • tissue that is avascular • layer that is cube shapes • blood cells that carry oxygen • layer that is shaped like columns • voluntarily contracts and striated • contracts involuntarily and striated • cells that detect foreign substances • contracts involuntarily and non striated • ...

Biology Milestones Review CELLS 2024-12-09

Biology Milestones Review CELLS crossword puzzle
Across
  1. site of cellular respiration in cells
  2. macromolecule group that stores information
  3. made of phospholipids, covering on all cells
  4. cells with no nucleus, bacteria
  5. organelle that packages and transports
  6. moving from low to high concentration, requires energy
  7. products of photosynthesis are oxygen and ______
  8. site of protein synthesis
  9. control center of eukaryotic cells, contains DNA
Down
  1. fats, oils, and waxes
  2. site of photosynthesis in cells
  3. made of only one cell
  4. organelle made of folded membranes, transports proteins
  5. products of cellular respiration are ATP energy, water, and ________ ______.
  6. messenger than sends genetic info to ribosome
  7. contains digestive enzymes
  8. fluid inside cells
  9. outer covering found on plant, fungi, and bacteria cells
  10. balanced solution
  11. diffusion of water

20 Clues: balanced solution • fluid inside cells • diffusion of water • fats, oils, and waxes • made of only one cell • site of protein synthesis • contains digestive enzymes • site of photosynthesis in cells • cells with no nucleus, bacteria • site of cellular respiration in cells • organelle that packages and transports • macromolecule group that stores information • ...

Cell Theory 2025-05-29

Cell Theory crossword puzzle
Across
  1. – Any living thing
  2. – Basic unit of life
  3. – Division of the cytoplasm
  4. – Region that holds chromatids together
  5. – Chromosomes become visible, nuclear membrane dissolves
  6. – Chromatids are pulled to opposite poles
  7. – Tool used to observe cells
  8. – Scientist who said all animals are made of cells
Down
  1. – Condensed DNA visible during mitosis
  2. – Cell grows and DNA replicates
  3. – An organism made of many cells
  4. – An organism made of one cell
  5. – Chromosomes line up in the middle
  6. – A well-tested explanation
  7. – Scientist who said all plants are made of cells
  8. – Organelle where mitosis takes place
  9. – Fibers that help separate chromosomes
  10. – Scientist who stated all cells come from other cells
  11. – Nuclear membranes start to re-form
  12. – Scientist who named “cells”

20 Clues: – Any living thing • – Basic unit of life • – A well-tested explanation • – Division of the cytoplasm • – Tool used to observe cells • – Scientist who named “cells” • – An organism made of one cell • – Cell grows and DNA replicates • – An organism made of many cells • – Chromosomes line up in the middle • – Nuclear membranes start to re-form • – Organelle where mitosis takes place • ...

Animal and Plant Cell Crossword Puzzle 2017-10-17

Animal and Plant Cell Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. all plants and animals are made up of these
  2. captures sunlight; found only in plant cells
  3. used to make protein; can be found floating in the endoplasmic reticulum and the cytoplasm
  4. they help protect you by destroying bacteria that your white blood cells engulf
  5. the brain of the cell; found only in plant and animal cells
  6. the process that plants use the chloroplasts to make their own food
  7. chloroplasts contain a green substance called ______________.
  8. chromosomes are made of this
  9. jelly like fluid mostly made of water that the organelles float in; found in all three types of cells
  10. in plant cells they are large; found in plant and animal cells
Down
  1. internal delivery system within the cell; found only in plant and animal cells
  2. they have nine groups of three arrangements of the protein fibers
  3. package material to be transported to the endoplasmic reticulum; found in both plant and animal cells
  4. most cells are too small to be seen without a _____________.
  5. the tiny structures inside the cell; like the cell wall, cell membrane, and nucleus
  6. the nucleus also contains the __________ a structure where ribosomes are made.
  7. powerhouse of the cell; used to create food for energy; found in plant and animal cells
  8. there are tiny openings, or ________, in the cell membrane through which material can enter or leave the cell.
  9. provides extra support for plants; found only in plant and bacterial cells
  10. the organel of each cell is based off of the _____________.

20 Clues: chromosomes are made of this • all plants and animals are made up of these • captures sunlight; found only in plant cells • the brain of the cell; found only in plant and animal cells • the organel of each cell is based off of the _____________. • most cells are too small to be seen without a _____________. • ...

Immune System Crossword 2024-05-27

Immune System Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. An organ that stores and filters blood and makes white blood cells that protect you from infection
  2. Cells that present antigens to T cells to initiate an immune response
  3. a fluid that flows through the lymphatic system
  4. A type of T cell that kills infected cells
  5. A type of T cell that helps control the immune response
  6. The body's general, non-specific type of immunity
  7. A complex network of cells, tissues, organs, and the substances they make that help the body fight infections and other diseases.
  8. Release histamine and other chemicals during allergic reactions
  9. An organism that causes disease
  10. Soft tissue in the center of bones that produce red and white blood cells
Down
  1. A type of adaptive immune cell that produces antibodies that neutralize pathogens
  2. A type of T cell that assists other cells in the immune response
  3. A type of innate immune cell that engulfs and digests pathogens and dead cells
  4. Another term for white blood cells (WBC)
  5. A type of innate immune cell that attacks a destroys virus-infected cells and tumor cells
  6. The body's specific type of immunity that is built through exposure to pathogens
  7. A gland behind the breastbone where lymphocytes mature
  8. cells that combat multicellular parasites and have a role in allergic reactions
  9. Y shaped proteins that fight microbes and toxins by recognizing antigens on the surface of microbes
  10. Any molecule that causes an immune response

20 Clues: An organism that causes disease • Another term for white blood cells (WBC) • A type of T cell that kills infected cells • Any molecule that causes an immune response • a fluid that flows through the lymphatic system • The body's general, non-specific type of immunity • A gland behind the breastbone where lymphocytes mature • ...

Blood cells G11 2025-05-20

Blood cells G11 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. cava Large vein bringing deoxygenated blood into the right atrium.
  2. The most common type of leukocyte; highly effective against bacteria.
  3. Shape of a monocyte’s nucleus.
  4. Proteins released by B cells to neutralize pathogens.
  5. Type of immunity provided by T and B lymphocytes.
  6. The liquid portion of blood in which cells are suspended.
  7. Largest leukocytes; horseshoe-shaped nucleus; become macrophages.
  8. General term for white blood cells involved in body defenses.
  9. Large cells in bone marrow that produce platelets.
  10. Valve that allows blood to exit the left ventricle into the aorta.
  11. Term for cells that engulf pathogens or debris.
  12. Small particles in cytoplasm of some leukocytes, like neutrophils and eosinophils.
Down
  1. Phagocytic cells with red-orange granules; active in allergies and parasitic infections.
  2. Flattened, biconcave red blood cells that transport oxygen.
  3. Least common leukocyte; promotes inflammation with dense purple granules.
  4. Platelets help maintain this by sealing wounds and preventing blood loss.
  5. Cell fragments that aid in clotting and tissue repair.
  6. Substance recognized as foreign, triggering immune response.
  7. Jelly-like material in cells where granules may be found.
  8. Term describing blood vessels or valves associated with the lungs.
  9. marrow The tissue where blood cells are produced.
  10. Spherical cells with a large nucleus; include B and T cells.
  11. Shape of red blood cells that increases surface area for gas exchange.
  12. Large artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to the body.
  13. Type of heart valve shaped like a half-moon.

25 Clues: Shape of a monocyte’s nucleus. • Type of heart valve shaped like a half-moon. • Term for cells that engulf pathogens or debris. • Type of immunity provided by T and B lymphocytes. • marrow The tissue where blood cells are produced. • Large cells in bone marrow that produce platelets. • Proteins released by B cells to neutralize pathogens. • ...

Exam chapter 2 (part 1) review 2025-12-10

Exam chapter 2 (part 1) review crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Fills cells nucleus
  2. Produces proteins for the cell
  3. Has ribosomes
  4. Rigid supporting layer that surrounds the cells of plants and other organisms
  5. Bigger in the plant cell than the animal cell
  6. Describes how cells are related to living things
  7. Produces ribosomes
  8. Made the discovery of cells
  9. The ability to distinguish details in an objects
  10. Converts food stored in food to energy the cell can use to live and function
  11. Converts energy to food
  12. All cells have this
Down
  1. In the cells of plants that captures energy from sunlight
  2. Allows materials such as water and oxygen to pass through the cell wall
  3. Organisms with specialized cells
  4. Organisms only with one cell
  5. Another word for living thing
  6. Makes cell membrane out of two layers
  7. Basic unit of structure and function in life
  8. Has no ribosomes
  9. Directs cell's activities

21 Clues: Has ribosomes • Has no ribosomes • Produces ribosomes • Fills cells nucleus • All cells have this • Converts energy to food • Directs cell's activities • Made the discovery of cells • Organisms only with one cell • Another word for living thing • Produces proteins for the cell • Organisms with specialized cells • Makes cell membrane out of two layers • ...

Nervous System Histology Crossword 2025-09-28

Nervous System Histology Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Glial cells responsible for CNS myelination.
  2. Supporting glial cells of the PNS that form myelin.
  3. Layer of cerebellum containing Purkinje neurons.
  4. Cells lining ventricles of brain and central canal.
  5. Structural protein of neurofibrillary tangles.
  6. Modified ependymal cells that produce CSF.
  7. Pigment granules that accumulate in aging neurons.
  8. Junctional complexes sealing endothelial cells in BBB.
  9. Phagocytic immune cells of the CNS.
  10. Outer connective tissue covering of a peripheral nerve.
  11. Microscopic gaps between adjacent myelin sheaths.
Down
  1. Star-shaped glial cells maintaining blood–brain barrier.
  2. Dense basophilic clumps of RER in neurons.
  3. Highly branched neuronal processes that receive input.
  4. Specialized junction for neuronal communication.
  5. Selective stain method to visualize whole neurons.
  6. Large pyramidal neurons in motor cortex.
  7. Neuroglial cells supporting PNS ganglia neurons.
  8. Bundles of myelinated axons in the CNS.
  9. Layer of meninges directly attached to brain and cord.

20 Clues: Phagocytic immune cells of the CNS. • Bundles of myelinated axons in the CNS. • Large pyramidal neurons in motor cortex. • Dense basophilic clumps of RER in neurons. • Modified ependymal cells that produce CSF. • Glial cells responsible for CNS myelination. • Structural protein of neurofibrillary tangles. • Specialized junction for neuronal communication. • ...

Mammalian Cell Culture 2013-04-12

Mammalian Cell Culture crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Fuse with HeLa plasma membrane so that DNA is transported into the cell
  2. A cell-impermeable toadstool mushroom toxin that binds actin
  3. Green Fluorescent Protein detected by fluorescent microscopy
  4. Distinguishing living cells from nonliving cells
  5. Etched glass chamber used to count cells
  6. Artificial introduction of material into cells, typically involving the uptake of DNA
  7. Growth of cells in an artificial environment outside of the organism
  8. Store stocks of cells to prevent the need to have cell lines in culture at all times
  9. A DNA molecule used as a vehicle to transfer foreign genetic material into another cell
  10. Liquid designed to support growth of cells outside of the organism
  11. Amino Acid
  12. Make free of MOST live bacteria
Down
  1. The execution of cell culture procedures without introducing contaminating microorganisms from the environment
  2. Refers to coverage of the flask by the cells
  3. Make free of ALL live bacteria
  4. Describes the behavior of cells in a fluid environment
  5. Crosslinks amino acids to stabilize the cell for examination
  6. A nonionic detergent that disrupts cellular membranes without disturbing protein-protein interactions established by formalde-fresh
  7. Polar Amino Acid that coats the flask
  8. Breaks bonds between cells and lysine

20 Clues: Amino Acid • Make free of ALL live bacteria • Make free of MOST live bacteria • Polar Amino Acid that coats the flask • Breaks bonds between cells and lysine • Etched glass chamber used to count cells • Refers to coverage of the flask by the cells • Distinguishing living cells from nonliving cells • Describes the behavior of cells in a fluid environment • ...

Cells and Governments 2022-04-21

Cells and Governments crossword puzzle
Across
  1. a country governed by an _______
  2. government by a dictator
  3. found in eukaryotic organisms
  4. systems the same territory is controlled by two other levels of governments
  5. a form of government with a __ as the head
  6. a state governed by a ______
  7. were the earliest and the most basic units of life on Earth.
  8. a system or form by which a community is ruled
  9. minister is the lead of the executive branch government
  10. one of the branches of government
  11. a state of disorder
  12. a country's legislative
  13. separates the interior of all cells
Down
  1. palade granules
  2. largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
  3. a group with a certain equality between its members
  4. Cells contain _____
  5. cells chromeosomes
  6. the gelatinous liquid that fills inside the cell.
  7. found in many animal cells
  8. cells they are specialized for communication
  9. typical of a class,group or body of an opinion
  10. cells contain structures called ____
  11. wall a structural layer surrounding types of cells
  12. Joe Biden is our _____
  13. priests rule in the name of god or gods
  14. found in plant and fungal cells
  15. a system of government by one person
  16. building blocks

29 Clues: building blocks • palade granules • cells chromeosomes • Cells contain _____ • a state of disorder • Joe Biden is our _____ • a country's legislative • government by a dictator • found in many animal cells • a state governed by a ______ • found in plant and fungal cells • a country governed by an _______ • found in eukaryotic organisms • one of the branches of government • ...

A&P Ch. 23-24 bonus puzzle 2023-11-16

A&P Ch. 23-24 bonus puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The primary organ responsible for the maturation of T cells
  2. The fluid that circulates through the lymphatic system
  3. A specialized cell that presents antigens to T cells
  4. A condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin
  5. Small proteins released by cells to communicate with and regulate the immune system
  6. A hormone that stimulates red blood cell production
  7. The largest lymphatic organ involved in the filtration of blood and immune system activation
  8. The protein responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells
  9. The process by which white blood cells move towards the site of infection
Down
  1. The most numerous type of white blood cell
  2. The first line of defense in the immune system, including physical and chemical barriers
  3. The process of blood cell formation
  4. The iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that binds to oxygen
  5. The liquid component of blood
  6. The process of stopping bleeding or hemorrhage
  7. A cell fragment involved in blood clotting
  8. A type of white blood cell that engulfs pathogens
  9. Protective proteins produced by B cells in response to specific antigens
  10. A type of lymphocyte that directly kills infected cells
  11. The percentage of blood composed of red blood cells

20 Clues: The liquid component of blood • The process of blood cell formation • The most numerous type of white blood cell • A cell fragment involved in blood clotting • The process of stopping bleeding or hemorrhage • A type of white blood cell that engulfs pathogens • A hormone that stimulates red blood cell production • The percentage of blood composed of red blood cells • ...

Specific Immune Response 2024-06-14

Specific Immune Response crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Cause pathogens to clump together
  2. Treated by insulin injections, pancreas transplant and immunosuppressant drugs
  3. Immune system stops recognising 'self cells' and starts attacking healthy body tissue
  4. Y-shaped glycoproteins called immunoglobulins
  5. Body responds to antigens found outside the cells
  6. Activated B cell divides by mitosis to give plasma cells and B memory cells
  7. Type of cytokine produced by T-Helper Cells
  8. B cells develop into B memory cells in case the same pathogen enters the body again
  9. Affects skin and joints, can attack any organ
  10. Type of B lymphocyte that forms plasma cell clones
  11. T lymphocytes respond to cells of the organism that have been changed in some way e.g. early cancers and viral infections
  12. Affects joints, no cure
  13. Type of B lymphocyte that provides immunological memory
Down
  1. Activated T-helper cells bind to the B cell APC
  2. Can take days or weeks to become fully effective against a particular pathogen
  3. Engulf and digest pathogens in phagocytosis
  4. Type of B lymphocyte that produces antibodies for a particular antigen
  5. Kills pathogens by making a hole in the membrane - produced by T-Killer Cells
  6. Bind to toxins produced by pathogens
  7. Mechanism where antibodies bind to complementary antigens

20 Clues: Affects joints, no cure • Cause pathogens to clump together • Bind to toxins produced by pathogens • Engulf and digest pathogens in phagocytosis • Type of cytokine produced by T-Helper Cells • Y-shaped glycoproteins called immunoglobulins • Affects skin and joints, can attack any organ • Activated T-helper cells bind to the B cell APC • ...

mikael period:1 2021-09-22

mikael period:1 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. cells come from other cells,cells keep you alive,living things are made of cells.,organization,ability to grow and develop,ability to reproduce and make copies.
  2. tough outer covering of plant cells.
  3. outer covering.
  4. basic unit of living things.
  5. organelle where energy is made,stored and released.
  6. tool to see small.
  7. parts within a cell.
  8. cells work together.
  9. whole living thing.
  10. gel inside the cell.
  11. organs work together.
Down
  1. plant organelle where sunlight is turned into energy.
  2. cells,tissue,organs,organ system,organism.
  3. different parts do different jobs.
  4. many celled.
  5. one cell.
  6. stores dna (information for all cells.)

17 Clues: one cell. • many celled. • outer covering. • tool to see small. • whole living thing. • parts within a cell. • cells work together. • gel inside the cell. • organs work together. • basic unit of living things. • different parts do different jobs. • tough outer covering of plant cells. • stores dna (information for all cells.) • cells,tissue,organs,organ system,organism. • ...

S2 Cells and Specialised Cells 2023-12-06

S2 Cells and Specialised Cells crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Another name for a feature or part of a cell
  2. This cell can be 1 meter long!
  3. Gives plants their green colour
  4. Where plants store sap (water and sugars)
  5. The name of hairs found on lung cells
  6. the cell wall is present in only these cells
  7. Chemical that absorbs light for photosynthesis
  8. cells specialised for photosynthesis
  9. This cell has hair and is specialised to absorb water and nutrients
  10. Carries water and have a strengthened cell wall
Down
  1. controls entry and exit from cells
  2. This cell has no nucleus to be able to carry oxygen
  3. Contains yoke which provides food for new embryo
  4. Specialised to fertilise an egg
  5. Biology name for the job a cell has
  6. Site of all chemical reactions
  7. Known as the control centre of the cell
  8. The process by which plants make food

18 Clues: This cell can be 1 meter long! • Site of all chemical reactions • Gives plants their green colour • Specialised to fertilise an egg • controls entry and exit from cells • Biology name for the job a cell has • cells specialised for photosynthesis • The name of hairs found on lung cells • The process by which plants make food • Known as the control centre of the cell • ...

Immuno-Puzzle 2024-02-03

Immuno-Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. ____ secrete reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide and nitric oxide, to mediate killing
  2. _____ T cells that coordinate the activities of other immune cells like B cells, cytotoxic T cells, and macrophages
  3. Macrophages present in the liver
  4. Lymphoid tissue present in the nasal passages
  5. ____ primarily defend against parasites
  6. ___ is an example for biological vector
  7. Erythroblasts produce __
  8. A kind of filaments helps to maintain the flexibility and overall shape of the lymphatic capillaries
  9. CALT – C represents for
  10. Cells example for innate immunity
  11. Bean-shaped structures scattered throughout the lymphatic network
  12. Lymph eventually reach the bloodstream via ___ duct
  13. Plasma cells produce ___
  14. The process of transport of WBCs across the blood vessels
Down
  1. Origin of immune cells
  2. Example for a granulocytes
  3. A type of contact transmission occurs when a person coughs, sneezes or speaks near others
  4. _____ T cells detect cells infected by viruses
  5. ___ carrier is a person who recovered from the disease, but continues to harbor the pathogen
  6. Example for antigen presenting cells
  7. This is present in sweat, tears and many other secretions
  8. Basophils are best known for
  9. Lymphoid tissue located under the throat
  10. ____ cells found in the GALT of the small intestine for antigen sampling
  11. Adaptive immunity
  12. Immune cell aggregates lining the bronchial regions
  13. The fluid in the lymphatic vessels
  14. Lymphatic system maintains the ___ fluid volume at constant level
  15. The respiratory tract is lined with little hair-like structures
  16. A kind of immunity that cannot differentiate between the pathogens having similar structures
  17. T cells maturation

31 Clues: Adaptive immunity • T cells maturation • Origin of immune cells • CALT – C represents for • Erythroblasts produce __ • Plasma cells produce ___ • Example for a granulocytes • Basophils are best known for • Macrophages present in the liver • Cells example for innate immunity • The fluid in the lymphatic vessels • Example for antigen presenting cells • ...

Cancer 2016-01-04

Cancer crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The use of drugs that stimulate the body's own immune system to attack cancer cells
  2. Refers to when cancer cells don't respond to medicine or treatment
  3. A cancerous tumor that originates in the kidneys
  4. Cancer of the part of the immune system
  5. The use of drugs to attack cancer and reduce the rate at which cancer cells reproduce
  6. An x-ray of the breast
  7. A doctor who treats patients who have cancer
  8. A cancer that starts in cells called lymphocytes
  9. A type of liver cancer
  10. removal of a small piece of tissue for diagnostic purposes
  11. Large, unusual cells that are a sign of Hodgkin disease
  12. Type of cancer treatment that uses beams of intense energy to kill cancer cells
  13. A malignant tumor of the eye that usually appears in the first 3 years of life
  14. When cancer symptoms disappear or are significantly reduced
  15. An uncommon but extremely serious form of skin cancer
  16. A kind of tumor that develops in breast cells
  17. Abnormal body cells grouped together in a mass or lump
  18. A substance or agent that causes cancer
Down
  1. A doctor who specializes in using radiation to kill cancer cells
  2. Found on one side of the body
  3. A cancer in which the lymph cells multiply uncontrollably, comes in two types Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkins
  4. A procedure in which cells are removed from the cervix and examined for signs of cancer
  5. A mass of cells that grow more rapidly than normal cells but more slowly than most cancer cells and do not spread to other areas of the body
  6. A mass of cancer cells
  7. A procedure that involves replacing unhealthy bone marrow with healthy bone marrow cells from a donor
  8. The spread of cancer from where it first develops to other parts of the body
  9. The reappearance of cancer after it has been treated
  10. Found on both sides of the body; cancer found in paired organs
  11. A cancer of the blood-forming tissues in the bone marrow
  12. A tumor that grows in the body's connective tissue, like muscle, cartilage, or bone

30 Clues: An x-ray of the breast • A mass of cancer cells • A type of liver cancer • Found on one side of the body • Cancer of the part of the immune system • A substance or agent that causes cancer • A doctor who treats patients who have cancer • A kind of tumor that develops in breast cells • A cancerous tumor that originates in the kidneys • ...

The Immune System 2015-04-12

The Immune System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Cells Antibody-secreting effector B cells
  2. Gland in the thoracic cavity of the heart (where T cells mature)
  3. Presentation MHC binds to a piece of an antigen within the cell and brings it to the surface.
  4. response Chemicals cause blood vessels to leak fluid and swell
  5. immunodeficiency virus the infectious agent that causes AIDS. HIV is a retrovirus
  6. Killer A type of white blood cell that can kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells
  7. Immune Response The acquired immune response elicited on second or subsequent exposure to a particular antigen. (more rapid, stronger, and of longer duration than primary)
  8. Programmed cell death
  9. Cells A muscle cell or gland cell that performs the body’s responses to stimuli.
  10. The most abundant type of white blood cell. They are phagocytic cells.
  11. Immune Response The selective proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes the first time the body is exposed to an antigen.
  12. A protein released by animal cells that has the property of inhibiting virus replication.
  13. cells An antigen-presenting cell that is particularly efficient in presenting antigens to naive helper T cells, thereby initiating a primary response.
  14. cytokines with functions that include attracting white blood cells to sites of infection.
Down
  1. immune response One of the two branches of acquired immunity; the activation and clonal selection of cytotoxic T cells, which directly destroy certain target cells.
  2. immunity Immunity conferred by the natural exposure to an infectious agent.
  3. immune response One of the two branches of acquired immunity; the activation and clonal selection of B cells, resulting in production of secreted antibodies that circulate in the blood and lymph.
  4. A phagocytic cell present in many tissues that function by destroying microbes.
  5. shock an acute, whole body, life-threatening, allergic response
  6. immunity The kind of defense that is mediated by phagocytic cells, antimicrobial proteins, the inflammatory response, and natural killer cells. It is present before exposure to pathogens and is effective from the time of birth
  7. Any foreign molecule that is specifically recognized by lymphocytes and elicits a response from them.
  8. Large marsupial
  9. cells A cell filled with basophil granules, found in numbers in connective tissue and releasing histamine and other substances during inflammatory and allergic reactions.
  10. disease an immunological disorder in which the immune system turns against itself
  11. T-cell central to the acquired immune responses; responds to peptide antigens displayed on antigen-presenting cells and in turn stimulates the activation of nearby B cells and cytotoxic T cells.
  12. A type of white blood cell with low phagocytic activity
  13. immunity immunity conferred by transferring antibodies from an individual who is immune to a particular infectious agent to someone who is not

27 Clues: Large marsupial • Programmed cell death • Cells Antibody-secreting effector B cells • A type of white blood cell with low phagocytic activity • response Chemicals cause blood vessels to leak fluid and swell • shock an acute, whole body, life-threatening, allergic response • Gland in the thoracic cavity of the heart (where T cells mature) • ...

ELP-CELLS CROSSWORD 2018-08-01

ELP-CELLS CROSSWORD crossword puzzle
Across
  1. The location where photosynthesis takes place.
  2. The clear fluid flowing within each cell.
  3. The structure that protects the nucleus.
  4. The living border around each cell.
  5. Tiny living units of structure.
  6. A microscope with more than one objective.
  7. All ____things are composed of cells.
  8. An example of a simple microscope.
  9. Established the term: cells
  10. The dark body within the nucleus that makes ribosomes.
  11. A device that allowed cells to be discovered.
Down
  1. The organelle that provides energy for the cell.
  2. Proposed that all plants are made of cells.
  3. Organisms that are composed of only one cell.
  4. String-like structures that are composed of DNA.
  5. Organisms composed of more than one cell.
  6. Developed the first microscope.
  7. Another word for "cell membrane".
  8. A microscope with only one objective.
  9. The non-living border around a plant cell.
  10. Cells are the _____ unit of life.
  11. Proposed that all animals are made of cells.
  12. The storage center of the cell.
  13. Proposed that cells come from pre-existing cells.
  14. The green pigment found within plant cells.
  15. Organelles that create protein within the cell.
  16. The structure that contains genetic material.

27 Clues: Established the term: cells • Developed the first microscope. • The storage center of the cell. • Tiny living units of structure. • Another word for "cell membrane". • Cells are the _____ unit of life. • An example of a simple microscope. • The living border around each cell. • A microscope with only one objective. • All ____things are composed of cells. • ...

CARDIAC MUSCLE 2019-12-11

CARDIAC MUSCLE crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Involuntary heart ________ also a function of cardiac muscle.
  2. Cardiac muscle cells appear striated or striped under a __________.
  3. Cardiac muscle tissue is one of the three types of _______ tissue.
  4. Cardiac muscle cells also contain _________.
  5. Its contraction is not under ________ control.
  6. ________ muscle is found in the heart wall.
  7. Cells joined end-to-end with ________ disk in between.
  8. When a cardiac muscle cell contracts, the ________ filament pulls the actin filaments toward each other.
  9. The heart acts as a pump to propel blood through the _______ vessels.
  10. Cardiac muscle tissue, or myocardium, contains cells that expand and contract in __________ to electrical impulses from the nervous system.
  11. Cardiac cells have only a single _________.
  12. Your nervous system sends _________ to pacemaker cells that prompt them to either speed up or slow down your heart rate.
  13. It is responsible for keeping the heart pumping and blood circulating around the _______.
  14. The cell uses ATP to ______ this contraction.
Down
  1. Pacemaker cells are ________ to other cardiac muscle cells, allowing them to pass along signals.
  2. Cardiac muscle also called heart muscle or ________.
  3. Pacemaker cells control the ________ of your heart.
  4. Exercise can __________ your cardiac muscle.
  5. cardiac muscle has __________.
  6. _________ of cardiac muscle is pumping blood.
  7. Cardiac muscle fibers also possess many mitochondria and _______.
  8. This through specialized cells called _______ cells.
  9. Cardiac cells have only a _________ nucleus.
  10. Cardiac muscle fibers are ________ than skeletal muscle fibers.
  11. The heart acts as a ________ to propel blood.

25 Clues: cardiac muscle has __________. • ________ muscle is found in the heart wall. • Cardiac cells have only a single _________. • Exercise can __________ your cardiac muscle. • Cardiac muscle cells also contain _________. • Cardiac cells have only a _________ nucleus. • _________ of cardiac muscle is pumping blood. • The heart acts as a ________ to propel blood. • ...

immune system 2022-03-31

immune system crossword puzzle
Across
  1. response - a complex series of events that invlves many chemicals and immune cells that hep enhance the overall immune response
  2. Cells - long living cells that are exposed to the antigen during the primary immune response
  3. proteins - enhance phagocytosis by helping the phagocytic cells bind better to pathogens and activating the phagocytes
  4. - blood cells that ingest bacteria and remove dead neutophils and other debris
  5. Organs - The organs of the hymphatic system contain lymphatic tissue, lymphocytes, a few other cell types, and connective tissue
  6. Cells - located in all lymphatic tissues and can be thought of as antibody factories
  7. - virus infected cells secrete a protein
  8. Barrier - the first major line of defense is the unbroken skin and its secretions
  9. - a type of white blood cell that is produced in red bone marrow
  10. T Cells - destroy pathogens and release chemicals called cytokines
  11. Defense - if foreign microorganisms enter the body, the cells of the immune system defend the body
Down
  1. - blood cells that produce antibodies and other chemicals
  2. - blood cells that ingest bacteria
  3. - secreted by many inner surfaces of the body
  4. System - includes organs and cells that filter lymph and blood, destroy foreign microorganisms, and absorb fat
  5. - proteins produced by B lymphocytes that specifically react with a foreign antigen
  6. - like strong walls of a fort, barriers are used by the body to protect against pathogens
  7. T Cell - the processed antigen on its surface, binds to a type of lymphocyte
  8. - called vaccinations
  9. Barriers - Saliva, tears, and nasal secretions contain the enzyme lysozyme
  10. Acid - secreted in your stomach

21 Clues: - called vaccinations • Acid - secreted in your stomach • - blood cells that ingest bacteria • - virus infected cells secrete a protein • - secreted by many inner surfaces of the body • - blood cells that produce antibodies and other chemicals • - a type of white blood cell that is produced in red bone marrow • ...

immune system 2022-03-31

immune system crossword puzzle
Across
  1. response - a complex series of events that invlves many chemicals and immune cells that hep enhance the overall immune response
  2. Cells - long living cells that are exposed to the antigen during the primary immune response
  3. proteins - enhance phagocytosis by helping the phagocytic cells bind better to pathogens and activating the phagocytes
  4. - blood cells that ingest bacteria and remove dead neutophils and other debris
  5. Organs - The organs of the hymphatic system contain lymphatic tissue, lymphocytes, a few other cell types, and connective tissue
  6. Cells - located in all lymphatic tissues and can be thought of as antibody factories
  7. - virus infected cells secrete a protein
  8. Barrier - the first major line of defense is the unbroken skin and its secretions
  9. - a type of white blood cell that is produced in red bone marrow
  10. T Cells - destroy pathogens and release chemicals called cytokines
  11. Defense - if foreign microorganisms enter the body, the cells of the immune system defend the body
Down
  1. - blood cells that produce antibodies and other chemicals
  2. - blood cells that ingest bacteria
  3. - secreted by many inner surfaces of the body
  4. System - includes organs and cells that filter lymph and blood, destroy foreign microorganisms, and absorb fat
  5. - proteins produced by B lymphocytes that specifically react with a foreign antigen
  6. - like strong walls of a fort, barriers are used by the body to protect against pathogens
  7. T Cell - the processed antigen on its surface, binds to a type of lymphocyte
  8. - called vaccinations
  9. Barriers - Saliva, tears, and nasal secretions contain the enzyme lysozyme
  10. Acid - secreted in your stomach

21 Clues: - called vaccinations • Acid - secreted in your stomach • - blood cells that ingest bacteria • - virus infected cells secrete a protein • - secreted by many inner surfaces of the body • - blood cells that produce antibodies and other chemicals • - a type of white blood cell that is produced in red bone marrow • ...

Cell Theory Crossword 2021-08-18

Cell Theory Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. how prokaryotic cells reproduce
  2. this organism is a prokaryote
  3. tail that moves prokaryotic cells
  4. simple, small cell type
  5. schleidens friend who discovered animal cells
  6. the cell theory has _________ parts
  7. eukaryotic cells reproduce this way
Down
  1. scientist that concluded all cells come from existing cells
  2. you use this science tool to see cells
  3. Leeuwenhoek called cells this
  4. _______ cells come from preexisting cells
  5. large, complex cell type
  6. bacteria that causes food poisoning
  7. there are many strands of this genetic material in eukaryotic cells
  8. looked at cork and discovered cells

15 Clues: simple, small cell type • large, complex cell type • this organism is a prokaryote • Leeuwenhoek called cells this • how prokaryotic cells reproduce • tail that moves prokaryotic cells • bacteria that causes food poisoning • looked at cork and discovered cells • the cell theory has _________ parts • eukaryotic cells reproduce this way • you use this science tool to see cells • ...

S. Brakke Immuno Intro Crossword 2023-09-25

S. Brakke Immuno Intro Crossword crossword puzzle
Across
  1. This T cell type assists other white blood cells in immunologic processes. CD4+. Has type 1 and type 2.
  2. This T cell kills target cells directly. CD8+
  3. full word for a substance that induces an immune response.Recognized by Ab, BCR, Peptide on MHC
  4. a type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
  5. a type of white blood cell responsible for producing antibodies when it differentiates into a plasma cell. Can be naive, plasma cell, or memory cell.
  6. The part of an antibody that BINDS to the antigen.
  7. A large white blood cell that ingests foreign particles and infectious microorganisms.
  8. T cell type that suppresses/limits immune responses. CD4
  9. protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong. Different types related to different immune functions. Ex. IgE -allergies
  10. full word for a molecule found in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. This can bind TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
Down
  1. Combination therapy for HIV that includes three antiretroviral medications. These medications are consistently altered based on the status of the patient and the different variances in the populations of HIV cells, one of the fastest evolving things on the planet.
  2. abbreviation for cells that present antigens to T cells to initiate an immune response. Ex. dendritic cells
  3. full word for the general designation of many of the different cytokines, chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other cells
  4. a type of lymphocyte that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity.Can be helper, regulatory, or cytotoxic.
  5. full word for the family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections; type 1 interferons include IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, as distinguished from IFN-gamma.
  6. full word for a protein produced by the adaptive immune system that recognizes and binds to specific foreign substances. Highly variable. Lock and key type binding.
  7. abbreviation for the type of immune cell involved in the destruction of virus-infected cells and tumor cells.Innate immunity.
  8. A surface protein on certain T cells, often associated with helper T cells. (TH and Treg)
  9. A surface protein on certain T cells, often associated with cytotoxic T cells.(TC)
  10. Member of TNF receptor family expressed on certain cells that makes them susceptible to being killed by cells expressing the Fas ligand
  11. general term for proteins that recognize molecular patterns on pathogens
  12. Molecular patterns found on pathogens and recognized by the innate immune system.
  13. A transcription factor associated with regulatory T cells.
  14. Motifs found in cytoplasmic tails of immune receptors. involved in signal transduction
  15. Abbreviation for a complex that presents peptides from inside the cell to T cells. Class I and II.

25 Clues: This T cell kills target cells directly. CD8+ • The part of an antibody that BINDS to the antigen. • T cell type that suppresses/limits immune responses. CD4 • A transcription factor associated with regulatory T cells. • a type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells • general term for proteins that recognize molecular patterns on pathogens • ...

Immunology 2 2023-11-15

Immunology 2 crossword puzzle
Across
  1. CD4+ T cells that assist in immune responses by activating other immune cells.
  2. Protein molecule found on cytotoxic T cells that binds to MHC class I molecules and plays a role in the immune response.
  3. Cell surface proteins that present antigens to helper T cells (CD4+) for immune response activation.
  4. Selection Process in the thymus where T cells that strongly react against self-antigens are eliminated.
  5. Signals required for full activation of T cells upon antigen recognition, providing secondary activation signals.
  6. Protein molecule found on helper T cells that binds to MHC class II molecules and plays a role in the immune response.
  7. Process in the thymus where T cells that recognize self-MHC molecules survive.
  8. Cells that process and present antigens to T cells. Examples include dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and B cells.
Down
  1. Lymphoid tissue in the small intestine that plays a role in mucosal immunity.
  2. Organ where T cells mature and undergo positive and negative selection.
  3. Intracellular vesicles involved in the processing of exogenous antigens for presentation by MHC class II molecules.
  4. Signaling proteins that regulate cell migration and are involved in immune cell attraction to specific sites.
  5. Node Small, bean-shaped organs where immune cells gather to facilitate immune responses and filter lymph.
  6. A type of APC that plays a critical role in initiating immune responses by presenting antigens to T cells.
  7. Cell surface proteins that present antigens to cytotoxic T cells (CD8+) for immune response activation.
  8. Mechanism by which the immune system does not attack the body's own cells.
  9. (Natural Regulatory T Cells): Subset of T cells that suppress excessive immune responses and maintain self-tolerance.

17 Clues: Organ where T cells mature and undergo positive and negative selection. • Mechanism by which the immune system does not attack the body's own cells. • Lymphoid tissue in the small intestine that plays a role in mucosal immunity. • CD4+ T cells that assist in immune responses by activating other immune cells. • ...

Cancer 2016-01-04

Cancer crossword puzzle
Across
  1. A cancerous tumor that originates in the kidneys
  2. A cancer that starts in cells called lymphocytes
  3. The spread of cancer from where it first develops to other parts of the body
  4. A doctor who specializes in using radiation to kill cancer cells
  5. A doctor who treats patients who have cancer
  6. Found on both sides of the body; cancer found in paired organs
  7. Large, unusual cells that are a sign of Hodgkin disease
  8. An x-ray of the breast
  9. A substance or agent that causes cancer
  10. A malignant tumor of the eye that usually appears in the first 3 years of life
  11. A cancer in which the lymph cells multiply uncontrollably, comes in two types Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkins
  12. Found on one side of the body
Down
  1. The use of drugs to attack cancer and reduce the rate at which cancer cells reproduce
  2. Cancer of the part of the immune system
  3. Refers to when cancer cells don't respond to medicine or treatment
  4. removal of a small piece of tissue for diagnostic purposes
  5. A procedure that involves replacing unhealthy bone marrow with healthy bone marrow cells from a donor
  6. A type of liver cancer
  7. A tumor that grows in the body's connective tissue, like muscle, cartilage, or bone
  8. The reappearance of cancer after it has been treated
  9. Type of cancer treatment that uses beams of intense energy to kill cancer cells
  10. When cancer symptoms disappear or are significantly reduced
  11. A cancer of the blood-forming tissues in the bone marrow
  12. The use of drugs that stimulate the body's own immune system to attack cancer cells
  13. A procedure in which cells are removed from the cervix and examined for signs of cancer
  14. An uncommon but extremely serious form of skin cancer
  15. A mass of cells that grow more rapidly than normal cells but more slowly than most cancer cells and do not spread to other areas of the body
  16. A kind of tumor that develops in breast cells
  17. Abnormal body cells grouped together in a mass or lump
  18. A mass of cancer cells

30 Clues: A type of liver cancer • An x-ray of the breast • A mass of cancer cells • Found on one side of the body • Cancer of the part of the immune system • A substance or agent that causes cancer • A doctor who treats patients who have cancer • A kind of tumor that develops in breast cells • A cancerous tumor that originates in the kidneys • ...

Immunology Acronym List 2023-09-28

Immunology Acronym List crossword puzzle
Across
  1. Crystallized fragment of antibody: the part of an antibody that consists of the carboxy terminal halves of the two heavy chains disulfide-bonded to each other; the Fc region of an antibody is where Fc receptors bind, and so is responsible for antibody effector function (after antigen binding occurs)
  2. Antigen presenting cell: a cell that is able to present antigen via MHC molecules to T cell receptors on T cells
  3. Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity: a mechanism NK cells use to induce apoptosis in virally infected cells or tumor cells
  4. Dendritic cell: a type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
  5. Interleukin: general designation of many of the different cytokines, chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other cells
  6. B cell receptor: sIg on B cells that binds Ag and transmits signal 1 to activate B cells.
  7. Cytokine produced by effector CD4+ TH1 cells, CD8+ T cells, NK cells; primary actions are to act with IL-12 to induce TH1 differentiation, and to fully activate macrophages; enhances expression of MHC and components involved in Ag processing; is a switch factor for certain Ig isotypes and inhibits TH2 response
  8. Antibody: immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
  9. Immunoglobulin, protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
  10. Family names of chemokine receptors, the receptors that chemokines bind to all cell attraction to specific areas in the body
  11. B lymphocyte that upon activation can differentiate into plasma cells secreting antibody molecules or B memory cells
  12. lipopolysaccharide: a cell wall component of gram negative bacteria which can be bound by TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
  13. Autoimmune regulator: a transcription factor that causes several hundred tissue-specific genes to be transcribed by a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the thymus
  14. T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD4 which upon activation differentiate into distinct Thelper phenotypes with different roles in adaptive immunity
  15. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy: multiple drug treatment for HIV infection
  16. Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs: amino acid sequence in cytoplasmic domains of membrane receptors involved in signal transduction
Down
  1. C-reactive protein: acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine, a constituent of certain bacteria, that can trigger Complement activation and acts as an opsonin
  2. Macrophage: large mononuclear phagocyte that takes residence in many different tissues and organs and contributes to innate immune responses and can act as an effector cell in adaptive immune responses
  3. Cell adhesion molecule
  4. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes: CD8+ T cells with the effector function of targeting and killing virally infected cells and tumor cells by apoptosis
  5. Complementarity determining regions: the regions of the antigen binding loops of Ig molecules, antibodies and T cell receptors that come into contact with antigen
  6. Cluster of differentiation: designation for specific cell-surface molecules on immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
  7. Cell mediated immunity: adaptive immune responses in which there is a major role for effector T cells
  8. Interferon: family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections; type 1 interferons include IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, as distinguished from IFN-gamma.
  9. T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD8 which upon activation differentiate into cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)
  10. Fragment with antigen binding: the part of an antibody (that can be isolated by protease digestion) responsible for antigen binding, consisting of the light chain and amino-terminal half of the heavy chain disulfide-bonded together
  11. Transcription factor expressed in Treg cells that is needed for Treg cell function
  12. Antigen: a molecule that is recognized in native (original) structure by antibodies or B cell receptor, or a peptide that is presented by MHC molecules to T cell receptor
  13. immune response
  14. Family names of chemokines, chemicals that are a sub-class of cytokines with cell-attractant properties
  15. Cell surface receptors that bind to the Fc portion of IgG molecules. Expressed on phagocytes, B cells, and NK cells, among others; transmit activating signals in innate immunity, humoral immunity and ADCC
  16. Member of TNF receptor family expressed on certain cells that makes them susceptible to being killed by cells expressing the Fas ligand
  17. Human leukocyte antigen: name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
  18. Intracellular adhesion molecules: cells surface ligands for the leukocyte integrins; Critical in binding of lymphocytes and other leukocytes to certain cells
  19. Human immunodeficiency virus
  20. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome: the end stage of disease in HIV infection

36 Clues: immune response • Cell adhesion molecule • Human immunodeficiency virus • Antibody: immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells • Human leukocyte antigen: name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans • Immunoglobulin, protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong • Acquired immune deficiency syndrome: the end stage of disease in HIV infection • ...

Israel 2022-09-21

Israel crossword puzzle
Across
  1. something that looks like a cell
  2. to see cells
  3. In plant cell
  4. membrane in all cells
  5. carries oxygen
  6. epithelium waves like grass in wind
  7. made of cells
  8. Very dark part of cell
  9. has tiny threads
  10. In male cells
  11. Short cytoplasm
Down
  1. Contains chlorophyll
  2. has long extension
  3. Small organism
  4. has long axons
  5. found in a leaf
  6. has organs
  7. made of tissues
  8. surface of onion
  9. In all cells

20 Clues: has organs • to see cells • In all cells • In plant cell • made of cells • In male cells • Small organism • has long axons • carries oxygen • found in a leaf • made of tissues • Short cytoplasm • surface of onion • has tiny threads • has long extension • Contains chlorophyll • Very dark part of cell • membrane in all cells • something that looks like a cell • epithelium waves like grass in wind

Immunology Crossword Puzzle 2023-10-01

Immunology Crossword Puzzle crossword puzzle
Across
  1. “Mannose-binding lectin”: soluble acute phase response protein that can bind mannose on pathogens; can activate the lectin pathway of Complement and acts as an opsonin
  2. “Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity”: a mechanism NK cells use to induce apoptosis in virally infected cells or tumor cells
  3. “Acquired immune deficiency syndrome”: the end stage of disease in HIV infection
  4. “C-reactive protein”: acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine, a constituent of certain bacteria, that can trigger Complement activation and acts as an opsonin
  5. “Cell mediated immunity”: adaptive immune responses in which there is a major role for effector T cells
  6. “Immunoglobulin”, protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
  7. “Cytotoxic T lymphocytes”: CD8+ T cells with the effector function of targeting and killing virally infected cells and tumor cells by apoptosis
  8. T cell, T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD8 which upon activation differentiate into cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)
  9. “Antibody”: immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
  10. “Antigen”: a molecule that is recognized in native (original) structure by antibodies or B cell receptor, or a peptide that is presented by MHC molecules to T cell receptor
  11. “lipopolysaccharide”: a cell wall component of gram negative bacteria which can be bound by TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
  12. “Cluster of differentiation”: designation for specific cell-surface molecules on immune cells that help to differentiate one immune cell from another
Down
  1. cell adhesion molecule
  2. “Complementarity determining regions”: the regions of the antigen binding loops of Ig molecules, antibodies and T cell receptors that come into contact with antigen
  3. “Human Immunodeficiency Virus”
  4. “Major histocompatibility complex”: designation for a family of cell surface molecules involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to T cells
  5. “Dendritic cell”: a type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
  6. “Nuclear factor of activated T cells”: a key transcription factor that is required to bind to the IL-2 promoter to cause IL-2 transcription
  7. “Interleukin”: general designation of many of the different cytokines, chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other cells
  8. “Immune Response”
  9. “Human leukocyte antigen”: name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
  10. “Highly active anti-retroviral therapy”: multiple drug treatment for HIV infection
  11. cell, B lymphocyte that upon activation can differentiate into plasma cells secreting antibody molecules or B memory cells
  12. Transcription factor expressed in Treg cells that is needed for Treg cell function
  13. T cell, T cells that express the co-receptor protein CD4 which upon activation differentiate into distinct Thelper phenotypes with different roles in adaptive immunity

25 Clues: “Immune Response” • cell adhesion molecule • “Human Immunodeficiency Virus” • “Antibody”: immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells • “Human leukocyte antigen”: name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans • “Acquired immune deficiency syndrome”: the end stage of disease in HIV infection • ...

The Immune System 2021-10-18

The Immune System crossword puzzle
Across
  1. artificially produced antibodies
  2. Triggered by B-cells
  3. a way in which T-Cells kill
  4. One of the Types of cells B-cells churn out
  5. Another word for killer T-cell?
  6. Memory cells function are the basis for these?
  7. Type of cell already in the body from a previous exposure
  8. a type of B-cell
Down
  1. Invading or foreign cells
  2. Cells that mature in the thymus
  3. antibody mediated immune response
  4. Macrophages produce these when engulfing pathogens
  5. phagocyte antigen presenting cells
  6. B and T cells
  7. a y shaped protein
  8. Alternative name for an antibody

16 Clues: B and T cells • a type of B-cell • a y shaped protein • Triggered by B-cells • Invading or foreign cells • a way in which T-Cells kill • Cells that mature in the thymus • Another word for killer T-cell? • artificially produced antibodies • Alternative name for an antibody • antibody mediated immune response • phagocyte antigen presenting cells • ...

Israel 2022-09-21

Israel crossword puzzle
Across
  1. something that looks like a cell
  2. to see cells
  3. In plant cell
  4. membrane in all cells
  5. carries oxygen
  6. epithelium waves like grass in wind
  7. made of cells
  8. Very dark part of cell
  9. has tiny threads
  10. In male cells
  11. Short cytoplasm
Down
  1. Contains chlorophyll
  2. has long extension
  3. Small organism
  4. has long axons
  5. found in a leaf
  6. has organs
  7. made of tissues
  8. surface of onion
  9. In all cells

20 Clues: has organs • to see cells • In all cells • In plant cell • made of cells • In male cells • Small organism • has long axons • carries oxygen • found in a leaf • made of tissues • Short cytoplasm • surface of onion • has tiny threads • has long extension • Contains chlorophyll • Very dark part of cell • membrane in all cells • something that looks like a cell • epithelium waves like grass in wind

Israel 2022-09-21

Israel crossword puzzle
Across
  1. something that looks like a cell
  2. to see cells
  3. In plant cell
  4. membrane in all cells
  5. carries oxygen
  6. epithelium waves like grass in wind
  7. made of cells
  8. Very dark part of cell
  9. has tiny threads
  10. In male cells
  11. Short cytoplasm
Down
  1. Contains chlorophyll
  2. has long extension
  3. Small organism
  4. has long axons
  5. found in a leaf
  6. has organs
  7. made of tissues
  8. surface of onion
  9. In all cells

20 Clues: has organs • to see cells • In all cells • In plant cell • made of cells • In male cells • Small organism • has long axons • carries oxygen • found in a leaf • made of tissues • Short cytoplasm • surface of onion • has tiny threads • has long extension • Contains chlorophyll • Very dark part of cell • membrane in all cells • something that looks like a cell • epithelium waves like grass in wind

Israel 2022-09-21

Israel crossword puzzle
Across
  1. something that looks like a cell
  2. to see cells
  3. In plant cell
  4. membrane in all cells
  5. carries oxygen
  6. epithelium waves like grass in wind
  7. made of cells
  8. Very dark part of cell
  9. has tiny threads
  10. In male cells
  11. Short cytoplasm
Down
  1. Contains chlorophyll
  2. has long extension
  3. Small organism
  4. has long axons
  5. found in a leaf
  6. has organs
  7. made of tissues
  8. surface of onion
  9. In all cells

20 Clues: has organs • to see cells • In all cells • In plant cell • made of cells • In male cells • Small organism • has long axons • carries oxygen • found in a leaf • made of tissues • Short cytoplasm • surface of onion • has tiny threads • has long extension • Contains chlorophyll • Very dark part of cell • membrane in all cells • something that looks like a cell • epithelium waves like grass in wind